COM

MU
NICA
TION
2 newcastleidiomas.com.br Communication Book - Newcastle Language School
TABLE OF
CONTENTS
1. TO BE 7
2. VERBS 15
3. AUXILIARY VERBS 23
4. NUMBERS 31
5. THERE (TO BE) 39
6. COMPARATIVE AND SUPERLATIVE 47
7. PROGRESSIVE (ING) 55
8. PRONOUNS 63
9. INFORMATION QUESTIONS 71
10. CAN, MAY AND MIGHT 79
11. SHOULD, COULD AND WOULD. 87
12. MUST, NEED TO, HAVE TO 95
13. PREPOSITIONS 103
14. INDEFINITE PRONOUNS 111
15. CONDITIONALS 119
16. PRESENT PERFECT 127
EXTRA 135
4 newcastleidiomas.com.br Communication Book - Newcastle Language School
 10 STEPS TO
LEARN ENGLISH
Define your goals!

1 Question yourself why do you want to learn English? Do you need help at school, business
or something else? Remember your reasons when you’re struggling or thinking about
quitting.

Do not be afraid of making mistakes

2 The best way to learn English is by losing your shame and the fear to be wrong; we’re all
human and make mistakes. Don’t think about a mistake as a step back but as part of the
process of learning.

Repetition with intensity

3 Repetition means doing something again and again and again. Maybe this is the bad news
or the good news, but the truth is that to learn English, to learn any language, to learn any
skill, to be at anything you have to do a lot of repetition.

Speak to other English speakers

4 The best way to practice what you have learned is by talking in English to an English
speaker.

Submerge yourself with English

5 Surround yourself with English. Read English books, English website’s, listen to it BBC
online, watch it and try to speak English with others.

Pronunciation

6 Try and talk like a native English does or closely as you can. When you sound like a native
speaker, you’ll have a better chance of being understood.

Use what you know

7 Even though you might know very little English, you can use what you already know. You
are able to have a brief conversation using just a few words. The important thing is to
ALWAYS try to speak.

Don’t get stuck

8 If you don’t know a certain word, try using different words to explain what you mean.

Speed it up

9 Get used to listening to the language at normal speed. It will seem fast first, but the more
you know, the more it will sound normal.

Most important have fun!

10 Learning the English language should and can be fun. When you start having conversations
with people in English you will have an incredible sense of satisfaction.

5
6 newcastleidiomas.com.br Communication Book - Newcastle Language School
UNIT ONE

TO BE
interrogative pronouns simple present simple past simple future

am, was, will (be) I am (not) was (not) will be / won’t be

are, were, will (be) You are (not) were (not) will be / won’t be

is, was, will (be) He is (not) was (not) will be / won’t be

is, was, will (be) She is (not) was (not) will be / won’t be
is, was, will (be) It is (not) was (not) will be / won’t be
are, were, will (be) We are (not) were (not) will be / won’t be
are, were, will (be) You are (not) were (not) will be / won’t be
are, were, will (be) They are (not) were (not) will be / won’t be

Are you a woman? No, I am not I am a man

Are you a boy? No, I am not I am a girl

Is he a bad person? No, he is not He is a good person

Are you men? No, we are not We are women
Was it good? No, it was not It was bad
Will you be at work? No, I won’t be there I will be home

I - YOU- HE - SHE - IT - WE - YOU - THEY

simple past I - HE - SHE - IT (wasn’t) YOU - WE - YOU - THEY (weren’t)

simple present I’m - HE - SHE - IT (isn’t) YOU - WE - YOU - THEY (aren’t)

simple future I - YOU - HE - SHE - IT - WE - YOU - THEY (will be / won’t be)

articles a - an - the
prepositions in - at - on - to - of - from Você pode digitalizar
conjunctions and - but - so - as - because - or- if o código ao lado e
assistir a aula dessa
answers yes - no - yes, please - no, thanks - not (negative) unidade no seu
celular
adjectives red book - red books - red chair - red chairs
plural women - men - people (are)

7
 VOCABULARY BUILD UP

accountant teacher happy sad

assistant clerk calm angry

lawyer agent peaceful anxious

doctor freelancer excited bored

manager programmer energetic tired

technician designer good bad

nurse pharmacist great awful

student consultant loving hateful

saleswoman chef confident insecure

salesman engineer polite unpolite

tense affirmative negative interrogative

simple past p + to be + ... p + to be (not) + ... to be + p + ...
simple present p + to be + ... p + to be (not) + ... to be + p + ...
simple future p + to be + ... p + to be (not) + ... to be + p + ...

