Capacitance

 Marked Questions can be used as Revision Questions.

PART - I : SUBJECTIVE QUESTIONS
Section (A) : Definition of capacitance
A-1. When 30C charge is given to an isolated conductor of capacitance 5F. Find out the following
(i) Potential of the conductor
(ii) Energy stored in the electric field of conductor
(iii) If this conductor is now connected to another isolated conductor by a conducting wire (at very large
distance) of total charge 50 C and capacity 10F then
(a) find out the common potential of both the conductors.
(b) Find out the heat dissipated during the process of charge distribution.
(c) Find out the ratio of final charges on conductors.
(d) Find out the final charges on each conductor.

A-2. Plate A of a parallel air filled capacitor is connected to a nonconducting spring

having force constant k and plate B is fixed. If a charge + q is placed on plate A
and charge – q on plate B then find out extension in the spring in equilibrium.
Assume area of plate is ‘A’.

A-3. Two parallel plate capacitors with different distances between the plates are
connected in parallel to a voltage source. A point positive charge Q is moved
from a point 1 that is exactly in the middle between the plates of a capacitor C 1
to a point 2 (which lie in capacitor C2) that lies at a distance from the negative
plate of C2 equal to half the distance between the plates of C1. Is any work done
in the process? If yes, calculate the work done by the field if potential at 1 and 2
are V1 and V2.

A-4. The lower plate of a parallel plate capacitor is supported on a rigid rod. The
upper plate is suspended from one end of a balance. The two plates are
joined together by a thin wire and subsequently disconnected. The balance is
Rigid rod
then counterpoised. Now a voltage V = 5000 volt is applied between the
plates. The distance between the plates is d = 5 mm and the area of each
plate is A = 100 cm 2. Then find out the additional mass placed to maintain
balance. [All the elements other than plates are massless and nonconducting]

A-5. Each plate of a parallel plate air capacitor has an area S. What amount of work has to be performed by
external agent to slowly increase the distance between the plates from x 1 to x2 if:
(i) the charge of the capacitor, which is equal to q is kept constant in the process.
(ii) the voltage across the capacitor, which is equal to V is kept constant in the process.

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Capacitance
Section (B) : Circuits with capacitor and use of KCL and KVL
B-1. A capacitor of capacitance C, a resistor of resistance R and a battery of emf  are connected in series
at t = 0. What is the maximum value of
(a) the potential difference across the resistor.
(b) the current in the circuit.
(c) the potential difference across the capacitor.
(d) the energy stored in the capacitor.
(e) the power delivered by the battery.
(f) the power converted into heat.

B-2. Three uncharged capacitors of capacitance C 1 = 1F, C2 = 2F and C3 = 3F are
connected as shown in the figure. The potential of point A, B and D are 10 volt,
25 volt and 20 volt respectively. Determine the potential at point O.

B-3. Find the potential difference between the points A and B (V A – VB ) as shown in
figure. (Initially all the capacitors are uncharged)

B-4._ In a circuit shown in the figure, find the potential difference between the left and
right plates of each capacitor.

Section (C) : Combination of capacitors

C-1. (i) Find out the charges on the three capacitors connected to a battery as shown in figure. Take
C1= 1.0 F, C2 = 2.0 F, C3 = 3.0 F and V = 20 volt.
C1

C2

C3

(ii) Find out the work done by the battery during the process of charging (initially all the capacitors
are uncharged)
(iii) Find out the total energy stored in the capacitors.

C-2. If you have several 2.0 F capacitors, each capable of withstanding 200 volts without breakdown, how
would you assemble a combination having minimum number of capacitors and of given equivalent
capacitance which capable of withstanding 1000 volts ;
(a) 0.40 F (b) 1.2 F

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Capacitance
C-3. Find the capacitance between the point A and B of the given assemblies.

C-4. Take the potential of the point B as shown in the figure to be 100 V.
(a) Find the potentials at the point C and D.
(b) If an uncharged capacitor is connected between C and D, then find the amount
of charge that will appear on this capacitor

C-5. Consider the situation shown in the figure. The switch S is open for a long time and
then closed and again steady state reached then
(a) Find the charge flown through the battery after the switch S is closed.
(b) Find the charge flown through the switch S from B to A.
(c) Find the work done by the battery after the switch S is closed.
(d) Find the change in energy stored in the system of capacitors.
(e) Find the heat developed in the system after the switch S is closed.

C-6. Find the final charges in steady state on the four capacitors of capacitance
2F, 4F, 6F and 8F as shown in figure. (Assuming initially they are
uncharged). Also find the current through the wire AB at steady state.

Section (D) : Equation of charging and discharging

D-1. A capacitor is connected to a 12 V battery through a resistance of 10. It is found that the potential
difference across the capacitor rises to 4.0 V in 1s. Find the capacitance of the capacitor.
(Given : n3 = 1.0986, n2 = 0.693)

D-2. A capacitor of capacity 1F is connected in a closed series circuit with a resistance of 107 ohms, an
open key and a cell of 2 V with negligible internal resistance:
(i) When the key is switched on at time t = 0, find;
(a) The time constant for the circuit.
(b) The charge on the capacitor at steady state.
(c) Time taken to deposit charge equal to half of charge that will deposit at steady state.
(ii) If after completely charging the capacitor, the cell is shorted by zero resistance at time t = 0, find
the charge on the capacitor at t = 50 s. (Given : e–5 = 6.73 × 10–3, n2 = 0.693)

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Capacitance
D-3. A capacitor of capacitance 200 F is connected across a battery of emf 10.0 V through a resistance of
40 k for 16.0 s. The battery is then replaced by a thick wire. What will be the charge on the capacitor
16.0 s after the battery is disconnected ? (Given : e–2 = 0.135)

D-4. A 5.0 F capacitor having a charge of 20 C is discharged through a wire of resistance 5.0 . Find the
heat dissipated in the wire between 25 to 50 s after the connections are made. (Given : e–2 = 0.135)

D-5.A varying voltage is applied to the clamps AB (figure a) such that the voltage across the capacitor
plates varies as shown in figure b.

Plot the time dependence of voltage across the clamps CD.

D-6. A capacitor of capacitance C is charged by charge q0. At t = 0, it is connected to a battery of emf V and
internal resistance r. Find the charge on the capacitor at time t (positive plate of capacitor connected
with positive plate of battery).

1 F
D-7. Find the potential difference between the points A and B and between the
points B and C of figure in steady state. 3 F 1 F
B

3 F 1 F

A C
30 
 100 V 20 

Section (E) : Capacitor with dielectric

E-1. The two parallel plates of a capacitor have equal and opposite charges Q. The dielectric (which is filled
between the capacitor plates) has a dielectric constant K and resistivity . Show that the initially
Q
"leakage" current carried by the dielectric is given by the relationship i = .
K 0 

E-2. The parallel plates of a capacitor have an area 0.2 m 2 and are 10-2 m apart. The original potential
difference between them is 3000 V, and it decreases to 1000 V when a sheet of dielectric is inserted
between the plates filling the full space. Compute: (0 = 9 x 10-12 S. . units)
(i) Original capacitance C0.
(ii) The charge Q on each plate.
(iii) Capacitance C after insertion of the dielectric.
(iv) Dielectric constant K.
(v) Permittivity  of the dielectric.
(vi) The original field E0 between the plates.
(vii) The electric field E after insertion of the dielectric.

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Capacitance
E-3. A parallel plate isolated condenser consists of two metal plates of area A and separation 'd'. A slab of
thickness 't' and dielectric constant K is inserted between the plates with its faces parallel to the plates
and having the same surface area as that of the plates. Find the capacitance of the system. If
K = 2, for what value of t/d will the capacitance of the system be 3/2 times that of the condenser with air
filling the full space? Calculate the ratio of the energy in the two cases and account for the energy
change (assuming q charge on the plate to be constant).

E-4. Two parallel plate air capacitors each of capacitance C were connected in series to a battery with e.m.f.
. Then one of the capacitors was filled up with uniform dielectric with relative permittivity k. How many
times did the electric field strength in that capacitor decrease? What amount of charge flows through
the battery?

