GUJARAT TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY

Affiliated

GUJARAT POWER ENGINEERING AND RESEARCH

INSTITUTE

A Report On

“Effluent Treatment Using Biodegradable Material”

Under the subject of Design Engineering – IIB

B.E.III, Semester-6
(Department of Civil Engineering)
2021-2022
Submitted By
Team ID - 300975
Internal Guide
Prof. Gaurav Vyas
Prof. Sadanand Sahu

NAME ENROLLMENT NO.

PATEL UTSAV N. 191043106012
PRAJAPATI DHRUV A. 191043106014
JOSHI PRAVIN T. 191043106017
MISTRI ROHAN V. 191043106018
PANCHAL PRIYAM R. 191043106019
 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

We would like to express our special Thanks To Our Guide Prof. Sadanand Sahu &
Prof.Gaurav Vyas helped us in gaining knowledge about many things while doing
our project.\

Our special gratitude is extended to the head of the department Prof. Sadanad Sahu
and the faculty Of Environmental engineering department Prof Dr.Pranav
Bhangaokarfor helping us.

Our gratefulness to one And all who are directly or indirectly involved in the
completion of our project work.

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 ABSTRACT

The main objective of this project is effluent treated by using biodegradable material
and particulate matter for the particular industry. In the following to know the
advantages and limitation of the model we are working on.

This project will help the users to convert effluent water into fresh water. Its main
aim is to reduce the Toxic Elements, Salts, TDS, and TSS from the wastewater and
provides a freshwater to users and also provides an eco-friendly and pollution free
environment.

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Table of Contents
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT........................................................................................................................................ i
ABSTRACT .......................................................................................................................................................... ii
1. INTRODUCTION .............................................................................................................................................1
1.1What is Design Thinking?........................................................................................................................1
1.1.1. Importance of design thinking and socioeconomic relevance ...................................................2
1.1.2. Team building and its importance ................................................................................................2
1.1.3. Importance of a log book exercises ..............................................................................................2
1.1.4.Learning Tools .................................................................................................................................2
2.AEIOU SHEET ..................................................................................................................................................3
• Activities.................................................................................................................................................3
• Environment ..........................................................................................................................................3
• Observations......................................................................................................................................3
• Elements Features ............................................................................................................................3
➢ Interactions............................................................................................................................................3
• Observation .......................................................................................................................................3
• Elements Features ............................................................................................................................4
➢ Objects ...................................................................................................................................................4
• Observations......................................................................................................................................4
• Elements Features ............................................................................................................................4
➢ Users ......................................................................................................................................................4
• Observations......................................................................................................................................4
• Elements Features ............................................................................................................................4
• Feedback analysis.............................................................................................................................5
• Summary about Project ....................................................................................................................5
• Summary of learning from Reverse Engineering ............................................................................5
Fig 1. AEIOU Can ...........................................................................................................................................6
2. EMPATHY CANVAS ........................................................................................................................................7
➢ User ........................................................................................................................................................7
➢ Stake holders ........................................................................................................................................7
➢ Activities.................................................................................................................................................7
• Happy Story .......................................................................................................................................7
• Happy Story .......................................................................................................................................7
• Sad story ............................................................................................................................................8

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 • Sad story ............................................................................................................................................8
Fig 2.Empathy Canvas ..................................................................................................................................8
3. PRODUCT DEVELOPMENT CANVAS .............................................................................................................9
➢ Purpose ..................................................................................................................................................9
➢ People ....................................................................................................................................................9
➢ Product experience ...............................................................................................................................9
➢ Product functions ..................................................................................................................................9
➢ Product features....................................................................................................................................9
➢ Components ....................................................................................................................................... 10
Fig 3.Product Development Canvas.......................................................................................................... 10
4. IDEATION CANVAS...................................................................................................................................... 11
➢ People ................................................................................................................................................. 11
➢ Activities.............................................................................................................................................. 11
➢ Situation/context/location ................................................................................................................ 11
➢ Props/possible solutions ................................................................................................................... 11
Fig 4. Ideation canvas ................................................................................................................................ 12
5. MIND MAPPING .......................................................................................................................................... 13
➢ Uses .................................................................................................................................................... 13
➢ Customer Revalidation ...................................................................................................................... 13
Fig 5.Mind Mapping Canvas ...................................................................................................................... 14
6. LEARNING NEED MATRIX....................................................................................................................... 15
➢ Purpose/product concept.............................................................................................................. 15
➢ During stage-1 ................................................................................................................................ 15
➢ During stage-2 ................................................................................................................................ 16
Fig 6. LNM Canvas ..................................................................................................................................... 16
7. PROTOTYPE............................................................................................................................................. 17
FIG 7. PROTOTYPE...................................................................................................................................... 17
8.REFRENCES................................................................................................................................................. 18

