10

Technology and
Livelihood Education
(Technical Drafting)
Quarter 1 – Module 3
Manipulating CAD Features as per Job
Requirement

Department Education • Republic of the Philippines

Technology and Livelihood Education-Information and Communications
Technology - Technical Drafting Grade 10
Alternative Delivery Mode
Quarter 1 – Module 3: Manipulating CAD features as per job requirement
First Edition, 2020

Republic Act 8293, section 176 states that: No copyright shall subsist in any
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use these materials from their respective copyright owners. The publisher and
authors do not represent nor claim ownership over them.

Published by the Department of Education

Development Team of the Module

Author: Louimeh N. Borinaga
Reviewers: Renato M. Gagarani
Mary Jane R. Cardente, PhD
Illustrator and Layout Artist: Louimeh N. Borinaga

Management Team:
Chairperson: Arturo B. Bayocot, PhD, CESO III
Regional Director

Chairpersons: Victor G. De Gracia, Jr., PhD, CESO V

Asst. Regional Director

Randolph B. Tortola, PhD, CESO IV

Schools Division Superintendent
Shambaeh A. Usman, PhD
Asst. Schools Division Superintendent
Mala Epra B. Magnaong, Chief ES, CLMD
Neil A. Improgo, PhD, EPS-LRMS
Bienvenido U. Tagolimot, Jr., EPS-ADM

Members: Elbert R. Francisco, PhD, Chief ES, CID

Mary Jane R. Cardente, PhD, EPS in TLE
Rejynne Mary L. Ruiz, PhD, LRMDS Manager
Jeny B. Timbal, PDO II
Shella O. Bolasco, Division Librarian II
Printed in the Philippines by
Department of Education – Division of Bukidnon
Office Address: Fortich Street, Sumpong, Malaybalay City
Telefax: (088) 813-3634
E-mail Address: [email protected]
Website: depedbukidnon.net.ph
 10
Technology and
Livelihood Education
(Technical Drafting)
Quarter 1 – Module 3
Manipulating CAD Features as per Job
Requirement

Department Education • Republic of the Philippines

Introductory Message
For the Facilitator:
Welcome to the Technology and Livelihood Education –
Information and Communications Technology - Technical Drafting
Grade 10 Alternative Delivery Mode (ADM) Module on Preparing Computer
Aided Drawing (CAD)!
This module was collaboratively designed, developed, and reviewed by
educators both from public and private institutions to assist you, the teacher,
or facilitator in helping the learners meet the standards set by the K to 12
Curriculum while overcoming their personal, social, and economic constraints
in schooling.
This learning resource hopes to engage the learners in guided and
independent learning activities at their own pace and time. Furthermore, this
also aims to help learners acquire the needed 21st century skills while taking
into consideration their needs and circumstances.
In addition to the material in the main text, you will also see this box in
the body of the module:

Notes to the Teacher

This contains helpful tips or
strategies that will help you in guiding the
learners.

As a facilitator you are expected to orient the learners on how to use

this module. You also need to keep track of the learners' progress while
allowing them to manage their own learning. Furthermore, you are expected
to encourage and assist the learners as they do the tasks included in the
module.
For the Learner:
Welcome to the Technology and Livelihood Education –
Information and Communications Technology - Technical Drafting
Grade 10 Alternative Delivery Mode (ADM) Module on Preparing Computer
Aided Drawing (CAD)!
The hand is one of the most symbolized parts of the human body. It is
often used to depict skill, action, and purpose. Through our hands, we may
learn, create, and accomplish. Hence, the hand in this learning resource
signifies that you as a learner is capable and empowered to successfully
ii
achieve the relevant competencies and skills at your own pace and time. Your
academic success lies in your own hands!
This module was designed to provide you with fun and meaningful
opportunities for guided and independent learning at your own pace and time.
You will be enabled to process the contents of the learning resource while
being an active learner.
This module has the following parts and corresponding icons:

What I Need to This will give you an idea of the skills or

Know competencies you are expected to learn
in the module.

What I Know This part includes an activity that aims to

check what you already know about the
lesson to take. If you get all the answers
correct (100%), you may decide to skip
this module.

What’s In This is a brief drill or review to help you

link the current lesson with the previous
one.

What’s New In this portion, the new lesson will be

introduced to you in various ways such as
a story, a song, a poem, a problem
opener, an activity, or a situation.

What Is It This section provides a brief discussion of

the lesson. This aims to help you discover
and understand new concepts and skills.

What’s More This comprises activities for independent

practice to solidify your understanding and
skills of the topic. You may check the
answers to the exercises using the
Answer Key at the end of the module.
What I Have This includes questions or blank
Learned sentences/paragraphs to be filled in to
process what you learned from the
lesson.

What I Can Do This section provides an activity that will

help you transfer your new knowledge or
skill in real life situations or concerns.

Assessment This is a task which aims to evaluate your

level of mastery in achieving the learning

iii
 competency.

Additional Activities In this portion, another activity will be

given to you to enrich your knowledge or
skill of the lesson learned. This also tends
retention of learned concepts.

Answer Key This contains answers to all activities in

the module.

At the end of this module you will also find:

References This is a list of all sources used in developing

this module.
The following are some reminders in using this module:
1. Use the module with care. Do not put unnecessary mark/s on any part
of the module. Use a separate sheet of paper in answering the
exercises.
2. Don’t forget to answer What I Know before moving on to the other
activities included in the module.
3. Read the instruction carefully before doing each task.
4. Observe honesty and integrity in doing the tasks and checking your
answers.
5. Finish the task at hand before proceeding to the next.
6. Return this module to your teacher/facilitator once you are through with
it.
If you encounter any difficulty in answering the tasks in this module, do
not hesitate to consult your teacher or facilitator. Always bear in mind that you
are not alone.
We hope that through this material, you will experience meaningful
learning and gain deep understanding of the relevant competencies. You can
do it!

iv
 TABLE OF CONTENTS

Page
COVER PAGE
COPYRIGHT PAGE
TITLE PAGE
INTRODUCTORY MESSAGE
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Lesson 1: Basic Drawing Tools
What I Need to Know 1
What I Know 2
What’s In 3
What’s New 4
What Is It 5
What’s More 11
What I Have Learned 12
What I Can Do 13
Assessment 14
Additional Activities 15
Lesson 2: Object Selection
What I Need to Know 16
What I Know 17
What’s In 18
What’s New 19
What Is It 20
What’s More 23
What I Have Learned 24
What I Can Do 25
Assessment 25
Additional Activities 27
Lesson 3: Modifying Tools
What I Need to Know 28

v
 What I Know 29
What’s In 30
What’s New 31
What Is It 32
What’s More 43
What I Have Learned 44
What I Can Do 45
Assessment 46
Additional Activities 47
Lesson 4: Drawing Aids
What I Need to Know 48
What I Know 49
What’s In 50
What’s New 51
What Is It 51
What’s More 57
What I Have Learned 57
What I Can Do 58
Assessment 58
Additional Activities 60
Lesson 5: AutoCAD Block and Special Key Functions
What I Need to Know 61
What I Know 62
What’s In 63
What’s New 64
What Is It 65
What’s More 70
What I Have Learned 70
What I Can Do 71
Assessment 72
Additional Activities 73
Summative Assessment 74
Answer Key 76

vi
References 79

vii
Lesson
Basic Drawing Tools
1
This lesson is to empower the student to get ready and to familiarize
himself with the diverse drawing tools required in working the CAD software.

What I Need to Know

The lesson begins with a step by step instructions followed by work

outlined for practicing the commands you learned inside that lesson. The
approach utilized is to familiarize you with the drawing commands first. After
you're comfortable with the drawing commands, you may be instructed to
make your own setup drawings. The lessons are orchestrated to take after the
standard grouping of the course. But the arrangement in which you examined
them can be changed to compare with the reading material you're presently
utilizing.
Draw toolbar has commands and these are located at the selection
bar. Draw commands are used for drawing of objects such as lines, polyline,
rectangle, polygon, donut, arc, circle, and spline which will be tackled in this
lesson.
This toolbar is used for creating two-dimensional drawings. The
process or procedure on how to use draw commands in AutoCAD will be
explained giving the details of each command in the latter.
To begin, let us find out the competencies you will gain upon
completion of this lesson.

After going through this lesson, you are expected to:

1. Identify appropriate drawing tools as per job requirements.
2. Understand the definition and uses of each drawing tool.
3. Create illustrations using basic CAD drawing tools.

1
 What I Know

Pre-Test
Multiple Choice
Directions. Choose the letter of the best answer. Write the chosen letter on a
separate sheet of paper.
1. What is the shortcut key for spline?
a. L c. SPL
b. SL d. S
2. Which drawing command or tool is closed polyline consisting of two arc
segments having a given width?
a. polygon c. rectangle
b. donut d. circle
3. What command is used to draw a rectangle whose sides are vertical
and horizontal?
a. L c. Rec
b. PL d. C
4. What is the command for polygon?
a. PL c. PG
b. P d. POL
5. What type of object snap that breaks to the mid points of lines and arcs
and to the mid-point of polyline segments?
a. end-point c. mid-point
b. intersection d. extension
6. What is the difference between polyline from a line?
a. composed of a several of fragments which form a single object
b. composed of a single of fragment which forms a single object
c. composed of a several of fragments which form multiple object
d. composed of a several of fragments which form a non-object
7. How many sides can the polygon command be used to utilize in
drawing any customary polygon?
a. from 3 to 10 c. from 3 to 1111
b. from 3 to 1024 d. from 3 to 102
8. How many pick point is used in the default strategy of an arc drawing?
a. 1 c. 3
b. 2 d. 4
9. What do you call to a drawing that can be a smooth bend and can be
fitted along with several of control point?
a. line c. polygon
b. circle d. spline

2
 10. What is the command for “L”?
a. left c. line
b. linear d. lining
11. Which of the following is necessary in setting the fillet command?
a. angle c. base point
b. distance d. radius
12. Which of the following is important on setting the chamfer command?
a. angle point 1 and 2
b. distance 1 and 2
c. base point 1 and 2
d. radius 1 and 2
13. Which command is used to change the size of existing objects?
a. move c. scale
b. rotate d. zoom
14. What drawing command has a shortcut of “EL”?
a. ellipse c. envelope
b. elongated d. enlight
15. What do you call to a plane curve surrounding two focal points, such
that for all points on the curve, the sum of the two distances to the focal
points is a constant?
a. ellipse c. oval
b. elongated d. arc

What’s In

AutoCAD is a leading CAD program, with hundreds of businesses

utilizing it each day. In case you’ve ever attempted it out sometime recently,
you’ll know that the program can appear exceptionally progressed on the off
chance that you don’t know what you’re doing. There are numerous tools and
AutoCAD commands to grasp with—not to say the genuine interface.
Sometime recently you indeed began a drawing. You’ll have to get into
grips with AutoCAD’s interface, which you have learned within the past
lesson. You were gone through a fundamental introduction of AutoCAD, so it’s
imperative to simply test out the interface altogether after you’ve completed
the lesson.
This chapter will allow you to have an outline of a typical AutoCAD
drawing session. You look at a few of the essential operations you may do on
a day-to-day premise when using AutoCAD, including beginning an AutoCAD
session, drawing, and altering.

3
 Now you simply have identified and investigated AutoCAD working
environment and features. You are now prepared to explore more around the
essential drawing tools in CAD.

Notes to the Teacher

Explain to the learners the fundamental drawing tools
utilized in CAD and direct learners within the operation of the
distinctive commands in CAD.

What’s New

Before proceeding to the next page, study the drawing below and
identify the drawing tools being used. Write your answer in a separate sheet
of paper or in your notebook.

