Levite

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Levites
‫לויים‬

Total population

~500,000–600,000 worldwide [a]

Regions with significant populations

 Israel 240,000

 United States 200,000

 France 16,000

 Canada 12,000

Languages

Vernacular:

Hebrew, English and numerous other languages in the Jewish diaspora

Historical:

Biblical Hebrew, Aramaic

Religion

Judaism, Samaritanism

Related ethnic groups

other Jews, Samaritans

Levites are the descendants of the Tribe of Levi, one of the twelve tribes of

Israel. Levites are integrated in Jewish and Samaritan communities, but keep a
 distinct status. There are estimated 300,000 Levites among Ashkenazi Jewish

communities.[1] Total percentage of Levites among Jews is about 4%.

A Levite (or Levi)[2] (/ˈliːvaɪt/, Hebrew: ‫ ֵלוִי‬, Modern: Levi, Tiberian: Lēwî) is a Jewish male who

claims  patrilineal descent from the Tribe of Levi.[3] The Tribe of Levi descended from Levi,
the third son of Jacob and Leah. The surname Halevi, which consists of the Hebrew definite
article "‫"ה‬ Ha- ("the") plus Levi (Levite) is not conclusive regarding being a Levite; a titular
use of HaLeviindicates being a Levite. The daughter of a Levite is a "Bat Levi" (Bat being
Hebrew for "daughter").
The Tribe of Levi served particular religious duties for the Israelites and had political[4]and
educational responsibilities as well. In return, the landed tribes were expected to support the
Levites with a tithe(Numbers 18:21–25), particularly the tithe known as the First
tithe, ma'aser rishon. The Kohanim, a subset of the Levites, were the priests, who performed
the work of holiness in the Temple. The Levites, referring to those who were not Kohanim,
were specifically assigned to 

 singing[5] and/or playing music in the Temple

 serving as guards
 carrying[6][7]
When Joshua led the Israelites into the land of Canaan (Joshua 13:33), the Sons of Levi were
the only Israelite tribe that received cities but were not allowed to be landowners "because the
Lord the God of Israel Himself is their inheritance" (Deuteronomy 18:2).[8]
In modern times, Levites are integrated in Jewish communities, but keep a distinct status.
There are estimated 300,000 Levites among Ashkenazi Jewish communities,[9] and a similar
number among Sephardic and Mizrahi Jews combined. The total percentage of Levites
among the wider Jewish population is about 4%.

Contents

 1In contemporary Jewish practice

o 1.1Relationship with Kohanim

o 1.2Bat Levi

o 1.3The Levites and the Holocaust

 2Levite population

o 2.1Levite Y-chromosome studies

o 2.2Lineage

o 2.3Levite surnames

 2.3.1Modern Levites

 3See also
  4Explanatory footnotes

 5References

 6Further reading

 7External links

In contemporary Jewish practice[edit]

Today, Levites in Orthodox Judaism continue to have additional rights and obligations
compared to lay people, although these responsibilities have diminished with the destruction
of the Temple. For instance, Kohanim are eligible to be called to the Torah first, followed by
the Levites. Levites also provide assistance to the Kohanim, particularly washing their hands,
before the Kohanim recite the Priestly Blessing.[10][11]
Since Levites (and Kohanim) are traditionally pledged to Divine service, there is no Pidyon
HaBen (redemption of the firstborn) ceremony for:

