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Health & Safety

Management
System
Hazard Identification & Risk Assessment Procedure
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Table of Contents
1 HAZARD IDENTIFICATION & RISK ASSESSMENT....................................................................................... 3

1.1 INTRODUCTION & PURPOSE .......................................................................................................................... 3

1.1.1 Process Turtle Diagram ..................................................................................................................................................... 3
1.1.2 References .............................................................................................................................................................................. 3
1.1.3 Terms & Definitions ........................................................................................................................................................... 3
1.2 APPLICATION & SCOPE ................................................................................................................................. 4
1.3 RESPONSIBILITIES .......................................................................................................................................... 4
1.4 IDENTIFICATION OF HAZARDS & ASSESSMENT OF RISKS ................................................................................. 5
1.4.1 Hazard Identification Methodology ............................................................................................................................ 5
1.4.2 Hazard Identification Techniques ................................................................................................................................. 5
1.4.2.1 Hazard Identification Register .............................................................................................................................. 6
1.4.2.2 Job Safety Analysis (JSA) ......................................................................................................................................... 6
1.4.2.3 Workplace Inspections ............................................................................................................................................ 7
1.4.2.4 Workplace Monitoring & Sampling ................................................................................................................... 9
1.4.2.5 Safety Audits ............................................................................................................................................................... 9
1.4.2.6 Change Management ............................................................................................................................................ 10
1.4.2.7 Hazard Identification Study (HAZID) ............................................................................................................... 10
1.4.2.8 Hazard Operability Studies (HAZOP) ............................................................................................................... 11
1.4.2.9 Failure Mode Effects & Critical Analysis (FMECA) ...................................................................................... 11
1.4.2.10 Fault Tree Analysis (FTA) ....................................................................................................................................... 13
1.4.3 Hazard Identification Process ....................................................................................................................................... 14
1.4.3.1 Analyze a Task, Operation or Process ............................................................................................................. 15
1.4.3.2 Observe the Basic Steps ........................................................................................................................................ 16
1.4.3.3 List the Potential Hazards..................................................................................................................................... 16
1.4.3.4 Prioritize the Hazards ............................................................................................................................................. 18
1.4.4 Qualitative Risk Assessment Process ......................................................................................................................... 18
1.4.4.1 Determining the Likelihood (S1)........................................................................................................................ 19
1.4.4.2 Determining the Severity (S2)............................................................................................................................. 20
1.4.4.3 Determining the Level of Risk (S3) ................................................................................................................... 20
1.4.4.4 Determining the Response (S4) ......................................................................................................................... 21
1.4.5 Risk Control & Mitigation .............................................................................................................................................. 21
1.4.6 Reviewing & Reporting ................................................................................................................................................... 22
1.4.7 Performance Monitoring ................................................................................................................................................ 23
1.4.8 Escalation .............................................................................................................................................................................. 23
1.5 ASSESSMENT OF OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH RISKS & OPPORTUNITIES .............................................................23
1.6 TRAINING ...................................................................................................................................................24
1.7 COMMUNICATION & PARTICIPATION...........................................................................................................24
1.8 FORMS & RECORDS ....................................................................................................................................24

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Health & Safety Management System Double click here to
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1 Hazard Identification & Risk Assessment

1.1 Introduction & Purpose
The purpose of this procedure is to outline your organization’s ongoing and proactive methodology for the
identification of operational hazards and the assessment of perceived risks to evaluate both existing and
potential workplace hazards, and to determine the methods required to mitigate or eliminate the risks arising.

1.1.1 Process Turtle Diagram

With what With who

• Operational activities • Workers/Interested parties

• Hazard information • Health & Safety Manager
• Consultation/participation • Health & Safety Advisors

Input Activity Output

• Significant hazards 6.1.2.1, 6.1.2.2 and 6.1.2.3 • Process improvement

• How work is organized Hazard identification and risk • Safety improvement
• Routine/non-routine work assessment to evaluate • Hazard controls
• Past relevant incidents existing and potential • Enhanced desirable effects
• Emergency situations workplace hazards and the • Integrated actions
• People/competence methods to control or to • Understanding of risks
• Machinery and tools eliminate them • New/updated practices
• Situations not controlled by • Safe working conditions
the organization • Informed workforce
• Actual or proposed changes • Great commitment to safety
• Hazard knowledge changes • Reduction in liability

How With what measure

• Hazard ID register • Levels of compliance

• Risk assessment template • Risk analysis scores
• Training and competence • No. of risks assessed

1.1.2 References
Standard Title ISO Clauses Manual Sections
BS EN ISO 45001 OH&S management system requirements 6.1.2
6.1.2
BS EN ISO 45002-1 Guidance on managing occupational health 6.2.1

1.1.3 Terms & Definitions

Term Definition
Hazard A source of potential harm or a situation with a potential to cause loss or harm
Hazard Identification The process of examining each work area and task to identify hazards inherent to the work

