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Broaching Operations

Broaching is a machining operation where a tool with cutting teeth, called a broach, is pushed or pulled past a workpiece to cut it into a specific shape. There are different types of broaches based on their construction and intended operation, such as internal broaches for enlarging holes and external broaches with replaceable sections for surface machining. A pull-type broach is longer than a push-type broach for the same cross-section in order to remove more material, with the first teeth doing most of the rough cutting and later teeth providing a smooth finish to the required specifications.

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103 views

Broaching Operations

Broaching is a machining operation where a tool with cutting teeth, called a broach, is pushed or pulled past a workpiece to cut it into a specific shape. There are different types of broaches based on their construction and intended operation, such as internal broaches for enlarging holes and external broaches with replaceable sections for surface machining. A pull-type broach is longer than a push-type broach for the same cross-section in order to remove more material, with the first teeth doing most of the rough cutting and later teeth providing a smooth finish to the required specifications.

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R H
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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BROACHING OPERATIONS

Broaching is a machining operation in which the tool having a series of cutting teeth (broach) is either pulled or pushed
by the broaching machine past the WP surface. Most of the cutting is done by the first and intermediate teeth whereas
the last few teeth finish the surface to the required shape. Broaching may be internal (Internal or Hole broaching) or
external (External or Surface broaching).
Type of Broaches:
1. According to the method of operation – Push, pull or stationary.
2. According to the kind of operation they perform – internal and external.
3. According to their construction – solid, built up, rotor cut, inserted tooth, overlapping tooth, progressive etc.
4. According to their use – Single purpose or combination
5. According to the functions – keyway, spline, burnishing, roughing, sizing, serration etc.
Push type broaches – are shorter in length than pull type for same cross section in order to resist bending. This is used
when a shorter length is to be broached and less amount of material to be removed.
Pull type broaches – are longer than push type for same cross section. It is used when considerable amount of metal is
to be removed and a longer surface is to be broached since it carries more number of teeth and is longer (hence, more
material removal).
Internal broaches – are of solid type construction which is used for enlarging and sizing an existing hole or providing
specific shapes to existing holes. Where there are chances of wear and high accuracy is desired, a shell type construction
(built up broach) is preferred which consists of several replaceable shells mounted on a bar.
External or surface broaches – are generally built up broaches having replaceable sections or teeth.
Solid broach – is made of a single piece.
Single purpose broach – is used for a single purpose only e.g. to size a round hole only.
Combination broaches – designed to perform two different operations by a single broach tool; viz. sizing and
burnishing a hole or sizing a hole and cutting splines in it.
Burnishing broaches – is used to produce highly finished and glazed surface.
Continuous broaching – Usually the broaching tool moves while the WP remains stationary. But in continuous
broaching, the broach remains stationary whereas the WP is moved past it.
Rotor cut broaches – are usually used for heavy stock removal in castings and forgings.

Broach tool Construction: Description of a pull type hole or internal broach.


- The operator grips the broach at the shank end (pull end). Before the teeth, the front pilot enters the hole to keep
proper alignment of the WP.
- The cutting teeth which follow the front pilot gradually increase in size. The first set of cutting teeth is called the
roughing teeth which do most of the cutting.
- They are followed by the semi finishing teeth which remove comparatively less stock than the roughing teeth. The
variation in sizes of the semi finsihing teeth is smaller than the roughing teeth. They bring the size of the hole to
roughly the required size.
- The finishing teeth which follow the semi finishing teeth do not practically remove any material but finish the
surface. The finishing teeth are all of same sizes and bring the hole into its required size.

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