 the son of a Kohen's or a Levite's daughter

 the son of a Kohen or a Levite.[12][13]
Orthodox Judaism believes in the eventual rebuilding of a Temple in Jerusalem and a
resumption of the Levitical role. There are a small number of schools, primarily in Israel, to
train priests and Levites in their respective roles.[14]
Conservative Judaism, which believes in a restoration of the Temple as a house of worship
and in some special role for Levites, although not the ancient sacrificial system as previously
practiced, recognizes Levites as having special status. Not all Conservative congregations call
Kohanim and Levites to the first and second reading of the Torah, and many no longer
perform rituals such as the Priestly Blessing and Pidyon HaBen in which Kohanim and
Levites have a special role.
Reconstructionist and Reform Judaism do not observe the distinctions between Kohanim,
Levites, and other Jews.
Relationship with Kohanim[edit]
Main articles: Kohen and Priesthood (Ancient Israel)
The Kohanim are traditionally believed and halachically required to be of direct patrilineal
descent from the biblical Aaron of the Levi tribe.
The noun kohen is used in the Torah to refer to priests, both Israelite and non-Israelite, such
as the Israelite nation as a whole,[15] as well as the priests (Hebrew kohanim) of Baal. During
the existence of the Temple in Jerusalem, Kohanim performed the daily and holiday (Yom
Tov) duties of sacrificial offerings.
Today kohanim retain a lesser though somewhat distinct status within Judaism, and are bound
by additional restrictions according to Orthodox Judaism. During the Priestly Blessing, the
Levites traditionally wash the hands of the Kohanim prior to the blessing of the House of
Israel.[16] ("A first-born son washes the Kohen's hands if there is no Levite".[17][18])
Bat Levi[edit]
In Orthodox Judaism, children of a Bat Levi, like those of a Bat-Kohen, regardless of the
child's father's tribe or the mother's marital status, retain the traditional exemption for their
children from the requirement of being redeemed through the Pidyon HaBen.[19]
Conservative Judaism permits a Bat Levi to perform essentially all the rituals a male Levi
would perform, including being called to the Torah for the Levite aliyah in those
Conservative synagogues which have both retained traditional tribal roles and modified
traditional gender roles.[20] In Israel, Conservative/Masorti Judaism has not extended Torah
honors to either a bat Kohen or a bat Levi.[21]
The Levites and the Holocaust[edit]
Main article: Holocaust theology
In 1938, with the outbreak of violence that would come to be known as Kristallnacht,
American Orthodox rabbi Menachem HaKohen Risikoff wrote about the central role he saw
for Priests and Levites in terms of Jewish and world responses, in worship, liturgy,
and teshuva, repentance. In The Priests and the Levites,[22] he stressed that members of these
groups exist in the realm between history (below) and redemption (above), and must act in a
unique way to help move others to prayer and action, and help bring an end to suffering. He
wrote, "Today, we also are living through a time of flood, Not of water, but of a bright fire,
which burns and turns Jewish life into ruin. We are now drowning in a flood of blood. ...
Through the Kohanim and Levi'im help will come to all Israel."[23]

Levite population[edit]
Levite Y-chromosome studies[edit]
A 2003 study of the Y-chromosome by Behar et al. pointed to multiple origins
for AshkenaziLevites, who comprise approximately 4% among the Ashkenazi Jews. It found
that Haplogroup R1a1a (R-M17), uncommon in the Middle East or among Sephardi Jews, is
present in over 50% of Ashkenazi Levites, while the rest of Ashkenazi Levites' paternal
lineage is of certain Middle Eastern origin, including Y-chromosome haplogroups
E3b,J2,F,R1b,K,I,Q,N and L.[24] Haplogroup R1a1a is found at the highest levels among
people of Eastern European descent, with 50 to 65% among Sorbs, Poles, Russians,
and Ukrainians.[25][26] In South Asia, R1a1a has often been observed with high frequency in a
number of demographic groups, reaching over 70% in West Bengal Brahmins in India and
among the Mohani tribe in Sindh province in Pakistan.[27] Behar suggested a founding event,
probably involving one or very few European men, occurring at a time close to the initial
formation and settlement of the Ashkenazi community as a possible explanation.[24]As Nebel,
Behar and Goldstein speculate,
although neither the NRY haplogroup composition of the majority of Ashkenazi Jews nor the
microsatellite haplotype composition of the R1a1 haplogroup within Ashkenazi Levites is
consistent with a major Khazar or other European origin, as has been speculated by some
authors (Baron 1957; Dunlop 1967; Ben-Sasson 1976; Keys 1999), one cannot rule out the
important contribution of a single or a few founders among contemporary Ashkenazi
Levites."[28]
A 2013 paper by Siiri Rootsi et al. confirmed a Near or Middle Eastern origin for all
Ashkenazi Levites, including the R1a Y-chromosome carriers, and refuted the Khazar origin: 
Previous Y-chromosome studies have demonstrated that Ashkenazi Levites, members of a
paternally inherited Jewish Levite caste, display a distinctive founder event within R1a, the
most prevalent Y-chromosome haplogroup in Eastern Europe. Here we report the analysis of
16 whole R1 sequences and show that a set of 19 unique nucleotide substitutions defines the
Ashkenazi R1a lineage. While our survey of one of these, M582, in 2,834 R1a samples
reveals its absence in 922 Eastern Europeans, we show it is present in all sampled R1a
Ashkenazi Levites, as well as in 33.8% of other R1a Ashkenazi Jewish males and 5.9% of
303 R1a Near Eastern males, where it shows considerably higher diversity. Moreover, the
M582 lineage also occurs at low frequencies in non-Ashkenazi Jewish populations. In
contrast to the previously suggested Eastern European origin for Ashkenazi Levites, the
current data are indicative of a geographic source of the Levite founder lineage in the Near
East and its likely presence among pre-Diaspora Hebrews.[29]
In a later 2017 study Behar et al. revised their initially mitigated position, concluding that a
"Middle Eastern origin of the Ashkenazi Levite lineage based on what was previously a
relatively limited number of reported samples, can now be considered firmly validated",
precising that a "rich variation of haplogroup R1a outside of Europe which is
phylogenetically separate from the typically European R1a branches", referring to the R1a-
Y2619 sub-clade.[30]
Lineage[edit]
Having a last name of Levi or a related term does not necessarily mean a person is a Levite,
and many well-known Levites do not have such last names.[31]
Levitical status is passed down in families from father[32] to child born from a Jewish mother,
as part of a family's genealogical tradition. Tribal status of Levite is determined by patrilineal
descent, so a child whose biological father is a Levite (in cases of adoption or artificial
insemination, status is determined by the genetic father), is also considered a Levite. Jewish
status is determined by matrilineal descent, thus conferring levitical status onto children
requires both biological parents to be Israelites and the biological father to be a Levite.
Accordingly, there is currently no branch of Judaism that regards levitical status as conferable
by matrilineal descent. It is either conferable patrilineally with a Jewish mother, in the
traditional manner, or it does not exist and is not conferred at all.
Levite surnames[edit]
Some Levites have adopted a related last name to signify their status. Because of diverse
geographical locations, the names have several variations:[33][34]