E-5. A parallel-plate capacitor of plate area A and plate separation d is charged by a ideal battery of e.m.f. V
and then the battery is disconnected. A slab of dielectric constant 2k is then inserted between the plates
of the capacitor so as to fill the whole space between the plates. Find the change in potential energy of
the system in the process of inserting the slab.

E-6. Consider the situation shown in figure. The width of each plate is b.
The capacitor plates are rigidly clamped in the laboratory and
connected to a battery of emf V. All surface are frictionless. Calculate
the extension in the spring in equilibrium (spring is nonconducting).

E-7. In figure shown, two parallel plate capacitors with fixed plates 1 2

and connected to two batteries. The separation between the 1 KS 2

K1 K2
plates is same for the two capacitors. The plates are
rectangular in shape with width b and lengths 1 and 2, the
separation between plates is d. The left half of the dielectric
slab has a dielectric constant K1 and the right half K2 (K2  K1).
EMF of the right battery is greater then left battery. Neglecting
any friction, find the extension in spring in equilibrium (spring
is nonconducting) (2 >1)

E-8. The plates of the parallel plate capacitor have plate area A and are clamped
in the laboratory as shown in figure. The dielectric slab of mass m, length 2
and width 2 is released from rest with length  inside the capacitor.
Neglecting any effect of friction or gravity, show that the slab will execute
periodic motion and find its time period. (Plates of capacitor are square
plates of side 2)

E-9. A parallel plate capacitor is filled with a dielectric up to one half of the distance
between the plates. The manner in which the potential between the plates varies
with distance is illustrated in the figure. Which half (1 or 2) of the space between
the plates is filled with the dielectric and what will be the distribution of the
potential after the dielectric is taken out of the capacitor provided that;
(a) The charges on the plates are conserved or
(b) The potential difference across the capacitor is constant.

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Capacitance
E-10. Positive charge q is given to each plate of a parallel plate air capacitor having area of each plate A and
seperation between them, d. Then find
(i) Capacitance of the system.
(ii) Charges appearing on each surface of plates
(iii) Electric field between the plates
(iv) Potential diffrence between the plates
(v) Energy stored between the plates

PART - II : ONLY ONE OPTIONS CORRECT TYPE

Section (A) : Definition of Capacitance
A-1. The radii of two metallic spheres are 5 cm and 10 cm and both carry equal charge of 75C. If the two
spheres are shorted then charge will be transferred–
(A) 25 C from smaller to bigger (B) 25 C from bigger to smaller
(C) 50 C from smaller to bigger (D) 50 C from bigger to smaller

A-2. Two isolated charged metallic spheres of radii R1 and R2 having charges Q1 and Q2 respectively are
connected to each other, then there is:
(A) No change in the electrical energy of the system
(B) An increase in the electrical energy of the system
(C) A decrease in the electrical energy of the system in any case
(D) A decrease in electrical energy of the system if Q1 R2  Q2 R1

A-3. A parallel plate capacitor is charged up to a potential of 300 volts. Area of the plates is 100 cm 2 and
spacing between them is 2 cm. If the plates are moved apart to a distance of 2.5 cm without
disconnecting the power source, then (0 = 9 × 10–12 C2 N–1 m–2):

(i) Electric field inside the capacitor when distance is 2.5 cm :

(A) 15 × 102 V/m (B) 3 × 103 V/m
(C) 12 × 103 V/m (D) 6 × 103 V/m

(ii) Change in energy of the capacitor is :

(A) 6 × 10–8 J (B) – 1215 × 10–10 J
(C) 1215 × 10–10 J (D) – 405 × 10–10 J

(iii) If the distance is increased after disconnecting the power source, then electric field inside the
capacitor is :
(A) 6 × 103 V/m (B) 3 × 103 V/m
(C) 12 × 103 V/m (D) 15 × 103 V/m

(iv) Change in energy of the capacitor in above case is :

(A) 303.75 × 10–9 J (B) – 1215 × 10–10 J
(C) 5.06 × 10–8 J (D) – 303.75 × 10–9 J

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Capacitance
A-4. A parallel plate capacitor is charged and then isolated. On increasing the plate separation:
Charge Potential Capacitance
(A) remains constant remains constant decreases
(B) remains constant increases decreases
(C) remains constant decreases increases
(D) increases increases decreases

A-5. A parallel plate capacitor is charged and the charging battery is then disconnected. The plates of the
capacitor are now moved, farther apart. The following things happen :
(A) The charge on the capacitor increases
(B) The electrostatics energy stored in the capacitor increases
(C) The voltage between the plates decreases
(D) The capacitance increases.

Section (B) : Circuits with capacitor and use of KCl and KVL
B-1. The work done against electric forces in increasing the potential difference of a condenser from 20V to
40V is W. The work done in increasing its potential difference from 40V to 50V will be (consider
capacitance of capacitor remain constant)
3W W
(A) 4W (B) (C) 2W (D)
4 2

B-2. The magnitude of charge in steady state on either of the plates of condenser C in
the adjoining circuit is-
CER 2
(A) CE (B)
(R1  r)
CER 2 CER1
(C) (D)
(R 2  r) (R 2  r)

B-3. The plate separation in a parallel plate condenser is d and plate area is A. If it is charged to V volt &
battery is disconnected then the work done in increasing the plate separation to 2d will be–
3 0 AV 2 0 AV 2 2 0 AV 2 0 AV 2
(A) (B) (C) (D)
2 d d d 2d

B-4. A parallel plate condenser of capacity C is connected to a battery and is charged to potential V. Another
condenser of capacity 2C is connected to another battery and is charged to potential 2V. The charging
batteries are removed and now the condensers are connected in such a way that the positive plate of
one is connected to negative plate of another. The final energy of this system is–
25CV 2 3CV 2 9CV 2
(A) zero (B) (C) (D)
6 2 2

B-5. A capacitor of capacitance C is charged to a potential difference V 0. The charging battery is

disconnected and the capacitor is connected to a capacitor of unknown capacitance C X. The potential
difference across the combination is V. The value of C x should be -
C(V0  V) C(V  V0 ) CV CV0
(A) (B) (C) (D)
V V V0 V
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Capacitance
Section (C) : Combination of capacitors
C-1. In the adjoining circuit, the capacity between the points A and B will be –
(A) C (B) 2C
(C) 3C (D) 4C

C-2. The resultant capacity between the points A and B in the adjoining circuit will be –
(A) C (B) 2C
(C) 3C (D) 4C

C-3. The effective capacity in the following figure between the points P
and Q will be –
(A) 3F (B) 5F
(C) 2F (D) 1F

C-4. The equivalent capacitance between the terminals X and Y in the figure shown
will be–
(A) 100 pF (B) 200 pF
(C) 300 pF (D) 400 pF

C-5. The minimum number of condensers each of capacitance of 2F, in order to obtain resultant
capacitance of 5F will be :
(A) 4 (B) 5 (C) 6 (D) 10

C-6. The charge on the condenser of capacitance 2F in the following circuit will be
(A) 4.5 C (B) 6.0 C
(C) 7 C (D) 30 C

C-7. Two parallel plate condensers of capacity of 20µF and 30µF are charged to the potentials of 30V and
20V respectively. If likely charged plates are connected together then the common potential difference
will be-
(A) 100 V (B) 50 V (C) 24 V (D) 10 V

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Capacitance
C-8. How the seven condensers, each of capacity 2F, should be connected in order to obtain a resultant
10
capacitance of F?
11

(A) (B) (C) (D)

