http://www.biseriapuneet.

com/topics/communication-skills/3-reading
everything about reading by puneet biseria

Readi
ng (A Complete Man)
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Reading (or STUDYING) is usually associated to securing good marks. But let me
ask you a very simple question. There are people who read (or study) less but even
then they secure more. During my childhood, I used to think about how do they do
it? Do they have a more developed brain? Are they sharper than me? Do they have
better memory power? I consoled myself by saying that “there are a lot of things
which I know far better than them, and they do not stand anywhere in front of
me.” Well…most of the people think like this, and they are RIGHT…!!!
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So….what are the things (or tricks ) which you should adopt so that you too, can
secure better marks? In fact, forget about the marks, think about enhancing your
overall knowledge.
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First of all, there are no tricks, and therefore do not be bothered about tricks. The
only thing that you need to understand is that you must read… to be more
precise…. You must STUDY.
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The educational system does not pay any heed to cultivate the art of reading well
among the students; and therefore, it falls upon the individuals to cultivate the
abilities by/in themselves.
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Why I am paying a lot of weightage on reading? You know… because reading is

the science of sciences, the mother of all the knowledge…Just like
BODYBUILDING is the mother of all the sports, and TEACHING is the mother of
all the professions.
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If you study the lives of the RICH, FAMOUS, and THE MOST INFLUENTIAL
people, you will observe a strange similarity…. All of them were VORACIOUS
READERS. Even if they had 15 minutes to spare they used it to study.
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So, if you want to be the most influential person of your trade you must learn to
steal time here and there and use it to become the student of your art … your craft
… your domain. Very simple…!!! Isn’t it? Just by reading you can acquire the
status of the MOST COMPETENT PROFESSIONAL. I am sure that
you understand the meaning of being recognized as the most competent
professional. It means…being THE HIGHEST PAID professional of your field.
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All this for what…??? …. Reading 30 minutes a day.
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Okay … Okay … I understand that purchasing books is very EXPENSIVE. And

also most of the books are not readily available… so what…??? You can use the
INTERNET. You can read (or STUDY) a lot of articles to educate yourself. Just a
recharge of 100 rupees for 1 GB data, and that too at the speed of 3G, and you can
have access to everything worth-knowing.
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Because you want to have a workable knowledge about reading… I

will answer the following questions.
How should you read?
What should you read?
Who should read?
When should you read?
Where should you read?
Why should you read?
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What is READING?
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1. When you read a piece of writing, you look at it and understand what it says.
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2. Reading requires continuous practice, development, and refinement.

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3. Reading requires creativity and critical analysis.

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4. Reading cultivates the sense of creativity and critical analysis in a reader.

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5. Several meanings can be drawn by reading the same text, because of which
people of different communities kill each other.
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Various TECHNIQUES
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So far, there are several types of reading methods (or techniques) suggested by
researchers to increase the comprehension and retention of the read, which are
listed below.
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SQ3R Method (Survey, Question, Read, Review, and Recite),