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1. INTRODUCTION
Everyone needs water. Supplies of water are vital for agriculture, industry, recreation
and Human consumption. One problem that the water industry faces is disposal of
concentrate from advanced water treatment processes. This report discusses Influent
treatment process one possible solution to concentrate disposal.

Waters required in several fundamental process operations such scrubbing,

extraction, steam generation etc.'4] Advantages and disadvantages of influent
treatment process are currently being seriously considered and discussed. Influent
treatment process minimizes the Consumption of fresh water to that of make-up;
therefore’ it should help relieve freshwater availability limitations in places where it
is scarce or expensive.'' Purchased water, and wastewater treatment and disposal
coast can significant; thus, saving associated with minimized site makeup water and
waste water flows can justify capital expenditures to minimize, if not completely
eliminated, wastewater flows.'4 Influent treatment process can save money on real-
estate costs in the case of new facility construction, since location near a suitable
receiving waterway would Not necessary.

On the other hand, sometimes the disadvantages of implementing influent treatment

process Include higher cost due to treatment of water to the extent it is suitable for
reuse, or higher Capital cost in retrofit projects due to large scale restructuring of
piping and the arrangement of the disposal of the solid waste generated.

Some of methodologies and compare their results that can apply to the influent
treatment Process or at cast decrease the amount of liquid.

1.1What is Design Thinking?

A method of problem of waste water treatment. In this method the reduce the
influent of waste water. In this method we connected the solution of the waste
water treatment process.

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1.1.1. Importance of design thinking and socioeconomic relevance

The ultimate goal of design thinking is not merely making things that people enjoy or
creating awareness of the company. When design creates feelings of empowerment,
people are eager to share their experience with outlets. This cycle is essential for
generating demand viral and building brand loyalty.

1.1.2. Team building and its importance

Team building is an ongoing process that helps a work group evolve into a
cohesive unit. The team members not only share expectations for accomplishing
group tasks, but trusts and support one another and respect one an other's
individual differences.

This subject taught us to work in a group, to understand each other’s weak point
as well as strong point. As we work in a group or a team all wants their project to
be best hence, all focuses on project. Hence it teaches us to how to compete with
other team than with individual. There are many members in group hence all the
minds have different ideas and creativity which give out a best possible result.
1.1.3. Importance of a log book exercises

This exercise is important because everyone wants their canvas to be perfect and
neat and tidy so by using log books we can make first a rough idea of sheet which
helps us to keep our canvas clean and also we can make changes in log books
which we cannot do in canvas.
1.1.4.Learning Tools

The tools involve in Design engineering process are,

1. Log book exercise
2. Group discussion onInternet
3. Faculties guidance
4. AEIOU canvas
5. Empathy Mapping canvas
6. Mind Mapping canva
7. Product development canvas
8. Ideation canvas

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2.AEIOU SHEET
1. t is commonly used for coding observational data.
2. Organizational framework help designers to capture key
3. Details in observation and AEIOU is very easy mnemonic
4. Device to remember what to look for and write down.

• Activities

1. Literature survey on Bio-degradable material,

2. Analysis of effluent.
3. Elements Features Utilization of waste particulate matter to reduce color and
odour.
4. Utilization of waste Bio-degradable material to reduce TDS, TSS.