Source: https://images.app.goo.gl/K4n75Xj3Pkd9LaZz7

4
 What Is It

Basic Drawing Tools

Like most program, AutoCAD comes with an essential ribbon toolbar
containing drawing tools, alteration or modification tools and controls. By
default, it’s shown over the top of the drawing window—you can select to
show it vertically to the left or right of the window or as a floating palette.
The draw toolbar includes a command found at the selection bar. Draw
commands are utilized for drawing of objects such as lines, constructed lines,
polyline, polygon, rectangle, arc, circle, oval and circle curves.
The segments underneath cover the most frequently utilized draw
commands such as line, polyline and circle, as well as the more progressed
commands like multiline and multiline fashion. As a newcomer to AutoCAD,
you will wish to skip the more advanced commands and arrange to
appropriately master the basics. You'll continuously return to this instructional
exercise within the future after you will get aced with the essentials and will
become more confident.
In common with most AutoCAD commands, the draw commands begin
in a several of ways. Command names or easy routes can be entered at the
console. Commands can begin from the draw pull-down menu, appear on the
drawing toolbar. The strategy you employ is dependent upon the sort of work
you're doing and how experienced you are as a user. Do not worry too much
about this. Just use whatever strategy you feel the easiest or the most
convenient at the time. Your drawing method will improve over time and with
involvement. So do not anticipate to be working quickly to begin with.
The Line Command
With the line command you'll draw a simple line from one point to
another. Once you choose the first point and move the cross-hairs to the
location of the second point. You'll see an elastic band line which shows you
where the line will be drawn when the second point is picked.
Command: LINE or L (enter)
Specify to begin with point: (choose P1)

5
Specify next point or [Undo]: (pick P2)
Specify next point or [Undo]: [press esc or enter]
The Polyline Command
The polyline or Pline command is comparable to the line command but
the resulting protest may be composed of a several of fragments that form a
single object. In expansion to the two ends, a polyline is said to have vertices
(singular vertex) where middle line segments connect. In hone the polyline
command works within the same way as the line command permitting you to
choose numerous points as you like. With the line command, you too have the
choice to consequently close a polyline end. To do this, type C to use the
close choice rather than hitting. Follow the command grouping underneath to
see how this works.

Command: PLINE or PL [enter]

Specify start point: (pick P1)
Current line-width is 0.0000
Specify next point or [Arc/Half width/Length/Undo/Width]: (pick P2)
Specify next point or [Arc/Close/Half width/Length/Undo/Width]: (pick P3)

6
Specify next point or [Arc/Close/Half width/Length/Undo/Width]: (pick P4)
Specify next point or [Arc/Close/Half width/Length/Undo/Width]: (pick P5)
Specify next point or [Arc/Close/Half width/Length/Undo/Width]: (or C to close)
The Rectangle Command
The rectangle command is utilized to draw a rectangle whose sides are
vertical and flat. The position and measure of the rectangle are characterized
by picking two inclining corners. The rectangle is not an AutoCAD object at all.
It is, in truth, fair a closed polyline that is consequently drawn for you.
Command: RECTANG or REC [enter]
Specify first corner point or
[Chamfer/Elevation/Fillet/
Thickness/Width]: (pick P1)
Specify other corner point or [Dimensions]: (pick P2)

First Point

Second Point

The rectangle command also has some options. Width works in the
same way as the polyline command. The chamfer and fillet options have the
same effect as the chamfer and fillet commands.
The Polygon Command
The polygon command can be utilized to draw any customary polygon
from 3 sides up to 1024 sides. This command requires four inputs from the
user, the number of sides, and a Choose point for the center of the polygon,
whether you want the polygon inscribed or circumscribed. After that choose
the point which determines both the radius of this imaginary circle and the
orientation of the polygon.
Command: POLYGON or POL [enter]
Enter number of sides <4>: 6
Specify center of polygon or [Edge]: (pick P1 or type E to define by edge
length)
Enter an option [Inscribed in circle/Circumscribed about circle] <I>:
(To accept the inscribed default or type C for circumscribed)

7
Specify radius of circle: (pick P2 or enter exact radius)

The Donut Command

This command draws a solid donut shape. It is a fair closed polyline
comprising of two arc segments that are given width. AutoCAD requires you
to define the interior diameter, i.e. the distance across the hole and from that
point, the exterior distance across the donut. The donut is the point drawn in
outline. You will be asked to choose the center point to position the donut.
You can proceed to pick the center points to draw more donuts otherwise you
can hit to end the command.
Command: DONUT or DO [enter]
Specify inside diameter of donut <0.5000>:
(Pick any two points to define a diameter or enter the exact length)
Specify outside diameter of donut <1.0000>: (pick any two points to define a
diameter or enter the exact length)
Specify center of donut or <exit>: (pick P1)
Specify center of donut or <exit>: [Enter]

The Circle Command

8
 The circle command is utilized to draw circles. There are many ways
you'll be able to define the circle. The default strategy is to choose the center
point and at that point to either choose a second point on the circumference of
the circle or enter the circle radius at the keyboard.
Command: CIRCLE or C[enter]
Specify center point for circle or [3P/2P/Ttr (tan tan radius)]: (pick P1)
Specify radius of circle or [Diameter] <50.0195>: (pick P2 or enter the exact
radius)

As you will see from the command prompt, over the default options are
continuously shown in triangular brackets like so [Default] and command
options show up inside square brackets like so [Option]. Each alternative is
separated by a forward cut like this /.

The Arc Command

The arc command permits you to draw a circular segment of a circle.
There are various ways to define an arc. The default strategy uses three pick
points - a beginning point, a second point and an endpoint. Utilizing this
strategy, the drawn arc will begin at the first pick point, passing through the
second point and end at the third point.
Command: ARC or A[enter]
Specify start point of arc or [Center]: (pick P1)
Specify second point of arc or [Center/End]: (pick P2)
Specify end point of arc: (pick P3)
Note: It is also possible to create an arc by trimming a circle object.

9
The Spline Command
The spline command makes a sort of spline known as a non-uniform
rational B-spline, NURBS for short. A spline could be a smooth bend that's
fitted along with several control points. The fit tolerance option can be utilized
to control how closely the spline acclimates to the control points. A low
tolerance value causes the spline to make near to the control points.
A tolerance of zero forces the spline to pass through the control points.
The outline on the right appears the impact of different tolerance values on a
spline that's characterized using the same four control points, P1, P2, P3 and
P4. Splines can be altered after they have been made using the SPLINEDIT
command, Alter Object Spline from the pull-down menu. Using this command,
you will be able to alter the tolerance, include more control points, move
control points and close splines, among other things. In any case, if you just
want to move spline control points, it is best to use grips.
Command: SPLINE or SPL [enter]
Specify first point or [Object]: (Pick P1)
Specify next point: (Pick P2)
Specify next point or [Close/Fit tolerance] <start tangent>: (Pick P3)
Specify next point or [Close/Fit tolerance] <start tangent>: (Pick P4)
Specify next point or [Close/Fit tolerance] <start tangent>:
Specify start tangent: (pick a point)
Specify end tangent: (pick a point)

10
The Ellipse Command
The circle command gives you many distinctive creation options. The
default alternative has three choices that it picks the two endpoints of an axis
and after that the third point to characterize the eccentricity of the ellipse. After
you've got aced the default option, attempt out the ellipse command.
Command: ELLIPSE or EL [enter]
Specify axis endpoint of ellipse or [Arc/Center]: (pick P1)
Specify other endpoint of axis: (pick P2)
Specify distance to other axis or
[Rotation]: (pick P3)
The ellipse command can also be used to draw isometric circles.

P3

P1 P2

What’s More

Activity 1
A. Directions: Identify the commands of the following shortcuts. Write your
answer in a separate sheet of paper or in your activity
notebook.

1. L _____________ 5. DO _____________

2. SPL _____________ 6. POL_____________

3. PL _____________ 7. A _____________

4. REC _____________ 8. C _____________

11
 B. Directions: Identify the command used to the drawing. Write your
answer in a separate sheet of paper or in your activity
notebook.

1. 5.

2. 6.

3. 7.

4. 8.

What I Have Learned

Directions: Read each statement below carefully and fill in the blank(s)
with the correct answer. Answers may be more than one
word. Write your answer in a separate paper.

1. The ____________ command can be utilized to draw any customary polygon

from 3 sides up to 1024 sides.
2. The position and measure of the rectangle are characterized by picking two
inclining ____________.
3. The ____________ command is comparable to the line command but may be
composed of a number of fragments which from a single object.
4. The arc command permits you to draw a circular segment of a ________.
5. The ____________ command enables you to draw a solid circle.
6. A ____________ could be a smooth bend that is fitted along a number of
control points.
7. The rectangle command is utilized to draw a rectangle whose sides are
_____________ and ___________.
8. _____________ command permits you to choose as numerous points as you
like.
9. The shortcut for circle command is _________________.
10. The shortcut for spline command is ______________.

12
 What I Can Do

Activity 2
Directions: Using the given drawing menu below, perform the following tasks.
A. Draw a hexagon
Command: POLYGON or POL [enter]
Enter number of sides <6>: 6
Specify center of polygon or [Edge]: pick P1
Enter an option [Inscribed in circle/Circumscribed about circle] <I>: I
Specify radius of circle: pick P2
B. Draw a donut
Command: DONUT or DO [enter]
Specify inside diameter of donut <3.5000>: 3
Specify outside diameter of donut <8.0000>: 5
Specify center of donut or <exit>: (pick P1)
Specify center of donut or <exit>: [Enter]

C. Draw a spline
Command: SPLINE or SPL [enter]
Specify first point or [Object]: (Pick P1)
Specify next point: (Pick P2)
Specify next point or [Close/Fit tolerance] <start tangent>: (Pick P3)
Specify next point or [Close/Fit tolerance] <start tangent>: (Pick P4)
Specify start tangent: (pick a point)
Specify end tangent: (pick a point)

D. Draw a circle
Command: CIRCLE or C[enter]
Specify center point for circle or [3P/2P/Ttr (tan tan radius)]: (pick P1)
Specify radius of circle or [Diameter] <50.0195>: 40

E. Draw a rectangle
Command: RECTANG or REC [enter]
Specify first corner point or [Chamfer/Elevation/Fillet/
Thickness/Width]: (pick P1)
Specify other corner point or [Dimensions]: (pick P2)

13
 Assessment

Post-Test

Multiple Choice
Directions: Choose the letter of the best answer. Write the chosen letter on a
separate sheet of paper.
1. What is the shortcut key for spline?
a. L c. SPL
b. SL d. S
2. Which drawing command or tool is closed polyline consisting of two arc
segments which have been given a width?
a. polygon c. rectangle
b. donut d. circle
3. What command is used to draw a rectangle whose sides are vertical
and horizontal?
a. L c. Rec
b. PL d. C
4. What is the command for polygon?
a. PL c. PG
b. P d. POL
5. What type of object snap that breaks to the midpoints of lines and arcs
and to the mid-point of polyline segments?
a. end-point c. mid-point
b. intersection d. extension
6. What is the difference between line and polyline?
a. composed of several of fragments which form a single object
b. composed of a single of fragments which form a single object
c. composed of several of fragments which form a multiple object
d. composed of several of fragments which form non-object
7. How many sides the polygon command can be used to utilize to draw
any customary polygon?
a. from 3 to 10 c. from 3 to 1111
b. from 3 to 1024 d. from 3 to 102
8. How many pick points used in the default strategy of an arc drawing?
a. 1 c. 3
b. 2 d. 4
9. What drawing that could be a smooth bend fitted along a number of
control point?
a. line c. polygon

14
 b. circle d. spline
10. What is the command for “L”?
a. left c. line
b. linear d. lining
11. Which of the following is necessary for setting the fillet command?
a. angle c. base point
b. distance d. radius
12. Which of the following is important in setting the chamfer command?
a. angle point 1 and 2
b. distance 1 and 2
c. base point 1 and 2
d. radius 1 and 2
13. Which command is used to change the size of the existing objects?
a. move c. scale
b. rotate d. zoom
14. What drawing command has a shortcut of “EL”?
a. ellipse c. envelope
b. elongated d. enlight
15. What do you call to a plane curve surrounding two focal points, such
that for all points on the curve, the sum of the two distances to the focal
points is a constant?
a. ellipse c. oval
b. elongated d. arc

Additional Activities

Activity 3
Directions: As an additional exercise, while you are preparing for
AutoCAD drawings, create the following architectural symbols using the
commands you have learned.

