Inside Listening and Speaking 3

Unit 8 Answer Key

Psychology

Listening

VOCABULARY ACTIVITIES

Page 86
A. Use the target words, or forms of them, from the Word Form Chart to
complete the paragraph.
1. imply
2. taped
3. registered
4. attributed
5. gender
6. valid
7. license
8. excludes

Page 87
B. Which of the following are valid or invalid things to consider when you are
looking for a new apartment? Write V (valid) or I (invalid).
Answers will vary. Possible answers below.
1. V
2. V
3. V
4. I
5. V
6. I
7. I
8. V

Page 87
C. Read the sentences. Write the correct part of speech for the bold word in
each sentence.
1. verb
2. noun
3. verb
4. adjective
5. adjective
6. noun

LISTEN FOR MAIN IDEAS

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 Inside Listening and Speaking 3
Unit 8 Answer Key

Page 88
Mark each sentence as T (true) or F (false). Work with a partner. Restate false
sentences to make them correct.
1. F; The speaker talks about how gossip can be helpful.
2. T
3. F; The senior leader is gossiping to teach the new team member about
appropriate and professional behavior at work.
4. F; Gossiping is very common.
5. T

LISTENING SKILL

Page 89
Apply A. Take turns with a partner reading the following sentences aloud.
Decide whether each sentence gives a fact (F) or an opinion (O).
1. O
2. F
3. F
4. O
5. F
6. O

Page 89
Apply C. Listen to the audio about gossip again. Write down two opinions that
you hear. Which word in the sentence lets you know it is an opinion?
Answers will vary. Possible answers below.
It's such a good example of why gossip is useful . . .
I think they worked for an advertising company.

Page 89
Apply D. Go online to listen to a clip from the audio. List at least three facts and
three opinions that you hear.
Answers will vary. Possible answers below.
Facts:
People pass down rules of behavior through gossip.
Gossip lets people know the rules of group membership.
The senior leader was describing unacceptable behavior to the new employee.

Opinion:
Many people believe that gossip is always harmful . . .
. . . you should not act like Nadia.
Gossip based on true information is actually more useful than it is hurtful.

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 Inside Listening and Speaking 3
Unit 8 Answer Key

Speaking

VOCABULARY ACTIVITIES

Page 90
A. Put each word in the box in the correct column, based on the target word for
which it is a synonym.
initiate: launch, establish, set up
relevant: connected, pertinent, related, linked
statistic: fact, figure, information, number
ultimate: concluding, final, key, optimum

Page 90
B. Decide whether each item is a philosophy or a theory. Write P (philosophy)
or T (theory) next to each item.
1. P
2. T
3. T
4. T
5. P

Page 91
C. Use the target words, or forms of them, from the Word Form Chart to
complete the sentences.
1. irrelevant
2. initiative
3. initiate
4. relevance
5. relevant
6. initiated

Page 91
D. What might be the ultimate goal for people in each of the following
professions? Make a list.
1. to write a book, to publish a book
2. to create a new machine
3. to have a successful surgery
4. to get a lead role
5. to build their dream building
6. to see their kids successful
7. to sell their paintings
8. to discover a new plant or animal
9. to go to the Olympics

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 Inside Listening and Speaking 3
Unit 8 Answer Key

LISTEN FOR MAIN IDEAS

Page 92
Read the questions about the audio. Work with a partner to ask and answer
these questions.
1. Gossip is necessary for building reputations.
2. A reputation tells where you fit in with a group.
3. No. It usually takes many pieces of information to change someone's impression
of an individual or group.
4. Gossip helps people identify with groups and make decisions.

