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Central Plant: Series Chillers Arrangement

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13 views

Central Plant: Series Chillers Arrangement

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Qdlm Knoc
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© © All Rights Reserved
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Chapter 3.

fm Page 17 Monday, July 29, 2013 2:58 PM

© ASHRAE (www.ashrae.org). For personal use only. Additional reproduction, distribution, or


transmission in either print or digital form is not permitted without ASHRAE’s prior written permission.

3 · Central Plant

Figure 3.14 Parallel chillers with individual pumping for each chiller.

Figure 3.15 Parallel chiller arrangement with headered constant-speed pumping.

Series Chillers Arrangement


To improve chiller performance, chillers may be arranged in-series such that two chillers
form a single module. The CHW return will enter the upsteam chiller in the module to be
cooled prior to entering the downstream chiller. The condenser water will start with the
downstream chiller then continue to the upstream chiller for series counterflow configuration
or alternatively each chiller will have its own condenser circuit, refer to Figures 3.17 to 3.18.
The advantage of the series arrangement over the parallel arrangement is the
increased overall chiller-module efficiency, especially where large CHW Ts are used.
However, other plant components such as primary pumps and condenser pumps might
have higher-power consumption since the combined chiller pressure requirements at the
combined series chillers flows must be considered. Thus, total plant energy consumption,
taking into consideration the chiller-loading percentages according to load profile and the
energy wastages due to pumping energy, has to be evaluated for any efficiency gains. Due
to higher pump head in series chiller arrangement, chillers should be a single pass type to
mitigate the higher pump head.

3.17

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