• Environment

• Observations

1. Maximum Reuse of water,

2. Eco-friendly system,
3. Analysis of various component of water.

• Elements Features

1. Not affect to eco cycle & bio-logical cycle,

2. Minimize the effect of water due to water problem.

➢ Interactions

• Observation

1. In between Student & Guide

2. In between Student & Industry
3. In between Student, Guide & Industry
4. In between group members
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• Elements Features
1. Guidance, advice
2. new ideas, more knowledge about topic.

➢ Objects
• Observations

1. Mesh
2. Filter Paper
3. Packed bed column
4. Bio-degradable material
5. Particular matter
6. TDS meter
7. PH meter
8. funnels
9. Stands

• Elements Features

1. To pass the effluent through the filter paper,

2. filter made by bio degrade Material

➢ Users
• Observations

1. Industries - Reduce cost of water treatment

2. Government - Increase economy

• Elements Features

1. Varies type of industries

2. Government treatment plants
3. CETP (Common effluent treatment plant)

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• Feedback analysis

When the project was implemented it was found that the use of
This process in industry is very low so most of industry
Discharge waste water as well as or for treatment to send other
Treatment plant because this process is very costly. The use of
This process is increase then the use of fresh water decrease and
5. The water source in environment is as well as.

• Summary about Project

This is a project based on the recycling or reuse of waste water.

But the process is required more cost? So most up small
Industry not acceptable this process but the some technical
Modification required for this project for decrease the operating
Cost by the some engineer and technician.

• Summary of learning from Reverse Engineering

Due to reverse engineering we came across a major problem of

Our product i.e. The proper modification is required. And we
Use the coconut shell for the filtration process involving
Absorption process', So not more removing the waste from the
Effluent. So industry is not accept the project, we came to know
from reverses engineering. Solution of the entire problem and a
Way to overcome its limitations.

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Fig 1. AEIOU Can

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2. EMPATHY CANVAS
These are the second step of the project or problem. In this canvas, you have to
find out what are users to your problems? Who are stakeholders? What are the
activities and what are broad stories of their activities

➢ User

1. Dyeing Industries
2. Textile Industries
3. Process Industries

➢ Stake holders

1. Industries
2. Government
3. Environmental Engineer

➢ Activities

1. Selection of topic
2. Selection of Industrial Effluent
3. Analysis Of Effluent
4. CETP (Common effluent treatment plant)
5. Literature Survey on absorption material
6. Literature Survey on Bio-degrade Material.

• Happy Story

Treating waste water we can reuse. It in process industry for various purpose like
using water in boiler and cooling tower. Treating water we can use in some process
and this water is very use to clean tank and many processing equipment.

• Happy Story

For treatment of waste water we will use Bio-degrade materials and fly ash. Bio-
degradable material is eco-friendly and fly ash is waste product treating waste water
we can use as Instead of pure water and after this process we can get pure water. So
reduce the pollution of water by industry effluent.

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• Sad story

In process industry further modification is required in effluent treatment plant. So

cost of Treatment plant is increased. Small industry is not accept this treatment
process because this is very costly.

• Sad story

Proper designing and optimization is not carry out at initial stage for space and
process time.So some industry is not accept.3] Developers and designer is trying hard
to bring down capital cost and take needed electricity.

Fig 2.Empathy Canvas

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3. PRODUCT DEVELOPMENT CANVAS
This step is about development of the product. Define purpose. What is the
experience when you compare it with other product, Problems for its application and
its solution? What are the components used for its model. Following things is to do.

➢ Purpose

1. Reduce the waste water load on ETP.

2. Maximize the use of waste water in plant itself or Gardening.
3. Reduce the use of fresh water in industry.

➢ People

1. Process Designer
2. Engineers
3. Lab Technician

➢ Product experience
1. Primary experiment is going on.
2. Experience share after some Modification.