Section (D) : Equation of charging and discharging

D-1. A 3 mega ohm resistor and an uncharged 1 F capacitor are connected in a single loop circuit with a
constant source of 4 volt. At one second after the connection is made what are the rates at which;
(i) the charge on the capacitor is increasing.
1/ 3
(A) 4(1  e1/ 3 )  C/s (B) 4e  C/s
4 1/ 3 4
(C) e  C/s (D) (1  e1/ 3 )  C/s
3 3
(ii) energy is being stored in the capacitor.
16 16
(A) (1  e1/ 3 )e1/ 3 J/s (B) (1  e2/ 3 ) J/s
3 3
16 2 / 3
(C) e J/s (D) None of these
3
(iii) joule heat is appearing in the resistor.
16 1/ 3 1
(A) e  J/s (B) e 1/ 3 J/s
3 2
16 2 / 3 16
(C) (e )  J/s (D) (1  e1/ 3 )2  J/s
3 3
(iv) energy is being delivered by the source.
(A) 16 (1  e1/ 3 )  J/s (B) 16 J/s
16 1/ 3 16
(C) e  J/s (D) (1  e1/ 3 )  J/s
3 3

D-2. An uncharged capacitor of capacitance 8.0 F is connected to a battery of emf 6.0 V through a
resistance of 24 , then

(i) the current in the circuit just after the connections are made is :
(A) 0.25 A (B) 0.5 A (C) 0.4 A (D) 0 A

(ii) the current in the circuit at one time constant after the connections are made is :
(A) 0.25 A (B) 0.09 A (C) 0.4 A (D) 0 A

D-3. An uncharged capacitor of capacitance 100F is connected to a battery of emf 20V at t = 0 through a
resistance 10, then
(i) the maximum rate at which energy is stored in the capacitor is :
(A) 10J/s (B) 20 J/s (C) 40J/s (D) 5J/s
(ii) time at which the rate has this maximum value is
(A) (4 ln 2) ms (B) (2 ln 2) ms (C) (ln 2) ms (D) (3 ln 2) ms

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Capacitance
D-4. The charge on each of the capacitors 0.16 ms after the switch S is closed
in figure is :
(A) 24 C (B) 26.8 C
(C) 25.2 C (D) 40 C

D-5. The plates of a capacitor of capacitance 10 F, charged to 60 C, are joined together by a wire of
resistance 10  at t = 0, then
(i) the charge on the capacitor in the circuit at t = 0 is :
(A) 120 C (B) 60 C (C) 30 C (D) 44 C
(ii) the charge on the capacitor in the circuit at t = 100 s is :
(A) 120 C (B) 60 C (C) 22 C (D) 18 C
10
(iii) the charge on the capacitor in the circuit at t = 1.0 ms is : (take e = 20000)
(A) 0.003 C (B) 60 C (C) 44 C (D) 18 C

D-6. The switch S shown in figure is kept closed for a long time and then opened 25 F

at t = 0, then the current in the middle 20  resistor at t = 0.25 ms is :

(A) 0.629 A (B) 0.489 A 20  S
(C) 0.189 A (D) 23 mA 12 V 20 

D-7. In the adjoining diagram, (assuming the battery to be ideal) the

condenser C will be charged to potential V if - S1 S 2
(A) S1 and S2 both are open +
V C
(B) S1 and S2 both are closed –
(C) S1 is closed and S2 is open
(D) S1 is open and S2 is closed.

D-8. n the following figure, the charge on each condenser in the steady state will be–
(A) 3C (B) 6C
(C) 9C (D) 12C

D-9._ In the circuit shown below the switch is closed at t = 0. For 0 < t < R (C 1 + 1
C2), the current 1 in the capacitor C1 in terms of total current  is C1
2
C  C 
(A)  1   (B)  2   C2
 C2   C1  
E R
 C1   C2 
(C)   (D)  
 C1  C2   C1  C2 

Section (E) : Capacitor with dielectric

E-1. The distance between the plates of a parallel plate condenser is d. If a copper plate of same area but
thickness d/2 is placed between the plates then the new capacitance will become :
(A) half (B) double (C) one fourth (D) unchanged

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Capacitance
E-2. On placing a dielectric slab between the plates of an isolated charged condenser its–
Capacitance Charge Potential Difference Energy stored Electric field
(A) decreases remains decreases increases increases
unchanged
(B) increases remains increases increases decreases
unchanged
(C) increases remains decreases decreases decreases
unchanged
(D) decreases remains decreases increases remains
unchanged unchanged

E-3. The effective capacitance of the system in adjoining figure will be –

0 A 0 A
(A) C = (B) C =
 d1 d2 d3 d4  4d
K  K  K  K 
 1 2 3 4

4d K1K 2K 4K3
(C) C = (D) C =
0 A 4d

E-4. In the adjoining diagram two geometrically identical capacitors A and B are
connected to a battery. Air is filled between the plates of C 1 and a dielectric is
filled between the plates of C2, then –
(A) q1 < q2 (B) q1 > q2
(C) q1 = q2 (D) None of these

E-5. A parallel plate condenser is connected to a battery of e.m.f. 4 volt. If a plate of dielectric constant 8 is
inserted into it, then the potential difference on the condenser will be-
(A) 1/2 V (B) 2V (C) 4V (D) 32V

E-6. In the above problem if the battery is disconnected before inserting the dielectric, then potential
difference will be-
(A) 1/2 V (B) 2V (C) 4V (D) 32V

E-7. A parallel plate condenser with plate separation d is charged with the help of a battery so that U 0
energy is stored in the system. A plate of dielectric constant K and thickness d is placed between the
plates of condenser while battery remains connected. The new energy of the system will be-
U0 U0
(A) KU0 (B) K2U0 (C) (D)
K K2

E-8. In the above problem if the battery is disconnected before placing the plate, then new energy will be–
U0 U0
(A) K2U0 (B) 2
(C) (D) KU0
K K
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Capacitance
PART - III : MATCH THE COLUMN

1. The circuit involves two ideal cells connected to a 1 F capacitor via a key K. Initially the key K is in
position 1 and the capacitor is charged fully by 2V cell. The key is then pushed to position 2. Column 
gives physical quantities involving the circuit after the key is pushed from position 1. Column II gives
corresponding results. Match the statements in Column  with the corresponding values in Column .
C=1F
2V 4V

1 2
Column  Column 
(P) The net charge crossing the 4 volt cell in C is (1) 2
(Q) The magnitude of work done by 4 Volt cell in J is (2) 6
(R) The gain in potential energy of capacitor in J is (3) 8
(S) The net heat produced in circuit in J is (4) 16
Codes :
P Q R S
(A) 1 3 2 1
(B) 3 2 1 4
(C) 4 2 1 3
(D) 3 4 2 1

2. In each situation of column-I, a circuit involving two non-ideal cells of unequal emf E1 and E2 (E1 > E2)
and equal internal resistance r are given. A resistor of resistance R is connected in all four situations
and a capacitor of capacitance C is connected in last two situations as shown. Assume battery can
supply infinity charge to the circuit (r, R  0, E1, E2  0). Four statements are given in column-II. Match
the situation of column-I with statements in column-II.
Column- I Column -II

(P) (1) magnitude of potential difference across

both cells can never be same.

(Q) (2) cell of lower emf absorbs energy,

that is, it gets charged up as long

as current flows in circuit

(R) The capacitor is initially uncharged. (3) potential difference across cell of
After the key K is closed lower emf may be zero.

(S) The capacitor is initially uncharged. (4) current in the circuit can never be zero
After the key K is closed. (even after steady state is reached).

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Capacitance

 Marked Questions can be used as Revision Questions.

PART - I : ONLY ONE OPTION CORRECT TYPE
1. The plates of a parallel plate condenser are being moved away with a constant speed v. If the plate
separation at any instant of time is d then the rate of change of capacitance with time is proportional to–
1 1
(A) (B) (C) d2 (D) d
d d2

2. Choose Graph between potential and time for an isolated conductor of finite capacitance C, if its charge
varies according to the formula Q = (t + Q0) coulomb, where Q0 and  are positive constant.