PRONUNCIATION
A /ei/ B /bi/ C /ci/ D /di/ E /i/ F /éf/

G /dji/ H /eitch/ I /ai/ J /djei/ K /kei L /el/

M /em/ N /en/ O /ou/ P /pi/ Q /quiu/ R /ar/

S /es/ T /ti/ U /iu/ V /vi/ W /dãbliu/ X /ecs/

Y /uai/ Z /zi/

PAIR WORK
Together, introduce yourselves and start a
conversation.

8 newcastleidiomas.com.br Communication Book - Newcastle Language School

 black white red orange yellow green blue purple pink brown

MY DIARY
Fill the blanks and present it to the class. Professions
Hi! Pilot - Soldier - Postman - Secretary
I am _____________ Flight attendant - Security officer - Artist
I am _____________ years old Waiter - Actor - Electrician - Gardener - Musician
I am a ____________ Policeman - Fireman - Cleaner - Cook - Server
I am also a ____________ Cashier - Driver - Plumber - Carpenter
I am not a _____________ Apprentice- Locksmith - Manicurist - Barber
I am also not a _______________ Dentist - Vet - Scientist - Butcher - Analyst
I was a ______ when I was a child Trainee - Athlete - Postman - Geographer
I was also a _____ when I was a child Biologist - Barman - Player - Architect - Priest
I also wasn’t a __________ when I was a child Builder - Insurance broker - Digital Influencer
I also wasn’t a ______________when I was a Hairdresser - Photographer - Retired - Geologist
child Miner - Historian - Philosopher - Nutritionist
I will be a________________ Singer
I will be _________________
I won’t be a _____________
I won’t be _______________
I’m _____________(adjective)
I’m _____________ (adjective)
I’m not _____________ (adjective)
I’m not _____________ (adjective)
I know a _______________
I don’t know a _____________

HOBBIES ARE GREAT!

Having a hobby helps your life in many ways. It is a good
way to spend your time. They are fun and help your
concentration. It is also a good way to balance and organize
your daily routine. They make you feel less
stressed because they distract you from your
daily tasks. You also learn new skills. Some
people say hobbies aren’t serious but many
people make money off it, like stamp collectors.

What about you? Are you a collector?

9
 READING COMPREHENSION

1. Why is the verb “to spend” used on the text?

2. When do you usually feel stressed?
3. Do you have any manual skills? (like playing the guitar)
4. What is the difference between less and more?
5. What is the meaning of “make money”?

IN DEBATE
Choose one of the topics below and debate it with your
classmates.
• Hobbies: business or pleasure?
• Hobbies as a stress relief.
• Is it too expensive to keep a hobby?
• Do hobbies help you meeting new people?
• Do hobbies take too much time of your daily routine?
• How do hobbies help learning new skills?

FILL THE BLANKS

Choose one of the topics below and debate it with your
classmates.
_____________ want their children to be well-rounded but
the _____________ that every parent ____________ is
that 7 year-olds would rather watch any video on YouTube
than _____________ how to play the violin. So, how do
these ____________ parents get their children to be more
active?

WORK YOUR LISTENING

Watch the video Hobbies and answer the following
questions:
1. What is the meaning of “well-rounded”?
2. What is the meaning of “7 year-olds”?
3. What is the difference between “child” and “children”?
4. What is the meaning of the word “rather”?
5. What is the meaning of the word “concerning”?

