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Simple Curve

A simple curve is a circular arc between two tangents. It has a point of curvature (PC), point of tangency (PT), and point of intersection (PI) where the extended tangents meet. Formulas are provided to calculate elements of a simple curve like radius, degree, length, stations, and chords using either an arc or chord basis. Sample problems demonstrate calculating stations, chords, distances, and angles given information about a curve's radius, degree, and stationing.

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Jastine Delossantos
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510 views

Simple Curve

A simple curve is a circular arc between two tangents. It has a point of curvature (PC), point of tangency (PT), and point of intersection (PI) where the extended tangents meet. Formulas are provided to calculate elements of a simple curve like radius, degree, length, stations, and chords using either an arc or chord basis. Sample problems demonstrate calculating stations, chords, distances, and angles given information about a curve's radius, degree, and stationing.

Uploaded by

Jastine Delossantos
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Simple curve

A simple curve is a circular arc extending from one tangent to the next tangent. The point
where the curve leaves the first tangent is called the point of curvature (P.C.) and the
point where the curve joints the second tangent is called the point of tangency (P.T.). If
the tangent be produced, they will meet in a point of intersection called the vertex or
point of intersection (P.I.)

Elements of a simple curve:


1. P.C. – point of curvature
2. P.T. – point of tangency
3. P.I. - point of intersection
4. R - radius of the curve
5. D - degree of the curve
6. T - tangent distance
7. I - angle of intersection
8. E - external distance
9. M - middle distance
10. Lc - length of curve
11. C - long chord
Useful formulas using arc basis:
In arc basis the degree of curve is the angle at the center subtended by length of arc 20m
in metric system or 100 ft in english system.
Where: a = standard arc (20m)
a1 & a2 = sub arcs ( less than the value of a )
d1 & d2 = sub angles ( less than the value of D )

D = 1145.916/R (in metric system)


D = 5729.58/R (in English system)
Lc = (I/D)(a)
d1 = 3Da1 (in minutes)
d2 = 3Da2 (in minutes)

Useful formulas using chord basis:


In chord basis the degree of curve is the angle subtended by a chord 20m in metric system
or 100 ft in English system.
By sub chord:
R = (10) / (sin D/2 ) (in metric system)
R = (50) / (sin D/2 ) (in English system)
d1/2 = sin-1 ( c1/2R ) (in degress)
d2/2 = sin-1 ( c2/2R ) (in degress)
c1 = 2R (sin d1/2)
c2 = 2R (sin d2/2)
By long chord:
C = 2R ( sin I/2 )

General formulas
Sta.P.T. = Sta.P.C + Lc
Sta.P.I or V = Sta.P.C + T
Sta.P.C. = Sta.P.I or V – T
Sta.P.C = Sta.P.T – Lc
T = R ( tan I/2 )
M = R ( 1-cos I/2 )
E = R [ (sec I/2) – 1]

Sample Problems:

1. Given : I = 18.5°
D = 4.25°
Sta.V = 5+075.75
Using arc basis find :
a. Middle ordinate
b. External distance
c. Sta.P.T.
d. Sub-angles

2. A simple curve of the proposed extension of Mantabahadra Highway have a direction of tangent AB which is
due north and tangent BC bearing N 50° E. Point A is at the P.C whose stationing is 20+130.46. The degree of
curve is 4°.

a. Compute the long chord of the curve.


b. Compute the stationing of point D on the curve along a line joining the center of the curve which makes
an angle of 54° with the tangent line passing thru the P.C.
c. At what station is P.T.?

3. The tangents of simple curve have bearings of N 20° E and N 80° E respectively. The radius of the curve is 200m.

a. Compute the external distance of the curve.


b. Compute the middle ordinate of the curve.
c. Compute the stationing of point A on the curve having a deflection angle of 6° from P.C. which is at
station 1+200.00.

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