SQ4R Method (Survey, Question, Read, Recite, Record, and
Review),
PQRST Method (Preview, Question, Read, State, and Test),
SQ5R Method (Survey, Question, Read, Recite, Record, Review and
Reflect)and
Active Reading Method.
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As such, there is no unanimity about which method is the best. However, since all
methods of reading are combination, I will explain the SQ5R technique.
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The full form of SQ5R technique is Survey, Question, Read, Recite, Record, and
Review. The SQ5R technique is mostly used for the Academic Purposes.
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Survey
To glance at the material to get the feel.
It includes reading : -
Chapter title.
Chapter objectives.
Chapter summary.
Major heading/subheadings/photos/graphs
Italicized/capitalized/bold words are read.
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Questioning
Knowing WHY are you reading?
Knowing WHY the author has written it?
Knowing WHAT information you are looking for?
To challenge the ideas presented.
The ability to read it critically.
The ability to ask standard questions like…
What? Why? When? Where? How?
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Reading
The main thing.
To understand the main IDEAS.
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Recite
Recite the main ideas in your own words, after finishing each page.
Summarize aloud what you read.
Very important, it will also improve your communication skills and delivery.
Do this… and I repeat… after finishing each page.
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Record
Mark/highlight enhances the understanding for the future references.
Underline only those parts that are clearly essential for you.
It will let you absorb the main idea without going through the complete text.
Write down the key points.
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Review
Reading continually and periodically enhances retention.
Spend some time in going through the earlier notes before beginning a new reading
assignment.
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Reflect
Organize and reorganize the ideas into larger categories.
Compress them into smaller units.
Mentally manipulate the ideas.
Relate and compare the different
Notice where they agree and differ.
Generalize the ideas with your experience/knowledge.
Incorporate them into your own existing knowledge.
Now you have ultimately understood the idea you read.
To understand means that you can explain the concept and still preserve the
author’s intended meaning.
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However, the most EFFECTIVE and USEFUL method as far as I have
understood is the Active Reading Technique.
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How to read actively?
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Keep pen and paper handy.
Write the purpose of reading on the top of the paper.
Write what comes to you after reading each paragraph.
Write what comes to you after reading each page.
Summarize the primary ideas in your own words.
Reflect on author’s opinion and purpose.
Always read with a pen/pencil in your hand and underline whatever you think is
important.
A good reader reads critically. If you read critically, you participate creatively in
the process of reading. You constantly question what the author is saying,
and why?
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How should you Read?

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11 ways to make the most from READING

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1. Begin with the END in MIND

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Before reading be ABSOLUTELY CLEAR about why are you reading something.
What is your motivation?
Are you reading it to know what is written?
Or you want to know about the main points?
Or you want to secure good marks?
There could be a lot of reasons. But before reading, just ask yourself, why I am
reading this?
Answer this by saying, I am reading this because I want to ……….
When you ascertain this, the SUBCONSCIOUS mind filter the material to suit
your need. Once you master this technique, you can read 3 or 4 books WITHIN an
HOUR.
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2. Read to utilize your time EFFECTIVELY

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Do not study merely to pass the exams.
Read to enhance your learning.
If you are unable to decide what to read, read some MOTIVATIONAL books.
But, before reading any book read the REVIEWS first, to CONFIRM that it is
worth your time.
Gift books (to your children especially).
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3. Read and REFLECT

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While you are reading a book, put marks on the things you find interesting (or
useful), underline it.
Write down your thoughts while reading it.
Or Write what you have understood.
If possible, try to explain every page (of a book) in 4 or 5 lines of what you have
understood.
This will enhance your style or art of expression.
After every 2 or 3 months read your notes.
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4. Whenever you read, keep your spine STRAIGHT

and breathe DEEPLY.
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Make it a habit to walk while you read (if the book is not too heavy).
Inhale deeply.
Try to fill your lungs as much as humanly possible with oxygen and exhale it
completely.
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5. Do NOT Read anything/ anysubject for more than

30 minutes per session.
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Then switch to read some different thing/subject.
It will not cause boredom.
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6. Practice RC exercises of competitive exams.

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It will enhance your understanding of the language, and will acquaint with the
nuances of the language.
Experts say that you need 10,000 hours to master anything.
However, an easy way is to do something 10,000 times.
If you want to master Reading Comprehension, go for attempting the solved
question papers of the competitive exams, attempt 10,000 RC exercises
RELIGIOUSLY.
And most importantly STUDY the explanations.
Attempting 10,000 English Sections, and you are SET. That is the power of doing
something 10,000. Even Bruce Lee feared the move someone has practiced 10,000
times.
If this is too much for you, attempt one RC exercise per day, and in 1 year you will
be a well read man.
This habit of regular REPETITION is the thing which differentiates a 50% securer
from a 90% securer.
If you are a Hindi medium student, it will give you the necessary practice.
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7. The source of LIGHT

