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Midterm 2021 - Tutorial 7

1. The document provides example problems related to mechanics of materials, including calculating forces in support pillars for a PV module, determining required diameters of beams and levers to support loads given material properties, calculating stresses in sheets of metal under various loading conditions, and sizing tension rods. 2. Five multi-part example problems are presented involving calculating forces, stresses, diameters, wall thicknesses and safety factors for beams, levers, tension rods and other structural elements undergoing various loads. Material properties, loading configurations, and failure modes are provided. 3. The problems require applying mechanics of materials concepts like stress and strain calculations, material strength properties, and safety factors to structural design scenarios. Solutions involve free body diagrams

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S.A. Beskales
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40 views

Midterm 2021 - Tutorial 7

1. The document provides example problems related to mechanics of materials, including calculating forces in support pillars for a PV module, determining required diameters of beams and levers to support loads given material properties, calculating stresses in sheets of metal under various loading conditions, and sizing tension rods. 2. Five multi-part example problems are presented involving calculating forces, stresses, diameters, wall thicknesses and safety factors for beams, levers, tension rods and other structural elements undergoing various loads. Material properties, loading configurations, and failure modes are provided. 3. The problems require applying mechanics of materials concepts like stress and strain calculations, material strength properties, and safety factors to structural design scenarios. Solutions involve free body diagrams

Uploaded by

S.A. Beskales
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Tutorial 7

Mechanics Of Materials

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Question 1 : (Problem 1 Assignment )
Figure 1 shows a PV-module and its supports. The module is held in its position by two pillars A-B – see also the sketch in figure 2. The
pillars A-B need to be dimensioned for this arrangement. The module is loaded by the distributed load in figure 3 is given by 𝑞𝐴 =
3,35𝑘𝑁/𝑚.

(a) Calculate the force in the pillars A-B!


(b) For an aluminum alloy (𝐸 = 70′000𝑁/𝑚𝑚2 ) determine the required axial moment of inertia 𝐼𝑟𝑒𝑞for the failure mode of buckling. Use the safety factor
against buckling 𝑆𝐵 = 3.
(If you could not solve part (a), use 𝐹 = 700𝑁, which is not the correct answer to (a)).

(c) How does the required axial moment of inertia 𝐼𝑟𝑒𝑞 change if instead of 𝑆𝐵 the partial safety factors on the load side 𝛾𝐿 = 2 and on the resistance side
𝛾𝑅 = 1,2 are used. Recalculate 𝐼𝑟𝑒𝑞!

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Question 2 : (Problem 2 Midterm)

A load with mass 𝑚 = 1𝑡𝑜 (𝑔 = 10𝑚/𝑠 2 ) is hung over a pulley in point A and causes bending in the beam, which is fully fixed at B. The length
between A and B is 𝑙 = 1,5𝑚 (see fig. 2). (a) Determine the required diameter 𝑑 if the load is to be supported with a safety against yielding of 𝑆𝑦
= 1,5 and the used material is C35E (𝑅𝑒 = 275𝑀𝑃𝑎)! (b) Calculate the allowable mass 𝑚∗ if the beam is now made of cast iron EN-GJL-300
(bending strength 𝜎𝑏𝑟 = 460𝑀𝑃𝑎) and the safety factor against rupture is 𝑆𝑟 = 4 and the diameter is fixed at 𝑑 = 50𝑚𝑚.

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Question 3 : (Problem 4 Midterm)
A lever which is fully fixed at A with a solid circular cross section (𝑑 = 30𝑚𝑚) is loaded by the force 𝐹1 = 5𝑘𝑁 (see fig. 4). The used
material is a heat-treated steal 41Cr4 (𝑅𝑝0,2 = 780𝑀𝑃𝑎). (a) Calculate the bending moment 𝑀𝑏 and the maximal bending stress
𝜎𝑏 as well as the torsion moment 𝑀𝑡 and the maximal shear stress 𝜏𝑡 . (b) Calculate the safety factor against yielding 𝑆𝑦 at the
support A! HINT: Use the distortion energy hypothesis! (c) The lever is now made of the cheaper material S235JR (𝑅𝑚 = 440𝑀𝑃𝑎).
Determine the diameter 𝑑 ∗ such that the force 𝐹1 = 5𝑘𝑁 can be supported with a safety factor against rupture of 𝑆𝑟 = 2. HINT:
This time use the maximum shear stress hypothesis!

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Question 4: (Problem 3 Midterm)
A strip of sheet metal is pulled by the force 𝐹𝑥 between two pressure plates (see fig. 3). This causes the following
stresses at the maximally loaded location in the sheet metal: Due to tension:
𝜎𝑥 = 200𝑀𝑃𝑎 Due to compression:
𝜎𝑦 = −100𝑀𝑃𝑎 Due to friction:
𝜏𝑥𝑦 = 40𝑀𝑃𝑎
(a) Determine the principal stresses 𝜎1, 𝜎2 and 𝜎3 as well as the maximal shear stress 𝜏𝑚𝑎𝑥!
(b) By which angle 𝜑 must the element be rotated, such that the shear stresses in the section planes vanish? Is the
rotation clock or counter clock wise?

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Question 5: (Problem 1 Midterm)
The beam shown in fig. 1 is simply supported in point A and has a tension rod attached in point B. The weight in point C is given by 𝑚 = 1500𝑘𝑔 (𝑔 =
10𝑚/𝑠 2 ). The material for the tension rod is the steel SR275JR (𝑅𝑚 = 510𝑀𝑃𝑎; 𝑅𝑒 = 275𝑀𝑃𝑎). (a) Determine the tension force 𝐵⃗ . (Drawing the free
body diagram of the beam yields points). (b) Calculate the stress in the tension rod for the given circular ring cross section! (𝑑𝑎 = 50𝑚𝑚 and 𝑠 = 5𝑚𝑚).
(c) Calculate the wall thickness 𝑠′, if 𝑑𝑖 = 40𝑚𝑚 and the load is increased to 𝑚1 = 3250𝑘𝑔. Use the partial safety factors 𝛾𝐿 = 1,1 and 𝛾𝑅 = 1,3.
Consider the appropriate failure mode! HINT: Calculate 𝑑𝑎 first!

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