 Alouwi – Arabic variant, of Sephardic origin

 Aguiló – surname to the Jews from Mallorca (Xuetes).
 Bazes – a Levite surname.
 Benveniste – a Sephardic Levite surname.[35][36]
 Epstein – one of the European lineages descended from Zerahiah Ha-Levi of
Sepharad
 HaLevi, Halevi and Halevy – Hebrew language and all translate to "the Levi" or
"the Levite".
 Horowitz HaLevi, or simply Horowitz/Hurwitz/Gurvich/Gurevich – a European
Levite surname, tracing to Isaiah Horowitz HaLevi, a descendant of Zerahiah Ha-
Levi of Sepharad
 Lavi – a common Levite surname
 Leefsma – Frisian surname.
 Leevi – Finnish variation.
  Lev – simplified Russian variation of Levi
 Levai, Lévai and Lévay - a Levitic surname, originally meaning "a person
from Levice" but today it is used by Jews who were forced to change their name
during the Holocaust.
 Leven – Swedish variation.
 Levente – Hungarian variation.
 Lévi, Levi, Lévy or Levy – Hebrew for "Levite", equally common in Ashkenasic and
Sephardic groups.
 Levian/Livian/Benlevi/Liviem – Persian-Jewish variations.
 Lević, also Levinić, Prelević – Croatian or Serbian variations.
 Levin – Russian variation, also Levine, Lavin or Lavine (/ləˈviːn/, rhyming with
"ravine", or in some cases further anglicised to /ləˈvaɪn/, rhyming with "divine")
and Lewin a Polish variation. Sometimes supplemented with German "thal"
(valley) to Levinthal or Leventhal and -sohn and -son to Levinson or Levinsohn as
a patronymic, and with Slavic -ski and -sky
suffixes Levinski, Levinsky, Lewinski and Lewinsky (the "e" often replaced with "a"
in German areas).
 Levit, also Levitt – typically from the Bessarabia region of Romania, Moldova and
southern Ukraine.
 Levita – Elia Levita, an ancestor of David Cameron
 Leviyev – the Russified surname (adding the yev/ev) that many Bukharian Jews of
Central Asia have. Sometimes spelled Leviev or even Levaev.
 Lewi or Lewj (Polish, Levi and Levy)
 Lewicki – Polish "of the Levites",
also Lewicka, Lewycka, Lewycki, Lewycky, Lewicky, Levicki, Levicky (can also
originate from placenames in Poland).
 Lewita – Polish Levite or Levita Latinized, with Slavic suffix
-an/in Lewitan, Levitan, Levitin, Lewitin, Lewitinn, and with additional suffix
-ski/sky Levitanski, Lewitanski, Levitansky, also Lewitas, Levitas, Lithuanian,
Belorussian, Leyva Spanish Sephardic, also but rare Lefite, Lafite, Lafitte, of
French Sephardic origin.[33]
 Variants from Yiddish Leyvik, a pet form of Leyvi: Levitch Ukrainian variant,
also Levicz, Levis, Levitz, Lewicz, Lewitz, Lewis, and with -ski and -sky
suffixes Leviczky, Levitski, Levitsky, Lewitski and Lewitsky ("e" and "s" often
replaced with "a" and "z" in German areas).
 Loewy, Löwi, Löwy and Loewe German or Swiss variations (although the usual
origin for these names is Löwe, the German word for "lion").[33]
 Segal – shortened "Segen Levi" (secondary Levite)
 Urfali or Levi Urfali (also Levi Abud, Levi Aslan, Levi Hamami –
an Urfalim community surname, which was mostly Levite in origin
 Zemmel – shortened "Zecher mi-Shevet Levi" (descendant of the Levite tribe)
Modern Levites[edit]
The following are some Levites with non-Levite-like last names in modern times:

 Frank Gehry[37]
  Chaim Herzog[38]
 Norman Lear[39]

See also[edit]
 Kohen
 Samaritans
 Urfalim

Explanatory footnotes[edit]
^ Levites comprise a subgroup of about 4% of world Jewry.[40] Combined with Kohanim, who
are also Levites, the subgroup forms roughly 8% of the Jewish population worldwide,[40] or
about 1–1.1 million. Levites also comprise one of the four surviving families of Samaritans,
where they serve the role of High Priests due to the fact that the last Samaritan High Priest
Cohanic family went extinct in the 17th century.[41]

References[edit]
1. ^ Behar, Doron M.; Saag, Lauri; Karmin, Monika; Gover, Meir G.; Wexler, Jeffrey D.; Sanchez, Luisa
Fernanda; Greenspan, Elliott; Kushniarevich, Alena; Davydenko, Oleg; Sahakyan, Hovhannes;
Yepiskoposyan, Levon; Boattini, Alessio; Sarno, Stefania; Pagani, Luca; Carmi, Shai; Tzur, Shay;
Metspalu, Ene; Bormans, Concetta; Skorecki, Karl; Metspalu, Mait; Rootsi, Siiri; Villems, Richard
(2017).  "The genetic variation in the R1a clade among the Ashkenazi Levites' y
chromosome".  Scientific Reports.  7  (1):
14969.  Bibcode:2017NatSR...714969B.  doi:10.1038/s41598-017-14761-7.  PMC  5668307.  PMID 
29097670.
2. ^ "Levite synonyms, Levite antonyms".  freethesaurus.com.  Synonyms for Levite ... noun a member
of the Hebrew tribe of Levi .. the branch that provided male assistants to ...
3. ^ "Membership in the Levites is determined by paternal descent." "Medical Definition of Levite".
Retrieved  2017-02-19.
4. ^ administering cities of refuge
5. ^ "The Holy Temple Music".  tractate Arachin (11a) that oral music was never to be uttered by
anyone other than a Levite
6. ^ a Levite assigned to one area was punishable by death for encroaching on one of the other two
areas
7. ^ Rambam
8. ^ Joshua 13:33, cited in Herbermann, Charles, ed. (1913).  "Levites"  .  Catholic Encyclopedia. New
York: Robert Appleton Company.
9. ^ Behar, Doron M.; Saag, Lauri; Karmin, Monika; Gover, Meir G.; Wexler, Jeffrey D.; Sanchez, Luisa
Fernanda; Greenspan, Elliott; Kushniarevich, Alena; Davydenko, Oleg; Sahakyan, Hovhannes;
Yepiskoposyan, Levon; Boattini, Alessio; Sarno, Stefania; Pagani, Luca; Carmi, Shai; Tzur, Shay;
Metspalu, Ene; Bormans, Concetta; Skorecki, Karl; Metspalu, Mait; Rootsi, Siiri; Villems, Richard
(2017).  "The genetic variation in the R1a clade among the Ashkenazi Levites' y
chromosome".  Scientific Reports.  7  (1):
14969.  Bibcode:2017NatSR...714969B.  doi:10.1038/s41598-017-14761-7.  PMC  5668307.  PMID 
29097670.
10. ^ Rabbi Isaac Rice (June 22, 2017).  "The Levi Washing the Hands of the Kohen".  YUTorah.org.
11. ^ Nissan Dovid Dubov.  "Kohanim and Leviim - Jewish Essentials".  chabad.org.  In preparation for
Duchaning, the Kohen has his hands washed by a Levi
12. ^ "Who Is Obligated in Pidyon Haben? - Lifecycle Events".  The son of a Levi's daughter does not
have a pidyon haben
13. ^ "Pidyon Ha'ben - Redemption of First Born".  Pidyon Ha'Ben, the "redemption of the first born
son," takes place when a ... 4) The father of the baby is not a Kohen or a Levi, and the mother's
father is ...
14. ^ "Temple Institute announces school to train Levitical priests - Israel". March 8, 2016.  The Temple
Institute, dedicated to reestablishing the Holy Temple in Jerusalem, announces school for training
Kohanim. ... on the Temple service
15. ^ MamLeChes KoHaNim - ‫ממלכת כהנים‬
16. ^ "The general procedure of the Priestly Blessing is: After *Kedushah the priests prepare
themselves, removing their shoes and washing their hands with the assistance of the levites,
whereafter they ascend the platform before the Ark.""Priestly Blessing." Jewish Virtual Library.
17. ^ Raymond Apple (2011).  Let's Ask the Rabbi. p.  163.
18. ^ "Duchening: The Basics".
19. ^ "Rivash" 15; "Divrei Yatziv" by R' Y. Halberstam, E.H. 6; "Yechaveh Da'at" by R' O. Yosef, V 61)
20. ^ Joel Roth, The Status of Daughters of Kohanim and Leviyim for Aliyot, Rabbinical Assembly
21. ^ "See: Robert A. (Rafael) Harris, Rabbinical Assembly of Israel's Law Committee Teshuvah: "The
First Two Aliyot for a Bat Kohen and a Bat Levi." Pages 31–33 in Responsa of the Va'ad Halacha of
the Rabbinical Assembly of Israel 5748–5749 (1989). Volume 3. Jerusalem: The Rabbinical
Assembly of Israel and the Masorti Movement (Hebrew; English Summary, vii–viii)"  (PDF).
Archived from  the original  (PDF)  on 2013-09-26. Retrieved  2013-05-17.
22. ^ ‫ הכהנים והלוים‬HaKohanim vHaLeviim (1940)
23. ^ Gershon Greenberg, "Kristallnacht: The American Ultra-Orthodox Jewish Theology of Response,"
in Maria Mazzenga (editor), American Religious Responses to Kristallnacht, Palgrave MacMillan:
2009, pp. 158–172.
24. ^ Jump up to:     Behar DM, Thomas MG, Skorecki K, et  al. (October 2003).  "Multiple origins of
a b

