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Sixteen: Steel Construction

This document discusses different types of steel construction structures including trusses, decks, and plate girders. It describes various truss configurations like steel, iron, and manufactured trusses. It also covers steel decking materials and profiles. Additional structural elements presented include open web joists, light-gage steel framing, and plate girders. Emerging structural systems such as space trusses and tensegrities are also introduced. Analysis techniques like the method of sections are outlined.

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parallax1957
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149 views

Sixteen: Steel Construction

This document discusses different types of steel construction structures including trusses, decks, and plate girders. It describes various truss configurations like steel, iron, and manufactured trusses. It also covers steel decking materials and profiles. Additional structural elements presented include open web joists, light-gage steel framing, and plate girders. Emerging structural systems such as space trusses and tensegrities are also introduced. Analysis techniques like the method of sections are outlined.

Uploaded by

parallax1957
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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ARCHITECTURAL STRUCTURES:

FORM, BEHAVIOR, AND DESIGN


ARCH 331
DR. ANNE NICHOLS
SUMMER 2014
lecture
sixteen
steel construction:
trusses, decks & plate girders
Steel Trusses 1 Architectural Structures Su2014abn
Lecture 16 ARCH 331
Iron & Steel Trusses
• cast iron
– 18th century
– chain links
• wrought-iron
• rivets

http:// nisee.berkeley.edu/godden
Steel Trusses 2 Architectural Structures Su2014abn
Lecture 16 ARCH 331
Truss Connections
• gusset plates
• bolts
• welds

http://courses.civil.ualberta.ca

(AISC - Steel Structures of the Everyday)


Steel Trusses 3 Architectural Structures Su2014abn
Lecture 16 ARCH 331
Trusses http:// nisee.berkeley.edu/godden

• require lateral bracing


• consider buckling
• indeterminate trusses
– extra members
• diagonal tension counters
– solvable with statics
• cables can’t hold compression One Maritime Plaza, SOM 1964

5lb
– displacement methods E F G H

4
• elastic elongation A
B 6 C 6
D
6

– too few members, unstable


Steel Trusses 4 Architectural Structures
10lb 20lb
Su2014abn
Lecture 16 ARCH 331
Manufactured Trusses
• open web joists
• parallel chord

Steel Trusses 5 Architectural Structures Su2014abn


Lecture 16 ARCH 331
Open Web Joists
• SJI: www.steeljoist.com
• Vulcraft: www.vulcraft.com
– K Series (Standard)
• 8-30” deep, spans 8-50 ft
– LH Series (Long span)
• 18-48” deep, spans 25-96 ft
– DLH (Deep Long Spans)
• 52-72” deep, spans 89-144 ft
– SLH (Long spans with high strength steel)
• pitched top chord
• 80-120” deep, spans 111-240 ft

Steel Trusses 6 Architectural Structures Su2014abn


Lecture 16 ARCH 331
Load Tables - w

load for live load deflection


limit (L/360) in RED
total in BLACK

Steel Trusses 7 Architectural Structures Su2014abn


Lecture 16 ARCH 331
Decks
• sheet steel
• composite

Steel Trusses 8 Architectural Structures Su2014abn


Lecture 16 ARCH 331
Light-gage Steel
• sheet metal
– shaped
– studs, panels,
window frames
– gage
http:// nisee.berkeley.edu/godden
• based on weight of
41.82 lb/ft2 / inch of thickness
• 24, 22, 18, 16, i.e.
• 0.0239, 0.0329, 0.0474, 0.0598 in
• 0.6, 0.85, 1.0, 1.3, 1.6 mm
Steel Trusses 9 Architectural Structures Su2014abn
Lecture 16 ARCH 331
Steel Decks
• “Texas” style
– corrugated
• common
– 1 – 3 spans
– can be
insulated
– composite
• with concrete

Steel Trusses 10 Architectural Structures Su2014abn


Lecture 16 ARCH 331
Steel Decks
• common fire proofing
– cementitious spray
– composite concrete
• non-composite
– concrete is fill
• lateral bracing
• diaphragm
action

Steel Trusses 11 Architectural Structures Su2014abn


Lecture 16 ARCH 331
Load Tables - w
• live load
deflection limit
L/240

Steel Trusses 12 Architectural Structures Su2014abn


Lecture 16 ARCH 331
Plate Girders
• welds
• web stiffeners

http:// nisee.berkeley.edu/godden

Steel Trusses 13 Architectural Structures Su2014abn


Lecture 16 ARCH 331
Web Bearing
• max loads
Pn(max  end)  ( N  2.5k )Fy t w
Pn(max interior)  ( N  5k )Fyw t w

Steel Trusses 14 Architectural Structures Su2014abn


Lecture 16 ARCH 331
Space Trusses
• 3D with 2 force bodies and pins
– pyramid
– tetrahedron
• “frames”
have fixed
joints
• layers
• 40’s

Steel Trusses 15 Architectural Structures Su2014abn


Lecture 16 ARCH 331
Space Trusses
• connections • supports

Steel Trusses 16 Architectural Structures Su2014abn


Lecture 16 ARCH 331
Space Trusses

http:// nisee.berkeley.edu/godden

Steel Trusses 17 Architectural Structures Su2014abn


Lecture 16 ARCH 331
Space Trusses

http:// nisee.berkeley.edu/godden
Steel Trusses 18 Architectural Structures Su2014abn
Lecture 16 ARCH 331
Tensegrities
• 3D frame
• discontinuous struts
• continuous cables

Free Ride Home – Kenneth Snelson

Steel Trusses 19 Architectural Structures Su2014abn


Lecture 16 ARCH 331
Method of Sections
• relies on internal forces being in
equilibrium on a section
• cut to expose 3 or less members
• coplanar forces  M = 0 too
P P
C
AC
F D
A E B .
A AB
By

Steel Trusses 20 Architectural Structures Su2014abn


Lecture 16 ARCH 331
Method of Sections
• joints on or off the section are good to
sum moments
• quick for few members
• not always obvious where to cut or sum
P P .
C
AC
F D
A E B . B
A AB
By

Steel Trusses 21 Architectural Structures Su2014abn


Lecture 16 ARCH 331

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