LAPLACE TRANFORM

AMME_131529
3rd semester 2020-2021
Instructor: Dr. Vu Quang Huy
 Laplace Transform
Definitiand Notation
• The Laplace transform is an important tool for solving certain
kinds of initial value problems, particularly those involving
discontinuous forcing functions, as occur frequently in areas such
as electrical engineering.
• It is also used to solve boundary value problems involving partial
differential equations to analyze wave and diffusion phenomena.
• Laplace transform converts some initial value problems to algebra
• problems, leading us to attempt the following procedure:
Initial value problem=⇒algebra problem
⇒ solution of the algebra problem
⇒ solution of the initial value problem.

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 Thuật ngữ toán học
• Đa thức ( Polynomial)
• Hàm số ( Function)
• Phương trình (Equation)
• Đạo hàm (Derivative)
• Vi phân (Differentiation)
• Biến độc lập (Independent Variable)
• Biến phụ thuộc (Dependent variable)
• Bậc (order) của đa thức, hàm số và phương
trình
x + 4 x + 5x + 6
3 2

y = f ( x) = x + 4 x + 5 x + 6
3 2

x + 4 x + 5x + 6 = 0
3 2

f ( x)
= 3x 2 + 8 x + 5
x
dy f ( x)
= = 3x + 8 x + 5
2

dx x
f ( x, y ) = x + 4 x y + 5 x + 6 xy + 7
3 2

f ( x, y )
=
x
f ( x, y )
=
y
f ( x, y ) f ( x, y )
df ( x, y ) = dx + dy
x y
x3 + 4 x 2 + 5 x + 6
y = f ( x) = x 3 + 4 x 2 + 5 x + 6
x3 + 4 x 2 + 5 x + 6 = 0

f ( x)
= 3x 2 + 8 x + 5
x
dy f ( x)
= = 3x 2 + 8 x + 5
dx x

f ( x, y ) = x 3 + 4 x 2 y + 5 x + 6 xy + 7
f ( x)
=
x
f ( x)
=
y
f ( x, y ) f ( x, y )
df ( x, y ) = dx + dy
x y
 Laplace Transform

We will use lowercase letters for a function we put into the transform and the
corresponding uppercase letters for the transformed function.

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LAPLACE TRANSFORMS
Properties of Laplace
transforms

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 LAPLACE TRANSFORMS
Inverse Laplace transforms

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 Why it is important to understand: Inverse
Laplace transforms

• Laplace transforms and their inverses are a mathematical

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• Laplace transforms have many further applications in
mathematics, physics, optics, signal processing, and
probability.
• This chapter specifically explains how the inverse
Laplace transformis determined, which can also involve
the use of partial fractions. In addition, poles and zeros of
transfer functions are briefly explained; these are of
importance in stability and control systems.

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• define the inverse Laplace transform
• use a standard list to determine the inverse Laplace
transforms of simple functions
• determine inverse Laplace transforms using partial
fractions
• define a pole and a zero
• determine poles and zeros for transfer functions, showing
them on a pole–zero diagram

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Inverse Laplace transforms of simple functions

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Inverse Laplace transforms of simple functions

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Inverse Laplace transforms of simple functions

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Inverse Laplace transforms of simple functions

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Inverse Laplace transforms of simple functions

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Inverse Laplace transforms of simple functions

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Inverse Laplace transforms of simple functions

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69.2 Inverse Laplace transforms of simple
functions

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Inverse Laplace transforms using partial
fractions

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Inverse Laplace transforms using partial
fractions

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Inverse Laplace transforms using partial
fractions

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Inverse Laplace transforms using partial
fractions

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Inverse Laplace transforms using partial
fractions

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 LAPLACE TRANSFORMS
The Laplace transform of the
Heaviside function

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 Why it is important to understand: The Laplace
transform of the Heaviside function
• The Heaviside unit step function is used in the
mathematics of control theory and signal processing to
represent a signal that switches on at a specified time
and stays switched on indefinitely. It is also used in
structural mechanics to describe different types of
structural loads.
• The Heaviside function has applications in engineering
where periodic functions are represented. In many
physical situations things change suddenly; brakes are
applied, a switch is thrown, collisions occur. The
Heaviside unit function is very useful for representing
sudden change.

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• define the Heaviside unit step function

• use a standard list to determine the Laplace transform

• use a standard list to determine the Laplace transform

• determine the inverse transforms of Heaviside

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 Laplace Transform

Heaviside function shifted a units to the right

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 A pulse H(t −a)− H(t −b). (H(t − π/2) − H(t − 2π))sin(t)

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Heaviside unit step function

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Heaviside unit step function

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Heaviside unit step function

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Heaviside unit step function

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Heaviside unit step function

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Heaviside unit step function

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Heaviside unit step function

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Laplace transform of H(t−c)

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Laplace transform of H(t−c) · f(t−c)

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Laplace transform of H(t−c) · f(t−c)

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Laplace transform of H(t−c) · f(t−c)

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Laplace transform of H(t−c) · f(t−c)

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Laplace transform of H(t−c) · f(t−c)

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Inverse Laplace transforms of Heaviside
functions

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Inverse Laplace transforms of Heaviside
functions

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Inverse Laplace transforms of Heaviside
functions

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Inverse Laplace transforms of Heaviside
functions

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Inverse Laplace transforms of Heaviside
functions

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