SECONDARY EDUCATION CERTIFICATE

EXAMINATION

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 Answer ALL questions in this section.
Write your answers in the spaces provided in this booklet.

The catalyst manganese(IV) oxide can be used to alter the rate of decomposition of
hydrogen peroxide.

Jonathan carried out an experiment at RTP (room temperature and pressure) to deter-
mine the rate of decomposition of hydrogen peroxide using manganese(IV) oxide as
the catalyst. He did this by measuring the volume of oxygen given off at different time
intervals. Water is also produced during the decomposition and the reaction is exothermic.

Table 1 records Jonathan's results using manganese (IV) oxide and 100 cm3 of 0.80 mol
dm-3 hydrogen peroxide.

Karen carried out a similar experiment to Jonathan using 100 cm3 of 0.40 mol dm-3
hydrogen peroxide solution. Figure 1 on page 3 shows a graph of the data obtained by
Karen.

Time (8) Volume ofOz at RTP (cm3)

1 0
15 4
30 8
45 12
60 16
75 19
90 21
105 23
120 23
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24
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o ",,'.lrHili1ifl]U ..fill. 1Ut :
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20 40 60 80
Time (s)
Figure 2 is a diagram of the enthalpy change for an exothermic reaction showing the
effect of a catalyst on the reaction pathway.

\
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(ii) Write a balanced equation to show the decomposition of hydrogen peroxide by

manganese(IV) oxide (MnOz).

(iii) Using the same axes as the graph (Figure 1) on page 3, plot a graph ofthe volume
of oxygen against time using the data in Table 1.
The first three points have been plotted for you on the graph. (3 marks)
(iv) Compare the plots obtained from Jonathan's and Karen's results in terms of
the slope of the graph and the volume of oxygen produced. Account for the
differences between Jonathan's and Karen's results.

b) the number of moles of oxygen produced in 45 seconds at RTP (room

temperature and pressure).
(1 mole of gas occupies 24 dm3 atRTP: Relative Atomic Mass 0 = 16)
 (b) A student conducts a number of tests on an aqueous solution of Compound X. Some
of the inferences and observations made are recorded in Table 2. Complete Table 2 by
filling in the missing observations and inferences.

Test Observation Inference

To 1 ml of a solution of X is added Brown gas evolves which turns

a few copper turnings, followed by moist blue litmus red.
concentrated sulphuric acid.

(1 mark)

To 1 ml of a solution of X is added
dilute nitric acid followed by I- ions present
aqueous silver nitrate. Aqueous
ammonia is then added until in
excess. I- ions confirmed
(2 marks)

To 1 ml of a solution of X is added A bright yellow precipitate

aqueous lead nitrate solution. forms.

Ionic equation required

(2 marks)
(c) You are required to plan and design an experiment to compare the effects of the
catalysts manganese(IV) oxide and catalase on the rate of decomposition of hydrogen
peroxide.

(i) Draw a CLEARLY labelled diagram of a suitable experimental arrangement for

carrying out the investigation in the laboratory. (2 marks)
 The following statements were taken from a student's notebook. These statements are
INCORRECT. In each case, you should state why the statement is incorrect and give
the correct statement.

(i) Sodium, magnesium, aluminium, silicon and chlorine are found in the same
group in the periodic table.
(Give your answer in terms of electron configuration.)

(ii) Of the elements magnesium and copper, magnesium will more readily oxidize
an aqueous solution of zinc ions than copper will.

(b) P and Q both have an electron configuration of 2, 8, 1. The mass numbers of P and Q
are 23 and 24 respectively.

(i) P reacts with water to produce a solution of its hydroxide and hydrogen gas.
Write a balanced equation for the reaction between P and water.

(ii) Both P and Q give similar products when reacted with water. Account for this
observation.

(2 marks)
GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE
 (iii) Q is radioactive. Radioactive substances are widely used in medicine, agriculture
and industry. What is meant by the term 'radioactive'?

(c) Using dot-and-cross diagrams, show the bonding between Q and oxygen. [1~ 0]
3. But-I-ene (I-butene) and but-2-ene (2-butene) are structural isomers of molecular formula
C4HS"
(b) Ethanol reacts with different reagents to form products with the functional groups shown
in Table 3.

Functional Group Reagents or Structure of

in Product Formed Reaction Conditions Organic Product Formed

"- /
C=C
/ "-
Alkene (1 mark) (1 mark)

Ethanol

0 H 0
II I II
-C - OH H-C -C - OH
I
H
Acid (1 mark)

0
II
-C - OR

Ester (2 marks) (2 marks)

 A pink solution of aqueous acidified potassium manganate(VII) is decolourised
by the addition of ferrous(Fe2+) ions. The chemical equation for the reaction is

Identify the oxidizing and reducing agents in the equation, and explain your
answer. (4 marks)

(ii) Iron(II) oxide reacts with dilute sulphuric acid to give a pale green solution.
Write the equation for the reaction between iron(II) oxide and dilute sulphuric
acid. (2 marks)

(iii) State whether the reaction in (ii) above is acid-base or redox, and explain your
answer. ( 3 marks)

What is meant by 'fermentation,' as it relates to the manufacture oflUm?

(2 marks)

(iii) Suggest ONE material that could be used to produce wine by fermentation, and
give a reason for your suggestion. (2 marks)
5. The raw materials necessary for the extraction of iron from its ore are an iron ore, coke and
limestone.

(b) Outline the steps involved in the extraction of iron from its ore. Write a balanced chemical
equation for EACH step. (8 marks)

(c) Stainless steel, an alloy of iron, is used to make cooking utensils. Suggest TWO reasons
why stainless steel is used instead of iron for making cooking utensils. ( 2 marks)

(e) Name the compound of iron that is found in the blood and explain how a lack of iron
would affect the human body. (3 marks)
Almost all animals eat their food raw, whereas humans tend to cook their food. Give TWO
reasons why humans may need to cook their food. (2 marks)

Method 1 Place in a covered dish and bake.

Method 2 Chop into small pieces, add raw pineapple and boil.
Method 3 Chop into small pieces and boil in the pressure cooker.

(i) Select the method by which the lamb will take the LONGEST to cook.
(1 mark)

(ii) Outline the principles involved in the functioning of the pressure cooker.
(2 marks)

How does this differ from the use of the pressure cooker in Method 3?
(4 marks)