15
Lesson
Object Selection
2
This lesson is to empower the student to get ready and to familiarize
with the different methods of object selection.

What I Need to Know

You can’t utilize AutoCAD for any length of time without knowing how
to choose objects. There are numerous methods, a few more obvious than
others. You'll likely get by 99% of the time with the primary strategies
described in this lesson but there are numerous more choice strategies that—
in certain situations—can assist you to select objects more viably and
productively. This time, let us discuss these AutoCAD object selection
strategies.
Object selection represents the current selection in a window or pane.
A selection represents either a selected (or highlighted) area in the
workspace, or it represents the insertion point if nothing in the object is
selected.

What are the considerations which govern the selection of views for an
object? The only consideration is what do you need to completely and clearly
describe that object? It all depends on how well you can view that particular
detail in one of the existing views, how much space you have to add
dimensions or notes, and how you've decided to lay out your drawing.

After going through this lesson, you are expected to:

1. Identify diverse methods in selecting objects.
2. Perform object selection based on the specific need of action.

16
 What I Know

Pre-Test

Multiple Choice
Directions: Choose the letter of the best answer. Write the chosen letter on a
separate sheet of paper.
1. What command is necessary for picking objects in a complex drawing?
a. move c. zoom
b. scale d. unit
2. When you undo your last object selection while it is still active, what
letter should you type?
a. “A” c. “O”
b. “E” d. “U”
3. Inactivating your add objects, what letter should you type?
a. “A” c. “O”
b. “V” d. “U”
4. What letter should you type to select your previous selection?
a. “L” c. “P”
b. “V” d. “U”
5. What method of object selection are you using when you hold your
[shift] key and press [space] several times until you found your object?
a. select previous selection
b. window
c. pick single
d. cycle overlapping objects
6. What method of object selection is used for a transparent object?
a. select previous selection
b. touching objects
c. pick single
d. cycle overlapping objects
7. What method is similar to cross window selection?
a. select previous selection
b. cross polygon
c. pick single
d. cycle overlapping objects
8. What option behave as window selection, but can define unlimited
points for the window?
a. select previous selection
b. window

17
 c. window polygon
d. cycle overlapping objects
9. What letter is used to activate the fence?
a. “L” c. “O”
b. “P” d. “F”
10. What letter is used to activate window selection?
a. “W” c. “S”
b. “P” d. “F”
11. How can you define a window selection?
a. clicking two points
b. clicking one point
c. typing “how”
d. typing points
12. How to override active cross window selection?
a. typing c c. typing “how”
b. typing override d. typing points
13. What letters are used to activate window polygon?
a. “PW” c. “WP”
b. “AW” d. “WPA”
14. What is the result of action when you type L then [enter]?
a. the last object closed
b. the last object selected
c. object selected
d. last object created
15. What is the easiest and fastest method in selecting a single object?
a. select previous selection
b. pick single
c. window polygon
d. cycle overlapping objects

What’s In

In the previous lesson, you were able to understand the definition and
uses of each drawing tool, identify appropriate drawing tools as per job
requirement like the line, polyline, rectangle, polygon, donut, circle, arc,
spline, and ellipse and create illustrations using basic CAD drawing tools an
example of the different architectural signs and symbols.
In AutoCAD, objects can be selected in different ways. In this tutorial,
you will learn how you can use selection tools.

18
 AutoCAD has many different ways to select an object. As in every
software the first selection tool is mouse cursor and in AutoCAD, mouse
cursor has several types of selection.
Ok, let’s see what type of selections AutoCAD has. If you’ll give
attention to the mouse cursor when you are selecting some object you can
notice that when you are moving it to the left it will turn into green and when
you are moving it to the right it turns into blue.

Notes to the Teacher

Explain to the learners the different object selection

method. Demonstrate how to use object selection.

What’s New

Before moving forward to the lesson, read and understand the situation
and answer the problem below. Write your answer in a separate paper or your
activity notebook.

Picking drawing components in AutoCAD can be baffling,

particularly in the event that you got a complex drawing. You'll see (most
of) AutoCAD tool options on command bar or dynamic input. Like this
polyline tool for illustration. You will be able see its choices: circular
segment, half width, length, fix, and width.
You have drawn a lot of objects inside your workspace but you
just have to delete three random objects.

Questions:
1. What do you think will be the best method in selecting the three
random objects out of multiple objects in your workspace?
2. If in case you do not have a mouse to be used in the selection of the
objects, what should be the shortcut keys in alternate to the mouse?

19
 What Is It

Object Selection
Object Selection lets you identify the subject yourself just by drawing a
rough selection around it.
10 Ways to Use AutoCAD Object Selection
1. Pick Single

You can pick a single object when AutoCAD asks you to select objects.

2. Window

You can define a window selection by clicking at two points. Click the
first point on the left side and 2nd point on the right side. This will select all
elements inside the window.

This action will

select: (dotted
circles are the
selection)

If you pick your point’s right then left, it will be cross window selection
(will be explained next). These two are the default window selections.
If you want to activate window selection, type W then [enter]. Type it
when AutoCAD asks you: select objects…
Even you pick points from right then left, it will be window selection.

3. Cross Window

If your window selection defined from right to left, it will be cross

window selection. It will select all elements inside and touch the window.

20
 This action will select:

You can override to activate cross window selection by typing C then

[enter].
4. Fence

You can select drawing elements by defining ‘a fence’ that touched the
objects you wanted. Just type F then [enter] to activate it. After you finish
defining your fence, press [enter] to select.

This action will select:

5. Window Polygon

This option behaves as window selection, but you can define unlimited
points for that window. Just type WP then [enter] to activate it. All
elements inside the window will be selected.

This action will select:

21
 6. Crossing Polygon

Similar to cross window selection.

This action will select:

7. Touching Objects

When AutoCAD asks you to select an object, type ‘FS then [enter]. We
use ‘for transparent use. Pick your object, then all objects touching it will be
selected.

Select objects: ‘FS

Use ‘FSMODE to control chain selection.
FSMODE = OFF
Select touching object: 3 object(s) found. 3 found, 7 total
Select objects:
Exiting Fastsel
FASTSEL is an express tool. So if you don’t have express tools installed, it
might not work.
This selection is controlled by FSMODE system variable.
FSMODE = OFF (default), it will select objects touching your picked object
only.
FSMODE = ON, it will select objects touching it and all objects touching them
too.
8. Cycle Overlapping Objects

If you have many overlapped drawing elements or close to each other

and you are too lazy to zoom in, you can cycle between them by pressing
[shift] + [space]. Hold your [shift] key, and press [space] several times until
you found your object. Release your keyboard key, then click your mouse.

9. Select Previous Selection or Last Object

Did you ever want to select your previous selection? Easy, just type P
then [enter] when AutoCAD asks you to do selection!

22
 What about the last object created? Either the last drawn or result from
modifying operations such as copy. Type L then [enter]!
10. Remove/Add

Sometimes it’s easier to select all elements then remove some of them
from your selection set. You can do this by holding [shift] and the select object
you want to exclude. OR, you can type R then [enter] to switch to remove
mode. To activate add objects, type A then [enter].

Bonus: Undo Selection

Here is a bonus option. You can undo your last object selection by
typing U [enter] while your selection set is still active. This is only undoing
your last selection.
Tips: When you are picking objects in a complex drawing, use the
ZOOM command transparently to make object selection easier. All Zoom
options selected from the toolbars are automatically transparent but if you
invoke the command from the keyboard you will need to enter zoom.

What’s More

Activity 1
Directions: Identify if the method of object selection is being shown. Write
your answer in a separate sheet of paper or your activity
notebook.

1.

This action will

2. select: (dotted
circles are the
selection)

This action will

3. select:

23
 4.
This action will
select:

5. This action will

select:

What I Have Learned

Directions: Read each statement below carefully and fill in the blank(s) with
the
correct answer. Answers may be more than one word. Write your
answer in a separate paper.

1. You can pick _____________ object when AutoCAD asks you to select
objects.
2. You can define a window selection by clicking at
__________________.
3. If you pick a point from right then left, then it will be
__________________ selection.
4. If you want to activate window selection, type _____________ then
[enter].
5. Basically if your window selection defined from right to left, then it will
be ___________________ selection.
6. You can override to activate cross window selection by typing
___________ then [enter].
7. You can select drawing elements by defining ‘a fence’ that touched the
objects you wanted. Just type _____________ then [enter] to activate
it.
8. This option behave as window selection, but you can define unlimited
points for that window. Just type ___________ then [enter] to activate
it.
9. If you have many overlapped drawing elements or close to each other,
and you are too lazy to zoom in, you can cycle between them by
pressing _______________ + _______________.
10. What about last the object created? Either the last drawn or result from
modifying operations such as copy. Type _____________ then [enter]!

24
 What I Can Do

Activity 2
Directions: Interview a drafting enthusiast or drafting practitioner and let them
answer the following guide questions:

1. What is the easiest and fastest method in selecting multiple

objects?
2. In the absence of the mouse, what shortcut keys will you
recommend to use?
3. If the objection selection stuck in your screen that you cannot select
another object, what troubleshoot method will you advise?
4. Can you recommend new or another method not mentioned in the
10 object selection method?
5. What are the factors for consideration in using the object selection
method?

Assessment

Post-Test

Multiple Choice
Directions: Choose the letter of the best answer. Write the chosen letter on a
separate sheet of paper.
1. What command is necessary for picking objects in a complex drawing?
a. move c. zoom
b. scale d. unit
2. When you undo your last object selection while it is still active, what
letter should you type?
a. “A” c. “O”
b. “E” d. “U”
3. In activating your add objects, what letter should you type?
a. “A” c. “O”
b. “V” d. “U”
4. What letter should you type to select your previous selection?
a. “L” c. “P”
b. “V” d. “U”
5. What method of object selection are you using when you hold your
[shift] key and press [space] several times until you found your object?
25
 a. select previous selection
b. window
c. pick single
d. cycle overlapping objects
6. What method of object selection is used for a transparent object?
a. select previous selection
b. touching objects
c. pick single
d. cycle overlapping objects
7. What method is similar to cross window selection?
a. select previous selection
b. cross polygon
c. pick single
d. cycle overlapping objects
8. What option behave as window selection, but can define unlimited
points for the window?
a. select previous selection
b. window
c. window polygon
d. cycle overlapping objects
9. What letter is used to activate the fence?
a. “L” c. “O”
b. “P” d. “F”
10. What letter is used to activate window selection?
a. “W” c. “S”
b. “P” d. “F”
11. How can you define a window selection?
a. clicking two points c. typing “how”
b. clicking one point d. typing points
12. How to override active cross window selection?
a. typing C c. typing “how”
b. typing override d. typing points
13. What letters are used to activate window polygon?
a. “PW” c. “WP”
b. “AW” d. “WPA”
14. What is the result of action when you type L then [enter]?
a. the last object closed
b. the last object selected
c. object selected
d. last object created
15. What is the easiest and fastest method in selecting single a object?
a. select previous selection
b. pick single
c. window Polygon
26
 d. cycle overlapping objects

Additional Activities

Activity 3
In the previous lesson, you were able to draw the different architectural
signs and symbols.

