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BAB III Gearbox Avanza

This document discusses the gearbox design of a Toyota vehicle. It includes: 1. Calculations of gear ratios between the main shaft and counter shaft gears. Gear ratios are defined as the ratio of rotations between an input and output gear of different sizes. 2. The gear ratios calculated for the 6 forward gears and reverse gear, ranging from 0.851 to 4.743. 3. Conclusions that the transmission system uses a front-engine, rear-wheel drive configuration with a manual transmission containing various components like gears, shafts and shifting mechanisms.

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783 views11 pages

BAB III Gearbox Avanza

This document discusses the gearbox design of a Toyota vehicle. It includes: 1. Calculations of gear ratios between the main shaft and counter shaft gears. Gear ratios are defined as the ratio of rotations between an input and output gear of different sizes. 2. The gear ratios calculated for the 6 forward gears and reverse gear, ranging from 0.851 to 4.743. 3. Conclusions that the transmission system uses a front-engine, rear-wheel drive configuration with a manual transmission containing various components like gears, shafts and shifting mechanisms.

Uploaded by

Candra Budi
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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BAB III

PERANCANGAN GEAR BOX

3.1 Perhitungan rasio gear

Perbandingan roda gigi pada tiap kecepatan dapat dihitung dengan menghitung

jumlah gigi dari dua pasang roda gigi antara roda gigi main shaft dengan roda gigi

counter shaft. Perbandingan roda gigi dan putaran output shaft tiap tingkat kecepatan

pada mobil Toyota Avanza dapat dihitung sebagai berikut:

Keterangan:

Z1 Z2 Z3 Z4 Z5
Z6

Z12
Z13
Z8
Z9 Z10 Z11
Z7
Z1 = 27 Z8 = 31
Z2 = 26 Z9 = 21
Z3 = 27 Z10 = 14
Z4 = 33 Z11 = 13
Z5 = 37 Z12 = 29
Z6 = 24 Z13 = 47
Z7 = 45

Gambar 3.47. Susunan roda gigi pada transmisi


(Toyota Training Center, 1999: 4)
Perbandingan roda gigi dalam suatu kombinasi dapat dinyatakan pada rumus kombinasi

gear ratio sebagai berikut :

Perbandingan roda gigi gerak maju (1)

B D
Gear ratio maju (Grmaju) = x
A C

Perbandingan roda gigi reverse (2)

Z 7 Z 12 Z 5
Gear Ratio Reverse (Grrev) = x x
A Z 11 Z 12

Z 7 Z5
= x
Z 1 Z 11

Putaran outpout shaft (rpm)

