Assignment 2: ART & ARCHITECTURE I: Ancient Civilization
Assignment 2: ART & ARCHITECTURE I: Ancient Civilization
ARC 121
ASSIGNMENT 2
Submitted by
Yeasfi Ahmmed
2018345037
Submitted to
Dr. Md. Mustafizur Rahman
Associate Professor
Department of Architecture, SUST
What are the 3 earliest civilizations?
What are the key / important things civilizations must have,
write your own words?
Characteristics of Civilization
1. Urban areas
2. Architecture and unique art styles
3. Religion
4. Shared communication
5. Systems for administering territories
6. Job specialization
7. Social and economic classes
8. Technology
Urban areas
2
Fig: Mohenjo Daro
Shared Communication
4
Fig: Hieroglyphics Fig: Cuneiform
5
Romans used a variety of methods to administer their republic and,
later, empire. Engineering, for instance, was a key part of Roman
administration. Romans built a network of roads so that communication
between far-away territories was as efficient as possible.
Language also played a part in Roman infrastructure. The so-called
"Romance languages" (Spanish, French, Portuguese, Romanian, Catalan,
and Italian) are called that because they all developed from the Roman
language: Latin.
One of Rome’s most lasting contributions to Western Civilization was
the establishment of legal culture itself.
Romans used local leaders, as well as Romans, to administer the law in
their territories. Residents were more familiar with their own leaders,
and more likely to follow their announcements.
Job specialization
6
Social and economic classes
The populations of these cities were divided into social classes which,
like societies in every civilization throughout history, were hierarchical.
These classes were: the king and nobility, The priests and priestesses,
the upper class, the lower class, and the slaves. The element that is
key to the development of civilizations is the division of people
into classes. This is a complex idea that can be broken down into two
parts: income and type of work performed. Changing classes has
traditionally been difficult and happens over generations.
Classes can mean groups of people divided by their income. Class can
also refer to the type of work people perform. There are many
divisions of social class. Social class is often associated with economic
class, but not strictly defined by it.
7
Technology