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While you read ensure that light should always come from the LEFT SIDE.
The light should be falling on the paper with a 45 degree angle.
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8. Use DICTIONARY
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Whenever you come across a word you do not know/understand, look it up in the
dictionary. At times, you can make out the meaning by its context, but it pays rich
dividends to study the word in the dictionary, study the various parts of the
description, study the origin of that word, how it is pronounced, and various shades
of meaning.
It will not only acquaint with the exact sentiment of the author but will also expand
your vocabulary (active as well as passive vocabulary).
In due course of time you will realize you have a better command over words and
are able to express yourself more clearly, lucidly, effectively.
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9. Read SLOWLY
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Do not speed read.
Never read faster than your comfortable speed.
There is no point in reading fast if you are not able to understand.
Read all words.
Do not worry about your reading speed.
Read naturally with a speed that allows you to understand the material
comfortably.
Do not just glance over the text.
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What should you READ?

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Everything, which interests you.
Anything which is related to your trade, profession, or domain.
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There are 3 suggestions about reading
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Suggestion # 1.
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An ideal exercise is to ATTEMPT the English Section of the SOLVED

QUESTION PAPERS that appear in,
1. Civil Services Examination (CSE)
2. Combined Defence Services Examination (CDSE)
3. National Defence Academy (NDA)
4. Naval Academy Examination (NAE)
5. Staff Selections Commission (SSC)
6. Institute of Banking Personnel Selection (IBPS)
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And then STUDY the explanations given at the back of every exercise. There are
a lot of books or magazines related to the studies of competitive exams. Bank
Service Chronicle and Competition Success Review are my personal favorite.
You can purchase the cheaper copies at the RADDI WALLA, who can give these
INVALUABLE books at a price of 10 rupees per kilogram. One book is sufficient
to provide your brain with a rigorous exercise for an entire month.
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13 benefits of attempting these Question Papers.
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1. Because it is to check the reading comprehension it enhances your reading
comprehension.
2. It provides you with ECLECTIC reading.
3. Since the passages are on vast varieties, it enhances the scope of your
knowledge.
4. Because you read a lot you begin to understand the nuances of the language.
5. Since you use your brain ACTIVELY to analyze the correct answer, it
enhances the conceptual clarity of the subject matter.
6. It enhances your word power and fixes it. Once, while reading, and second
while weighing the possible answers.
7. Because you read with a purpose to answer, you read thoroughly and with
concentration, reading thus increases your COMFORTABILITY with the
grammatical structures.
8. Because the material is selected for the purpose of RC, the passages chosen are
better than most of the material. Moreover, the material chosen is INFORMATIVE
and KNOWLEDGEABLE, and it is rich in most of the senses.
9. It gives a very good exercise to enables you to differentiate between what is
WRITTEN and what is IMPLIED.
10. It enables you to SPEED READ. How? The more you read, the better your
vocabulary becomes: the better your vocabulary, the better your speed and
comprehension will be.
11. It develops your ability to SCAN the text. What is scanning? This skill is used
while using a DICTIONARY or a DIRECTORY. It is the ability to go through the
text to seek the relevant word only.
12. It develops your ability to SKIM the text. What is skimming? This skill is used
while searching for the relevant information. That is reading the words which are
surrounding the keywords to make out the meaning. To identify the main idea of
the text.It is basically for RESEARCHERS to understand whether the text is useful
for their RESEARCH or not. They skim the text before making a final decision to
READ, DISCARD, or STUDY it.
13. To get the right answer your brain has to shuffle the LEXICON several times.
How? The exercise of shuffling your knowledge (several times) enables you to
associate (different) things according to some logic. Because of which your
CONCEPTUAL CLARITY is enhanced. And the more you are able to
INTERLINK, the sharper your memory will become.
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Suggestion # 2
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Read motivational/personality development books.
There is a list compiled by Josh Kauffmann, which I think everyone should study.
http://personalmba.com/best-business-books/
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Suggestion # 3
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There are several websites also where you can find relevant information. Here is a
list of some of my personal favorites.
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Wikipedia.org It provides information on almost everything.