PRESENTATION SKILL

Page 93
Apply A. Work with a partner. For each item, combine the information into a
quote or paraphrase.
1. The work of Dr. Flores and Dr. Haviland indicates that gossip can make people feel
more connected to their close friends.
According to Dr. Flores and Dr. Haviland, “gossip can make people feel more
connected to their close friends.”
2. Kenneth Mitchell notes that some teenagers report feeling very unhappy after
using social media for several hours.
According to Kenneth Mitchell, "some teenagers report feeling very unhappy
after using social media for several hours."
3. According to Patricia Acs, "gossiping about celebrities is a way to see if someone
shares your interests."
Research by Patricia Acs suggests that gossiping about celebrities is a way to see
if someone shares your interests.
4. According to researchers at the Morita Institute, "people are more likely to
believe information in gossip magazines than events they saw with their own
eyes."
Researchers at the Morita Institute conclude that people are more likely to
believe information in gossip magazines than events they saw with their own
eyes."
5. Psychologist Richard Wood found that people bond over negative gossip,
especially about sports and work.
According to Richard Wood, "people bond over negative gossip, especially about
sports and work."

Page 93
Apply B. Go online to listen to three audio clips from the guest lecturer. Write
the citations you hear.
1. According to Dr. Mona Cates, a professor of philosophy and social science,
"reputation also helps to exclude people from certain groups."

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 Inside Listening and Speaking 3
Unit 8 Answer Key

2. Research by Dr. Dorothy Holman suggests that the quantity, or amount, of gossip
is important as well.
3. In fact, a study initiated by Dr. Larry Coleman and Dr. Mei Ling shows that a single
piece of gossip alone wasn't enough to sway one person's opinion of someone
else.

PRONUNCIATION SKILL

Page 94
Apply A. Go online to listen to the students again. Write their conversation.
Use the full forms of the verbs.
A: You’re not going to believe what happened to John! He’s on academic probation!
B: What? How did that happen? He used to be such a good student.
A: I don't know. But he hasn't been showing up for classes or turning in any work. I
have to wonder if something crazy is happening in his personal life.
B: Oh. I hope he's OK. But does that mean he’s going to flunk out?
A: No. At least not yet. He’s got one semester to get his grades up.
B: Wow. That has to hurt! And he's supposed to be graduating in June.
A: I don't see how! He’s so far behind in his classes.
B: And didn’t he want to go to graduate school in the fall?
A: Well, if he does, he ought to be spending all of his time in the library.
B: No kidding. Speaking of the library, I should go. I’ve got to study for a test.
A: And I have to meet my study partner. She wants to go over the Psych notes.
B: Well, OK then. Catch you later.
A: Bye!

Page 94
Apply B. Look at your conversation from Apply, activity A. Write the reduced
verb forms next to the full forms.
A: You’re not going to [gonna] believe what happened to John! He’s on academic
probation!
B: What? How did that happen? He used to[usta] be such a good student.
A: I don't know. But he hasn't been showing up for classes or turning in any work. I
have to[hafta] wonder if something crazy is happening in his personal life.
B: Oh. I hope he's OK. But does that mean he’s going to[gonna] flunk out?
A: No. At least not yet. He’s got one semester to get his grades up.
B: Wow. That has to hurt! And he's supposed to[supposta] be graduating in June.
A: I don't see how! He’s so far behind in his classes.
B: And didn’t he want to[wanna]go to graduate school in the fall?
A: Well, if he does, he ought to[oughta] be spending all of his time in the library.
B: No kidding. Speaking of the library, I should go. I’ve got to[gotta] study for a test.
A: And I have to[hafta] meet my study partner. She wants to[wansta] go over the
Psych notes.

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 Inside Listening and Speaking 3
Unit 8 Answer Key

B: Well, OK then. Catch you later.

A: Bye!

END OF UNIT TASK

Page 95
D. Listen again to the persuasive statements. This time, complete the citations.
According to research by Dr. Anna Lin, the number of hours of sunshine in a day has a
direct relationship to how happy someone feels. She studied participants' moods
over two months. To quote Dr. Lin, "People who lived in sunnier climates reported
feeling happier overall."
The work of another author, Sam Dubois, indicates that rain actually does depress
mood. According to Dubois, high humidity, or rain, is linked to a lack of energy and a
lack of affection.
In a study of the effect of weather on mood, Dr. Jan Kemp from Humboldt University
in Germany studied more than a thousand participants and found very little
connection between their moods and the weather.

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