10 newcastleidiomas.com.br Communication Book - Newcastle Language School

 WORK YOUR VOCABULARY
Watch the video Hobbies and debate the use of the words below:

verb adverb (positive) adverb (negative)

to force forceful Forceless
to help helpful Helpless
to care careful Careless
to enjoy joyful joyless

LET’S DEBATE IT
Debate about it with your classmates:
1. Should parents force children to do many activities?
2. Should parents help children choosing hobbies?
3. Should parents interfere in their childrens’ free time?
4. Are children happy with many things to do?
5. What is most important: skill or fun?

Debates must last longer than 5 minutes.

STORYTELLING
Tell everyone a hobby you had when you were a child. After you are done ask them
to do the same.

11
 WORK YOUR SPEAKING

How important are hobbies to children?

How important it is for a child to stay away from the
computer?
Is practicing sport considered a hobby?

BUSINESS DEAL
Let’s role play. Work in pairs.

A: Pretend you are a collector. You want to buy a very rare

item.
B: Pretend you are selling a rare item.
Negotiate and come to terms.

CARDINAL NUMBERS
1 one 2 two 3 three 4 four 5 five 6 six

7 seven 8 eight 9 nine 10 ten 11 eleven 12 twelve

13 thirteen 14 fourteen 15 fifteen 16 sixteen 17 seventeen 18 eighteen

19 nineteen 20 twenty 30 thirty 40 forty 50 fifty 60 sixty

100.000
1000 1.000.000
70 seventy 80 eighty 90 ninety one hundred
one thousand one million
thousand

ORDINAL NUMBERS

1st 2nd 3rd 4th 5th 6th

first second third fourth fifth sixth

7th 8th 9th 10th 11th 12th

seventh eighth ninth tenth eleventh twelfth

22nd
13th 14th 15th 20th 21st
Twenty-
thirteenth fourteenth fifteenth twentieth twenty-first
second

12 newcastleidiomas.com.br Communication Book - Newcastle Language School

 WORK YOUR INTERVIEW SKILLS
Work in pairs. Use one of these topics to ask questions to a
classmate.
How much money would you spend in a single card or
stamp?
How far would you go to have an item that you dream of?
What are the most common hobbies?

DESCRIBE

Describe one hobby you had as a child that helped you

learn new skills.
Ask your classmates to do the same.

WORK YOUR READING

Spending quality time with yourself is very important. You

can do this by having a hobby or by having a lot of free time
activities. They are healthy when teaching you skills and
new lessons. Having a diary is something that keeps you
busy while improving your creativity. This is valuable when
applying for jobs. Some companies want to hire people with
a different set of skills and ways of thinking.

WORK YOUR CONVERSATION

Ask your classmates:
Which set of skills would you like to improve in your life?
Do you consider learning english a hobby?
How do you organize your schedule?

13
 REVIEW

Collecting - Painting - Gaming - Traveling - Fishing - Reading - Crafting

Collecting - Bird watching - Landscape watching - Gardening - Cooking
Walking - Shopping - Golfing - Relaxing - Socializing - Exercising
Hobbies and
Entertaining - Sewing - Eating out - Working on cars - Biking
free time
Boating - Swimming - Watching sports - Hiking - Cosplaying - Dancing - Petting
activities
Volunteering - Writing - Watching netflix - Playing an instrument - Listening
to music - Going out with friends - Walking the dog - Camping - Hanging out
Sunbathing - Running - Billiards - Board gaming - Talking

to wake up - to get up - to wash - to brush - to shower

My routine: to dress - to eat - to work - to study - to leave - to go - to drive - to relax
to socialize - to talk - to call - to text - to drink - to do - to cook - to sleep

to learn, to help, to teach, to improve, to force, to care, to write, to play, to read,

Related verbs
to collect, to negotiate, to color, to buy, to trade.