Directions: Copy the saved file of your signs and symbols. Delete some
of these symbols by using the following selection methods:
1. Pick single
2. Window selection
3. Cross window selection
4. Fence selection
5. Window polygon

27
Lesson
Modifying Objects
3
This lesson is to empower the student to get ready and to familiarize
himself with the different modifying tools required in working the CAD
features.

What I Need to Know

Adjusting object may be a bit distinctive. A few tools also require you to
input coordinate. But there's one more thing you ought to learn to modify
object: selecting your objects. There will be time you would like to alter your
objects. It has to be changed since you make a mistake, or because
sometimes it’s less demanding and quicker you modify them afterward. Let us
see the tools we can utilize to modify the objects.
You can find the tools in AutoCAD ribbon, home tab>modify panel.
There are many tools you will see here.
There are several possibilities of what you will see after activating a
modifying tool. Most basic modification tools will ask you to select objects to
modify. And sometimes the tool will also ask you to define point coordinates.
Some other tools will ask you several more options.

After going through this lesson, you are expected to:

1. Identify appropriate modifying tools as per job requirements.
2. Understand the definition and uses of each modifying tool.
3. Alter illustrations using modifying tools.

28
 What I Know

Pre-Test

Multiple Choice
Directions: Choose the letter of the best answer. Write the chosen letter on a
separate sheet of paper.
1. Which of the following is necessary to setting the fillet command?
a. angle c. base point
b. distance d. radius
2. Which of the following is important in setting the chamfer command?
a. angle point 1 and 2 c. base point 1 and 2
b. distance 1 and 2 d. radius 1 and 2
3. Which command is used to change the size of existing objects?
a. move c. scale
b. rotate d. zoom
4. What modifying command which can duplicate existing objects in a
rectangle or circular (polar) pattern?
a. block c. osnap
b. array d. fillet
5. What modifying tool that has a command “TR”?
a. transfer c. trick
b. trip d. trim
6. What modifying tool that can be used to move one or more vertices of
an object while leaving the rest of the object unchanged?
a. stretch c. move
b. units d. scale
7. What is the shortcut command for Move?
a. MO c. F2
b. M d. F1
8. What is the shortcut command for Erase?
a. E c. F2
b. M d. F1
9. What modifying tool is used to create one or more duplicates of any
drawing objects or objects which you have previously created?
a. C c. F2
b. CO d. F1
10. What modifying tool is used to create a new object parallel to or
concentric with a selected object?

29
 a. C c. F2
b. CO d. O
11. What type of array that specifies a center point and the total number of
objects?
a. round Array c. polar Array
b. rectangular Array d. circle Array
12. What is the shortcut command for extend?
a. E c. Ex
b. M d. X
13. What modifying tool allows you to draw an arc between two
intersecting lines or adjacent polyline segments?
a. C c. F2
b. F d. E
14. What is the shortcut command for fillet?
a. E c. F
b. M d. X
15. What is the command for “CHA”?
a. Fillet c. chamfer
b. change d. extend

What’s In

While working with AutoCAD, you'll rapidly run into circumstances that
require you to use adjust tools. As the title suggests, adjust tools are utilized
to adjust existing lines and objects.
AutoCAD has a whole range of modifying tools. This lesson will explain
the most commonly used.

Notes to the Teacher

Explain to the learners the basic drawing tools used in

CAD. Guide learners in the operation of the different
modifying commands in CAD.

30
 What’s New

Before moving forward to the lesson proper, study the illustrations

below and write down in a separate sheet of paper or activity notebook the
observed changes.
BEFORE AFTER

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

31
 What Is It

Modifying Objects
AutoCAD drawings are rarely completed simply by drawing lines,
circles etc. Most likely you will need to modify these basic drawing objects in
some ways or another to create the image you need. AutoCAD provides a
whole range of modifying tools such as move, copy, rotate and mirror.

The Erase Command

Toolbar Modify
Pull-down Modify > Erase
Keyboard ERASE short-cut: E
You can erase selected objects from the drawing. This method does
not move objects to the Clipboard, where they can then be pasted to another
location.

32
Command Sequence
Command: ERASE
Select objects: (pick an object to erase)
Select objects: Return (to end the selection and erase the object)
In case you need to erase the final object you made you can type L at
the "select objects" prompt. The last object will be highlighted and at that point
you’ll select more objects or return to an end the command. See the "object
selection" instructional exercise for more data on selecting objects.
The Copy Command

Toolbar Modify
Pull-down Modify > Copy
Keyboard COPY short-cut: CO
The Copy command can be used to create one or more duplicates of
any drawing object or objects which you have previously created. Copy is a
very useful and time-saving command because you can create very complex
drawing elements and then simply copy them as many times as you like.

Command Sequence
Command: COPY
Select objects: (pick object to copy, P1)
Select objects: (to end selection)
Specify base point or displacement, or [Multiple]: (pick P2 or M for multiple
copies)
Specify second point of displacement or <use first point as
displacement>: (pick P3)
The multiple options allow you to create additional copies of the
selected object(s) by picking as many new points as you like. To end multiple
copies, just hit the key.

33
The Mirror Command

Toolbar Modify
Pull-down Modify > Mirror
Keyboard MIRROR short-cut: MI
The mirror command allows you to mirror selected objects in your
drawing by picking them and then defining the position of an imaginary mirror
line using two points.

Command Sequence
Command: MIRROR
Select objects: (pick object to mirror, P1)
Select objects: Return (to end selection)
Specify first point of mirror line: (pick P2)
Specify second point of mirror line: (pick P3)
Delete source objects? [Yes/No] <N>: Return (for No to keep the original
object)
Notice that in the command sequence above, pressing the Return key
when asked whether to "Delete source objects?" resulted in a "No" response.
This is because "No" is the default option. AutoCAD always shows the default
option within triangular brackets, in this case "<N>". Many AutoCAD
commands offer default options. They are usually the most commonly used
and you need only right-click and select "Enter" from the menu or press
Return on the keyboard to accept them.
To create perfectly horizontal or vertical mirror lines use Ortho. For
more information on the use of Ortho and other drawing aids, see the
"Drawing Aids" tutorial.
The Offset Command

Toolbar Modify
Pull-down Modify > Offset
Keyboard OFFSET short-cut: O
Offset is probably one of the most useful commands for constructing
drawings. The offset command creates a new object parallel to or concentric
with a selected object. The new object is drawn at a user-defined distance

34
(the offset) from the original and in a direction chosen by the user with a pick
point.
You can offset lines, arcs, circles, ellipses, 2D polylines, xlines, rays,
and planar splines.
Command Sequence
Command: OFFSET
Specify offset distance or [Through] <1.0000>: 10 (specify distance)
Select object to offset or <exit>: (select object, P1)
Specify point on side to offset: (pick direction, P2)
Select object to offset or <exit>: Return (to end or select another object to
offset)
In the illustration below, a line (black) has been offset to the right
through a distance "offset" by picking a point to the right of the original line.
The result is a new line to the right of the original.

The Array Command

Toolbar Modify
Pull-down Modify > Array
Keyboard ARRAY short-cut: AR
The array command makes multiple copies of selected objects in a
rectangular matrix (columns and rows) or a polar (circular) pattern. This
command has been completely transformed in AutoCAD 2000i. It is now
completely dialogue box driven with the option to see a preview of the array
before it is created. You can also now create rectangular arrays at a user-
specified angle. This constitutes a major improvement in usability.
The Rectangular Array
The illustration on the right shows the
results of a rectangular array with two columns and
three rows. The distance between rows is indicated
with the dimension DR and between columns with
DC. When creating rectangular arrays it is
important to remember that new rows are created

35
above the original object and new columns are created to the right of the
original object.
Array Dialog Box: Rectangular Array

Now start the array command. First of all, make sure that the
rectangular array radio button is selected and that you are looking at the
rectangular array dialogue box and now follow the steps below:
1. Click to select the object(s) to include in the array.
2. Enter the number of rows (horizontal patterns) for the array.
3. Enter the number of columns (vertical patterns) for the array.
4. Enter a distance to offset each row. Use the simulated preview window
to see the direction of the pattern.
5. Enter a distance to offset each column.
6. Enter an angle for the pattern.
7. Click Preview to preview the array. Preview is not available until you
select an object or objects for the array.

The Polar Array

The polar array works similarly

way to the rectangular array. The
main difference is that rather than
specifying the number and offset for
rows and columns, you must specify a
center point and the total number of
objects in the array (including the
original object).

36
Array Dialog Box: Polar Array

1. Click to select the object(s) to include in the array.

2. Enter the center point's coordinates in the X and Y fields or click the
3. Select the point icon to select a center point in the drawing window.
4. Select the method for calculating the polar array.
- Total number of items and angle to fill.
- Total number of items and angle between items.
- Angle to fill and the angle between items.
5. Enter the total number of items for the array. This includes the original
object.
6. Enter the total angle for the array. A negative number creates the array
in a clockwise direction.
7. Select to rotate each object as it is placed in the array.
The Move Command

Toolbar Modify
Pull-down Modify > Move
Keyboard MOVE short-cut: M
The move command works similarly to the copy command except that
no copy is made. The selected object(s) is simply moved from one location to
another.

37
Command Sequence
Command: MOVE
Select objects: (pick object to move, P1)
Select objects: Return (to end selection)
Specify base point or displacement: (pick P2)
Specify second point of displacement or <use first point as displacement>:
(pick P3)
Note that as with the copy command, the two pick points, P2 and P3
are used only to indicate the distance and direction of movement.
The Rotate Command

Toolbar Modify
Pull-down Modify > Rotate
Keyboard ROTATE short-cut: RO
The rotate command allows an object or objects to be rotated about a
point selected by the user. AutoCAD prompts for a second rotation point or an
angle that can be typed at the keyboard.

Command Sequence
Command: ROTATE
Current positive angle in UCS: ANGDIR=counterclockwise ANGBASE=0
Select objects: (pick object to rotate, P1)
Select objects: Return (to end selection)
Specify base point: (pick base point, P2)
Specify rotation angle or [Reference]: (pick second point, P3 or enter angle)
Remember, by default, AutoCAD angles start at 3 o'clock and increase
in an anti-clockwise direction. The "ANGDIR" and "ANGBASE" variables

38
remind you of this. If you want to rotate in a clockwise direction you can enter
a negative angle by using a minus sign.
Note: You can change the angle direction and the base angle using the
Units command, Format Units… from the pull-down menu. Click the
"Clockwise" checkbox to change the direction and click the "Direction…"
button to set the base angle.
The Scale Command

Toolbar Modify
Pull-down Modify > Scale
Keyboard SCALE short-cut: SC
The scale command can be used to change the size of an object or
group of objects. You are prompted for a pick point about which the selection
set will be scaled. Scaling can then be completed by picking a second point
(not always easy because it can sometimes be difficult to precisely control the
scaling) or by entering a scale factor at the keyboard. For example a scale
factor of 2 will double the size of the objects in the selection set and a factor of
0.5 will half them.

