Math and Science Division

Orientation Programme for Extended Diploma Year - 1

OMA200
Basic Math for Non – Engineers

LO1:Sole Problems involving integers, fractions, decimals,

percent, ratio, proportion and numerical expressions

1.1 Integers
1.1.1 Introduction to the Integers

All numbers that can be represented on a number line are called real numbers and can be classified
according to their characteristics

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 1.1.2 Adding and subtracting Integers

Addition & Subtraction

1. Same (like) signs ADD and KEEP that sign.

2. Different (unlike) signs SUBTRACT and KEEP sign of the larger absolute value.

Examples:

8 + 5 = 13 Same sign. Add and keep the sign.

8–5=3 Different signs. Subtract and keep the sign of the larger absolute value.

-8+5=-3 Different signs. Subtract and keep the sign of the larger absolute value.

- 8 – 3 = - 11 Same signs. Add keep the sign.

1.1.3 Multiplying and Dividing Integers

Multiplication and Division of Integers

1. Multiply or divide, if the signs are same (like) the sign of the product or quotient will be positive.

2. Multiply or divide, if the signs are different (unlike) the sign of the product or quotient will be negative.

Examples:

5 x 6 = 30 Same signs. The sign is positive.

(-5) x (-6) = 30 Same signs. The sign is positive.

5 x (-6) = -30 Different signs. The sign is negative

21 ÷ 7 = 3 Same signs. The sign is positive.

(- 21) ÷ 7 = - 3 Different signs. The sign is negative

(- 21) ÷ (- 7) = 3 Same signs. The sign is positive.

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 1.1.5 Order of Operations
The BODMAS Rule

B Brackets (parts of calculation inside brackets always comes first)

O Order (numbers involving powers and roots)
D or M
Division and Multiplication (from left to right)
M or D
A or S
Addition and Subtraction (from left to right)
S or A

Example: Solve the expressions:

1. 2 × (6 + 7) – 8 2 2. – 35 ÷ (√81 - 4) x ( 3 + 23 )

- 35 ÷ (√81 - 4) x ( 3 + 23 )
first, compute the expression inside the = -35 ÷ (9 - 4) x ( 3 + 8 )
2×(6+7)–82
parentheses (6+7)
= 2 × 13 – 8 2 second, calculate the exponent 8 2 = -35 ÷ (5) x ( 11 )

= 2 × 13 – 64 third, calculate the multiplication 2 × 13 = - 7 x 11

= 26 - 64 finally, calculate the subtraction = -77
= - 38 our final answer

Exercises: Use the BODMAS Rule to perform the indicated operations. Show all your work

𝟑
2 x 6 + 3 – 4 ÷ 2 – 5 + 20 ÷ 5 x 3 + 50 ( √𝟐𝟓 + √𝟐𝟕 ) ÷ 𝟐𝟐

(3 + 3 - 5) x (15 - 5) x 10 - 99 (𝟑 + 𝟒)𝟐 + 81 ÷ 𝟑𝟑

50 ÷ 5 -7 x 2 + 11 + 3 x 10 ÷ 2 - 2 + 6 x 5 32 ÷ 𝟒𝟐 x ( 3 – 8 )

4 + 5 -7 + 8 x 5 -12 x 2 ÷ 8 + 6 -3 + 20 ÷2 ( 22 ÷ √𝟒 x 3 ) – 7 + 5

(3 + 4 – 6 ÷ 2 + 2) + ( ( 9 ÷ 3 + 6 x 5 ) ÷ 11) x ( ( 4 + 5 – 6 ) + (18 – 3 x 4 ) )

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Unit : OMA-200 Criteria :1 Integers Topic : BODMAS Worksheet:2
 Order of Operations (A)
Name: Date:

Solve each expression using the correct order of operations.