Ask.com It allows you to find answers on any kind of topic from the experts
WikiHow.com Is like mother of all the How to websites.
 About.com Contains information about almost everything.
Slideshare.com Digestible information with lots of images
Youtube.com See everything happening.
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Who should READ?

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Everybody …!!!
Anyone with the slightest desire to improve one’s learning.
Anyone who wants to be well-read, educated kind of a person, with conceptual
clarity.
Anyone who wants to be recognized as an individual who is AWARE.
Never read without keeping a pen and paper handy, to record the ideas which
might occur to you.
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When should you READ?
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The IDEAL time is in the morning because the brain is super fresh and fully
recharged after 8 hours of sleep.
The concentration is at its highest.
Some people say that they are night people, but believe it or not, you have to
accept it that your brain is tired by then.
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Where should you READ?
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Anywhere, where you can concentrate, can keep your spine straight, and breathe
oxygen rich air.
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Some extra stuff
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Some tips to sharpen your brain
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Just like exercise ensures healthy body, the following activities ensure the health of
brain.

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Therefore you should Do….
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1. Besides reading, do these exercises for the health of the brain.
2. Solve competitive exams’ question papers.
3. Solve crossword puzzles.
4. Practice simple Mathematics everyday.
5. Use left hand i.e. (the lesser active hand) in doing as many things as possible.
6. Write something everyday.
7. Draw or paint something everyday.
8. Doodle because it stimulates the brain.
9. Learn a different language.
10. Keep your room neat and tidy.
11. Drink plenty of water.
12. Cultivate a hobby like gardening.
13. Sleep.
14. Do breath exercises (Pranayaam).
15. Take deep breaths when you read.
16. Aerobics are an excellent routine to improve circulation and oxygen delivery to
your brain cells.
17. Play outdoor games as well as video games also.
18. Teach something to someone (or your kids.)
19. Consume of Omega-3. (which is present in nuts and fish oil). It actually oils
your brain.
20. Include zinc in your diet. (Nuts and seeds are the richest sources.)
21. Consume skimmed milk. It contains vitamin B12 that protects brain tissue
from disease and injury.
22. Consume Coffee. It is a natural stimulant that activates the sympathetic
nervous system, which improves cognitive functioning.
23. Coffee is also rich in antioxidants that are responsible for promoting the
recovery of your neurons against injury and stress.
24. Consume Lemon juice contains polyphenols that enhance communication of
neurons, memory, and learning abilities.
25. Consume 10 grams of Triphala everyday.
26. Chocolate contains flavonols that boosts cognitive skills.
27. Cocoa also contains polyphenols which prevent cognitive impairment of aging
people.
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How to secure maximum marks in reading
comprehension.
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Step by step guide for READING COMPREHENSION
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1. Never ASSUME anything.

2. Read the questions carefully.
3. Read the passage carefully.
4. (Skippable after attempting 1000 RC passages) give a second reading to grasp
the meaning completely.
5. If you come across unfamiliar words, try to guess the meaning by relating.
6. Answers should be correct and to the point written in your own words. Do not
copy the sentences from the passage.
7. After writing the answers check the punctuations and spellings.
8. Revise the answer and get rid of the unnecessary details.
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Some QUOTES
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Reading is the way out of ignorance, and the road to

achievement.

Reading is to the mind what exercise is to the body —Sir

Richard Steele

The simplest way to make sure that we raise literate children is

to teach them to read, and to show them that reading is a
pleasurable activity. And that means, at its simplest, finding
books that they enjoy, giving them access to those books, and
letting them read them.

Every child is different. They can find the stories they need to,
and they bring themselves to stories. A hackneyed, worn-out
idea isn't hackneyed and worn out to them. This is the first
time the child has encountered it. Do not discourage children
from reading because you feel they are reading the wrong
thing. And not everyone has the same taste as you.