Command Sequence
Command: SCALE
Select objects: (pick objects to be scaled, P1)
Select objects: Return (to end selection)
Specify base point: (pick base point, P2)
Specify scale factor or [Reference]: (pick second point, P3 or enter scale
factor)

The Stretch Command

Toolbar Modify
Pull-down Modify > Stretch
Keyboard STRETCH short-cut: S

39
 The stretch command can be used to move one or more vertices of an
object while leaving the rest of the object unchanged.

Command Sequence
Command: STRETCH
Select objects to stretch by crossing-window or crossing-polygon...
Select objects: (pick first point of crossing window)
Specify opposite corner: (pick second point of window)
Select objects: Return (to end selection)
Specify base point or displacement: (pick base point)
Specify second point of displacement: (pick second point)
To select vertices to stretch, you must use a crossing window or
polygon.
The Trim Command

Toolbar Modify
Pull-down Modify > Trim
Keyboard TRIM short-cut: TR
Command Sequence
Command: TRIM
Current settings: Projection=UCS Edge=None
Select cutting edges...
Select objects: (select the cutting edge, P1)
Select objects: Return (to end cutting edge selection)
Select object to trim or shift-select to extend or [Project/Edge/Undo]: (pick the
part of the square which you want to trim, P2)
Select object to trim or shift-select to extend or [Project/Edge/Undo]: (pick the
circle, P3)
Select object to trim or shift-select to extend or [Project/Edge/Undo]: Return
(to end)

40
The Extend Command

Toolbar Modify
Pull-down ModifyExtend
Keyboard EXTEND short-cut: EX
There are two modes that you can use to extend objects, quick mode
and standard mode.
Quick Mode. To extend objects, select the objects to be extended
individually, press and drag to start a freehand selection path or pick two
empty locations to specify a crossing fence. All objects automatically act as
boundary edges.
Standard Mode. To extend objects, first select the boundaries and
press Enter. Then select the objects to be extended. To use all objects as
boundaries, the press enter at the first select objects prompt.

Command Sequence
Command: EXTEND
Current settings: Projection=UCS Edge=None
Select boundary edges ...
Select objects: (select the boundary edge, P1)
Select objects: Return (to end boundary edge selection)
Select object to extend or shift-select to trim or [Project/Edge/Undo]: (pick the
object which you want to be extended, P2)
Select object to extend or shift-select to trim or [Project/Edge/Undo]: (pick
another object which you want to be extended, P3)
Select object to extend or shift-select to trim or [Project/Edge/Undo]: Return
(to end)
Sometimes you may get the message "object does not intersect an
edge" or "no edge in that direction". If this happens it means that you are
41
either picking the wrong end of the object or the object you are trying to
extend will not meet the boundary edge. The solution is either to pick near the
end you want to extend or to move the boundary edge so that the extended
line will intersect with it.

The Chamfer Command

Toolbar Modify
Pull-down Modify > Chamfer
Keyboard CHAMFER short-cut: CHA
The chamfer command enables you to create a chamfer between any
two non-parallel lines or any two adjacent polyline segments. Usually, the
chamfer command is used to set the chamfer distances before drawing the
chamfer. Follow the command sequence below where the chamfer distances
are changed to 20 before the chamfer is made.

Command Sequence
Command: CHAMFER
(TRIM mode) Current chamfer Dist1 = 10.0000, Dist2 = 10.0000
Select first line or [Polyline/Distance/Angle/Trim/Method]: D (to set distances)
Specify first chamfer distance <10.0000>: 20 (enter required distance)
Specify second chamfer distance <20.0000>: Return (first distance value or
enter a different value)
Select first line or [Polyline/Distance/Angle/Trim/Method]: (pick P1)
Select second line: (pick P2)
The chamfer is made and the command ends.
Notice from the command sequence that there are several options can
be used to control the way the chamfer command behaves. The polyline
option can be used to chamfer all vertexes of a polyline simultaneously. The
distance option allows you to specify the two chamfer distances. The angle
allows the angle between the first line and the chamfer to be specified. Trim is
used to controlling whether the original lines are trimmed to the chamfer or
remain as they are. Finally, the method is used to toggle the command
between distance and angle mode. When angle mode is used, the chamfer is
defined using one distance and an angle rather than two distances.

42
The Fillet Command

Toolbar Modify
Pull-down Modify > Fillet
Keyboard FILLET short-cut: F
The fillet command is a very useful tool that allows you to draw an arc
between two intersecting lines or adjacent polyline segments.
You first need to use the command to set the required radius and then
a second time to select the two lines.
Command Sequence
Command: FILLET
Current settings: Mode = TRIM, Radius = 10.0000
Select first object or [Polyline/Radius/Trim]: R
Specify fillet radius <10.000>: 25
Select first object or [Polyline/Radius/Trim]: (pick P1)
Select second object : (pick P2)

Filleting two lines. The fillet command can also be used to fillet arcs
and circles. The polyline option also allows you to fillet all vertices of a polyline
with a single command. It's worth experimenting with this command, it can
save you lots of time and enables you to construct shapes which otherwise
would be quite difficult.

What’s More

Activity 1

A. Directions: Identify the commands of the following shortcuts. Write your

answer in a separate sheet of paper or in your activity
notebook.

1. Ex _____________ 6. Sc _____________

43
 2. F _____________ 7. M _____________
3. Cha _____________ 8. Mi _____________
4. E _____________ 9. Tr _____________
5. S _____________ 10. O _____________

B. Directions: Identify the command that is applies to the drawing. Given

objects are on the left side and the Outputs are on the right
side. Write your answer in a separate sheet of paper or in
your notebook.

1. 5.

2. 6.

3. 7.

4. 8.

What I Have Learned

Directions: Read each statement below carefully and fill in the blank(s) with
the
correct answer. Answers may be more than one word. Write your
answer in a separate paper.

1. Filleting two lines. The Fillet command can also be used to fillet
____________ and _____________.

44
 2. The ____________ command enables you to create a chamfer
between any two non-parallel lines or any two adjacent polyline
segments.
3. There are two modes that you can use to extend objects, __________
mode and ____________ mode.
4. The ____________ command can be used to move one or more
vertices of an object while leaving the rest of the object unchanged.
5. The ____________ command can be used to change the size of an
object or group of objects.
6. The ____________ command allows an object or objects to be rotated
about a point selected by the user.
7. The ____________ command works similarly to the Copy command
except that no copy is made, the selected object(s) is simply moved
from one location to another.
8. The _____________ command makes multiple copies of selected
objects in a rectangular matrix (columns and rows) or a polar (circular)
pattern.
9. The _____________ command creates a new object parallel to or
concentric with a selected object.
10. The _____________ command can be used to create one or more
duplicates of any drawing object or objects which you have previously
created.

What I Can Do

Activity 2

Directions: Using the given objects below (right side), perform the
following tasks on the left.

A. Chamfer all corners

B. Copy in four objects

C. Offset with a distance of 10

D. Rotate in 90 degrees

45
 E. Fillet all the corners

Assessment

Post-Test
Multiple Choice
Directions: Choose the letter of the best answer. Write the chosen letter on a
separate sheet of paper.
1. Which of the following is necessary for setting the fillet command?
a. angle c. base point
b. distance d. radius
2. Which of the following is important in setting the chamfer command?
a. angle point 1 and 2
b. distance 1 and 2
c. base point 1 and 2
d. radius 1 and 2
3. Which command is used to change the size of existing objects?
a. move c. scale
b. rotate d. zoom
4. What modifying command which can duplicate existing objects in a
rectangle or circular (polar) pattern?
a. block c. osnap
b. array d. fillet
5. What modifying tool that has a command “TR”?
a. transfer c. trick
b. trip d. trim
6. What modifying tool that can be used to move one or more vertices of
an object while leaving the rest of the object unchanged?
a. stretch c. move
b. units d. scale
7. What is the shortcut command for Move?
a. MO c. F2

46
 b. M d. F1
8. What is the shortcut command for Erase?
a. E c. F2
b. M d. F1
9. What modifying tool is used to create one or more duplicates of any
drawing objects or objects which you have previously created?
a. C c. F2
b. CO d. F1
10. What modifying tool is used to create a new object parallel to or
concentric with a selected object?
a. C c. F2
b. CO d. O
11. What type of array that specifies a center point and the total number of
objects?
a. round Array c. polar Array
b. rectangular Array d. circle Array
12. What is the shortcut command for extend?
a. E c. Ex
b. M d. X
13. What modifying tool allows you to draw an arc between two
intersecting lines or adjacent polyline segments?
a. C c. F2
b. F d. E
14. What is the shortcut command for fillet?
a. E c. F
b. M d. X
15. What is the command for “CHA”?
a. fillet c. chamfer
b. change d. extend

Additional Activities

Activity 3
Directions: With the suggested commands, draw the traffic signs below in free size.

47
 Suggested Commands:
REC, OFFSET, LINE, ROTATE, FILLET, HATCH, ERASE,
ARC, CIRCLE, TRIM

Lesson
Drawing Aids
4
This lesson is to empower the student to familiarize himself with the
diverse drawing aids required in working the CAD software.

What I Need to Know

Drawing with AutoCAD is truly a bit like drawing on a drawing board.

Most newcomers to Computer Aided Design expect that they will have to
learn how to draw all over once more. In reality, many of the drawings help
that AutoCAD gives are analogous to conventional drafting apparatuses. Fair
as you get a parallel movement and set squares to assist you to draw level
and vertical lines on a drawing board, AutoCAD has comparative drawing
helps which can assist you to draw flat and vertical lines on a computer. This
means that in numerous regards, the drawing procedures are exceptionally
comparative. In case you ever get stuck, think how you'd total an assignment
on a drawing board and after that hunt for a comparable way to do it with
AutoCAD.
To begin, let us find out the competencies you will gain upon
completion of this lesson.

After going through this lesson, you are expected to:

1. Identify drawing aids.
2. Understand the definition and uses of each drawing aid.
3. Create illustrations with the help of drawing aids.

48
 What I Know

Pre-Test
Multiple Choice
Directions: Choose the letter of the best answer. Write the chosen letter on a
separate sheet of paper.
1. What drawing aid is short for orthogonal, which means either vertical or
horizontal?
a. ortho c. osnap
b. snap d. grid
2. Which of the function keys can be used for activating the snap mode?
a. F3 c. F9
b. F5 d. F8
3. Which drawing aid has a regular pattern of dots displayed on the
screen which acts as a visual aid. It is the equivalent of having a
sheet of graph paper behind your drawing on a drawing board?
a. ortho c. osnap
b. snap d. grid
4. What drawing aid that only allows you to pick points which lie on a
regular grid?
a. ortho c. osnap
b. snap d. grid
5. What type of object snap that breaks to the midpoints of lines and arcs
and the mid-point of polyline segments?
a. end-point c. mid-point
b. intersection d. extension
6. What is the command for units and scales?
a. units c. DIM
b. scales d. extension
7. What object snap can snap to the center of any Circle, Ellipse, Arc, or
Elliptical Arc?
a. extend c. endpoint
b. midpoint d. center
8. What object snap has the ability to snap your cursor to the point of
intersection of geometric objects?
a. extend c. intersection
b. midpoint d. center
9. What keyboard key enables the ortho mode on and off?
a. F3 c. F9

49
 b. F5 d. F8

10. Which of the function keys can be used for activating the grid?
a. F3 c. F9
b. F7 d. F8
11. What is the shortcut command for a snap?
a. SP c. SN
b. SL d. S
12. What is the shortcut command for mid-point Osnap?
a. MD c. MO
b. M d. MID
13. What is the shortcut command for end-point Osnap?
a. E c. ED
b. END d. EN
14. What is the command for node?
a. N c. NODE
b. ND d. NDE
15. What node allows your pointer to snap to the quadrant points on the
circumference of the circle, arc or an ellipse?
a. quadrant c. parallel
b. perpendicular d. intersection

What’s In

In the previous lesson you were able to identify appropriate modifying

tools as per job requirements such as erase, scale, mirror, offset, stretch,
chamfer, fillet, and array. You were able to understand the definition and uses
of each modifying tool and able to alter illustrations using modifying tools.
The next lesson will unlock the idea of different drawing aids. Drawing
aids provide what is useful or necessary in achieving an end drawing.

