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National Programme For Blindness

The National Programme for Control of Blindness and Visual Impairment (NPCBVI) was launched in 1976 with the goal of reducing blindness prevalence to 0.3% by 2020. Recent surveys show blindness rates have decreased from 1.1% in 2001-02 to 1% in 2006-07. The main causes of blindness are cataract (62.6%), refractive error (19.7%), and corneal blindness (0.9%). The program aims to reduce backlogs of avoidable blindness and strengthen comprehensive eye care services across India. Key activities include cataract surgeries, school eye screenings, and treatment of other diseases. Targets have largely been achieved annually, with over 60 million catar

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98 views6 pages

National Programme For Blindness

The National Programme for Control of Blindness and Visual Impairment (NPCBVI) was launched in 1976 with the goal of reducing blindness prevalence to 0.3% by 2020. Recent surveys show blindness rates have decreased from 1.1% in 2001-02 to 1% in 2006-07. The main causes of blindness are cataract (62.6%), refractive error (19.7%), and corneal blindness (0.9%). The program aims to reduce backlogs of avoidable blindness and strengthen comprehensive eye care services across India. Key activities include cataract surgeries, school eye screenings, and treatment of other diseases. Targets have largely been achieved annually, with over 60 million catar

Uploaded by

MANISH MAMIDI
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© © All Rights Reserved
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National Programme for Control of Blindness and Visual Impairment

(NPCB&VI)
 

Introduction

 National Programme for Control of Blindness and Visual Impairment


(NPCB&VI) was launched in the year 1976 as a 100% centrally sponsored scheme
(now 60:40 in all states and  90: 10 in NE States) with the goal of reducing the
prevalence of blindness to 0.3% by 2020.  Rapid Survey on Avoidable Blindness
conducted under NPCB during 2006-07 showed reduction in the prevalence of
blindness from 1.1% (2001-02) to 1% (2006-07).

Prevalence rate of blindness and targets

·         Prevalence of Blindness - 1.1%. (Survey 2001-02 ).


·         Prevalence of Blindness - 1. %. (Survey 2006-07).
·         Current Survey (2015-18)  in progress. The projected rate
of  prevalence of blindness is 0.45%.
·         Prevalence of Blindness target -  0.3% (by the year 2020).

Main Causes of blindness

            Cataract (62.6%) Refractive Error (19.70%) Corneal Blindness (0.90%),


Glaucoma (5.80%), Surgical Complication (1.20%) Posterior Capsular
Opacification (0.90%) Posterior Segment Disorder (4.70%), Others (4.19%)
Estimated National Prevalence of Childhood Blindness /Low Vision is 0.80 per
thousand.

Main objectives
 

1. To reduce the backlog of avoidable blindness through identification


and treatment of curable blind at primary, secondary and
tertiary levels, based on assessment of the overall burden of visual
impairment in the country;

2. Develop and strengthen the strategy of NPCB for “Eye Health for
All” and prevention of visual impairment; through provision of
comprehensive universal eye-care services and quality service
delivery;

3. Strengthening and up-gradation of Regional Institutes of


Ophthalmology (RIOs) to become centre of excellence in various sub-
specialities of ophthalmology and also other partners like Medical
College, District Hospitals, Sub-district Hospitals, Vision Centres,
NGO Eye Hospitals; 

4. Strengthening the existing infrastructure facilities and developing


additional human resources for providing  high quality comprehensive
Eye Care  in all Districts of the country;

5. To enhance  community awareness on eye care and lay stress on


preventive measures; 

6. Increase and expand research for prevention of blindness and visual


impairment;

7. To secure participation of Voluntary Organizations/Private


Practitioners in delivering eye Care.
 
Targets and achievements during last 3 Years and Current Year.

Cataract operations

 
Year Target No. of Cataract % surgery
operations with IOL
performed
2014-15 66,00,000 64,19,933 95
2015-16 66,00,000 63,04,177 95
2016-17 66,00,000 64,81,435 95
2017- 66,00,000 15,91,977  
18*
 

School Eye Screening Programme

Year No. of No. of No. of free spectacles


Children Children provided to
Screened found with school  children  suffering
for Refractive from refractive errors
Refractive Errors Target Achievement
Error
2014-15 2,99,85,309 11,53,639 9,00,000 7,36,572
2015-16 3,44,50,657 13,45,390 9,00,000 8,30,620
2016-17 3,27,79,542 11,48,033 9,00,000 7,57,906
2017- 27,37,502 1,00,352 9,00,000 47,184
18*

Treatment/management of other eye diseases

(Diabetic retinopathy, glaucoma, childhood blindness, keratoplasty etc.)


 
Year Target Achievement
2014-15 72,000 2,42,830
2015-16 72,000 3,12,925
2016-17 72,000 4,04677
2017-18 72,000 1,47048

Collection of donated Eyes for corneal transplantation

 
Year No. of donated eyes collected
Target Achievement
2014-15 50,000 58,757
2015-16 50,000 59,810
2016-17 50,000 65,135
2017-18* 50,000 18,519

Note:-

1.      The figures of physical performance for the year 2017-18  are based on


reports received from States/Uts upto 20.09.2017.

Best practices adopted under the programme:

 
·         To reach every nook and corner of the country to provide eye-care
services, provision for setting up Multipurpose District Mobile Ophthalmic
Units in the District Hospitals of States/UTs as a new initiative under the
programme.  Few states have set up these Units.  There is a need to replicate
the same by other States.

·         Provision for distribution of free spectacles to old persons suffering from


presbyopia to enable them for undertaking near work as a new initiative
under the programme.  The activity needs to be expedited in the all the
States.

 Emphasis on the comprehensive eye-care coverage by covering diseases


other than cataract like diabetic retinopathy, glaucoma, corneal
transplantation, vitreo-retinal surgery, treatment of childhood blindness
including retinopathy of pre-maturity (ROP) etc. 
 These emerging diseases need immediate attention to eliminate avoidable
blindness from the Country;

 Strengthening of Tertiary Eye-Care Centres by providing funds for purchase


of sophisticated modern ophthalmic equipments.
·         Ensure setting up of superspecialty clinics for all major eye diseases
including   diabetic retinopathy, glaucoma, retinopathy of prematurity etc. in
state level hospitals and medical colleges all over the country.
·         Linkage of tele-ophthalmology centres at PHC/Vision centres with
superspecialty eye hospitals to ensure delivery of best possible diagnosis and
treatment for eye diseases, specially in hilly terrains and difficult areas. 
·         Development of a network of eye banks and eye donation centres linked
with medical colleges and RIOs to promote collection and timely utilization
of donated eyes in a transparent manner.

Future plan

 
 Setting up of more PHC/Vision Centres to broaden access of people to
eye care facilities.
 To extend financial support to NGOs for treatment of other  eye diseases
like Diabetic Retinopathy, Glaucoma Management, Laser Techniques,
Corneal Transplantation, Vitreoretinal Surgery, Treatment of Childhood
Blindness, free of cost to poor people.
 Integration of existing ophthalmic surgical/ non-surgical facilities in each
district, State by associating few units to next higher unit.
 Inclusion of modern ophthalmic equipment in eye care facilities to make
it more versatile to meet modern day requirement.
 Upgradation of  software for Management Information System  for better
implementation and monitoring  and monitoring.
 Digitalization of eye care services – IEC messages, whats app. Groups
for stakeholders etc.
 Provision for setting up Multipurpose District Mobile Ophthalmic Units
in District Hospitals for better coverage.

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