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Department of Electrical Engineering, IIT Madras EE419: Digital Communication Systems

This document contains a 6 question exam on digital communication systems for the Department of Electrical Engineering at IIT Madras. The questions cover topics such as: [1] raised cosine pulses, OFDM, channel coding, and timing recovery techniques; [2] modeling pulse shaping filters and phase splitters in digital modulation; [3] designing signal constellations and detectors for symbol transmission; [4] deriving zero-forcing and MMSE decision feedback equalizers; [5] deriving MMSE and zero-forcing linear equalizers; and [6] designing a front-end whitened matched filter and zero-forcing linear equalizer for an intersymbol interference channel. Students are instructed to show their work and provide brief

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Salai Jeyaseelan
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110 views

Department of Electrical Engineering, IIT Madras EE419: Digital Communication Systems

This document contains a 6 question exam on digital communication systems for the Department of Electrical Engineering at IIT Madras. The questions cover topics such as: [1] raised cosine pulses, OFDM, channel coding, and timing recovery techniques; [2] modeling pulse shaping filters and phase splitters in digital modulation; [3] designing signal constellations and detectors for symbol transmission; [4] deriving zero-forcing and MMSE decision feedback equalizers; [5] deriving MMSE and zero-forcing linear equalizers; and [6] designing a front-end whitened matched filter and zero-forcing linear equalizer for an intersymbol interference channel. Students are instructed to show their work and provide brief

Uploaded by

Salai Jeyaseelan
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Department of Electrical Engineering, IIT Madras

EE419: Digital Communication Systems


Date: Nov 20, 2008 6 Questions, 6 Pages Time: 3 hours
Write your important steps and answers in the space provided. Continue writing on
other side of paper, if necessary.
RollNo.: Name:

1. Answer each of the following questions. Write in the prescribed places only and
be as brief and as specific as possible.
(a) Why are raised cosine pulses used in digital communication systems?
i.
ii.
(b) Why is OFDM popular in digital communication systems?
i.
ii.
(c) Why is channel coding used in digital communication systems?
i.
ii.
(d) Why are fractionally spaced equalizers used in digital communication sys-
tems?
i.
ii.
(e) Name two methods used for timing recovery in digital communication sys-
tems.
i.
ii.
2. Consider the transmitter shown below with the transmit filter response to the
right.
e j2π f c t g(t)
2
s[k] x (t)
g(t) Re{·}
X

0 t
r (t) Phase T 2T 3T
Splitter
-1
1 3
Assume a symbol rate of and carrier frequency f c = . Let X = {1, −1, j, − j}
T T
and consider the transmission of the three-symbol sequence s[k] = {1, − j, j}.
The phase splitter nulls all negative frequencies in the signal. (continued in next
page)
Make plots of the real and imaginary parts of x (t) and r (t) in the graphs below.
Re{ x (t)} Im{ x (t)}

2 2

1 1

t t
0 T 2T 3T 4T 5T 0 T 2T 3T 4T 5T

-1 -1

-2 -2

Re{r (t)} Im{r (t)}

2 2

1 1

t t
0 T 2T 3T 4T 5T 0 T 2T 3T 4T 5T

-1 -1

-2 -2
3. A communication system sends four uniformly likely symbols s = 0, 1, 2, 3 using
the four signals
xs (t) = sin(2πt + sπ/2), 0 ≤ t ≤ 1,
at a rate of 1 symbol/second.

(a) Determine a basis and draw a signal constellation.


(b) Derive optimal hard and soft detectors for the symbols.
(c) Determine the probability of symbol error.
4. Consider the general ISI model shown below.

n[k], PSD= Sn (z)

s[k] b[k] z[k]


H (z) +
X

Let X = {−1, 1}, H (z) = (1 − 2z−1 )(1 − 2z) and Sn (z) = 1.

(a) Determine the precursor and postcursor filters for the unconstrained ZF-
DFE and find its MSE.
(b) Determine the precursor and postcursor filters for the unconstrained MMSE-
DFE and find its MSE.
5. Consider the general ISI model shown below.

n[k], PSD= Sn (z)

s[k] b[k] z[k]


H (z) +
X

Let X = {−1, 1}, H (z) = (1 − 2z−1 )(1 − 2z) and Sn (z) = 1.

(a) Derive the MMSE-LE C (z) = c−1 z + c0 + c1 z−1 and find its MSE.
(b) Derive a ZF-LE C (z) = c−1 z + c0 + c1 z−1 and find its MSE.
6. Consider a communication system model shown below operating at a symbol
rate of 1/T symbols per second. Assume X = {−1, 1} and data symbols are

n(t)

s[k] Transmit filter x (t) Channel y(t) r (t)


+
X g(t) c(t)

equally likely. The transmit filter is g(t) = 1 for 0 ≤ t ≤ T and zero outside. The
channel response is given by c(t) = δ(t) + 0.5δ(t − τ ) i.e. y(t) = x (t) + 0.5x (t −
τ ), where 0 ≤ τ ≤ T. The noise n(t) is WGN with PSD 0.1.

(a) Determine the whitened matched filter front-end and the equivalent discrete-
time minimum phase channel.
(b) Design the unconstrained ZF-LE for the discrete-time equivalent channel.
Compute the MSE.

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