Notes to the Teacher

Discuss to the learners the different drawing aids and
demonstrate how to operate these drawing aids.

50
 What’s New

Before proceeding to the next page, study the drawing below and
identify what the problem of each object is write your answer in a separate
sheet of paper or in your notebook.

What Is It

Drawing Aids
Drawing with AutoCAD is just like drawing on a drawing board. Most
newcomers to computer-aided design assume that they will need to learn how
to draw all over again. Many of the drawing aids that AutoCAD provides are
analogous to traditional drafting tools.
Ortho Mode
Ortho mode is used when you specify an angle or distance employing
two points using a pointing device. In ortho mode, cursor movement is
constrained to the horizontal or vertical direction relative to the UCS.

51
 Horizontal is defined as being parallel to the X axis of the UCS and
vertical as being parallel to the Y axis.
Command: ORTHO
Enter mode [ON/OFF] <OFF>: (type ON or OFF)
Keyboard: F8
The Drawing Grid
The drawing grid is a regular pattern of dots displayed on the screen
which acts as a visual aid, it is the equivalent of having a sheet of graph paper
behind your drawing on a drawing board. You can control the grid spacing, so
it can give you a general idea about the size of drawn objects. It can also be
used to define the extent of your drawing.
Command: GRID
Specify grid spacing(X) or [ON/OFF/Snap/Aspect]
<10.000>: (enter grid spacing)
Keyboard: F7

Snap Mode
Snap mode takes AutoCAD one step encourage than the drawing
board. With snap mode turned on AutoCAD as it will permit you to choose
focuses that lie on a customary network. The snap mode is totally free of the
show network. Activate snap mode by using the current settings of the snap
grid.
Command: SNAP or SN [enter]
Keyboard: F9
Specify snap spacing or [ON/OFF/Aspect/Rotate/
Style/Type] <10.0000>: (enter the required snap
spacing in drawing units)

Units and Scales

Among the foremost critical concepts that newcomers to AutoCAD
ought to come to hold with are those of drawing scales and units. You cannot
begin making sensible drawings with AutoCAD until you're recognizable with
scale, units and the commands you utilize to control them.
Use this procedure to specify the drawing units in a new or existing
drawing.

1. Click Utilities Drawing Setup.

2. Click the Units tab.

52
Specifying default units options for the current drawing
3. Under drawing units, select the desired units.
4. To scale objects that you insert into the current drawing from drawings
with different drawing units, select scale objects inserted from other
drawings.
5. Under length, select a unit type and desired precision.
6. Under angle, select an angle type and desired precision.
7. Under base angle, enter a value for the default 0 angle direction. The
default is 0 degrees (east) and a counter-clockwise direction.
8. Under area, select an area type and precision.
9. Under volume, select a volume type and precision.
10. Under lighting units, select a lighting unit type.
11. Save the units settings:

If you want to… Then…

save the unit’s settings as default select Save as Default. Settings on the
settings for new drawings that you start Scale and Layering tabs are also saved
from scratch or from templates that do as default settings.
not contain drawing set up information

save the unit’s settings only for the clear Save as Default and then click

53
If you want to… Then…

current drawing Apply.

12. Click OK.
13. Specify the scaling of existing model space and paper space objects:

If you want to… Then…

scale all existing objects in the drawing to select rescale modelspace and
reflect the new units paperspace objects.
scale objects in model space to reflect select rescale only modelspace objects.
the new units
leave all objects at their current scale select don’t rescale any existing
objects.

Object Snap
Making drawings precisely in AutoCAD is not possible without the use
of object snaps. These options not only let you make drawings precisely but
they also speed up the drawing workflow. In this article, I have discussed all of
these object snap options and explained them in detail.
Osnap Icon:
To begin, turn off each object snap setting.
The quickest way to do this is by clicking the triangle
next to the object-snap icon and then clicking object-
snap settings. If you don’t know where the object-
snap setting is, you can locate it in the image below.
After that, manually deselect each check-
marked option in the “general” tab in the object snap
settings menu, except for endpoint and geometric
center then click ok.
Alternatively, you can also deactivate the
object snaps by clicking the snap names from the
object snap list as shown in the image above.
Note: If your object snap is not working then
make sure that the object-snap icon is highlighted in
blue and your required snap icons are checked in
the object snap menu.
Endpoint
As you might have deduced, the endpoint
object-snap option allows you to snap to any
endpoint in your project. It is useful when wanting to

54
create quick connections. It is the most basic and simple kind of object-snap
which you would need to keep active most of the time.
Command: END
Short-cut: Shift + Right Click Endpoint
Midpoint
Midpoint object-snap allows you to snap to
the midpoint of any line or arc.
Command: MID
Short-cut: Shift + Right Click Midpoint

Center
With a center snap, you can snap to the
center of any circle, ellipse, arc, or elliptical arc.

Intersection
If you have Intersection snap turned on, you
will have the ability to snap your cursor to the point
of intersection of geometric objects.

Geometric Center
The geometric center option allows your
pointer to snap to the geometrical center of objects
in AutoCAD. It doesn’t work with objects that were
created with only the line tool as it needs to be a
closed object made with single geometry.
Use the polygon tool (or polyline or spline if
you prefer), to create any kind of closed object. For
simplicity, I created a triangle using the polyline tool.
Node
In AutoCAD, a node is a single point made with the point command.
use the point command or its alias po then click in the drawing area to make
the node. You can click as many times as you want to make multiple nodes,
or you can also type in the coordinates if you want node at a specific point.
Command: NODE
Short-cut: Shift + Right Click Node

55
Quadrant
The quadrant option allows your pointer to snap to
the quadrant points on the circumference of the
circle, arc or an ellipse.

Perpendicular
The perpendicular snap option snaps in such
a way that it places your selected line perpendicular
to another reference line in the drawing. To use it
make sure you have perpendicular snap turned on
as shown in the image below.
Parallel
A parallel object snap is really fun to use. Before using it, make sure
you have your ortho snap turned off.
The ortho snap icon looks like the image
shown above and is visible on the status bar of
AutoCAD. After making sure ortho snap is turned
off, make a line aligned to any random angle.
Subsequently, turn off every snap option except for
parallel.
Extension
The extension options allow you to have your
pointer snaps to points that pass an endpoint. This
takes object snap to the next level, and it is
particularly useful when working on wall options,
room sizes, and any other sort of speculative
design.
Extension snapping will keep things lined up
the way they should be. To begin, make sure that
your endpoint, midpoint, and extension Osnap
options are turned on.
Command: EXT
Short-cut: Shift + Right Click Extension

56
 What’s More

Activity 1
Directions: Identify the shortcut commands of the following. Write your answer
in a separate sheet of paper or in your notebook.

1. ortho mode _______________

2. drawing grid _______________
3. snap mode _______________
4. units and scales _______________
5. osnap mode _______________
6. node _______________
7. midpoint _______________
8. endpoint _______________
9. quadrant _______________
10. parallel _______________

What I Have Learned

Directions: Read each statement below carefully and fill in the blank(s) with
the
correct answer. Answers may be more than one word. Write your
answer in a separate paper.

1. ____________ mode is used when you specify an angle or distance

employing of two points using a pointing device.
2. Horizontal is defined as being parallel to the X axis of the UCS and
vertical as being parallel to the ______ axis.
3. The drawing ___________ is a regular pattern of dots displayed on the
screen which acts as a visual aid. It is the equivalent of having a sheet
of graph paper behind your drawing board.
4. You can control the grid spacing, so it can give you a general idea
about the size of drawn objects. It can also be used to define the
__________ of your drawing.
5. With _____________ mode turned on AutoCAD as it permits you to
choose focuses which lie on a customary network.

57
 What I Can Do

Activity 2
Directions: In your Autocad workspace draw the given object below using the
different drawing aids.

Source: https://www.slideshare.net/vagallasuresh/unit-6-isometric-views

Assessment

Post-Test
Multiple Choice
Directions: Choose the letter of the best answer. Write the chosen letter on a
separate sheet of paper.
1. What drawing aid is short for orthogonal, which means either vertical or
horizontal?
a. ortho c. osnap
b. snap d. grid
2. Which of the function keys can be used for activating the snap mode?
a. F3 c. F9
b. F5 d. F8
3. Which drawing aid has a regular pattern of dots displayed on the
screen which acts as a visual aid. It is the equivalent of having a
sheet of graph paper behind your drawing on a drawing board?
a. ortho c. osnap
b. snap d. grid

58
4. What drawing aid that only allows you to pick points which lie on a
regular grid?
a. ortho c. osnap
b. snap d. grid
5. What type of object snap that breaks to the midpoints of lines and arcs
and to the mid-point of polyline segments?
a. end-point c. mid-point
b. intersection d. extension
6. What is the command for units and scales?
a. units c. DIM
b. scales d. extension
7. What object snap enables you to snap to the center of any circle,
ellipse, arc, or elliptical arc?
a. extend c. endpoint
b. midpoint d. center
8. What object snap can to snap your cursor to the point of intersection of
geometric objects?
a. extend c. intersection
b. midpoint d. center
9. What keyboard key enables the ortho mode on and off?
a. F3 c. F9
b. F5 d. F8
10. Which of the function keys can be used for activating the grid?
a. F3 c. F9
b. F7 d. F8
11. What is the shortcut command for a snap?
a. SP c. SN
b. SL d. S
12. What is the shortcut command for mid-point osnap?
a. MD c. MO
b. M d. MID
13. What is the shortcut command for end-point osnap?
a. E c. ED
b. END d. EN
14. What is the command for node?
a. N c. NODE
b. ND d. NDE
15. What node allows your pointer to snap to the quadrant points on the
circumference of the circle, arc, or an ellipse?
a. quadrant
b. perpendicular
c. parallel
d. intersection

59
 Additional Activities

Activity 3
Directions: In your AutoCAD workspace draw the given plan below using the
different drawing aids.

Source: https://file.scirp.org/Html/3-2570050_49794.htm

60
Lesson
AutoCAD Block and
5 Special Key Functions
This lesson is to empower the student to get ready and to familiarize
himself with the diverse drawing tools required in working the CAD software.

What I Need to Know

Architects, engineers, planners, designers and students! Easy to use

and free library of CAD blocks was designed to facilitate and speed up your
workflow. This resource database can be updated with new projects and
models provided by users. You can use the electronic material to construct a
plan for interiors, landscaping, architectural objects, 3D modeling of machines
and vehicles, as well as for many other purposes.

By just typing block in your AutoCAD command bar, you will find the
most popular AutoCAD blocks: furniture, people, machines, plants. Most of
the CAD Blocks are made of different projections: top, side and back view.

Another way around, in AutoCAD, the [Enter] key and the space bar,
for most purposes, are identical in function. (For example, typing LINE
followed by Enter is equivalent to typing L followed by the space bar.) Typing
the space bar at the command prompt after a command is completed will
repeat the last command typed. Click the [esc] (escape) key two or three
times in succession will cancel any command and return to the Command
prompt. These are a few of the keys to be tackled in this lesson. Each of the
function keys has a special function in AutoCAD.