(A) (B) (C) (D)

3. A parallel plate capacitor of capacitance C is as shown. A thin metal plate A is

placed between the plates of the given capacitor in such a way that its edges touch
P Q
the two plates as shown. The capacity a cross P and Q now becomes.
(A) 0 (B) 3C
(C) 4C (D) 

4. Two spherical conductors A1 and A2 of radii r1 and r2 are placed concentrically in air.
The two are connected by a copper wire as shown in figure. Then the equivalent
capacitance of the system is:
4 0 k r1.r2
(A) (B) 40 (r1 + r2)
r2  r1
(C) 40r2 (D) 40r1

5. There are two conducting spheres of radius a and b (b > a ) carrying equal
and opposite charges. They are placed at a separation d (>>> a and b). The
capacitance of system is
40 40
(A) (B)
a–b–d 1 1 1
– –
a b d
40 40
(C) (D)
1 1 1 1 1 2
 –  –
a b d a b d

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Capacitance
6. A capacitor of capacitance C0 is charged to a voltage V0 and then isolated. An uncharged capacitor C is
then charged from C0, discharged and charged again ; the process is repeated n times. Due to this,
potential of the C0 is decreased to V, then value of C is :
(A) C0 [V0/V]1/n (B) C0[(V0/V)1/n – 1] (C) C0 [(V0/V) – 1] (D) C0 [(V/V0)n + 1]

7. A network of uncharged capacitors and resistances is as shown

Current through the battery immediately after key K is closed and after a long time interval is :
E E E E
(A) , (B) ,
R 1 R1  R 3 R1  R 3 R  R 2 R 3
1
R 2  R3
E E E
(C) Zero , (D) ,
R1 R 2 R3 R1
R1 
R 2  R3

8. (i) A 3F capacitor is charged up to 300 volt and 2F is charged up to 200 volt. The capacitor are
connected so that the plates of same polarity are connected together. The final potential difference
between the plates of the capacitor after they are connected is :
(A) 220 V (B) 160 V (C) 280 V (D) 260 V
(ii) If instead of this, the plates of opposite polarity were joined together, then amount of charge that
flows is :
(A) 6 × 10–4 C (B) 1.5 × 10–4 C (C) 3 × 10–4 C (D) 7.5 × 10–4 C

9. In the circuit shown in figure the capacitors are initially uncharged. The
current through resistor PQ just after closing the switch is :
(A) 2A from P to Q (B) 2A from Q to P
(C) 6A from P to Q (D) zero

10. Six capacitors each of capacitance 'C' is connected as shown in the figure
and initially all the capacitors are uncharged. Now a battery of emf =  is
connected. How much charge will flow through the battery if the switch is on :
9C 11 C
(A) (B)
5 5
13 C 7 C
(C) (D)
5 5

11. The equivalent capacitance between point A and B is

(A) C/4 (B) C/2
(C) C (D) 2C

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Capacitance

12. In the arrangement of the capacitors shown in the figure, each C1 capacitor has capacitance of 3F and
each C2 capacitor has capacitance of 2F then,

(i) Equivalent capacitance of the network between the points a and b is :

3
(A) 1F (B)2F (C) 4F F (D)
2
(ii) If Vab = 900 V, the charge on each capacitor nearest to the points 'a' and 'b' is :

(A) 300 C (B) 600 C (C) 450 C (D) 900 C

(iii) If Vab = 900 V, then potential difference across points c and d is :

(A) 60 V (B) 100 V (C) 120 V (D) 200 V

13. A combination arrangement of the capacitors is shown in the figure

(i) C1 = 3 F, C2 = 6 F and C3 = 2 F then equivalent capacitance between 'a' and 'b' is :

(A) 4 F (B) 6 F (C) 1 F (D) 2 F

(ii) If a potential difference of 48 V is applied across points a and b, then charge on the
capacitor C3 at steady state condition will be :
(A) 8 C (B) 16 C (C) 32 C (D) 64 C

14. The V versus x plot for six identical metal plates of cross-sectional area A is as shown. The equivalent
capacitance between 2 and 5 is (Adjacent plates are placed at a separation d) :

2 0 A 0 A 3 0 A 0 A
(A) (B) (C) (D)
d d d 2d

15. Each edge of the cube contains a capacitance C. The equivalent capacitance C
B
C
between the points A and B will be – C

6C 5C C C
(A) (B)
5 6 C C
C
12C 7C C
(C) (D)
7 12 C C
A
C
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Capacitance

16. The potential difference between the points P and Q in the adjoining circuit will be-
(C1C4  C2C3 ) E C2C3 E
(A) (B)
(C1  C3 ) (C2  C4 ) C1C2 (C3  C4 )
(C2C3  C1C4 ) E (C2C3  C1C4 ) E
(C) (D)
(C1  C2 ) (C3  C4 ) (C1  C2  C3  C4 )

17. The time constant of the circuit shown is :

RC 3RC
(A) (B)
2 5
RC RC
(C) (D)
3 4

18. n resistances each of resistance R are joined with capacitors of capacity C (each) and a battery of emf
E as shown in the figure. In steady state condition ratio of charge stored in the first and last capacitor is

(A) n : 1 (B) (n – 1) : (n + 1) (C) (n2 + 1) : (n2 – 1) (D) 1 : 1

19. A fresh dry cell of 1.5 volt and two resistors of 10 k each are connected in series. An analog voltmeter
measures a voltage of 0.5 volt across each of the resistors. A 100F capacitor is fully charged using the
same source. The same voltmeter is now used to measure the voltage across it. The initial value of the
current and the time in which the voltmeter reading falls to 0.5 volt are respectively.
(A) 60A, 11s (B) 120A, 15s (C) 150A, 15s (D) 150A, 1.1 s

20. Refer to the circuit given below. Initially the switch S is in position 1 for 1.5 s. Then the switch is
changed to position 2. After a time t (measured from the change over of the switch) the voltage across
5 k  resistance is found to be about 1.226 volt. Then, t is
1
10k
S

2
10V 22F
5k

(A) 330 ms (B) 500 ms (C) 33 ms (D) data insufficient

21. The capacitance of a parallel plate condenser is C0. If a dielectric of relative permittivity r and thickness
equal to one fourth the plate separation is placed between the plates, then its capacity becomes C.
C
Then value of will be-
C0
5r 4 r 3 r 2 r
(A) (B) (C) (D)
4r  1 3 r  1 2 r  1 r  1

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Capacitance
22. A parallel plate capacitor without any dielectric has capacitance C 0. A dielectric slab is made up of two
dielectric slabs of dielectric constants K and 2K and is of same dimensions as that of capacitor plates
and both the parts are of equal dimensions arranged serially as shown. If this dielectric slab is
introduced (dielectric K enters first) in between the plates at constant speed, then variation of
capacitance with time will be best represented by:

(A) (B) (C) (D)

23. An isolated metallic object is charged in vacuum to a potential V 0 using a suitable source, its
electrostatic energy being W 0. It is then disconnected from the source and immersed in a large volume
of dielectric with dielectric constant K. The electrostatic energy of the sphere in the dielectric is :
W W
(A) K2 W 0 (B) K W 0 (C) 20 (D) 0
K K

24. Consider a parallel plate capacitor. When half of the space between the plates is filled with some
dielectric material of dielectric constant K as shown in Fig. (1) below, the capacitance is C 1. However, if
the same dielectric material fills half the space as shown in Fig. (2), the capacitance is C2. Therefore,
the ratio C1 : C2 is

Fig. (1) Fig. (2)

2K 4K K 1
(A) 1 (B) (C) (D)
K 1 K  1
2
2

25. A network of six identical capacitors, each of capacitance C is formed as shown below. The equivalent
capacitance between the point A and B is
A

B
(A) 3C (B) 6C (C) 3C/2 (D) 4C/3

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Capacitance

PART - II : NUMERICAL VALUE

1. Both the capacitors shown in figure are made of square plates of edge a.
The separations between the plates of the capacitors are d1 and d2 as
shown in the figure. A battery of V volt and a resistance R are connected
as shown in figure. At steady state an electron is projected between the
plates of the lower capacitor from its lower plate along the plate as
shown. Minimum speed should the electron be projected is given by
1/ 2
1  Vea2 
  so that it does not collide with any plate? Consider only
n  md2 
the electric forces then find the value of n.

2. The particle P shown in the figure has a mass m and a charge –q. Each
 mg0 A 
horizontal plate has a surface area A potential difference V = n   should
 2qc 
be applied to the combination to hold the particle P in equilibrium then find the
value of n.