(−5)2 − 4 × (6 ÷ ((−7) + 8)) × 3 ((−9) + 7)3 × (−5) ÷ ((4 − (−6)) × 2)

( ) ( )
22 × (6 − 9) ÷ 3 + (−4)2 ((−7) + 7) ÷ (−9)2 × 8 − (−3)2

((−7) + 9 − 7)2 × (5 ÷ (−5))2 ((−3) × (10 + (−7)))2 ÷ 3 − (−9)2

Math-Drills.com
 Order of Operations (B)
Name: Date:

Solve each expression using the correct order of operations.

( )3 ( )
2
((−8) × 7) ÷ (−2) + 5 − 10 (3 + (−3)) × ((−4) − 6) ÷ (−5)2 + (−6)

( ) ( )
(−10)2 − 102 ÷ (5 + (−3)) × 3 (8 + (−7) − 6) ÷ (4 × (−9)) ÷ (−6)2

( )3
((−8) × (−5)) ÷ (−2)3 − (−3) + 7 (−9) − (−5)2 + (−7) × (((−8) ÷ 8) × 6)

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 Order of Operations (C)
Name: Date:

Solve each expression using the correct order of operations.

( )3 ( )
42 − 7 + (−9) ÷ (2 × 8) (−2) − 22 × ((−3) + (−5)) ÷ ((−9) + 6)

(10 ÷ ((−7) − (−8))) × (−10) + 82 + (−5) (((−9) + 9) × 3) ÷ (8 − 5)3 ÷ 4

( )
(6 + (−5)) ÷ (8 − 7) × (−3) + (−9)2 (−6) × (10 − 2 + (−8))3
÷ 82

Math-Drills.com
 Order of Operations (D)
Name: Date:

Solve each expression using the correct order of operations.

( ) ( )
((−4) + 4) × (−7)2 ÷ (−8) − 22 2 × ((−8) − (−7))2 ÷ (3 + (−2))3

( )2
2
(−6) × ((−5) + 9 − 4) ÷ 3 (((−10) + 9) × (−2))3 ÷ (5 − 3) × (−9)

( ) ( )
7 + (−3) 3
× ((−10) − 10) ÷ (−2) 2 (−2)2 − (−3) × ((7 + (−7)) ÷ ((−6) × 3))

Math-Drills.com
 Order of Operations (H)
Name: Date:

Solve each expression using the correct order of operations.

( ) ( )
(−7)2 ÷ (3 − (−4))2 × (7 + (−6)) ((−4) + (−3)) × (4 − 2)3 ÷ (−2)2

( ) ( ) ( )
62 ÷ ((−7) − (−5) + 4)2 × 9 (−3)3 − (−5) × (−8) ÷ (5 + (−7))2

( )3 ( )
2 − 8 ÷ ((−8) × (4 + 7))
3 2 2
(−3) × (3 − (−7) + (−10)) ÷7

Math-Drills.com
 Order of Operations (I)
Name: Date:

Solve each expression using the correct order of operations.

( ) ( )2
(−5) ÷ (9 + (−10))2 × 32 − 2 ((−2) ÷ 2) × 32 + 8 − 10

( )2
((−6) ÷ (−3))3 × ((−4) − 6 + (−8) − (−10)) 8 − 23 ÷ ((−9) × (3 + (−2)))

((−6) ÷ (−2))2 × (4 + 5 − 8) × (−7) (−2) + (−4)3 × (((−3) − 7) ÷ 10)2

Math-Drills.com
 Order of Operations (J)
Name: Date:

Solve each expression using the correct order of operations.

( ) ( )
(2 × (7 + 10 − 5)) ÷ 62 ÷ 9 ((2 + (−8)) ÷ (−3)) × 32 − (−5) − (−2)

( ) ( ) ( )
(7 − 5) × 32 ÷ 2 + 4 + (−8) 62 ÷ (−2) × 3 − 23 + 7

( ) ( ) ( )
2 3
5 ÷ ((−6) + 7) × (−2) − 32 8 ÷ ((−10) + 9) × ((−6) − (−8) + 7)

