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Practice:: Read The Article About The "History of Computer Science"

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Adalid Leonela Adalid
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31 views2 pages

Practice:: Read The Article About The "History of Computer Science"

Uploaded by

Adalid Leonela Adalid
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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PRACTICE: Read the article about the “History of Computer Science”

The history of computer science began long before the modern discipline of
computer science that emerged in the 20th century.
The earliest known tool for use in computation was the abacus, developed in the
period between 2700–2300 BC in Sumer. Abacus of a more modern design are still
used as calculation tools today.
The Antikythera mechanism is believed to be the earliest known mechanical
analog computer. It was designed to calculate astronomical positions. It was
discovered in 1901 in the Antikythera wreck off the Greek island of Antikythera
dated to c. 100 BC. Technological artefacts of similar complexity did not
reappear until the 14th century, when mechanical astronomical clocks
appeared in Europe.
When John Napier discovered logarithms for computational purposes in the
early 17th century, there followed a period of considerable progress by
inventors and scientists in making calculating tools. Around 1640, Blaise
Pascal, a leading French mathematician, constructed a mechanical adding
device. Then, in 1672, Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz invented the Stepped
Reckoner which he completed in 1694.
In 1837 Charles Babbage first described his Analytical Engine which is accepted
as the first design for a modern computer. The analytical engine had expandable
memory, an arithmetic unit, and logic processing capabilities able to interpret a
programming language with loops and conditional branching. The analytical
engine, never constructed, would have had a memory capacity of less than 1
kilobyte of memory and a clock speed of less than 10 Hertz .
Considerable advancement in mathematics and electronics theory was required
before the first modern computers could be designed.

1. Are these sentences true or false?


a) The history of computer science started in the 20th century
b) The Abacus was the earliest tool in the computing world
c) After John Napier’s discoveries, there was a great development in
calculation tools.

2. Recognize and translate comparative and superlative adjectives.


Translate them.

3. Contextual reference (underlined):


a) That
b) It
c) When
d) Which
1
4. Recognize verbs in the past:
- Two sentences in active voice. Translate them in context.
- Two sentences in passive voice. Translate them in context.

5. Answer these questions IN SPANISH.


a) Why are John Napier and Blaise Pascal highly considered?
b) Why is Charles Babbage first description so important?
c) What are analog and digital machinery?

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