Ashkenazi Levites: Y chromosome evidence for both Near Eastern and European
ancestries".  American Journal of Human Genetics.  73  (4): 768–
779.  doi:10.1086/378506.  PMC  1180600.  PMID  13680527.
25. ^ Underhill, PA; Myres, NM; Rootsi, S; Metspalu, M; Zhivotovsky, LA; King, RJ; Lin, AA; Chow, CE;
Semino, O; Battaglia, V; Kutuev, I; Järve, M; Chaubey, G; Ayub, Q; Mohyuddin, A; Mehdi, SQ;
Sengupta, S; Rogaev, EI; Khusnutdinova, EK; Pshenichnov, A; Balanovsky, O; Balanovska, E; Jeran,
N; Augustin, DH; Baldovic, M; Herrera, RJ; Thangaraj, K; Singh, V; Singh, L; Majumder, P; Rudan,
P; Primorac, D; Villems, R; Kivisild, T (2010).  "Separating the post-Glacial coancestry of European
and Asian Y chromosomes within haplogroup R1a".  Eur. J. Hum. Genet.  18  (4): 479–
84.  doi:10.1038/ejhg.2009.194.  PMC  2987245.  PMID  19888303.
26. ^ Balanovsky 2008.
27. ^ Sengupta 2006.
28. ^ Goldstein, David B. (2008). "3".  Jacob's legacy: A genetic view of Jewish history. Yale University
Press. pp.  location 873 (Kindle for PC).  ISBN  978-0-300-12583-2.
29. ^ Siiri Rootsi; Doron M. Behar; Mari Järve; Alice A. Lin; et  al. (2013).  "Phylogenetic applications of
whole Y-chromosome sequences and the Near Eastern origin of Ashkenazi Levites".  Nature
Communications.  4:
2928.  Bibcode:2013NatCo...4.2928R.  doi:10.1038/ncomms3928.  PMC  3905698.  PMID  24346185
.
30. ^ Behar, Doron M.; Saag, Lauri; Karmin, Monika; Gover, Meir G.; Wexler, Jeffrey D.; Sanchez, Luisa
Fernanda; Greenspan, Elliott; Kushniarevich, Alena; Davydenko, Oleg; Sahakyan, Hovhannes;
Yepiskoposyan, Levon; Boattini, Alessio; Sarno, Stefania; Pagani, Luca; Carmi, Shai; Tzur, Shay;
Metspalu, Ene; Bormans, Concetta; Skorecki, Karl; Metspalu, Mait; Rootsi, Siiri; Villems, Richard
(2017).  "The genetic variation in the R1a clade among the Ashkenazi Levites' y
chromosome".  Scientific Reports.  7  (1):
14969.  Bibcode:2017NatSR...714969B.  doi:10.1038/s41598-017-14761-7.  PMC  5668307.  PMID 
29097670.
 31. ^ Some examples of having the title HaLevi, but not in their last name are: Baruch Epstein, Yisroel
Belsky, Abraham Fraenkel, Shmuel Wosner, Meir Abulafia, Samuel ibn Naghrillah, Yehuda
Ashlag, Yitzchok Zev Soloveitchik, Pinchas Horowitz, Hillel Paritcher, The Chozeh (seer) of
Lublin, Shmuel Schecter, Joseph Weiler, Yom-Tov Lipman Heller, Abraham ibn Daud, Salomon ibn
Parhon, Shlomo Wahrman, Salomon Alkabetz, Issachar Berend Lehmann, Avraham
Bromberg, Max Letteris, Joseph ibn Migash, Yechezkel Landau, Jacob Moelin, Luis de
Torres, Chaim Herzog, Avraham Gombiner
32. ^ the child of a Bat Levi has no Levi status
33. ^ Jump up to:       "What's in a name?". 18 October 2014.
a b c