Math-Drills.com
 Unit : OMA201 Criteria :LO1 Topic : FRACTIONS Worksheet:1

I. Write Equivalent Fractions for the following

𝟓 𝟒 𝟏
1) 6) 11)
𝟔 𝟐𝟎 𝟐

𝟏𝟑 𝟐𝟕 𝟕
2) 7) 12)
𝟓𝟐 𝟔𝟑 𝟑

𝟐 𝟑 𝟑
3) 8) 13)
𝟖 𝟒 𝟒

𝟏𝟒 𝟏𝟔 𝟏
4) 9) 14)
𝟓𝟔 𝟒𝟖 𝟒

𝟏𝟏 𝟔 𝟒
5) 10) 15)
𝟏𝟐 𝟏𝟎 𝟐

II. Compare the following fractions using the symbol <, ˃ or = in each box
𝟑 𝟏 𝟏 𝟏 𝟔 𝟏
1) ⎕ 7) − ⎕− 11) − 𝟕
⎕− 𝟑
𝟒 𝟐 𝟑 𝟐
𝟑 𝟏 𝟏 𝟏 𝟏 𝟏
2) ⎕ 8) − ⎕ − 12) 𝟒
⎕ 𝟐
𝟒 𝟑 𝟐 𝟑
𝟏 𝟏 𝟗 𝟏𝟏
3) ⎕ 9) −
𝟑
⎕ −
𝟏 13) 𝟐𝟎
⎕
𝟐𝟎
𝟐 𝟐 𝟒 𝟒
𝟑 𝟑 𝟏 𝟏𝟑 𝟑 𝟏
4) ⎕ 10) − ⎕ − 14) −
𝟒
⎕ −
𝟓
𝟒 𝟒 𝟒 𝟓𝟐
𝟏 𝟏 𝟏 𝟏𝟑 𝟖 𝟖
5) ⎕ 11) − ⎕ − 15) 𝟏𝟑
⎕ 𝟏𝟏
𝟐 𝟒 𝟒 𝟓𝟐
𝟏 𝟑 𝟏 𝟐 𝟒 𝟏𝟐
6) ⎕ 12) − ⎕ − 16) 𝟕
⎕ 𝟐𝟏
𝟐 𝟒 𝟒 𝟖

III. Solve the following

IV. Evaluate the following and show your work
𝟏 𝟑 𝟓 𝟏 𝟑 𝟓
1) +𝟐×𝟒= 2) (𝟐 + 𝟐) × 𝟒 =
𝟐

𝟏 𝟑 𝟑 𝟏 𝟑 𝟑
3) −𝟐×𝟐= 4) (𝟐 − 𝟐) × 𝟐 =
𝟐

𝟏 𝟓 𝟗 𝟏 𝟓 𝟗
5) ÷𝟒×𝟒= 6) ÷ (𝟒 × 𝟒) =
𝟐 𝟐

𝟏 𝟓 𝟏𝟏 𝟏 𝟓 𝟏𝟐
7) (𝟐 ÷ 𝟒) + = 𝟏𝟎) (𝟐 + 𝟒) + =
𝟕 𝟕

𝟏 𝟓 𝟏𝟎 𝟓 𝟗 𝟏𝟎 𝟏𝟎
8) (𝟐 + 𝟒) × = 𝟏𝟏) (𝟒 × 𝟒) − ( 𝟖 − )=
𝟖 𝟒

𝟏 𝟓 𝟏𝟎 𝟏𝟎 𝟏 𝟓 𝟏𝟎 𝟏
9) (𝟐 + 𝟒) × ( 𝟖 − )= 𝟏𝟐) (𝟓 + 𝟑) × ( 𝟕 − 𝟒)=
𝟒
 Math and Science Division
Orientation Programme for Extended Diploma Year - 1

OMA200
Basic Math for Non – Engineers

LO1: Solve problems using arithmetic techniques

1.3 Decimals
1.3.1 Introduction to the Decimals
Decimals are fractions which have denominators of 10,100,1000 and so on .

A simple meaning of the word ‘decimal’ is ‘connected with ten’.

Decimal number system is a means of expressing any number from the very smallest to the
very largest.