After going through this lesson, you are expected to:

1. Identify different special and common key functions
2. Explain what is AutoCAD block
3. Create a block in AutoCAD
4. Enable to manipulate different special and common key functions

61
 What I Know

Pre-Test

Multiple Choice
Directions: Choose the letter of the best answer. Write the chosen letter on a
separate sheet of paper.
1. What is an AutoCAD block?
a. collection of objects that has a name
b. collection of symbols
c. collection of signs
d. collection of commands
2. The following are the advantages of the AutoCAD block except one.
a. You can insert them again and again to save time. You can
insert them into other drawings as well.
b. A block uses less electronic space than individual objects, so
your drawing file is smaller.
c. By updating a block’s definition, you can update all the blocks in
the drawing.
d. You cannot create your own block.
3. What is the first step in creating a block?
a. Draw the objects that you want in the block.
b. Choose Home tab> Block panel> Create to start the BLOCK
command. The Block Definition dialog box opens.
c. Type a name in the Name text box. The name can have spaces.
d. Specify a base point.
4. Which of the keyboard keys must be pressed in the command line bar
to execute the block dialog box?
a. create c. BL
b. block d. black
5. What is the shortcut key to insert a block?
a. IB c. I
b. B d. BI
6. Which of the keyboard keys must be pressed to toggle grid?
a. ctrl + e c. ctrl + h
b. ctrl + g d. ctrl + shift + g
7. Which keystrokes will UNDO a command?
a. alt+u c. control+u
b. alt+z d. control+z
8. Which of the keyboard keys must be pressed to execute a command or
to accept an Auto CAD default?

62
 a. f2 and enter c. enter and space bar
b. enter and esc d. esc and space bar
9. Which of the function keys can be used for activating the Snap Mode?
a. F3 c. F9
b. F5 d. F8
10. What function key toggles dynamic UCS?
a. F3 c. F6
b. F5 d. F8
11. What function key displays help?
a. F1 c. F6
b. F5 d. F2
12. What keyboard key saves drawing as?
a. ctrl + shift + s c. ctrl + h
b. ctrl + g d. ctrl + shift + g
13. What keyboard key opens drawing?
a. ctrl + shift + s c. ctrl + d
b. ctrl + o d. ctrl + shift + g
14. What keyboard key enables select all objects?
a. ctrl + e c. ctrl + a
b. ctrl + o d. ctrl + m
15. What keyboard key pastes data as block?
a. ctrl + shift + s c. ctrl + shift + v
b. ctrl + o d. ctrl + shift + g

What’s In

In the previous lesson you were able to identify drawing aids such as
ortho mode, snap mode, grid, osnap mode and node. Understand the
definition and uses of each drawing aid and create illustrations with the help of
drawing aids.
The next lesson will unlock the idea of the AutoCAD block and the
different special key functions. Drawing aids provide with what is useful or
necessary in achieving an end drawing.

Notes to the Teacher

Demonstrate the procedures in creating a block in CAD.
Show to the learners how special key functions will be used.
63
 What’s New

Read and understand carefully the short story below. Write your
reflection on a separate paper or activity notebook.

In the land of AutoCadania, there were two famous

individuals who created amazing and spectacular drawings. They
did their work neatly.
One day the AutoCadania princess heard the news of the
two famous draftsmen. She went to the public immediately and
looked for the first draftsman. She saw the amazing drawings that
were ever made. She talked to the draftsman and asked how he
could draw such amazing drawings.
The first draftsman said, “I drew it with all my knowledge and
skills. I followed the procedure step by step in creating this
wonderful drawing”. The princess then requested a piece of
drawing for her gift to the highness birthday in three days’ time.
The princess went to the second draftsman. She saw the
same spectacular drawings the first draftsman made. She asked,
“Can you make me the same spectacular drawing as my gift for the
queen?” The second draftsman replied, “Yes your highness. I can
do that in two days”. The princess got amused by what he said and
asked, “How can you do that in two days while the other draftsman
can do it in three days?” The draftsman replied, “I saved all my
objects in a tray where I can use it again and again. If there are
some modifications at least a little time will be consumed”
And the princess waited for the drawings that will be given to
the queen.

64
 What Is It

Create a block in AutoCAD

Creating a block is a basic task that every AutoCAD user should know.
But even if you’ve been using blocks for years, I think that you’ll find the links
at the end to more advanced tips that are helpful. Put together these tips that
make up an advanced lesson on blocks.

What is an AutoCAD block?

A block is simply a collection of objects (it could be one object) that has
a name. Blocks have several advantages:

 You can insert them again and again to save time. In fact, you
can insert them into other drawings as well.
 A block uses less electronic space than individual objects, so
your drawing file is smaller.
 By updating a block’s definition, you can update all the blocks in
the drawing.
Note: Dynamic blocks are blocks that have added parameters that
function in certain defined ways. Look at the end of this post for links to some
posts on dynamic blocks.
Why should you use blocks?

As mentioned earlier one of the primary reasons for using a block is its
ability to modify all its references by modifying a single block.

As an example, if you are using blocks for creating windows in a floor

plan and after adding the windows you decide to modify the type of window. In
this case, you can simply modify the window block and all its references used
in the drawing that will change automatically.

Blocks also help you in keeping the file size under control. A drawing
made with blocks for repetitive objects will be far smaller than the drawing
which uses copied instances of repetitive objects.

Blocks also help in keeping consistency in your project drawings by

using the same set of blocks so you can avoid a lot of confusion among
different members working on a project. This is the reason why many
organizations prefer their own set of standard blocks which can be used and
reused as their own requirements.

65
 You can also keep track of block data using attributes. The attributes
are information such as manufacturer’s name, part number, etc. which are
associated with a block and can be extracted to an excel file or a drawing
table.

How do you create a block?

To create a block, follow these steps:

1. Draw the objects that you want in the block.
2. Choose Home tab> Block panel> Create to start the BLOCK command.
The block definition dialog box opens.
3. Type a name in the Name text box. The name can have spaces.
4. You need to specify a base point. That’s the point at which you’ll insert
the block. In the base point section, click the pick point. Be sure to use
an object snap for accuracy. You’ll immediately return to the dialog box.
5. In the objects section, click the Select objects button. Select the objects
and press Enter to return to the dialog box.

Tip: You can select the objects before using the command and they’ll
show up in the dialog box.

6. Just below, choose Retain, convert to block, or delete. These options

control what happens after you create the block.

7. In the behavior section, you can make a block annotative, force it to

scale uniformly and choose whether to allow exploding.
8. In the settings area, choose the block unit. You can choose Unit less
but if you choose a unit, AutoCAD will try to scale the block

66
 appropriately when you insert it into another drawing. You can also add
a hyperlink if you want.
9. Finally, you can add a description in the description box. A description
is helpful in the design center when you want to insert the block from
another drawing.
10. Click ok to complete the box. If you choose Delete, the objects
disappear. You can use the OOPS command to bring them back.
Inserting the AutoCAD Blocks
Once a block is created you may insert it by typing, I <ENTER>.
Change to the ceiling outlet fixture layer. You will see this dialog box on the
screen:

By default, all the options you need are pre-selected. Since you only
have one block in your drawing, its name is displayed.
Make sure that the insertion point - specify on-screen box is checked,
and the explode button is not checked. The scale - specify on-screen should
not be checked. Then press the ok button. Pick anywhere on your screen and
you will see the block appear. Notice how the block that you drew on the white
zero layer is now red and on the plank2x6 layer.
You may now insert a plank2x6 on every floor plan in your drawing.
You can also copy the block instead of re-inserting each time, but make sure
you know how to insert it.

67
One-Key Shortcuts
Below, you'll find the AutoCAD one-key shortcuts.

Source: https://www.autodesk.com/shortcuts/autocad

Toggle General Features

Ctrl+G Toggle Grid
Ctrl+E Cycle isometric planes
Ctrl+F Toggle running object snaps
Ctrl+H Toggle Pick Style
Ctrl+Shift+H Toggle Hide pallets
Ctrl+I Toggle Coords

68
Ctrl+Shift+I Toggle Infer Constraints

Manage Screen
Ctrl+0 (zero) Clean Screen Ctrl+6 DBConnect Manager
Ctrl+1 Property Palette Ctrl+7 Markup Set Palette
Ctrl+2 Design Center Palette Ctrl+8 Quick Calc
Ctrl+3 Tool Palette Ctrl+9 Command Line
Ctrl+4 Sheet Set Palette

Manage Drawings
Ctrl+N New Drawing Ctrl+Q Exit
Ctrl+S Save drawing Ctrl+Shift+S Save drawing as
Ctrl+O Open drawing Ctrl+Tab Switch to next
Ctrl+P Plot dialog box
Ctrl+Page Up Switch to previous tab in current drawing
Ctrl+Page Down Switch to next tab in current drawing

Toggle Drawing Modes

F1 Display Help F7 Toggle grid mode
F2 Toggle text screen F8 Toggle ortho mode
F3 Toggle object snap mode F9 Toggle snap mode
F4 Toggle 3DOsnap F10 Toggle polar mode
F5 Toggle Isoplane F11 Toggle object snap tracking
F6 Toggle Dynamic UCS F12 Toggle dynamic input mode

Manage Workflow
Ctrl+A Select all objects
Ctrl+C Copy object
Ctrl+K Insert hyperlink
Ctrl+V Paste object
Ctrl+[ Cancel current command (or ctrl+\)
ESC Cancel current command
Ctrl+Z Undo last action
Ctrl+Y Redo last action
Ctrl+X Cut object
Ctrl+Shift+V Paste data as Block

69
 What’s More

Activity 1
Directions: Identify the shortcut key of the following activity. Write your answer
in a separate sheet of paper or in your notebook.

1. F10 ______________ 11. Ctrl+N ______________

2. F8 ______________ 12. F12 ______________
3. F7 ______________ 13. F11 ______________
4. ESC ______________ 14. Ctrl+P ______________
5. Ctrl+A ______________ 15. Ctrl+H ______________
6. F2 ______________ 16. Ctrl+1 ______________
7. Ctrl+X ______________ 17. Ctrl+3 ______________
8. Ctrl+Z ______________ 18. F5 ______________
9. Ctrl+C ______________ 19. Ctrl+Tab ______________
10. F6 ______________ 20. F4 ______________

What I Have Learned

Directions: Read each statement below carefully and fill in the blank(s) with
the
correct answer. Answers may be more than one word. Write your
answer in a separate paper.
1. A _______________ is simply a collection of objects (it could be one
object) that has a name.
2. Choose _______________> Block panel> Create to start the BLOCK
command. The Block Definition dialog box opens.
3. You need to specify a ______________. That’s the point at which you’ll
insert the block.
4. Be sure to use an ________________ for accuracy.
5. You can select the ___________ before using the command and they’ll
show up in the dialog box.

70
 6. In the _____________area, choose the block unit. You can choose
Unit less but if you choose a unit, AutoCAD will try to scale the block
appropriately when you insert it into another drawing.
7. A ______________ is helpful in the Design Center when you want to
insert the block from another drawing.
8. Once a block is created you may insert it by typing,
____________<ENTER>.
9. Make sure that the ______________ - ________________ is checked,
and the Explode button is not checked.
10. If you chose ___________, the objects disappear.

