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Moving Range Chart Lecture

An individual observations chart is used when production rates are slow and each observation can be analyzed individually. It plots each measurement over time to monitor variability. A moving range chart also plots the absolute differences between consecutive measurements to monitor stability of variability. The center line for the moving range chart is the average of the moving ranges, and the upper and lower control limits are calculated using constants based on the sample size of 2. An example shows measurement data from consecutive batches of a liquid detergent where each batch takes hours to produce, necessitating individual measurements charts to monitor quality over time.

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Jann Paulo Mendoza
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74 views

Moving Range Chart Lecture

An individual observations chart is used when production rates are slow and each observation can be analyzed individually. It plots each measurement over time to monitor variability. A moving range chart also plots the absolute differences between consecutive measurements to monitor stability of variability. The center line for the moving range chart is the average of the moving ranges, and the upper and lower control limits are calculated using constants based on the sample size of 2. An example shows measurement data from consecutive batches of a liquid detergent where each batch takes hours to produce, necessitating individual measurements charts to monitor quality over time.

Uploaded by

Jann Paulo Mendoza
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Control charts for Individual Measurements

An individual observations chart is appropriate in cases where the production rate is very slow, and where
it would take too long to accumulate more than one unit before analysis. It is also suitable in cases where
automatic measurement and analysis equipment makes it feasible to actually analyze every observation.
Individual observations charts are indicated in situations where the subgroups consist of consecutive
measurements, but where the variation among the consecutive measurements would underestimate the common-
cause variability.

Moving – range is defined as MRi = I xi- X I – 1I


- It is the absolute value of the difference between two adjacent observations
Moving-range Chart
- Is a time sequence plot of the moving ranges MR 2, MR3..... MRk.
- this chart monitors the stability of the variability across time.
- It plots ranges that are obtained from (overlapping) samples of size n= 2, and we can use the
constants D3=0 and D4= 3.267 for the range chart

Center Line of the Moving-range chart

MRbar = (MR2+...... +MRk.)/(k-1)


UCL = (D4)(MR bar)
LCL = UCL = (D3)(MR bar)
Example:
The concentration of an active ingredient in a liquid detergent, expressed in grams/gallon, was measured on
consecutive batches. As each batch takes several hours to produce and since the production rate is very slow, it
was no possible to take sample sizes greater than one. The data is listed in the table below.

Concentration Concentration
Sample 1 49.3 Sample 11 53.7
Sample 2 51.1 Sample 12 49.9
Sample 3 47.7 Sample 13 51.3
Sample 4 46.9 Sample 14 51.0
Sample 5 48.5 Sample 15 52.0
Sample 6 48.4 Sample 16 48.7
Sample 7 50.1 Sample 17 50.6
Sample 8 48.2 Sample 18 48.2
Sample 9 48.2 Sample 19 53.0
Sample 10 52.2 Sample 20 51.7

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