1.3.2 The Decimal System

The decimal system is an extension of our ordinary number system. When we write the
number 777 that’s mean 700 + 70 + 7. Reading from left to the right each figure 7 is ten
times the value of the next one.

Now we have to decide how to deal with fractional quantities, that is, quantities whose
7 7 7
values are less than one. If we regard 777.777 as meaning 700 + 70 + 7 + + +
10 100 100
then the dot , called the decimal point, separate the whole numbers from the fractional parts.

1.3.3 Decimals and Fractions

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 1.3.4 Addition and Subtraction of Decimals

Adding and subtracting decimals is done in exactly the same way as for whole numbers.
Care must be taken, however , to write the decimals points directly underneath one another.
This makes sure all the figures having the same place value fall in the same column.

1.3.5 Multiplication of Decimals

1.3.6 Division of Decimals

1.3.7 Order of Operations on Decimals

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 Math and Science Division
Orientation Programme for Extended Diploma Year - 1

OMA200
Basic Math for Non – Engineers

LO1: Solve problems using arithmetic techniques

1.4 Percentages
1.4.1 Introduction to the Percentages
𝑥
A percentage is a fraction that has a denominator of 100 i.e. 𝑥% =
100

“Per cent” means ‘out of 100’; and ‘out of’ in mathematical language , means ‘divide by’.
85
So if you score 85% in a test then you achieved 85 marks per hundred i.e. 85% =
100

1.4.2 What is X% of Y ( Finding percentage value )

𝟏. 𝐅𝐢𝐧𝐝 𝟏𝟓% 𝐨𝐟 𝟑𝟎𝟎 𝟐. 𝐖𝐡𝐚𝐭 𝐢𝐬 𝟐𝟎% 𝐨𝐟 𝟓𝟐𝟎?

𝟏𝟓 𝟐𝟎
× 𝟑𝟎𝟎 = 𝟒𝟓 × 𝟓𝟐𝟎 = 𝟏𝟎𝟒
𝟏𝟎𝟎 𝟏𝟎𝟎

3. A base ball team played 35 games and won 80% of them. How many games did they win?

4. A test is marked out of 150. if you achieved 54%, what mark did you get out of 150?

5. A bulilding soiety charges 4.2% interest on overdrafts. What will the interest be on an
Overdraft of BD 320?

6. 𝑇ℎ𝑒𝑟𝑒 𝑎𝑟𝑒 30 𝑡𝑟𝑎𝑖𝑛𝑒𝑒𝑠 𝑖𝑛 𝑎 𝑐𝑙𝑎𝑠𝑠. 𝐼𝑓 20% 𝑜𝑓 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑡𝑟𝑎𝑖𝑛𝑒𝑒𝑠 𝑎𝑟𝑒 𝑎𝑏𝑠𝑒𝑛𝑡.

i)Find the number of absents . ii) Find number and percentage of the presents

7. A coat cost is BD90, If cost is reduced by 25%. what is the new cost ?

8. The monthly budget for the front of hte hours is BD51,000 . You spent 17% of the budget
on fresh flowers. How juch did you spend on fresh folwers ?

9. Out of 6700 students of a school only 90% passed. Find how many students were passed.

10. An electrician worked 58.33% months out of the year. How many months did he work?

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1.4.3 What percentage of Y is X ? (Finding percentage )
𝟏. 𝐰𝐡𝐚𝐭 𝐩𝐞𝐫𝐜𝐞𝐧𝐭 𝐨𝐟 𝟏𝟎𝟎𝟎 𝐢𝐬 𝟏𝟎𝟎? 𝟐. 𝐰𝐡𝐚𝐭 𝐩𝐞𝐫𝐜𝐞𝐧𝐭 𝐨𝐟 𝟔𝟎 𝐢𝐬 𝟐𝟎?

