Learning Area SCIENCE Grade Level 10

W2 Quarter FOURTH Date

I. LESSON TITLE BEHAVIOR OF GASES
II. MOST ESSENTIAL LEARNING Investigate the relationship between:
COMPETENCIES (MELCs) - volume and temperature at a constant pressure of a gas
- explains these relationships using the kinetic molecular theory
III. CONTENT/CORE CONTENT Charles’ Law and Applications
IV. LEARNING PHASES AND LEARNING ACTIVITIES
I. Introduction (Time Frame: 1 day)

Kinetic Molecular Theory

The behavior of gases is determined by the behavior of its
individual particles. To explain behavioral properties of gases, The
Kinetic Molecular Theory was formulated. According to this theory,
gas has the following characteristics:
1. Gas is made up of particles that continuously move in
random and straight-line motion.
2. The spaces between these particles are so wide that the
force of attraction is negligible, thus, they diffuse easily and mix readily
with other gases.
3. The collision of particles to each other and to the walls of its
container is perfectly elastic. This means that they don’t lose or gain
energy as they collide.
4. The average kinetic energy of a gas is directly proportional
to its absolute temperature. This means that when the temperature is
high, particles of gas are rapidly moving or colliding to each other.

Learning Task 1. Why? Oh Why?

Identify the part of the Kinetic Molecular Theory that explains the
following observations:
1. You smell the food being cooked by your mother.
2. Party balloons burst when exposed to sunlight.
3. LPG tanks should be stored in cool areas.

D. Development (Time Frame: 1 day)

The volume of a gas is also affected by its temperature. Try to do another experiment. Place an inflated balloon inside a
wide-mouthed container half-filled with a boiling water. Cover the container and observe what happens to the balloon. Refer
to the figure below.

You will observe that after placing the inflated balloon in a

container with very hot water, the balloon will expand or
increase in volume. Removing the balloon from this
container will bring back the balloon to its original size. You
may also observe the balloon after placing it inside a
freezer. You will see that it decreases in volume. This only
shows that gas expands at high temperature.

This relationship between the volume of a gas and its

temperature was discovered by Jacques Charles in 1787.
He discovered that keeping the pressure constant, the
volume of a gas varies on changing its temperature. This
became known as Charles’ Law.

Charles’ Law states that at constant pressure the

volume of a confined gas is directly proportional to its absolute temperature. This only means that the volume of a gas increases
as its temperature increases. This is the explanation behind the hot air balloons and flat tires during summer.
IV. LEARNING PHASES AND LEARNING ACTIVITIES

Learning Task 2. Graphing

Directions: Study the figures below. Plot the volume, pressure and temperature on each of the graphs. Connect the plotted
points and interpret the relationship of the variables.
A. Volume and Temperature at Constant Pressure

Illustrated by: Rachael Chavez

Interpretation:
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E. Engagement (Time Frame: 1 day)

Learning Task 3. An Open Letter
Write an open letter addressed to all cigarette smokers, factory and smoke-belching vehicle owners informing them about
their contributions to air pollution. Discuss the effects they give to other people and to our environment. The letter must be
persuasive and must make them realize how their activities contribute to climate change. Use a separate sheet of paper.
A. Assimilation (Time Frame: 1 day)
Learning Task 4.
When do tires become flat more often, during warm weather or cold weather? Explain and prove your answer.
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IV. LEARNING PHASES AND LEARNING ACTIVITIES
V. ASSESSMENT (Time Frame: 1 day)
(Learning Activity Sheets for Enrichment, Remediation, or Assessment to be given on Weeks 3 and 6)
Problem Solving
Solve the following problems and show your complete solution.
1. Under constant pressure condition, a sample of hydrogen gas initially at 85°C and 7.2 L is cooled until its final volume is
4.1 L. What is the final temperature?

2. Determine the change in volume if 60 ml of gas at 33 °C is cooled to 15°C.

VI. REFLECTION (Time Frame: 1 day)

• Communicate your personal assessment as indicated in the Learner’s Assessment Card.
Personal Assessment on Learner’s Level of Performance
Using the symbols below, choose one which best describes your experience in working on each given task. Draw it in the column
for Level of Performance (LP). Be guided by the descriptions below:
 - I was able to do/perform the task without any difficulty. The task helped me in understanding the target content/ lesson.
✓ - I was able to do/perform the task. It was quite challenging, but it still helped me in understanding the target content/lesson.
? – I was not able to do/perform the task. It was extremely difficult. I need additional enrichment activities to be able to do/perform this
task.
Learning Task LP Learning Task LP Learning Task LP Learning Task LP
Number 1 Number 3 Number 5 Number 7
Number 2 Number 4 Number 6 Number 8

VII. REFERENCES Grade 10 Science Learner’s Material pages 351-399

Prepared by: RACHAEL B. CHAVEZ and Checked by: NICANOR O. REYES II

MARY GRACE M. MARINDA JOCELYN M. MANSET
KEY TO CORRECTION

Learning Task 1. (Answers may vary as long as the following concept of Kinetic Molecular Theory is there.)

1.The spaces between these particles are so wide that the force of attraction is negligible, thus,
they diffuse easily and mix readily with other gases.
2 and 3. The average kinetic energy of a gas is directly proportional to its absolute temperature. This
means that when the temperature is high, particles of gas are rapidly moving or colliding to each
other.
Learning Task 2.

Interpretation: As temperature increases, volume increases.

Learning Task 3. (Answers may vary)

Learning Task 4. (Answers may vary)