3. A capacitor of capacitance 2.0 F is charged to a potential difference of 12 V. It is then connected to an

uncharged capacitor of capacitance 4.0 F. Find (a) the charge flow through connecting wire upto study
strate on each of the two capacitors after the connection in C (b) The total electrostatic energy stored
in both capacitors in J (c) the heat produced during the charge transfer from one capacitor to the other
in J.

4. Three conducting plates of area 500 cm 2 area kept fixed as shown. Distance
between adjacent plates is 8.85 mm. A charge of 1.0 nC is placed on the middle
plate. (a) The charge on the outer surface of the upper plate is given by n×10 –11C
then find the valu of n.(b) Find the potential difference (inV) developed between
the upper and the middle plates.

5. Consider the arrangement of parallel plates of the previous problem. If 1.0nC charge is given to the
upper plate instead of the middle, what will be the potential difference (in V) between (a) the upper and
the middle plates and (b) the middle and the lower plates?

6. Four capacitors of capacitance 10 F and a battery of 2V are arranged as shown.

How much µC charge will flow through AB after the switch S is closed ?

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Capacitance
7. A part of circuit in a steady state along with the current flowing in the
branches, the values of resistance etc., is shown in the figure. How
much energy (J) stored in the capacitor C (0.4F)

8. Five capacitors are connected as shown in the figure. Initially S is opened

and all the capacitors are uncharged. When S is closed and steady state
is obtained. Then find out potential difference between the points A and B
in volt.

9. In steady state, find the charge on the capacitor in (C) shown in figure. 6F 20 

10  20 

2V

10. Calculate the steady state current (in A) in the 2  resistor shown in the circuit
(see figure). The internal resistance of the battery is negligible and the
capacitance of the condenser C is 0.2 F.

11. Find the potential difference between points A and B (in V) of the system shown in
figure if the emf is equal to E = 110 V and the capacitance ratio C2/C1 =  = 2.0.

12. (i) What is the final potential (in V) of point b with respect to ground in steady
state after switch S is closed ?
(ii) How much charge flows through switch S from b to a after it is closed in
C?

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Capacitance
13. Find the equivalent capacitance in (F) of the infinite ladder shown in the
figure between the points A and B.

14. The equivalent capacitance of the combination shown in the figure between
n
the indicated points is given by F. then find the value of n.
7

15. The electric field between the plates of a parallel–plate capacitance 2.0 F drops to one third of its
initial value in 4.4 s when the plates are connected by a thin wire. Find the resistance of the wire in .
(Given : n3 = 1.0986)

16. A capacitor of capacitance C charged by battery at V volt and then disconnected. At t = 0, it is

connected to an uncharged capacitor of capacitance 2C through a resistance R. The charge on the
 
3t 
CV   RC 
second capacitor as a function of time is given by q =  1 e  then find the value of /.
3 
 

17. Hard rubber has a dielectric constant of 2.8 and a dielectric strength (maximum electric field) of
18 × 106 volt/meter. If it is used as the dielectric material filling the full space in a parallel plate
capacitor. Minimum area may the plates of the capacitor have in order that the capacitance be
 2
7.0 × 102 F is equal to m . What should be the value of n if capacitor be able to withstand a
n
10–9
potential difference of 4000 volts. (0 = S.I unit)
36

18. Two square metal plates of side 1 m are kept 0.01 m apart like a parallel plate capacitor in air in such a
way that one of their edges is perpendicular to an oil surface in a tank filled with an insulating oil. The
plates are connected to a battery of 500 V. The plates are then lowered vertically into the oil at a speed
of 0.001 ms–1. The current n×10–9A drawn from the battery during the process. Then find the value of n.
(Dielectric constant of oil = 11], (0 = 8 × 10–12 C2 N–1 m–1)

PART - III : ONE OR MORE THAN ONE OPTIONS CORRECT TYPE

1. For a charged parallel plate capacitor shown in the figure, the force experienced by an alpha particle will
be :
C
B
A
(A) maximum at C (B) zero at A
(C) same at B and C (D) zero at C

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Capacitance
2. In an isolated parallel plate capacitor of capacitance C the four surfaces have
Q1 Q3
charges Q1,Q2,Q3 and Q4 as shown in the figure. The potential difference
between the plates is :
Q1  Q2 Q2 Q2 Q4
(A) (B)
C C

Q3 1
(C) (D) [(Q1  Q2 )  (Q3  Q4 )]
C C

3. In the figure shown the plates of a parallel plate capacitor have unequal charges. Its
capacitance is 'C'. P is a point outside the capacitor and close to the plate of charge
–Q. The distance between the plates is 'd'.
(A) A point charge at point 'P' will experience electric force due to capacitor
3Q
(B) The potential difference between the plates will be
2C
9Q2
(C) The energy stored in the electric field in the region between the plates is
8C
Q2
(D) The force on one plate due to the other plate is
2 0 d2

4. In the circuit shown in figure, each capacitor has a capacitance C. The emf C S

of the cell is E and circuit already in steady state. If the switch S is closed.
C
(A) some positive charge will flow out of the positive terminal of the cell C

(B) some positive charge will enter the positive terminal of the cell E
+ –
(C) the amount of charge flowing through the cell will be CE
4
(D) the amount of charge flowing through the cell will be   CE
3

5. Two similar condensers are connected in parallel and are charged to a

potential V. Now these are separated out and are connected in series. Then
(A) the energy stored in the system increases
(B) the potential difference between end points may becomes zero.
(C) the potential difference between end points may becomes 2V.
(D) the charge on the plates mutually connected nullifies.

6. We have a combination as shown in following figure. Choose the

correct options :
(A) The charge on each capacitor is 600 C
(B) The potential difference between the plates of C1 is 30 V
(C) The potential difference between the plates of C2 is 20 V
(D) The potential difference between the plates of C3 is 40 V

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Capacitance
7. Two capacitors of 2 F & 3 F are charged to 150 volt & 120 volt
respectively. The plates of a capacitor are connected as shown in the
fig. A discharged capacitor of capacity 1.5 F falls to the free ends of
the wire and connected through the free ends of the wire. Then :
(A) Charge on the 1.5 F capacitor will become 180 C at steady state.
(B) Charge on the 2 F capacitor will become 120 C at steady state.
(C) Positive charge flows through point A from left to right.
(D) Positive charge flows through point A from right to left.

8. When a charged capacitor is connected with an uncharged capacitor, then which of the following is/are
correct option/options.
(A) the magnitude of charge on the charged capacitor decreases.
(B) a steady state is obtained after which no further flow of charge occurs.
(C) the total potential energy stored in the capacitors remains conserved.
(D) the charge conservation is always true.

9. Rows of capacitors containing 1,2,4,8,.......... capacitors, each of capacitance A Row1 B

2F, are connected in parallel as shown in figure. The potential difference across Row2
AB = 10 volt, then : Row3
(A) Total capacitance across AB is 4F
(B) Charge of each capacitor will be same
(C) Charge on the capacitor in the first row is more than on any other capacitor
(D) Energy of all the capacitors is 50 J

10. The figure shows a diagonal symmetric arrangement of capacitors and a battery. If
the potential of C is zero, then (All the capacitors are initially uncharged).
(A) VA = + 20 V (B) 4(VA – VB) + 2(VD – VB) = 2VB
(C) 2(VA – VD) + 2(VB – VD) = 4VD (D) VA = VB + VD

11. In the adjoining diagram all the capacitors are initially uncharged, they are
connected with a battery as a shown in figure. Then
(A) Q1 = Q2 + Q3 and V = V1 + V2
V  V3
(B) Q1 = Q2 + Q3 and V = V1 + 2
2
(C) Q1 = Q2 + Q3 and V = V1 + V3
(D) Q2 = Q3 and V = V2 + V3

12. The charge on capacitor in two different RC circuits 1 and 2 are plotted as
shown in figure.
Choose the correct statement(s) related to the two circuits.
(A) Both the capacitors are charged to the same magnitude of charge
(B) The emf's of cells in both the circuits are equal.
(C) The emf's of the cells may be different
(D) The emf E1 is more than E2