Hazard ID Register A formal record that captures all known hazards and potential risks to be assessed

Worksite inspection Regular inspection of work areas to assist with the monitoring and identification of hazards

Risk Assessment Determining the risk of a hazard in combination with its likelihood and severity

Risk Control Implementation of tools and techniques that mitigate or eliminate the risk

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1.4 Identification of Hazards & Assessment of Risks

1.4.1 Hazard Identification Methodology
Hazards exist at all levels in the organization and are detectable through many sources including reporting
systems, inspections, audits, brainstorming sessions and expert judgement. Our goal is to proactively identify
hazards and define their key characteristics before they lead to accidents, incidents or other safety-related
occurrences. The two main methodologies by which we identify hazards associated with our activities are:

1. Lagging/Reactive. This methodology involves analysis of past outcomes or events. Hazards are
identified through an investigation of safety occurrences. Incidents and accidents are an indication of
system deficiencies and therefore used to determine which hazard(s) contributed to the event.
Hazards are also identified through safety data analysis to identify adverse trends and make
predictions about emerging hazards, etc. This information is retained in the Hazard Identification
Register.
2. Leading/Proactive. This methodology involves collecting safety data of lower consequence events
or process performance and analysing the safety information or frequency of occurrence to
determine if a hazard could lead to an accident or incident.
The safety information for proactive hazard identification primarily comes from job safety analysis
reports, active safety monitoring, workplace inspections, observation, discussion, safety reporting
systems and via the safety assurance function.
Identified hazards and their potential consequences are documented and feed into the risk assessment
processes. The hazard identification process considers all possible hazards that may exist within the scope of
our operations and activities, including interfaces with other systems, both within and external to our
organization.

1.4.2 Hazard Identification Techniques

Your organization’s proactive hazard identification techniques, include inputs from job safety analysis,
checklists, hazard surveys, workplace inspections and audits. Other examples of methods we adopt to identify
health and safety hazards before an incident occurs include:

1. Conducting pre-start discussions on the work to be carried out;

2. Encouraging workers to recognise and report hazards while performing work;
3. Carrying out safety inspections and audits of the workplace and work procedures;
4. Conducting job safety analyses (or similar task evaluation processes);
5. Monitoring, measuring and testing the working environment;
6. Analysing proposed new or modified plant, material, process or structure;
7. Conducting hazard (or risk) surveys;
8. Reviewing product information, e.g. safety data sheets, operating manuals;
9. Researching publicly available data on hazards, e.g. media articles, industry or safety regulator alerts;
10. Looking at past incident and near-miss reports.
No single method of hazard identification and evaluation will suit every company or situation. Simple methods,
utilizing the experience of loss prevention and operating personnel, work well in a broad range of operations
and activities. When new, modified, or complex processes and equipment are introduced, more formal
methods of hazard evaluation and risk analysis may be required.

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or other workers when undertaking this task. The following table offers a guide to determining the frequency;
however, an assessment of each individual work area needs to occur to determine the frequency.

Area Level of risk No of Inspections

Hazardous substances and dangerous goods storage areas High Monthly
Workshops including maintenance workshops High Monthly
Manufacturing areas High Monthly
Warehousing Medium 3 Monthly
Retail areas Medium 3 Monthly
Café/Canteen Medium 3 Monthly
Administration/Offices Low 6 Monthly
Compounds/Yards Low 6 Monthly
External landscaping and car parks Low 6 Monthly

The workplace inspection starts with a review of the action points from the previous inspection. Any unresolved
issues are noted in the comments/observation section of the Workplace Inspection Form for action or
resolution. The workplace inspection may include observations and discussions with relevant workers, including
operators, managers and maintenance personnel.

For best results a Line Manager/Supervisor and at least one other worker should be involved in participation
in each workplace inspection, in order to:

1. Review the workplace inspection form/checklist to be used;

2. Conduct workplace inspections by walking around the work environment;
3. Identify any physical hazards and areas of noncompliance against the inspection checklist;
4. Record all findings, providing specific comments, ensuring form is signed and dated and includes
personnel conducting the inspections;
5. Ensure responsibilities, priorities and time frames are listed when determining corrective action.
Particular note should be taken of the following;

1. Slip and trip hazards;

2. Relevance and adequacy of signs with a health and safety focus;
3. Condition of safety signage;
4. General housekeeping;
5. Damaged equipment, plant and building;
6. Trapping/crushing/entanglement/severing hazards;
7. Lighting and noise;
8. Emergency equipment, inspection of testing and locking off;
9. Storage practices;
10. Labelling and use of hazardous substances;
11. Access and egress.
If a hazard or a non-conformance is identified corrective action must be implemented. All corrective action
must have a person or persons allocated responsibility with time frames and priority. Priority is determined by
the level of risk posed by the hazard. The following gives an indication of time frames required for each priority:

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