➢ Product functions

1. Possible removal of color and odor.

2. Removal of TDS, TSS)

➢ Product features

1. Utilization of waste particulate matter to

2. Reduce color and odor
3. Utilization of waste bio-degradable
4. material to reduce TDS, TSS

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➢ Components

1. Mesh
2. Filter Paper
3. Packed bed column
4. Bio-degradable material
5. Particular matter
6. TDS meter
7. PH meter
8. Calorimeter
9. funnels
10. Stands

Fig 3.Product Development Canvas

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4. IDEATION CANVAS
From the Empathy mapping canvas, you have an idea what are the people
involved in this project in ideation canvas, you have to carry out, which type of
activities is related to your project and people what is situation and location
regarding to activities, then after you find the possible solutions. It is depend or
not depend to your activities.
➢ People

1. Process Designer
2. Engineer
3. Lab. Technician

➢ Activities

1. Selection of Industry
2. Characterization of industrial effluent
3. Literature Survey on absorption material
4. Literature Survey on bio-degradable material

➢ Situation/context/location

1. Reduce the TDS, TSS

2. Reduce the odor and color
3. Improve the water Quality
4. Reuse of water
5. Recycle of Industrial discharge

➢ Props/possible solutions

1. Mesh
2. Filter Paper
3. Packed bed column
4. Bio-degradable material
5. ) Funnel and Stand
6. TDS, PH meter
7. Chemicals
8. Waste Water Sample

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Fig 4. Ideation canvas

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5. MIND MAPPING
Graphical technique for visualizing connections between several ideas or
pieces of information. Each idea or fact is written down and they linked by
lines or curves to its major or minor idea or fact, thus creating a web of
relationships.

There are mainly 5 things you have to define,

➢ Uses

i. Dyeing Industries
ii. Textile Industries
iii. CETP (Common effluent treatment plant)
iv. Process Industries

• Advantages

1. Treating wastewater reuse in process Industry for different Propose

2. Eco logical Process
3. Water use for boiler cooling process

• Disadvantages

1. In process further modification is required

2. Cost of treatment plant is more required
3. More electricity required

➢ Customer Revalidation

1. In Dying industry waste water load is higher so modification is required.

2. After modification water Quality is checked.
3. Feasibility and cost also consider for further revalidation.

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Fig 5.Mind Mapping Canvas

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6. LEARNING NEED MATRIX
Learning need matrix has a fundamental role in education. It helps you to find
out which Method theories you need to learn, which application process is
involved. What are the component used in the product and analysis of each and
every individual components and the environment required for its working.

There are 3 stages in which the learning process is divided.

➢ Purpose/product concept

1. Reduce the waste water load on ETP.

2. Maximize the use of waste water in plant itself or Gardening.
3. Reduce the use of fresh water in industry.

➢ During stage-1

• Basic idea and the use of the biodegradable matter to produce the fresh water.
• Different drawbacks we have deal with are listed below;

a. In India, most of industry is carried do not this effluent treatment process

and directly discharge of effluent into river.
b. Most industry is carried mineral water from the river due to the cost and
Employment of this process

• For the above mentioned challenges the solutions we have opted for are;

a. We are making the basis model for the step effluent treatment process by
use of biodegradable matter. It is very suited for the effluent treatment
process.
b. This process is required less cost more efficient for the recycle of waste
water.

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➢ During stage-2

• Basic equations of mathematics for the known the value of the impurities in
the effluents.

• To find out the basic theorises behind the processes and knowing about that
Theorises.

• Fetching some research papers and find out the mathematically relationship in
Each other.

• Searching new material for the use as the adsorption material and filter media.

Fig 6. LNM Canvas

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7. PROTOTYPE

FIG 7. PROTOTYPE

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8.REFRENCES
1. Water Supply Engineering 2nd Edition, authored by Dr. B. C. Punmia

2. http://web.iitd.ac.in/~arunku/files/CVL100_Y16/Lecture%201%20ETP%20Te
xtile_verII.pdf

3. https://www.wwdmag.com/wastewater-treatment/what-effluent

4. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Teamwork

5. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reverse_engineering

6. Scanned sheets thrugh camera and scanning software

7. Prototype drafting in AutoCAD 2016

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