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Capacitance
13. The instantaneous charge on capacitor in two discharging RC circuits is plotted q

with respect to time in figure. Choose the correct statement(s) (where E 1 and E2
qmax
are emfs of two DC sources in two different charging circuits and capacitors are 1

fully charged). 2
O t
R C
(A) R1C1 > R2C2 (B) 1  2
R 2 C1
(C) R1 > R2 if E1 = E2 (D) C2 > C1 if E1 = E2

14. Capacitor C1 of the capacitance 1 microfarad and capacitor C 2 of capacitance 2 microfarad are
separately charged fully by a common battery. The two capacitors are then separately allowed to
discharge through equal resistors at time t = 0.
(A) the current in each of the two discharging circuits is zero at t = 0.
(B) the current in the two discharging circuits at t = 0 are equal but non zero.
(C) the current in the two discharging circuits at t = 0 are unequal
(D) capacitor C1 loses 50% of its initial charge sooner than C2 loses 50% of its initial charge

15. In the circuit shown in figure the switch S is closed at t = 0.

A long time after closing the switch
(A) Voltage drop across the capacitor is E
E
(B) Current through the battery is
R1  R 2  R3
2
1  (R 2  R3 )E 
(C) Energy stored in the capacitor is C  
2  R1  R 2  R3 
(D) Current through the resistance R4 becomes zero

16. The terminals of a battery of emf V are connected to the two plates of a parallel plate capacitor. If the
space between the plates of the capacitor is filled with an insulator of dielectric constant K, then :
(A) the electric field in the space between the plates does not change
(B) the capacitance of the capacitor increases
(C) the charge stored in the capacitor increases
(D) the electrostatic energy stored in the capacitor decreases

17. A parallel plate capacitor of plate area A & plate separation d is charged to a potential difference
V & then the battery disconnected. A slab of dielectric constant K is then inserted between the plates of the
capacitor so as to fill the space between the plates. If Q, E and W denote respectively, the magnitude of the
charge on each plate, the magnitude of the electric field between the plates (after the slab is inserted) & the
magnitude of the work done on the system, in the process of inserting the slab, then :
0 AV 0 KAV V 0 AV 2  1
(A) Q = (B) Q = (C) E = (D) W =  1 
d d Kd 2d  K 

18. The plates of a parallel plate capacitor with no dielectric are connected to a voltage source. Now a
dielectric of dielectric constant K is inserted to fill the whole space between the plates with voltage
source remaining connected to the capacitor.
(A) the energy stored in the capacitor will become Ktimes
(B) the electric field inside the capacitor will decrease to K-times
(C) the force of attraction between the plates will increase to K2 – times
(D) the charge on the capacitor will increase to K-times

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Capacitance
19. A parallel plate capacitor has a dielectric slab in it. The slab just fills the space inside the capacitor. The
capacitor is charged by a battery and the battery is disconnected. Now the slab is started to pull out
uniformly at t = 0. If at time t, capacitance of the capacitor is C, potential difference across plate is V, and
energy stored in it is U, then which of the following graphs are correct ?

(A) (B) (C) (D)

20. A parallel plate air capacitor is connected to a battery. The quantities charge, electric field and energy
associated with this capacitor are given by Q0, V0, E0 and U0 respectively. A dielectric slab is now
introduced to fill the space between the plates with the battery still in connection. The corresponding
quantities now given by Q, V, E and U are related to the previous one as ;
(A) Q > Q0 (B) V > V0 (C) E > E0 (D) U > U0

21. On a parallel plate capacitor following operations can be performed.

P – connect the capacitor to a battery of emf V
Q – disconnect the battery
R – reconnect the battery with polarity reversed
S – insert a dielectric slab in the capacitor
(A) In PQR (perform P, then Q, then R), the stored electric energy remains unchanged and no thermal
energy is developed
(B) The charge appearing on the capacitor is greater after the action PSQ then after the action PQS
(C) The electric energy stored in the capacitor is greater after the action SPQ then after the action PQS
(D) The electric field in the capacitor after the action PS is the same as that after SP

PART - IV : COMPREHENSION
Comprehension 1

Capacitor C3 in the circuit is a variable capacitor (its capacitance can be varied). Graph is plotted
between potential difference V1 (across capacitor C1) versus C3. Electric potential V1 approaches on
asymptote of 10 V as C3 .

C1

V
C2 C3

1. EMF of the battery is equal to :

(A) 10 V (B) 12 V (C) 16 V (D) 20 V

2. The capacitance of the capacitor C1 has value :

(A) 2 F (B) 6 F (C) 8 F (D) 12 F

3. The capacitance of C2 is equal to :

(A) 2 F (B) 6 F (C) 8 F (D) 12 F
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Capacitance
Comprehension 2 
In the shown circuit involving a resistor of resistance R , capacitor of capacitance C farad and an ideal
cell of emf E volts, the capacitor is initially uncharged and the key is in position 1. At t = 0 second the
key is pushed to position 2 for t0 = RC seconds and then key is pushed back to position 1 for t0 = RC
seconds. This process is repeated again and again. Assume the time taken to push key from position
1 to 2 and vice versa to be negligible.

R
C
2 E

1
K

4. The charge on capacitor at t = 2RC second is

 1 1 1   1 1 
(A) CE (B) CE  1   (C) CE   2  (D) CE  1   2 
 e e e   e e 

5. The current through the resistance at t = 1.5 RC seconds is

E 1 E 1 E 1 E 1
(A) (1  )
2
(B) (1  ) (C) (1  ) (D) (1  )
eR e eR e R e eR e

6. Then the variation of charge on capacitor with time is best represented by
q q q q

(A) (B) (C) (D)

t t t t

 Marked Questions can be used as Revision Questions.

* Marked Questions may have more than one correct option.

PART - I : JEE (ADVANCED) / IIT-JEE PROBLEMS (PREVIOUS YEARS)

1. At time t = 0, a battery of 10 V is connected across points A and B in
the given circuit. If the capacitors have no charge initially, at what
time (in seconds) does the voltage across them become 4 V ?
[Take : n 5 = 1.6, n 3 = 1.1] [JEE' 2010 ; 3/163 ]

2. A 2F capacitor is charged as shown in figure. The percentage of its

stored energy dissipated after the switch S is turned to position 2 is
[JEE' 2010 ; 3/160, –1]
(A) 0% (B) 20%
(C) 75% (D) 80%

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Capacitance
3. In the given circuit, a charge of +80 C is given to the upper plate of the
4F capacitor. Then in the steady state, the charge on the upper plate of
the 3F capacitor is : [IIT-JEE-2012, Paper-2; 3/66, –1]
(A) +32 C (B) +40 C
(C) +48 C (D) +80 C

4.* In the circuit shown in the figure, there are two parallel plate
capacitors each of capacitance C. The switch S1 is pressed
first to fully charge the capacitor C1 and then released. The
switch S2 is then pressed to charge the capacitor C2. After
some time, S2 is released and then S3 is pressed. After some
time. [JEE (Advanced) 2013, 3/60]
(A) the charge on the upper plate of C1 is 2CV0
(B) the charge on the upper plate of C1 is CV0
(C) the charge on the upper plate of C2 is 0
(D) the charge on the upper plate of C2 is –CV0

5.* A parallel plate capacitor has a dielectric slab of dielectric constant K between its
plates that covers 1/3 of the area of its plates, as shown in the figure. The total
capacitance of the capacitor is C while that of the portion with dielectric in between
is C1. When the capacitor is charged, the plate area covered by the dielectric gets
charge Q1 and the rest of the area gets charge Q2. Choose the correct
option/options, igonoring edge effects. [JEE (Advanced) 2014,P-1, 3/60]
E1 E1 1
(A) 1 (B) 
E2 E2 K

Q1 3 C 2K
(C)  (D) 
Q2 K C1 K

6. A parallel plate capacitor having plates of area S and plate separation

d, has capacitance C1 in air. When two dielectrics of different relative
permittivities (1 = 2 and 2 = 4) are introduced between the two plates
C2
as shown in the figure, the capacitance becomes C2. The ratio is
C1