Well-meaning adults can easily destroy a child's love of

reading: stop them reading what they enjoy, or give them
worthy-but-dull books that you like, the 21st-century
equivalents of Victorian "improving" literature. You'll wind
up with a generation convinced that reading is uncool and
worse, unpleasant. ~ Neil Gaiman (October 15, 2013). "Why
our future depends on libraries, reading and daydreaming. the
guardian.com. Retrieved on April 8, 2014."

If we encountered a man of rare intellect, we should ask him

what books he read. ~ Ralph Waldo Emerson, Letters and
Social Aims (1876), Quotation and Originality.

The first time I read an excellent book, it is to me just as if I

had gained a new friend. When I read over a book I have
perused before, it resembles the meeting with an old one.
~Oliver Goldsmith, The Citizen of the World, Letter LXXXIII.

It may be well to wait a century for a reader, as God has

waited six thousand years for an observer. ~ Johannes Kepler,
In Martyrs of Science, p. 197.

Learn to read slow; all other graces will follow in their proper
places. ~ William Walker, Art of Reading.

The worth of a book is to be measured by what you can carry

away from it. ~James Bryce

A good book should leave you... slightly exhausted at the end.

You live several lives while reading it. ~William Styron,
interview, Writers at Work, 1958

There is a great deal of difference between an eager man who

wants to read a book and a tired man who wants a book to
read. ~G.K. Chesterton

If there’s a book you really want to read but it hasn’t been

written yet, then you must write it. ~Toni Morrison

I would be most content if my children grew up to be the kind

of people who think decorating consists mostly of building
enough bookshelves. ~Anna Quindlen, "Enough
Bookshelves," New York Times, 7 August 1991

Books are the quietest and most constant of friends; they are
the most accessible and wisest of counselors, and the most
patient of teachers. ~Charles W. Eliot

Always read something that will make you look good if you die
in the middle of it. ~P.J. O’Rourke

I must say I find television very educational. The minute

somebody turns it on, I go into the library and read a good
book. ~Groucho Marx

[I]t is pleasanter to eat one’s own peas out of one’s own

garden, than to buy them by the peck at Covent Garden; and a
book reads the better, which is our own, and has been so long
known to us, that we know the topography of its blots and
dog’s-ears, and can trace the dirt in it to having read it at tea
with buttered muffins, or over a pipe.... ~Charles Lamb, letter
to S.T. Coleridge, 11 October 1802

A dirty book is rarely dusty. ~Author Unknown

You know you’ve read a good book when you turn the last
page and feel a little as if you have lost a friend. ~Paul
Sweeney

The smallest bookstore still contains more ideas of worth than

have been presented in the entire history of television.
~Andrew Ross

Books are the bees which carry the quickening pollen from
one to another mind. ~James Russell Lowell

Books can be dangerous. The best ones should be labeled

"This could change your life." ~Helen Exley

This will never be a civilized country until we expend more

money for books than we do for buying televisions. ~Puneet
biseria

Good friends, good books and a sleepy conscience: this is the

ideal life. ~Mark Twain
If you resist reading what you disagree with, how will you ever
acquire deeper insights into what you believe? The things most
worth reading are precisely those that challenge our
convictions. ~Author Unknown

Books and pieces of furniture are made from the same thing,
but books furnishes the house more beautifully. ~ Puneet
biseria

When you reread a classic you do not see more in the book
than you did before; you see more in you than was there
before. ~Clifton Fadiman

For friends... do but look upon good Books: they are true
friends, that will neither flatter nor dissemble. ~Francis Bacon

A book that is shut is but a block. ~Thomas Fuller

In books lies the soul of the whole Past Time: the articulate
audible voice of the Past, when the body and material
substance of it has altogether vanished like a dream. ~Thomas
Carlyle
Books are lighthouses erected in the great sea of time. ~E.P.
Whipple

"Tell me what you read and I’ll tell you who you are" is true
enough, but I’d know you better if you told me what you
reread. ~François Mauriac

There are worse crimes than burning books. One of them is

not reading them. ~Joseph Brodsky

Nothing is worth reading that does not require an alert mind.