What I Can Do

Activity 2
Directions: Create your own CAD block by following the procedure below.
1. Draw the objects that you want in the block.
2. Choose home tab> block panel> create to start the block command.
The block definition dialog box opens.
3. Type a name in the name text box. The name can have spaces.
4. You need to specify a base point. That’s the point at which you’ll insert
the block. In the base point section, click the pick point. Be sure to use
an object snap for accuracy. You’ll immediately return to the dialog box.
5. In the objects section, click the Select objects button. Select the objects
and press enter to return to the dialog box.
6. Just below, choose retain, convert to block, or delete. These options
control what happens after you create the block.
7. In the behavior section, you can make a block annotative, force it to
scale uniformly and choose whether to allow exploding.
8. In the settings area, choose the block unit. You can choose Unit less
but if you choose a unit, AutoCAD will try to scale the block
appropriately when you insert it into another drawing. You can also add
a hyperlink if you want.
9. Finally, you can add a description in the description box. A description
is helpful in the design center when you want to insert the block from
another drawing.
10. Click ok to complete the box. If you choose Delete, the objects
disappear. You can use the OOPS command to bring them back.

71
 Assessment

Post-Test

Multiple Choice
Directions: Choose the letter of the best answer. Write the chosen letter on a
separate sheet of paper.
1. What is an AutoCAD block?
a. collection of objects that has a name
b. collection of symbols
c. collection of signs
d. collection of commands
2. The following are the advantages of the AutoCAD block except one.
a. You can insert them again and again to save time. In fact, you
can insert them into other drawings as well.
b. A block uses less electronic space than individual objects, so
your drawing file is smaller.
c. By updating a block’s definition, you can update all the blocks in
the drawing.
d. You cannot create your own block.
3. What is the first step in creating a block?
a. Draw the objects that you want in the block.
b. Choose Home tab> Block panel> Create to start the BLOCK
command. The Block Definition dialog box opens.
c. Type a name in the Name text box. The name can have spaces.
d. Specify a base point.
4. Which of the keyboard keys must be pressed in the command line bar
to execute the block dialog box?
a. create c. BL
b. block d. black
5. What is the shortcut key for insert a block?
a. IB c. I
b. B d. BI
6. Which of the keyboard keys must be pressed to toggle grid?
a. ctrl + e c. ctrl + h
b. ctrl + g d. ctrl + shift + g
7. Which keystrokes will UNDO a command?
a. alt+u c. control+u
b. alt+z d. control+z
8. Which of the keyboard keys must be pressed to execute a command or
to accept an Auto CAD default?
a. F2 and enter c. enter and space bar

72
 b. enter and esc d. esc and space bar
9. Which of the function keys can be used for activating the Snap Mode?
a. F3 c. F9
b. F5 d. F8
10. What function key toggles dynamic UCS?
a. F3 c. F6
b. F5 d. F8
11. What function key displays help?
a. F1 c. F6
b. F5 d. F2
12. What keyboard key saves drawing as?
a. Ctrl + Shift + S c. Ctrl + H
b. Ctrl + G d. Ctrl + Shift + G
13. What keyboard key opens drawing?
a. Ctrl + Shift + S c. Ctrl + D
b. Ctrl + O d. Ctrl + Shift + G
14. What keyboard key enables select all objects?
a. Ctrl + E c. Ctrl + A
b. Ctrl + O d. Ctrl + M
15. What keyboard key pastes data as Block?
a. Ctrl + Shift + S c. Ctrl + Shift + V
b. Ctrl + O d. Ctrl + Shift + G

Additional Activities

Activity 3

Directions: Draw the following symbols below and save it as block.

73
Source: https://www.istockphoto.com/vector/interior-design-floor-plan-
symbols-top-view-furniture-cad-symbol-vector-furniture-gm935597706-
255997236

Summative Assessment
A. Directions: Choose the letter of the best answer. Write the chosen letter
on a separate sheet of paper.
1. Which of the following is necessary for setting the fillet command?
a. angle c. base point
b. distance d. radius
2. Which keystrokes will UNDO a command?
a. alt+u c. control+u
b. alt+z d. control+z
3. Which of the following is important in setting the chamfer command?
a. angle point 1 and 2
b. distance 1 and 2
c. base point 1 and 2
d. radius 1 and 2
4. Which of the keyboard keys must be pressed to execute a command or
to accept an Auto CAD default?
a. F2 and enter
b. enter and esc
c. enter and space bar
d. esc and space bar
5. What drawing aid is short for orthogonal, which means either vertical or
horizontal?
a. ortho c. osnap
b. snap d. grid
6. Which command is used to change the size of existing objects?
a. move c. scale
b. rotate d. zoom
7. Which of the function keys can be used for activating the Snap Mode?
a. F3 c. F9
b. F5 d. F8
8. What command is used to draw a rectangle whose sides are vertical
and horizontal?
a. L c. Rec
b. PL d. C
9. What modifying command can duplicate existing objects in a rectangle
or circular (polar) pattern?
a. block c. osnap
b. array d. fillet

74
10. Which drawing aid has a regular pattern of dots displayed on the
screen which acts as a visual aid. It is the equivalent of having a
sheet of graph paper behind your drawing on a drawing board?
a. ortho c. osnap
b. snap d. grid
11. What drawing aid only allows you to pick points which lie on a regular
grid?
a. ortho c. osnap
b. snap d. grid
12. What modifying tool has a command “TR”?
a. transfer c. trick
b. trip d. trim
13. What modifying tool can be used to move one or more vertices of an
object while leaving the rest of the object unchanged?
a. stretch c. move
b. units d. scale
14. What is the command for Move?
a. MO c. F2
b. M d. F1
15. What type of object snap that breaks to the midpoints of lines and arcs
and the mid-point of polyline segments?
a. End-point c. Mid-point
b. Intersection d. Extension

B. Directions: Identify shortcut of the following commands.

1. Move _______________ 11. Scale _______________
2. Spline _______________ 12. Stretch _______________
3. Copy _______________ 13. Fillet _______________
4. Offset _______________ 14. Arc _______________
5. Polyline _______________ 15. Erase _______________
6. Donuts _______________ 16. Circle _______________
7. Polygon _______________ 17. Trim _______________
8. Snap _______________ 18. Extend _______________
9. Rotate _______________ 19. Chamfer _______________
10. Ellipses _______________ 20. Array _______________

75
 Answer Key

Lesson 1.What I
Know/Assessment Lesson 1.What's Lesson 1.What I
1. C More learned
2. B A. 1. Polygon
3. C 1. Line 2. Corners
4. D 2. Spline 3. Polyline
5. C 3. Polyline 4. Circle
6. A 4. Rectangle 5. Donut
7. B 5. Donut 6. Spline
8. C 6. Polygon 7. Vertical & Flat
9. D 7. Arc 8. Polyline
10. C 8. Circle 9. C
11. D B. 10. SPL
12. B 1. Spline
13. C 2. Arc
14. A 3. Circle
15. A 4. Donut
5. Polygon
6. Rectangle
7. Polyline

Lesson 2.What I Lesson 2.What's Lesson 2.What I

Know/Assessment More learned

1. C 1. Pick single 1. Single object

2. D 2. Window 2. Two points
3. A 3. Fence 3. Cross window
4. C 4. Window 4. W
5. A Polygon 5. Window
6. B 5. Crossing 6. C
7. B Polygon 7. F
8. C 8. WP
9. D 9. Shift+Space
10. A 10. L
11. A
12. A
13. C
14. D
15. B

76
Lesson 3.What I Lesson 3.What's Lesson 3.What I
Know/Assessment More learned
1. D A. 1. arcs & circle
2. B 1. extend 2. chamfer
3. C 2. fillet 3. quick &
4. B 3. chamfer standard
5. D 4. erase 4. stretch
6. A 5. stretch 5. scale
7. B 6. scale 6. rotate
8. A 7. move 7. move
9. B 8. mirror 8. array
10. D 9. trim 9. offset
11. C 10. offset 10. copy
12. C
13. B
14. C B.
15. C 1. polygon
2. offset
3. rotate
4. trim
5. scale
6. polyline
7. erase
8. array

Lesson 4.What I Lesson 4.What's Lesson 4.What I

Know/Assessment More learned

1. A 1. ortho 1. ortho
2. C 2. grid 2. y
3. D 3. sn 3. grid
4. B 4. units 4. extent
5. C 5. f9 5. snap
6. A 6. node 6. objects snap
7. B 7. mid 7. endpoint
8. C 8. end 8. geometric
9. D 9. quadrant 9. node
10. B 10. parallel 10. extension
11. C
12. D
13. B
14. C
15. A

77
Lesson 5.What I Lesson 5.What's More Lesson 5.What I
Know/Assessment 1. toggle polar learned
1. A mode 1. block
2. D 2. toggle ortho 2. home tab
3. A mode 3. base point
4. B 3. toggle grid mode 4. object snap
5. C 4. cancel current 5. objects
6. B command 6. setting area
7. D 5. select objects 7. description
8. C 6. toggle text 8. i
9. C screen 9. intersection
10. C 7. cut objects point-specify on
11. A 8. undo last action screen
12. A 9. copy object 10. delete
13. B 10. toggle dynamic
14. C ucs
15. C 11. new drawing
12. toggle dynamic
input mode
13. toggle object
snap tracking
14. plot dialog box
15. toggle pick style
16. property pallets
17. tool palette
18. toggle isoplane
19. switch to next
20. toggle 3d osnap

Summative Summative
Assessment Assessment
B. A.
1. D 1. M
2. D 2. SPL
3. B 3. CO
4. C 4. O
5. A 5. PL
6. C 6. DO
7. C 7. POL
8. C 8. SN
9. B 9. RO
10. D 10. EL
11. B 11. SC
12. D 12. S
13. A 13. F
14. B 14. A
15. C 15. E
16. C
17. TR
18. EX
19. CHA
20. AR
78
References

How to use line command in AutoCAD

Jackson
http://autocadtip.com/how-to-use-line-command-in-autocad.html

K to 12 Basic Education Curriculum- Technology and Livelihood Education

Learning Module – Technical Drafting

Object Selection
http://www.cadtutor.net/tutorials/autocad/object-selection.php

Home
Prakoso et al.
https://www.cad-notes.com/10-ways-to-use-autocad-object-selection/

Home
Prakoso et al.
https://www.cad-notes.com/modifying-autocad-drawing-objects/

AutoCAD
https://knowledge.autodesk.com/support/autocad/learn-
explore/caas/CloudHelp/cloudhelp/2020/ENU/AutoCAD-Core/files/GUID-
1CF9287F-06E8-4D03-8377-2E130862FE02-htm.html

Modifying Objects
https://www.cadtutor.net/tutorials/autocad/modifying-objects.php

Drawing Aids
https://www.cadtutor.net/tutorials/autocad/drawing-aids.php

Object snap and how to use it in AutoCAD

Richardson et al.
https://thesourcecad.com/object-snap-autocad/

AutoCAD
https://knowledge.autodesk.com/support/autocad/learn-
explore/caas/CloudHelp/cloudhelp/2021/ENU/AutoCAD-Core/files/GUID-
76B81C1A-373E-4BCD-975A-789FB36C89FE-
htm.html?st=Snap+%28COmmand%29

Create a block in AutoCAD

Finkelstein

79
https://allaboutcad.com/create-a-block-in-autocad/

How to Insert Blocks in AutoCAD 2014

Fane et al.
https://www.dummies.com/programming/autocad/how-to-insert-blocks-in-
autocad-2014/

AutoCAD Keyboard Commands & Shortcuts Guide

https://www.autodesk.com/shortcuts/autocad

AutoCAD: Learn the Basics in One Hour

Bethany
https://www.scan2cad.com/cad/autocad-basics-in-one-hour/

80
For inquiries or feedback, please write or call:

Department of Education - Bureau of Learning Resources (DepEd-BLR)

DepEd Division of Bukidnon

Fortich Street, Sumpong, Malaybalay City

Telefax: (088) 813-3634

E-mail: [email protected]