34. ^ "Levi not only has variations like Lewita (Polish) and Loewe (German/Swiss), but also Segal and
Zemmel. They sound nothing like the original name, and that’s because they’re acronyms in the
Hebrew alphabet – a great way to hide your Jewish heritage while keeping true to the family
identity. Segal stands for “SeGan Leviyyah”, which is roughly translated as “deputy Levite”, since
Levites served as deputies to kohanim. Segal itself has variations too, like Chagall (French).
35. ^ "Don Judah de la Cavalleria Ha Levi (Benveniste "Cavalier") (c.1227 - 1286)".
36. ^ "BENVENISTE".  JewishEncyclopedia.com.  Joseph ben Ephraim ha-Levi Benveniste
37. ^ PBS Show Finding Your Roots broadcast February 2, 2016
38. ^ "Chaim Herzog".  The son of the Chief Rabbi of Ireland, Rabbi Isaac Halevi Herzog
39. ^ PBS Show Finding Your Roots broadcast January 26, 2016
40. ^ Jump up to:     Bradman et al. 1999.
a b

41. ^ Sean Ireton (2003).  "The Samaritans - A Jewish Sect in Israel: Strategies for Survival of an Ethno-
religious Minority in the Twenty First Century". Anthrobase. Retrieved  2007-11-29.

Further reading[edit]
 Grena, G. M. (2004). LMLK: A Mystery Belonging to the King Vol. 1. Redondo
Beach, California: 4000 Years of Writing History. ISBN 0-9748786-0-X.

External links[edit]
 Twenty-four places in tanach where the Kohanim are called Levi'im – Kehuna.org
 The Cohen-Levi Family Heritage
 LeviteDNA.org – website on R1a Ashkenazi Levites
hide

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 e
Ark of the Covenant topics

People  Moses

 Kohanim

 High Priest of Israel

 Israelites

 Levites

 Bezalel
  Tribe of Judah

 Oholiab

 Kehath

 Tribe of Levi

 Jeremiah

 Joshua

 Samuel

 Uzzah

 Solomon

 Menelik I

Lid  Mercy seat

 Tablets of Stone

 Ten Commandments

Contents  Manna

 Aaron's rod

 Cherub

 Mount Sinai 
o Biblical Mount Sinai

o Mount Horeb

 Jericho

 Jordan River

 Holy of Holies

 Tabernacle

 Ai

 Shiloh

 Gibeah

Locations  Gilgal

 Eben-Ezer

 Philistia

 Beth Shemesh

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 Church of Our Lady Mary of Zion

 Related  The Sign and the Seal (1992 book)
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 Levites
 Hebrew Bible words and phrases
 Jewish ethnic groups
 Jewish religious occupations
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 This page was last edited on 10 July 2021, at 15:43 (UTC).
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