~Charles Dudley Warner

To read without reflecting is like eating without digesting.

~Edmund Burke

The wise man reads both books and life itself. ~Lin Yutang

He who lends a book is an idiot. He who returns the book is

more of an idiot. ~Arabic Proverb
The mere brute pleasure of reading — the sort of pleasure a
cow must have in grazing. ~Lord Chesterfield

We are too civil to books. For a few golden sentences we will

turn over and actually read a volume of four or five hundred
pages. ~Ralph Waldo Emerson

That is a good book which is opened with expectation and

closed with profit. ~Amos Bronson Alcott

The multitude of books is making us ignorant. ~Voltaire

There is no such thing as a moral or immoral book; books are

well written or badly written. ~Oscar Wilde, Picture of Dorian
Gray, 1891

One of the joys of reading is the ability to plug into the shared
wisdom of mankind. ~Ishmael Reed, Writin’ is Fightin’:
Thirty-Seven Years of Boxing on Paper, p.186

Some books are to be tasted, others to be swallowed, and some

few to be chewed and digested. ~Francis Bacon
If the book is second-hand, I leave all its markings intact, the
spoor of previous readers, fellow-travellers who have recorded
their passage by means of scribbled comments, a name on the
fly-leaf, a bus ticket to mark a certain page. ~Alberto
Manguel, The Library at Night

A truly good book teaches me better than to read it. I must

soon lay it down, and commence living on its hint.... What I
began by reading, I must finish by acting. ~Henry David
Thoreau

Books are immortal sons deifying their sires. ~Plato

No entertainment is so cheap as reading, nor any pleasure so

lasting. ~Mary Wortley Montagu

I would never read a book if it were possible for me to talk half

an hour with the man who wrote it. ~Woodrow Wilson

A good book is always on tap; it may be decanted and drunk a

hundred times, and it is still there for further imbibement.
~Holbrook Jackson
Reading — the best state yet to keep absolute loneliness at bay.
~William Styron

Reading well is one of the great pleasures that solitude can

afford you. ~Harold Bloom

To become a more independent thinker spend a good deal of

time developing your reading skills.~ puneet biseria.

All that mankind has done, thought, gained or been: it is lying

as in magic preservation in the pages of books. Books provide
us with the opportunity to meet with great thinkers on a one-
on-one basis, even if they are of a different locale or time. ~
Thomas Carlyle.

Learn to read slow; all other graces will follow in their proper
places. ~ William walker (The Art Of Reading)

The art of reading affects the art of thinking which affects the
art of living. ~ puneet biseria
Everyday spend at least 30 minutes to study the things related
to your profession (or your area of interest). It will give you
the EDGE in your field.

Reading skills in English are very important because reading

skill gives you the access to the most important resources to
expose yourself to the windows of the world. Everything is
written in English. ~ puneet biseria

Whenever you are Reading/Listening, you are doing it

1. To understand the feelings of the writer/speaker.
2. To be entertained or stimulated emotionally
3. To acquire information.
4. To understand the point of view of the writer/speaker.
5. To review or refine your understanding.
6. To appreciate what is Written/Spoken.

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Study skills can be developed through several tasks which
require a problem-solving approach. However, most of the
students never learn the most essential skill of developing a
problem-solving approach as most of them study (read CRAM)
from cheap guides/keys/20 Question to SAVE TIME. Most of
the students want to save time so that they can cram more.
They keep on cramming throughout their student life
sacrificing learning for the sake of MARKS.
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UNDERSTAND that the real purpose of learning English is to

be able to use it in the real life, and that the syllabi of school
and colleges do not have any worthwhile thing to fulfill the
actual purpose. You will see that a variety of skills are required
to meet the real life situations.