n 1d 1
n2 =
d2

n1 = rpm input

n1 = rpm input

n2 = rpm output

d1 = jumlah gigi yang memutar

d2 = jumlah gigi yang diputar


Gambar perbandingan gear ratio maju

Kecepatan gigi 1
Z7 Z4
Gear ratio 1 (GR1) = x
Z 1 Z 10
45 33
= x = 3,92
27 14

n 1d 1
Rpm 1 n2 =
d2

100 x 27
=
45
2700
=
45

= 60 rpm

n3d3
n4 =
d4

60 x 14
=
33

840
=
33

= 25,45 rpm

n1
Ratio putaran =
n4
100
=
25,45
3,92
=
1
= 3,92 : 1

Kecepatan gigi 2

Z7 Z3
Gear ratio 2 (GR2) = x
Z1 Z9

45 27
= x = 2,1
27 21

n 1d 1
Rpm 2 n2 =
d2

100 x 27
=
45

2700
=
45

= 60 rpm

n3d3
n4 =
d4

60 x 21
=
27

1260
=
27

= 46,66 rpm

n1
Rasio putaran =
n4

100
=
46,66
2,1
=
1

= 2,1 : 1

Z7 Z2
Gear ratio 3 (GR3) = x
Z1 Z8

45 26
= x = 1,39
27 31

n 1d 1
Rpm3 n2 =
d2

100 x 27
=
45

2700
=
45

= 60 rpm

n3d3
n4 =
d4
60 x 31
=
26
1860
=
26

= 71,53 rpm

n1
Rasio putaran =
n4

100
=
71,53

1,39
=
1

= 1,39 : 1

Kecepatan gigi 4
Z7 Z1
Gear ratio 4 (GR 4) = x
Z1 Z7

45 27
= x =1
27 45

n 1d 1
Rpm 4 n2 =
d2
100 x 27
=
45

2700
=
45

= 60 rpm

n3d3
n4 =
d4
60 x 45
=
27
2700
=
27
= 100 rpm

n1
Rasio putaran =
n4

100
=
100

1
=
1

= 1:1

Kecepatan gigi 5

Z7 Z6
Gear ratio 5 (GR5) = x
Z 1 Z 13

45 24
= x = 0,851
27 47
n 1d 1
Rpm 5 n2 =
d2

100 x 27
=
45

2700
=
45

= 60 rpm

n3d3
n4 =
d4

60 x 47
=
24

2820
=
24

= 117,5 rpm

n1
Rasio putaran =
n4

100
=
117,5

0,851
=
1

= 0,851 : 1

Kecepatan gigi reverse

Z 7 Z 12 Z 5
Gear ratio reverse (Grrev) = x x
Z 1 Z 11 Z 12
45 29 37
= x x
27 13 29

45 37
= x = 4,743
27 13

n 1d 1
Rpm rev n2 =
d2

100 x 27
=
45

2700
= = 60 rpm
45

n3d3
n4 =
d4
60 x 13
=
29
780
=
29
= 26,89 rpm
n4 d4
n5 =
d5
26,89 x 29
=
37

= 21,07 rpm

n1
Raisio putaran =
n5

100
=
21,07

4,743
=
1

= 4,743 : 1
Kecepatan gigi Perbandingan
gigi
Gigi 1 3,92
Gigi 2 2,1
Gigi 3 1,397
Gigi 4 1
Gigi 5 0,851
Gigi reverse 4,743
BAB IV

PENUTUP

A. SIMPULAN

1. Transmisi Toyota Kijang Innova tipe G menggunakan sistem mesin depan


penggerak roda belakang dan komponen transmisi manual terdiri dari beberapa
bagian yaitu transmision case, main shaft, gear shift control mechanism, extention
housing. Bagian–bagian dari transmisi jenis syncromesh ini adalah cluth hub, hub
sleeve, syncromesh ring, shifting key.

2. Gear ratio dapat di definisikan sebagai perbandingan antara jumlah putaran yang
dihasilkan oleh gear input (drive gear) terhadap jumlah putaran gear output
(driven gear) yang berbeda ukuran, jika gear input berputar sebanyak 3 putaran,
sedangkan gear output berputar sebanyak 1 putaran, maka gear rationya adalah
3:1. Hasil perhitungan perbandingan gigi yang sudah dilaksanakan adalah
perbandingan tertinggi pada gigi percepatan terdapat pada reverse gear(mundur)
dengan perbandingan 4,743. Sedangakan perbandingan terkecil terdapat pada gigi
percepatan 5 dengan perbandingan gigi 0,851.
DAFTAR PUSTAKA

Anonim, 2000, Workshop Manual Toyota Motors Limitied, Jakarta : PT. Toyota Motor
Indonesia.

Anonim, 1999, Daihatsu Training Center, Jakarta: PT. Daihatsu Astra Motor.

Eriyanto, Aditya, 2005, Analisis Sistem Transmisi Manual Pada Mitsubishi L 300
(Tugas Akhir DIII), Progam Studi Teknik Mesin FT Universitas Negeri
Semarang.

Widhiatmoko, Fajar, 2012, Transmisi Isuzu Panther tipe HI – GRADE (Tugas Akhir DIII),
Progam Studi Teknik Mesin FT Universitas Negeri Semarang.

Anonim, “Hyundai Training Manual”. 8 September 2012.


http://www.autorepairmanuals.ws/threads/hyundai-training-hyundai-i30-
workshop-manual.195/

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