CHAPTER ONE

TOPIC: GRAPHICS PACKAGE JSS2 THIRD LESSON NOTE

Graphics package are special designed software that are used for
graphics production of images, drawings, design, pictures and other
graphics related jobs.
EXAMPLES OF GRAPHICS PACKAGE
1. Ms -paint
2. Corel-draw
3. Photoshop
4. Instant Artist
5. Corel Dream
6. Logo graphic
7. Corel Paint
8. Auto card added design
Features of Graphic Packages
Most of the graphic packages possess the following features and
tools.
1. Menu bar:
The menu bar can be used to activate commands of graphic
packages and operations. Depending on the graphic package you
are using, some packages contain the following. File, edit, view,
text, tools, window, help, etc.
2. Toolbar:
The tool bar is a bar that contains short cuts to menu and other
command. For example, you can use the “open” icon opens an
existing document by clicking on it. Others are save, print, cut,
copy, paste, alignment, bold italics, underline etc
3. Toolbox:
A toolbox is a bar with tools for creating, filling and modifying
objects in the drawing
4. Printable area:
Printable area can be referred to as the work space inside the
drawing window, which you can plan your work on.
1
5. Colour palette:
It is a bar that allows you to fill desired objects or texts with any
colour you want.

2
 CHAPTER TWO
TOPIC: MS- PAINT ENVIRONMENT
Ms - Paint is a software from Microsoft Inc. It allows one to create,
customize and paint graphics or images.

Features of the Paint Environment

Starting Paint Program
To start a paint program the following steps are to be followed:
1. Click on Start Menu
2. Navigate to all program and click on it
3. Navigate to accessories or window accessories and click on it
4. move to paint program and Click on it
Tools in the Toolbar
The paint toolbox has sixteen tools. The names of the different tools
are shown in the diagram below:
Functions of Toolbox Tools
1. Free-form select: The free-select tool is a tool used to select
objects that have been drawn in the drawing area
2. Rectangle Select tool: The Rectangle select tool is also used to
select objects in the drawing area.
3. The eraser tool: It is used to remove mistakes that have been
made in a drawing. The size of the eraser can be adjusted to remove
either big or small areas of a drawing
4. Fill colour tool: This is a also known as paint bucket tool. It is
used to fill objects that have drawn with any colour of your choice.
5. Pick colour tool: The pick colour is used to pick or select colour
from pictures.
6. Magnifier tool: The magnifier tool is used to make objects in the
drawing area appear bigger.

3
7. Pencil tool: The pencil tool is known as the default tool in the
paint program. You can use the pencil for drawing just like a real
life pencil. You must click and drag the mouse pointer to use the
pencil tool.
8. Brush tool: The brush tool works like a real-life brush. You have
different brush options to choose from in the tool box.
9. Air brush tool: The air brush tool is used to spray colour over an
object. The airbrush tool works like a spray can. The amount of
colour spray over a particular area depends on how long you hold
down the mouse button and keep it in the same area.
10. Text tool: the text tool is used for inserting text into the
drawing.
11. Line tool: The line tool is used to draw horizontal, vertical and
diagonal lines.
12. Rectangular tool: The rectangular tool is used to draw
rectangles and squares of different sizes.
13. Curve tool: The curve tool is used for drawing curves from a
line. To draw curve line, you must first draw a line with the tool,
and then click on any part of the line and drag the mouse pointer to
create a curve on the line.
14. Polygon tool: The polygon tool is used to draw straight line
objects with different shapes and sizes. You can use the polygon
tool to draw a triangle, star, rhombus and many other polygons.
15. Ellipse tool: The ellipse tool is used to for drawing ovals and
circles of different sizes.
16. Rounded rectangle tool: It is used for drawing rectangles and
squares of different sizes with rounded edges.

4
Image 1 is the Microsoft paint environment

Image 2 is the Microsoft paint tools

ASSIGNMENT
1. Draw and label the ms- paint environment
PRACTICAL
2. Use ms- paint to design the following house, rectangular, try
angular, cycle, cone, star, flower and heart

5
 CHAPTER THREE

TOPIC: ICT
Meaning of ICT
ICT is an acronym that stands for Information and Communication
Technology.
Information: Information is refers to knowledge obtained from
reading, investigating, study and research.
Communication: Communication is an act of transmitting
messages.
Technology: Technology is the application of scientific knowledge
for practical purpose especially in industry.
ICT can therefore be defined as technologies that provide access to
information through telecommunication. It also defined as the use
of diverse set of technological tool and resources to communicate,
create, disseminate, store and manage information. It is the
combination of compatible hardware and computer-based
information systems together with improved communication
technologies.
Information can be transmitted from one place to the other with the
use of ICT. For example, sending and receiving e-mail messages,
making phone calls, audio and video conferencing, sending and
receiving fax messages, chatting and instant messaging etc.
Examples of ICT gadgets are computers, cellular network, satellites
communication, television, telephone, etc

ICT Components
The major components of ICT are:
1. Computer: It is needed to process data and information.
2. Input/output devices: These sends or receive data

6
3. Communication channels: These are links by which voice or data
are transmitted. These links used various media such as telephone
line, fiber optic cable, coaxial cable and wireless transmission which
could be radio or satellite link.
4. Communication processors: These are processors which provide
support function of data transmission and reception. Examples are
modem, router and multiplexer.
5. Communication software: This control input and out activities
and also manage other functions of the communication network.