𝟏𝟎𝟎 𝟐𝟎
𝐩𝐞𝐫𝐜𝐞𝐧𝐭𝐚𝐠𝐞 = × 𝟏𝟎𝟎 = 𝟏𝟎% 𝐩𝐞𝐫𝐜𝐞𝐧𝐭𝐚𝐠𝐞 = × 𝟏𝟎𝟎 = 𝟑𝟑. 𝟑%
𝟏𝟎𝟎𝟎 𝟔𝟎

2. A class has 28 trainees. Seven of them play football. What perentage of the football players ?

3. A survey found that 1 in 12 of the population suffers from insomaina,

what pergate of the insomania?

4. The bahrain soft ball team played 75 games and won 55 of them.
What percent of the games didd they loose ?

5. There are 24 trainee in a class. Nine of them are girls. What percent are men ?

6. There are 16 males and 20 females on a Discipline committee. Waht percent

of the committe is female? . What percent of the committe is male?

1.4.4 X is Y% What ? (Finding total value)

𝟏. 𝟏𝟖 𝐢𝐬 𝟐𝟓% 𝐨𝐟 𝐰𝐡𝐚𝐭 𝐧𝐮𝐦𝐛𝐞𝐫? 𝟐. 𝟐 𝐢𝐬 𝟐𝟎% 𝐨𝐟 𝐰𝐡𝐚𝐭 𝐧𝐮𝐦𝐛𝐞𝐫?

𝟐𝟓 𝟐𝟎
× 𝑵𝒖𝒎𝒃𝒆𝒓 = 𝟏𝟖 × 𝑵𝒖𝒎𝒃𝒆𝒓 = 𝟐
𝟏𝟎𝟎 𝟏𝟎𝟎
𝟏𝟖 × 𝟏𝟎𝟎 𝟐 × 𝟏𝟎𝟎
𝑵𝒖𝒎𝒃𝒆𝒓 = = 𝟕𝟐 𝑵𝒖𝒎𝒃𝒆𝒓 = = 𝟏𝟎
𝟐𝟓 𝟐𝟎

1. If VAT is charged at 20%, and the VAT bill for a new car is BD4900,
What is the full price of the car?

2. If 56 members of an institute staff are females and they represent 40% of the staff ,
how many staff are there?

3. 22% of a certain length is 55cm. what is the complete length ?

4. Ameena bought an electric drill at 85% of the regular price. she paid BD 32.890 for
the drill. What was the regular price ?

5. A trainee answered 86 problems on a test corrrectly an received a grade 98%. How many
problems were on the test , if all the problems were worth the same number of points?

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1) A student earned a grade of 80% on a math test that had 20 problems. How many
problems on this test did the student answer correctly? (round to the nearest whole number)

2) There are 36 carpenters in a crew. On a certain day, 29 were present. What percent
showed up for work? (round to the nearest tenth)

3) A metal bar weighs 8.15 ounces. 93% of the bar is silver. How many ounces of silver are
in the bar? (round to the nearest thousandth)

4) A woman put $580 into a savings account for one year. The rate of interest on the account
was 6½%. How much was the interest for the year in dollars and cents? (Round to the
nearest cent)

5) A student answered 86 problems on a test correctly and received a grade 98%. How many
problems were on the test, if all the problems were worth the same number of points?
(Round to the nearest whole number)

6) Manuel found a wrecked Trans-Am that he could fix. He bought the car for 65% of the
original price of $7200. What did he pay for the car? (Round to nearest dollar)

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7) Pamela bought an electric drill at 85% of the regular price. She paid $32.89 for the drill.
What was the regular price? (Round to the nearest cent)

8) A crew is made up of 8 men; the rest are women. 66 % of the crew are men. How many
people are in the crew? 32

9) Ben earns $12,800 a year. About 15% is taken out for taxes. How much is taken out for
taxes?

10) At a sale, shirts were sold for $15 each. This price was 80% of their original price. What
was the original price?

11) There are 32 students in a class. Nine of those students are women. What percent are
men? (round to the nearest tenth)

12) The Royals softball team played 75 games and won 55 of them. What percent of the
games did they lose? (round to the nearest tenth)

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 Math and Science Division
Orientation Programme for Extended Diploma Year - 1

OMA200
Basic Math for Non Engineers

LO1: Solve problems using arithmetic techniques

1.5 Ratio and Proportion
1.5.1 Introduction to the Ratio

A ratio is a way of comparing two or more similar quantities .