[JEE (Advanced) 2015 ; P-2, 4/88, –2]

(A) 6/5 (B) 5/3
(C) 7/5 (D) 7/3

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Capacitance
7.* In the circuit shown below, the key is pressed at time t = 0. Which of the following statement(s) is (are)
true? [JEE (Advanced) 2016 ; P-2, 4/62, –2]
40F 25k
–
V
+
50k 20F
A

+ –
key 5V
(A) The voltmeter displays –5 V as soon as the key is pressed, and displays +5 V after a long time
(B) The voltmeter will display 0 V at time t = n 2 seconds
(C) The current in the ammeter becomes 1/e of the initial value after 1 second
(D) The current in the ammeter becomes zero after a long time

8. An infinite line charge of uniform electric charge density  lies along the axis of an electrically
conducting infinite cylindrical shell of radius R. At time t = 0, the space inside the cylinder is filled with a
material of permittivity  and electrical conductivity . The electrical conduction in the material follows
Ohm's law. Which one of the following graphs best describes the subsequent variation of the magnitude
of current density j (t) at any point in the material? [JEE (Advanced) 2016 ; P-1, 3/62, –1 ]
j (t) j (t)

(A) (B)

t t
(0, 0) (0, 0)

j (t) j (t)

(C) (D)

t t
(0, 0) (0, 0)

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Capacitance
PARAGRAPH -1
Consider a simple RC circuit as shown in figure 1.
Process 1 : In the circuit the switch S is closed at t = 0 and the capacitor is fully charged to voltage V 0
(i.e., charging continues for time T>> RC). In the process some dissipation (E D) occurs across the
resistance R. The amount of energy finally stored in the fully charged capacitor is E C.
V
Process 2 : In a different process the voltage is first set to 0 and maintained for a charging time
3
2V0
T >>RC. Then the voltage is raised to without discharging the capacitor and again maintained for
3
a time T >> RC. The process is repeated one more time by raising the voltage to V 0 and the capacitor is
charged to the same final voltage V0 as in Process 1.
These two processes are depicted in figure 2.
V
Process1
V0

S 2V0/3
Process2 T>>RC
R
V0/3

V +– C

T 2T t

Figure 1 Figure 2

9. In process 1, the energy stored in the capacitor EC and heat dissipated across resistance ED are related
by :
[JEE (Advanced) 2017 ; P-2, 3/61]
1
(A) EC  ED (B) EC = ED ln 2 (C) EC = 2ED (D) EC = ED
2

10. In process 2, total energy dissipated across the resistance ED is : [JEE (Advanced) 2017 ; P-2, 3/61]
1  1 1  1
(A) ED = 3  CV02  (B) ED   CV02  (C) ED  3CV02 (D) ED  CV02
 2  3  2  2

11. Three identical capacitors C1, C2 and C3 have a capacitance of 1.0 F each and they are uncharged
initially. They are connected in a circuit as shown in the figure and C1 is then filled completely with a
dielectric material of relative permittivity r. The cell electromotive force (emf) V0 = 8V. First the switch
S1 is closed while the switch S2 is kept open. When the capacitor C3 is fully charged, S1 is opened and
S2 is closed simultaneously. When all the capacitors reach equilibrium, the charge on C3 is found to be
5C. The value of r =____________. [JEE (Advanced) 2018 ; P-1, 3/60]

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Capacitance
12.* In the circuit shown, initially there is no charge on capacitors and keys S 1 and S2 are open. The values
of the capacitors are C1 = 10F, C2 = 30F, and C3 = C4 = 80F. Which statements is/are correct :
[JEE (Advanced) 2019 ; P-1, 3/62]

C4 5V 30
S1 P

S2
C1
C2 C3
70 30
10V
Q
100
(A) The key S1 is kept closed for long time such that capacitors are fully charged. Now key S2 is closed,
at this time the instantaneous current across 30 resistor (between points P & Q) will be 0.2A (round
off to 1st decimal place).
(B) If key S1 is kept closed for long time such that capacitors are fully charged, the voltage across C1
will be 4V.
(C) At time t = 0, if the key S1 is closed, the instantaneous current in the closed circuit will be 25 mA
(D) if S1 is kept closed for long time such that capacitors are fully charged, the voltage difference
between P and Q will be 10V.

13. A parallel plate capacitor of capacitance C has spacing d between two plates having area A. The region
d
between the plates is filled with N dielectric layers, parallel to its plates, each with thickness   . The
N
 m
dielectric constant of the mth s layer is Km = K  1   . For a very large N(> 103), the capacitance C is
 N

 K 0 A 
  . The value of  will be _____ . [ 0 is the permittivity of free space]
 d In 2 
[JEE (Advanced) 2019 ; P-1, 3/62]

PART - II : JEE (MAIN) / AIEEE PROBLEMS (PREVIOUS YEARS)

1. Let C be the capacitance of a capacitor discharging through a resistor R. Suppose t 1 is the time taken
for the energy stored in the capacitor to reduce to half its initial value and t 2 is the time taken for the
charge to reduce to one-fourth its initial value. Then the ratio t1/t2 will be [AIEEE 2010, 4/144]
1 1
(1) 1 (2) (3) (4) 2
2 4

2. A resistor 'R' and 2F capacitor in series is connected through a switch to 200 V direct supply. Across
the capacitor is a neon bulb that lights up at 120 V. Calculate the value of R to make the bulb light up 5s
after the switch has been closed. (log102.5 = 0.4) [AIEEE 2011, 4/120, –1]
(1) 1.3 × 104  (2) 1.7 × 105  (3) 2.7 × 106  (4) 3.3 × 107 

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Capacitance
3. Combination of two identical capacitors, a resistor R and a dc voltage source of voltage 6V is used in
an experiment on a (C – R) circuit. It is found that for a parallel combination of the capacitor the time in
which the voltage of the fully charged combination reduces to half its original voltage is 10 second. For
series combination the time needed for reducing the voltage of the fully charged series combination by
half is : [AIEEE 2011, 11 May; 4/120, –1]
(1) 10 second (2) 5 second (3) 2.5 second (4) 20 second

4. The figure shows an experimental plot discharging of a capacitor in an RC circuit. The time constant 
of this circuit lies between : [AIEEE 2012 ; 4/120, –1]

(1) 150 sec and 200 sec (2) 0 and 50 sec

(3) 50 sec and 100 sec (4) 100 sec and 150 sec

5. Two capacitors C1 and C2 are charged to 120 V and 200 V respectively. It is found that by connecting
them together the potential on each one can be made zero. Then : [JEE (Main) 2013 ; 4/120, –1]

(1) 5C1 = 3C2 (2) 3C1 = 5C2 (3) 3C1 + 5C2 = 0 (4) 9C1 = 4C2

6. A parallel plate capacitor is made of two circular plates separated by a distance of 5 mm and with a
dielectric of dielectric constant 2.2 between them. When the electric field in the dielectric is 3 × 10 4 V/m,
the charge density of the positive plate will be close to : [JEE(Main) 2014 ; 4/120, –1]
(1) 6 × 10–7C/m2 (2) 3 × 10–7C/m2 (3) 3 × 104C/m2 (4) 6 × 104C/m2

7. In the given circuit, charge Q2 on the 2F capacitor changes as C is varied from 1F to 3F. Q2 as a
function of 'C' is given properly by : (figures are drawn schematically and are not to scale)
[JEE (Main) 2015; 4/120, –1]

(1) (2) (3) (4)

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Capacitance
8. A combination of capacitors is set up as shown in the figure. The magnitude 3F
4F
of the electric field, due to a point charge Q (having a charge equal to the 9F
sum of the charges on the 4F and 9F capacitors), at a point distance 30 m
from it, would equal : [JEE (Main) 2016; 4/120, –1] 2F

(1) 360 N/C (2) 420 N/C

(3) 480 N/C (4) 240 N/C + –
8V

9. A capacitance of 2F is required in an electrical circuit across a potential difference of 1.0 kV. A large
number of 1F capacitors are available which can withstand a potential difference of not more than 300 V.
The minimum number of capacitors required to achieve this is : [JEE (Main) 2017; 4/120, –1]
(1) 32 (2) 2 (3) 16 (4) 24