Benefits of ICT
i. It is timely, better and cheaper access to knowledge and
information
ii. It speeds up transactions and processes
iii. It causes human beings interact with each other in new ways.
iv. Distances becomes irrelevant in business transaction and
dealing

Disadvantages of ICT
i. It leads to job loses
ii.Threatens other areas/fields of human endeavour. E.g. criminals
view it as an avenue to commit crime of all kinds.
iii. ICT tools may not be easily affordable.
iv. Maintenance of some ICT tools or gadgets are expensive

7
 CHAPTER FOUR
TOPIC: ICT GADGETS
ICT GADGETS
A gadget is a small technological device or an appliance that has a
particular function. Examples of ICT gadgets include Computer,
Automated teller machine (ATM), Dispensing machine, Radio sets,
Television set, Fax machine, Telephone, GSM, etc.
Fax Machine (Facsimile Machine)
This transmits texts and graphics messages from one location to
the other; it might be within the country or outside a country with
the use of series of number called Fax number. It is a combination
of a telephone and a photocopier.

8
TELEPHONE
A telephone, or phone, is a telecommunications device that permits
two or more users to conduct a conversation when they are too far
apart to be heard directly. A telephone converts sound, typically
and most efficiently the human voice, into electronic signals
suitable for transmission via cables or other transmission media
over long distances, and replays such signals simultaneously in
audible form to its user.

CELL PHONE (GSM)

Cellular or cell phone generally referred to as GSM (Global System
for Mobile Communications, originally GroupeSpécial Mobile) can
be used as normal telephone to make or receive calls and also send
and receive text messages. The latest cell phone technology allows
one to send and receive e-mail and digital photograph.

9
Computer
A computer is a programmable machine that inputs, processes and
outputs data. A computer system refers to the computer and all its
equipment.
10
11
Automated Teller Machine (ATM).
Automated Teller Machine is also known as automated banking
machine (ABM) or cash machine is a computerized
telecommunication device that provides the client of financial
institution with access to financial transactions in public space
without the need for a cashier, human clerk or a bank teller.

12
Dispensing machine
A dispensing machine is a machine that gives items to customers
automatically, after the customer inserts currency or credit into the
machine.
Radio Set
A radio receiver (commonly also called a radio) is an electronic
device that receives radio waves and converts the information

13
carried by them to a useable form. It is used with an antenna. The
antenna intercepts radio waves (electromagnetic waves) and
converts them to tiny alternating currents which are applied to the
receiver, and the receiver extracts the desired information.

Television
Television or TV is a telecommunication medium used for
transmitting sound with moving images in monochrome (black-and-
white), or in color, and in two or three dimensions

14
A digital camera is a camera that captures photographs in
digitalmemosoun. However, unlike film cameras, digital cameras
can display images on a screen immediately after being recorded,
and store and delete images from memory. Many digital cameras
can also record moving videos with sound.

Creating messages with Cell phone (GSM)

To create a message with mobile phone, follow the steps below:
i. Select the message menu
ii. Select the create message submenu
iii.Type the message
iv. Enter the recipient’s number
v. Press ok/Send/Yes key
Retrieving Message with a Cell phone (GSM)
To retrieve a message with mobile phone, follow the steps below:
i. Send the message menu

15
ii. Select the inbox submenu.
iii. Scroll to the message you want from the list of displayed
messages.
iv. Press OK/YES to read the message.
Sending fax using Fax machine
To send a fax with your fax machine:
i. Place the document you want to send in the document feeder.
ii. Enter the fax number you want to send to.
iii. Press Send or Go (depending on your fax machine model)
iv. Wait for the fax to finish scanning and sending your document

16
 CHAPTER FIVE
TOPIC: INTERNET
Definition of Internet
Internet is a worldwide network of computers that share
information. The Internet is a global network connecting millions of
computers. It is also defined as a global system of interconnected
computer networks that use the Internet protocol suite to link
devices worldwide.

