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Area Under Curve (AUC)

This document provides key concepts and formulas for calculating the area under a curve in mathematics. It discusses: 1) The formula for finding the area between a curve y=f(x) and the x-axis between x=a and x=b using integrals. 2) How to calculate the area between two curves y=f(x) and y=g(x) or if the area is below the x-axis. 3) The definition of average value of a function over an interval and the relationship between the area function and its derivative.

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Tanishq Pancholi
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113 views

Area Under Curve (AUC)

This document provides key concepts and formulas for calculating the area under a curve in mathematics. It discusses: 1) The formula for finding the area between a curve y=f(x) and the x-axis between x=a and x=b using integrals. 2) How to calculate the area between two curves y=f(x) and y=g(x) or if the area is below the x-axis. 3) The definition of average value of a function over an interval and the relationship between the area function and its derivative.

Uploaded by

Tanishq Pancholi
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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MATHEMATICS

Target IIT JEE

AREA UNDER THE CURVE


AREA UNDER THE CURVE

KEY CONCEPTS
THINGS TO REMEMBER :
1. The area bounded by the curve y = f(x) , the x-axis and the ordinates
at x = a & x = b is given by,
b b
A=  f (x) dx =  y dx.
a a

2. If the area is below the xaxis then A is negative. The convention is


to consider the magnitude only i.e.
b
A=  y dx in this case.
a

3. Area between the curves y = f (x) & y = g (x) between the


ordinates at x = a & x = b is given by,
b b b
A=  f (x) dx   g (x) dx =  [ f (x)  g (x) ] dx.
a a a
4. Average value of a function y = f (x) w.r.t. x over an
interval a  x  b is defined as :
b
1
y (av) =
ba  f (x) dx.
a

d A xa
5. The area function A xa satisfies the differential equation = f (x) with initial condition A aa = 0.
dx
Note : If F (x) is any integral of f (x) then ,
A xa =  f (x) dx = F (x) + c A aa = 0 = F (a) + c  c =  F (a)
hence A xa = F (x)  F (a). Finally by taking x = b we get , A ab = F (b)  F (a).

6. CURVE TRACING :
The following outline procedure is to be applied in Sketching the graph of a function y = f(x) which in
turn will be extremely useful to quickly and correctly evaluate the area under the curves.
(a) Symmetry : The symmetry of the curve is judged as follows :
(i) If all the powers of y in the equation are even then the curve is symmetrical about the axis of x.
(ii) If all the powers of x are even , the curve is symmetrical about the axis of y.
(iii) If powers of x & y both are even, the curve is symmetrical about the axis of x as well as y.
(iv) If the equation of the curve remains unchanged on interchanging x and y, then the curve is symmetrical
about y = x.
(v) If on interchanging the signs of x & y both the equation of the curve is unaltered then there is symmetry
in opposite quadrants.
(b) Find dy/dx & equate it to zero to find the points on the curve where you have horizontal tangents.
(c) Find the points where the curve crosses the xaxis & also the yaxis.
(d) Examine if possible the intervals when f (x) is increasing or decreasing. Examine what happens to ‘y’
when x   or  .

7. USEFUL RESULTS :
(i) Whole area of the ellipse, x2/a2 + y2/b2 = 1 is  ab.
(ii) Area enclosed between the parabolas y2 = 4 ax & x2 = 4 by is 16ab/3.
(iii) Area included between the parabola y2 = 4 ax & the line y = mx is 8 a2/3 m3.

P. No. 2

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