A ratio is defined as the relation between two quantities of similar type.

Ratios are an alternative way of expressing fractions.

Ratios can be used to compare costs, weights, sizes and other quantities .

1.5.2 Ways to write Ratios

Method 1 Method 2 Method 3
The word ‘to’ A fraction A colon
𝟏𝟐
12 to 5 𝟓 12:5

𝟗
Nine to six 𝟔 9:6

𝐟𝐢𝐯𝐞 𝐫𝐞𝐝𝐬
Five reds to six blues 𝐬𝐢𝐱 𝐛𝐥𝐮𝐞𝐬 Five reds : six blues

𝑿
X to Y 𝒀 X:Y

𝟓
𝟐𝟑 5:23
BD 5 to BD 23

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 1.5.3 Applications of Ratios
𝒎 𝒏
Divide “T” amount between A & B in the ratio m : n then A’s share is = × 𝑻 , B ’s share is = 𝒎+𝒏 × 𝑻
𝒎+𝒏
Ex. Divide BD500 between Ali and Isa in the ratio 3:2
𝟑 𝟐
Ali share = 𝟑+𝟐 × 𝟓𝟎𝟎 = 𝟑𝟎𝟎 , Isa share = 𝟑+𝟐 × 𝟓𝟎𝟎 = 𝟐𝟎𝟎
1. Divide BD2400 in the ratio 6:2:8

2. Divide BD 1800 in the ratio 3:4:5

3. Divide 170 in the ratio3:2

Boys Girls
Finding the ratio, other half of a ratio or total number in a ratio. 5 2
35 x
1. A classroom had 35 glue sticks. If the ratio of glue sticks to glue bottles was 5 : 2, how
many glue bottles did the classroom have?

2. A student finished 8 of her homework problems in class. If the ratio of problems she
finished to problems she still had left was 4 : 1, how many homework problems did she
have total?

3. On a Saturday, a library checked out 52 books. If 24 of the books were fiction, what is the
ratio of non-fiction books to fiction books checked out?

7. The ratio of red cars to blue cars in a parking lot was 5 : 3. If there were 40 red cars, how
many blue cars were there?

Page 2
 1.5.4 Direct & Indirect Proportion
Proportion: the equality of two ratios is called a proportion

Direct proportion : Two quantities are said to be in direct Proportion

if one quantity increases then other quantity also increases.

𝑥 b c×b
If a & b and c &x are in direct proportion then = then 𝑥 =
c a a

In Direct proportion :Two quantities are said to be in indirect Proportion

if one quantity increases then other quantity decreases .

𝑥 a c×a
If a & b and c & x are in indirect proportion then = then 𝑥 =
c b b
1. 10 burgers cost BD60. What will 15 burgers cost?

2. 2 apples cost BD20. What will 5 Apples cost?

3. A car travels 1000 miles in 5 days. At this rate how far will it travel in 15 days?

4. In one day you earn BD 75 for 8 hours of work. If you work 37.5 hours for the week, what will
your weekly pay be?

5. You jog 3.6 miles in 30 minutes. At that rate, how long will it take you to jog 4.8 miles?

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6. You earn BD 33 in 8 hours. At that rate, how much would you earn in 5 hours?

7. An airplane flies 105 miles in ½ hour. How far can it fly in 1 ¼ hours at the same rate of
speed?

8. A car travels 600km with speed 70 k/h in 12 hours, if maintain speed 120k/h how many hours
will it take to covers the same distance?

9. Four employees can wash 20 service vehicles in 5 hours. How long would 5 employees take to
wash the same number of vehicles?

10. If one person takes 7 days to pick the apples from a tree, how many days will it take 7 people
to do the same job?

11. If 10 persons take 10 days to pick the apples from a tree, how many days will 7 people take to
do the same job?

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