10. In the given circuit diagram when the current reaches steady state in the E r
circuit, the charge on the capacitor of capacitance C will be :
[JEE (Main) 2017; 4/120, –1]
r1
r1
(1) CE (2) CE
 r1  r  C
r1 r2
(3) CE (4) CE
 r2  r   r  r2  r2

11. A parallel plate capacitor of capacitance 90 pF is connected to a battery of emf 20V. If a dielectric
5
material of dielectric constant K = is inserted between the plates, the magnitude of the induced
3
charge will be : [JEE (Main) 2018; 4/120, –1]
(1) 2.4 n C (2) 0.9 n C (3) 1.2 n C (4) 0.3 n C

12. A parallel plate capacitor has 1F capacitance. One of its two plates is given +2C charge and the
other plate, +4C charge. The potential difference developed across the capacitor is :
[JEE (Main) 2019; 4/120, –1]
(1) 5V (2) 2 V (3) 3 V (4) 1 V

13.

x
A parallel plate capacitor has plates of area A separated by distance 'd' between them. It is filled with a
dielectric which has a dielectric constant that varies as k(x) = K(1 + x) where 'x' is the distance
measured from one of the plates. If (d) << 1, the total capacitance of the system is best given by the
expression: [JEE (Main) 2020; 4/120, –1_07-01-20 (Shift-1)]
A 0 K  2 d2  A 0 K   d  
2
AK 0  d  AK 0
1   1 1    (4) 1  d
d  2 
(1) (2) (3) 
d  2  
d   2    d

14. Effective capacitance of parallel combination of two capacitors C 1 and C2 is 10F. When these
capacitors are individually connected to a voltage source of 1V, the energy stored in the capacitor C2 is
4 times that of C1. If these capacitors are connected in series, their effective capacitance will be:
[JEE (Main) 2020; 4/120, –1_08-01-20 (Shift-1)]
(1) 4.2 F (2) 8.4 F (3) 3.2 F (4) 1.6 F

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Capacitance

EXERCISE # 1 Section (D)

PART - I 10 7
Section (A) : D-1. F = 0.25F
ln(3 / 2)
16 (i) (a) 10 s (b) 2 C (c) 10 ln2 = 6.93
A-1. (i) 6 V (ii) 90 J (iii) (a) V D-2.
3
sec. (ii) q = (2 e–5 )C = 1.348 x 108 C
5 Q5F 1
(b) J (c)  D-3. q = 20 × 10–4 (1 – e–2)e–2 = 233.55 C
3 Q10F 2 D-4. 40(1 – e–2)e–2 J = 4.7 J.
80 160
(d) Q5F = C Q10F = C
3 3
q2 D-5.
A-2.
2k 0 A
A-3. Work done by the field = Q (V1  V2)
0 CV(1 – e–t/Cr) + q0e–t/Cr
A-4.  1010 kg = 4.425 g D-6.
2g

A-5. (i)
q2  x 2  x1 
(ii) (–) 2

0 SV 2 x1  x1
1
 D-7. 25 V and 75 V.

20 S 2 Section (E)

Section (B) E-2. (i) 200 = 180 pF (ii) 5.4 × 10–7 C
 1 (iii) 540 pF (iv) 3
B-1. (a)  (b) (c)  (d) C2
R 2 (v) 27 × 10 C N1 m2
–12 2

(vi) 3 × 105 V/m (vii) 1 × 105 V/m

2 2
(e) (f) 0 A t 2 U 3
R R E-3. C= , = , i = ,
t d 3 UF 2
dt
k
B-2. Vo = 20 V
q2d
U = –
B-3. –22 V 6 0 A
(2  1) (1   2 ) Ei 1 1 k 1
B-4. V1 = , V2 = E-4.  (1 + k), q = C
 C1   C2  Ef 2 2 k 1
1  1 
 C2   C1 
0 AV 2  1 
Section (C) E-5.  2K  1
2d  
0 bv 2 (K  1)
C-1. (i) 20 C, 40 C, 60 C (ii) 2400 J E-6.
2dKS
(iii) 1200 J
0 b 
(K 2  1)2  (K1  1) 1 
2 2
E-7.
C-2. (a) five 2 F capacitors in series 2dK S  
(b) 3 parallel rows; each consisting of five 2bm
2.0 F capacitors in series E-8. 4.
0 V 2 (K  1)
C-3. (a) 10 F, (b) 10F, (c) 10F
C-4. (a) 700/3 V at each point (b) zero
C-5. (a) C/2, (b) –C, (c) C2/2
E-9.
(d) C2/4 (e) C2/4
C-6. 4 C, 16 C, 12 C and 32 C, 1 A.

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Capacitance
18. (D) 19. (D) 20. (A)
E-10. (i) C = e0A/d 21. (B) 22. (B) 23. (D)
(ii) on outer surfaces charge = q 24. (C) 25. (D)
on inner surfaces charge = 0
(iii) E = 0 (iv) V = 0 (v) U = 0 PART - II
1. 06.00 2. 03.00
PART - II 3. (a) 16.00 (b) 48.00 (c) 96.00
4. (a) 50.00 (b) 10.00
Section (A) 5. (a) 10.00 (b) 10.00
A-1. (A) A-2. (D) 6. 45.00 7. 45.00 8. 24.00
A-3. (i) (C) (ii) (D) (iii) (D) (iv)(C) 9. 06.00 10. 09.00 11. 10.00
A-4. (B) A-5. (B) 12. (i) 6.00 (ii) 54.00 13. 12.00
Section (B) 14. 20.00F
B-1. (B) B-2. (C) B-3. (D) 15. 02.00 . 16. 01.00
B-4. (C) B-5. (A) 17. 05.00 18. 04.00
Section (C) PART - III
C-1. (B) C-2. (C) C-3. (D)
C-4. (B) C-5. (A) C-6. (B) 1. (B,C) 2. (B,C) 3. (A,B,C)
C-7. (C) C-8. (C) 4. (A,D) 5. (B,C) 6. (A,B,C,D)
Section (D) 7. (A,B,C) 8. (A,B,D) 9. (A,C)
D-1. (i) (C) (ii) (A) (iii) (C) (iv) (C) 10. (A,B,C,D)11. (A,B,C) 12. (A,C)
D-2. (A) D-3. (i) (A) (ii)(C) 13. (A,C) 14. (B,D) 15. (B,C,D)
D-4. (C) 16. (A,B,C) 17. (A,C,D) 18. (A,C,D)
D-5. (i) (B) (ii) (C) (iii) (A) 19. (A,B,C,D) 20. (A,D)
D-6. (C) D-7. (C) D-8. (D) 21. (B,C,D)
D-9. (C) PART - IV
Section (E) 1. (A) 2. (C) 3. (A)
E-1. (B) E-2. (C) E-3. (A) 4. (C) 5. (D) 6. (C)
E-4. (A) E-5. (C) E-6. (A)
E-7. (A) E-8. (C) EXERCISE 3
PART - I
PART - III
1. 2 sec 2. (D) 3. (C)
1. (A) p (B) r (C) q (D) p 4. (B,D) 5. (A,D) 6. (D)
2. (A) p,q,s (B) p,r,s (C) p,q (D) p,r 7. (A,B,C,D)8. (C) 9. (D)
EXERCISE 2 10. (B) 11. 1.50 12. (B,C)
PART - I 13. 1.00
1. (B) 2. (A) 3. (D) PART - II
4. (C) 5. (D) 6. (B) 1. (3) 2. (3) 3. (3)
7. (A) 8. (i) (D) (ii) (A) 4. (4) 5. (2) 6. (1)
9. (D) 10. (B) 11. (D) 7. (2) 8. (2) 9. (1)
12. (i) (A) (ii) (D) (iii)(B) 10. (4) 11. (3) 12. (4)
13. (A) (ii) (D) 14. (B) 13. (2) 14. (4)
15. (A) 16. (C) 17. (A)

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