By real world situations I mean that whenever you

Read/Listen anything in English, you must be able

1. To understand the feeling. (EMPATHIZE)

2. To understand the nuances of expression, tone, attitude.

(WELL-VERSED)

3. To read between the lines.(IMPLIED)

4. To not be blocked by cross-cultural differences.

(UNIVERSAL)

5. To acquire information by becoming able to focus on what

is important. (SORTING)

6. To distinguish the MAJOR and MINOR points, ideas, etc.

(DIFFERENTIATE)
7. To understand the point of view of the Speaker/Writer.
(INTERPRET)

8. To differentiate between the facts and attitudes/view points.

(INFER)

9. To analyze what is said/written. (ANALYZE)

10. To review or distill your understanding by

reading/listening. (FIXING)

11. To become able to acquire the type of information you

want. (EVALUATE)

~ puneet biseria

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Whatever we read or listen can be divided into two broad
categories. INTEREST and USEFULNESS.
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Listening and reading should be given more attention if you
really want to cultivate educated minds.
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Students should give more practice to Extensive Listening and
Intensive Listening.
Extensive reading is for pleasure and interest.
Intensive reading is to extract the specific information.
Skimming is reading quickly just to get the gist of the text.
Scanning is reading to find a particular piece of information.
(telephone directory)
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Have no doubt…. The reader/listener will disregard everything
except for the information he is interested in.
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By the time the student reaches standard Xth, he should have
learnt listening skills as goodly as possible. A great deal of
comprehending and responding rests on it.
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The use of spoken/written words to get things done is
called the Transactional Function of the language. And the
use of spoken/written words to establish and maintain social
contact is calledthe Interactional Function of the language.
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
Reading the lesson should be used as an opportunity to teach
pronunciation.
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
Characteristics of Reading
First, reading purposeful.
There is always a reason for reading.
The purpose of reading directs the way the text will be read
and processed by the brain.
Extensive reading is for pleasure and interest.
Intensive reading is to extract the specific information.
Skimming is reading quickly just to get the gist of the text.
Scanning is reading to find a particular piece of information.
(telephone directory)

Second, reading is selective.

We only read only what is important for us.
Our reading speed varies according to the content and our
purpose of reading.
If we are reading a joke we do not pay much attention, when
we are reading for exams we pay too much attention.

Third, Reading is personal.

Reading varies according to the level of the reader.
Experienced readers read the minimum number of words to
extract the maximum amount of information correctly.

Fourth, reading is always pertaining to comprehension.

When we read, we do not read merely to decode the words
written.
We read to understand what is implied.
We react to what we read, we try to evaluate the accuracy of
what is written, we weigh the opinions expressed, and we also
check the appropriateness of the tone of the writer.
We, as readers, interact with what we read.
Every reader absorb the meaning of the text in his own
manner. In fact, readers bring meaning to the text.
The word is not as neutral as it looks in the dictionary. The
meaning of the word changes according to the context in
which it is used.
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
The ultimate aim of a Reading Programme is to
enable the students
to read unfamiliar texts
with appropriate speed
and adequate understanding
without any help.
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
Secondly, if you want the reading programme to be successful,
as a teacher, you should select the material which is
interesting, relevant, easy to read and understand, written in
an authentic language. It should be easily understandable
and should have lots of pictures in it.
By authentic language I mean the sort of language which is
generally used in real life contexts, which is not edited or
written especially for the purpose of teaching.
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
Critical Reading is weighing the ideas, implications,
organization of the ideas, and the way in which the author has
presented in the text
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
Reading flexibility is the ability to vary the speed of reading
according to the nature of the text and the purpose of reader to
read the text.
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

KEY WORDS
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz
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References :-
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Grellet, F.Developing Reading Skills. 1981. Cambridge University Press.

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Education 1(University Of Lancaster, 1975).
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Lumsden, Robert, 'Getting More from Your Reading, ' Chapter 13 in Twenty-
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Mares, Colin, Efficient Reading (English Universities Press).
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Parsons, Chris, How to Study Effectively (Arrow Books, 1976).

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Session