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Perception 1

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sanyam nayak
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10 views

Perception 1

Uploaded by

sanyam nayak
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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WHAT IS PERCEPTION?

• Perception is a process by which individuals organize and interpret


their sensory impressions in order to give meaning to their
environment.

• Perception includes the five senses; hearing, touch, sight, smell and
taste.
• All of these things help make up our conscious experience and allow
us to interact with the people and objects around us.
(Depends on your culture, belief, environment, etc)

Your perspective influences your perception.


The reality is that depending on where you are, and which
perspective you are looking from, you can have two people staring
at the exact same object and seeing very different things.
The five main
stages of
perception:
Stimulation:

• In order to perceive that something is happening, it must come


to a person's attention. Stimulation can occur through any of the
five senses: smelling, seeing, hearing, touching or tasting.
Organization:

• To quickly spread widely large amounts of information, such


as events happening, a human's brain organizes the events by
familiar components.
• Connecting familiar components with past experiences helps the
person understand what is being uncovered.
Interpretation:

• Once the key components of an event are recognized,


individuals apply their own biases to it through interpretation,
sometimes referred to as evaluation.
• Relating past experiences, beliefs, values and more, a person can
decide what the meaning of the event is and how to react if
necessary.
Memory:

• To remember a perceived event or moment, it must be stored


into memory. Individuals use those previously formed
associations with personal beliefs and experiences to remember
events and their personal evaluations of them.
Recall:

• Remembering the perceived event later on will retrieve the most


important details of it. Blanks may need to be filled in by thinking
through the situation again. Persistent recall improves the
accuracy of this step.
• As we go through our daily lives we perceive all sorts of people and
objects, and we often make sense of these perceptions by using
previous experiences to help filter and organize the information we
take in.

• Sometimes we encounter new or contradictory information that


changes the way we think about a person, group, or object.

• The perceptions that we make of others and that others make of us


affect how we communicate and act.
(Our own
beliefs)
• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tpLLst4-3fw
Time Perception

• Time perception refers to a person’s personal experience of the


passage of time, or the perceived duration of events, which can
differ significantly between different individuals and/or in
different circumstances.
• Although physical time appears to be more or less
objective, psychological time is subjective and potentially
malleable, exemplified by common phrases like “time flies when
you are having fun” and “a watched pot never boils”.
Determining factors of time perception:
• Attention

• Interest

• The more familiar the task, the less new information the brain needs
to process, and the more quickly time seems to pass and vice versa.

• There is increasing evidence that an animal’s metabolic rate affects


the way it perceives time. Smaller animals, conversely, tend to have
faster metabolisms, and experience time as passing relatively slowly,
so that they can perceive more events in the same period. Ex. A fly
avoiding a fly swatter.
Errors in Person Perception:
• Not collecting enough information about other people.
• Basing our judgment on information that is irrelevant or insignificant.
• Seeing what we expect to see and what we want to see, and not
investigating further.
• Make judgment based on early information, despite later and
contradictory information.
• We judge people with our own characteristics.
• Accepting stereotypes uncritically.
• Basing attribution on flimsy and potentially irrelevant evidence.
Avoidance of Such Errors:
• Take more time in judgment about others.
• Collecting and consciously using more information about other
people.
• Prevent stereotyping.
• Avoid the halo effect.
• Avoid discriminations about sex, appearances, and attractiveness.
Change the way you look at things
• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wzP9X5Eclm8

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