Internet Terms
1. Cyber café: An internet café or cyber café is a place which
provides internet access to the public, usually for a fee.
2. Download: To transfer a file from remote computer to a local
computer. In other words, it means to transfer a file from a web
server to a web client.
3. Upload: To transfer a file from a local computer to a remote
computer. In other words, it means to transfer a file from a web
client to a web server.
4. E-mail: An email is a mail that is electronically transmitted by
your computer.
5. Email Address: An email address is the name for an electronic
postbox that can receive and send email messages on a network. An
email address consists of two parts, which are the username and
the domain name. In [email protected], steve is the username
and example.com is the domain-part. The domain name part of an
email address is case insensitive. The local mailbox part, however,
is case sensitive. Examples of email addresses are:
[email protected], [email protected],
[email protected] etc.
6. Homepage or Home page: It is the first page that appears when
you visit any website. It is also the page of a Web site that provides
the introduction or content with links.
7. HTTP: HTTP is an abbreviation for Hypertext Transfer Protocol. It
is the set of rules by which Web pages are transferred across the
Internet.
8. URL: URL Stands for "Uniform Resource Locator." A URL is the
address of a specific webpage or file on the Internet.

17
9. World Wide Web (WWW): It is defined as part of the internet that
contains linked text, image sound, and video documents.
10. Website: A Website is a collection of World Wide Web pages or
files. Examples of website address include:
www.uniqueschoolsmakurdi.com.ng, www.nairaland.com,
www.waeconline.org, www.uniquesecschmkd.blogspot.com.ng etc
11. Webpage: A Web page is a single hypertext file or a page that is
part of a Web site
12. Web server: A server is a computer that delivers web content to
web browser.
13. HTML (Hypertext Markup Language). It is the language of the
web.
14. ISP (Internet Service Provider): ISP is an organisation that
provides access to the internet and web hosting.
15. Browse: The term to describe a user’s movement across the web
16. Web Browser (Internet Browser): A software program used to
display WebPages. It is also defined as is a software application for
retrieving, presenting, and traversing (moving through) information
resources on the World Wide Web.
Types of Internet Browser
a. Mozilla fire fox
b. Opera browser
c. Microsoft Internet explorer (Microsoft edge)
d. Google Chrome
e. Apple Safari, etc

Features of Internet Browser

An internet browser has many different parts. They include:
1. Title bar: Displays the title of the open web page
2. Menu bar: The menu bar can be used to activate commands.
Depending on the browser you are using, some contain the
following: File, edit, view, tools, Bookmark, help, etc
3. Address Bar: An address bar is a component of an Internet
browser which is used to input and show the address of a website.
The web address is generally given in lowercase letters and is case
insensitive. There are no spaces in a webpage or website address.
4. Status Bar: Status bar displays the status of the current page
5. Scroll Bar: This provides vertical or horizontal scrolling through

18
the web pages.
6. Standard tool bar: Standard tool bar has many different buttons.
They are explained below.
a. Back: To go back to previously viewed page
b. Forward: To move forward to a page which was viewed
c. Stop: To halt loading of webpage.
d. Refresh/Reload: To refresh the contents of the currently
displayed webpage from the start
e. Home: To go to the homepage of the currently viewed website.
f. History: It displays a list of previously viewed website
g. Print: Prints the webpage with the default printer settings.

Uses of the Internet1. The Internet is used for communication to

any part of the world
2. The internet is used to search for information on the web through
search engines
3. It is used in sending and receiving messages.
4. It is used for chatting
5. It can be used in planning of trip. E,g. GPS.
6. It can be used for advertisement and marketing. Etc
Benefits of the internet
a. It enables us to share resources globally.
b. Internet allows access to information in a very fast manner.
c. It is cost effective.
d. It allows online banking transactions.
e. E-education
f. E-friends
g. E-entertainment
Abuse of the Internet
1. It is used by impostors to defraud people
2. Piracy of software
3. Pornography
4. Hacking
5. Plagiarism
6. Computer virus
Definition of Electronic Mail Electronic mail, commonly called
email or e-mail, is a method of exchanging digital messages from an
author to one or more recipients. It can also be defined as a system
19
for sending and receiving messages electronically over a computer
network.

Steps to Create Email Account Follow the steps below to create

email account
1. Click On a web browser
2. Visit a website that offers an email service e.g. www.gmail.com
3. Click on the Free Sign Up Button
4. Enter all mandatory fields (First Name, Last Name, Gender, etc.)
5. Click the "Accept" - Button underneath

Procedure for sending an Email1. Log in to your email account

2. Click Compose.
3. A new blank email window will open up. In the ‘To’ box, type in
the email address of the recipient.
4. You might want to include someone else in your email to ‘keep
them in the loop’. You can do this by clicking Cc or Bcc, which will
open another field. ‘Cc’ means ‘carbon copy’ and ‘Bcc’ means ‘blind
carbon copy’
5. Type in the subject of the email. The subject field allows you to
give the recipient an idea of the topic of your email, like a heading.
6. Type your message in the main body field of your email.
7. Email text can be formatted in a similar way to text in a word
document.
8. Click the Send button at the bottom of the compose window.

SEARCH ENGINE
A search engine is a software system that is designed to carry out
web searches, which means to search the World Wide Web in a
systematic way for particular information specified in a textual web
search query.
E-Mail
Type of E-mail
Uses of e-mail

20