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M2L1 - Laws of Exponents

This document discusses the laws of exponents. It begins by having students evaluate exponential expressions like 32 and 24. Then, it introduces six laws of exponents: 1. Power to a Power Law: (an)m = anm 2. Product Law: an • am = an+m 3. Quotient Law: an / am = an-m 4. Zero Exponent Law: a0 = 1 5. Negative Exponent Law: Moves negative exponents to the denominator or numerator. 6. It provides examples of applying each law and activities for students to practice.

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137 views

M2L1 - Laws of Exponents

This document discusses the laws of exponents. It begins by having students evaluate exponential expressions like 32 and 24. Then, it introduces six laws of exponents: 1. Power to a Power Law: (an)m = anm 2. Product Law: an • am = an+m 3. Quotient Law: an / am = an-m 4. Zero Exponent Law: a0 = 1 5. Negative Exponent Law: Moves negative exponents to the denominator or numerator. 6. It provides examples of applying each law and activities for students to practice.

Uploaded by

dorris09
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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MATH 7

MODULE 2 LESSON 1
LAWS OF EXPONENTS

Pre-requisite Concepts:
The students have mastered the multiplication

Objectives:
1. Define and interpret the meaning of an where n is a positive integer.
2. Understand the Laws of Exponents
3. Illustrate the Laws of Exponents

Find the product of each of the following as fast as you can.


1. 3 x 3 = _____
2. 4 x 4 x 4 = ______
3. 5 x 5 x 5 = ______
4. 2 x 2 x 2 = _______
5. 2 x 2 x 2 x 2 =______

It is important to know that:

3 x 3 = 32
4 x 4 x 4 = 43
5 x 5 x 5 = 53
2 x 2 x 2 = 23
2 x 2 x 2 x 2 = 24

Discovering the Laws of Exponent

A. an = a x a x a x a … (n times)

In an, a is called the base and n is called the exponent.

Exercises
1. Which of the following is/are correct?
a. 42 = 4 x 4 = 16
b. 24 = 2 x 2 x 2 x 2 = 8
c. 25 = 2 x 5 = 10
d. 33 = 3 x 3 x 3 = 27
2. Give the value of each of the following:
a. 23
b. 25
c. 34
d. 106

Things to remember:
 Do not multiply the base and the exponent.
 A “dot” and a “parenthesis” can be used to replace the
symbol of multiplication, especially if x is a variable.
Evaluate the following by applying the first law. Investigate the result and make a simple analysis on it. The first two
are done for you.
1. (23)2 = 23 · 23 = 2·2·2·2·2·2 = 64
2. (x4)3 = x4 · x4 · x4 = x · x · x · x · x · x · x · x · x · x · x · x = x12
3. (32)2 =
4. (22)3 =
5. (a2)5 =

Did you notice something?


What can you conclude about (an)m?
What will you do with a, n and m?

B. (an)m = anm Power Rule (Powers to Powers)


This says that to raise a power to a power you need to multiply the exponents.

What about these?


1. (x100)3 =
2. (y12)5 =

Evaluate the following. Notice that the bases are the same. The first number is done for you.
1. (23)(22) = 2 · 2 · 2 · 2 · 2 = 25 = 32
2. (x5)(x4) =
3. (32)(34) =

Did you notice something?


What can you conclude about an · am?
What will you do with a, n and m?

C. an · am = an+m Product Rule


This says that to multiply two exponents with the same base, you keep the base
and add the powers.

What about these?


1. (x32)(x25)
2. (y59)(y51)

Evaluate each of the following. Notice that the bases are the same. The first number is done for you.
D. Quotient Rule
This says that to divide two exponents with the same base, you keep the
base and subtract the powers. When you subtract the powers put the
answer in the numerator or denominator depending on where the higher
power was located. If the higher power is in the denominator, put the
difference in the denominator and vice versa, this will help avoid negative
exponents.

E. a0 = 1 where a ≠ 0 Zero-Exponent Rule


This says that anything raised to the zero power is 1.
What about these?
1. (7,654)0
2. 30 + x0 + (3y)0

F. Law of Negative Exponent


This says that negative exponents in the numerator get moved to the
denominator and become positive exponents. Negative exponents in the
denominator get moved to the numerator and become positive
exponents. Only move the negative exponents.

Examples:

1.

2.

3.
ACTIVITIES
A. Evaluate each of the following.
1. 28
2. 82
3. 5-1
4. 3-2
5. 180
6. (23)3
7. (24)(23)
8. (32)(23)
9. X0+3-1-22
10. [22-33+44]0
B. Simplify each of the following
1. (x10)(x12)
2. (y-3)(y8)
3. (m15)3
4. (d-3)2
5. (a-4)-4
6. z23/z15
7. b8/b12
8. c3/c-2
9. x7y10/x3y5
10. a8b2c0/a5b5

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