14 newcastleidiomas.com.br Communication Book - Newcastle Language School

UNIT TWO

VERBS
VERBS ARE WORDS THAT SHOW AN ACTION/MOTION, OCCURRENCE OR
STATE OF EXISTENCE.
BASE FORM (1st) SIMPLE PAST (2nd) PAST PARTICIPLE (3rd)
Used with to or without to and Used for the past simple ( We Participle is what usually
for the Present Simple. - Except brought candies to the party. defines a completed action.
the third person singular.Add +s ‘irregular’ - We wished for a The past participle is a form
in general cases. Add +es when better. world ‘regular’) of the verb but not a tense.
the verb ends in s, z, x, sh, ch, or It cannot be used alone as a
the vowel o. Add +ies when the verb. ( It is done.)
verb ends in y. Irregular verbs
have rules of their own. Don’t
conjugate modal verbs.

REGULAR VERBS IRREGULAR VERBS

Done in conformity with prescribed rules of Not having a pattern that we recognize or can
grammar. predict.
Regular verbs add +ed to the base form in order Not following the usual rules of grammar.
to indicate the simple past form or past participle Irregular verbs can be split into groups.
form..

I love you.She loves him. He loved her. I have a black hoodie.He has a nice suit. She had
ripped jeans.

I - YOU- HE - SHE - IT - WE - YOU - THEY

simple past I - HE - SHE - IT (wasn’t) YOU - WE - YOU - THEY (weren’t)

simple present I’m - HE - SHE - IT (isn’t) YOU - WE - YOU - THEY (aren’t)

simple future I - YOU - HE - SHE - IT - WE - YOU - THEY (will be / won’t be)

quantifiers many - much - some - few Você pode digitalizar

prepositions in - at - on (prepositions of time) o código ao lado e
assistir a aula dessa
conjunctions and - but - so - as - because - or unidade no seu
celular
answers sure - not really - not much

15
 VOCABULARY BUILD UP

to love friend to be awesome

to work job to have breakfast

to study school to eat pasta

to watch series to drink beer

to play game to sleep dream

to want money to go party

to need care to become rich

to walk park to begin career

to talk conversation to build house

to finish report to buy things

tense affirmative 3rd person

simple past p + verb + ... He/She/It + verb + s/es/ies
simple present p + verb + ... He/She/It + verb + s/es/ies
simple future p + verb + ... He/She/It + verb + s/es/ies

PRONUNCIATION
the different vowel sounds
A: hat /æ/ arm /a/ saw /ɔː/ bake /eɪ/
E: ten /e/, see /iː/
I: sit /ɪ/ five /aɪ/
O: go /əʊ/ got /ɒ/ too /uː/
U: usual /‘ju/ cup /ʌ/ fur /ɜː/ pure /jʊə/ put /ʊ/

MONTHS
january - february - march - april - may - june - july - august
september - october - november - december
merry christmas and a happy new year! - happy holidays
I was born in _______________________

PAIR WORK
Together, talk about your routine.

16 newcastleidiomas.com.br Communication Book - Newcastle Language School

 MY DIARY
Fill the blanks and present it to the class.
Greetings: Hi! Hello! Hey! Good morning, afternoon, evening, night.
I live in _____________ I am _____________
I work at _____________ I have _____________
I study _____________ I eat _____________
I love watching _____________ I drink _____________
I play _____________ I sleep _____________
I want a _____________ I go to the _____________
I need to _____________ I become _____________
I walk _____________ I begin _____________
I talk to _____________ I build _____________
I finish _____________ I buy _____________
Farewell: bye, bye-bye, goodbye, see you later, good night, see ya’!

family mother - father - son - daughter - brother - sister - friend.

days yesterday - today - tomorrow - weekday - weekend - next/last week

KIDS LOVE SPORTS

When we are kids we use sports as a way of making new
friends and exercising. It guarantees a healthy lifestyle and
a better development. When you practice a sport you get
the chance of being good at something while having fun
at the same time. Sports build character, teaches discipline
and teamwork. Children learn the importance of competition
as well as the importance of new beginnings.
Losing is part of the game. This shows us core
life lessons which help us becoming better
adults.

What about you? What sport did you play as a

child?

17
 READING COMPREHENSION

1. Why is the verb “to make” used on the text?

2. When do you usually practice sports?
3. Do you have a sports idol?
4. What is the difference between child and children?
5. Why the +s at the end of the verb “to guarantee”?

IN DEBATE
Choose one of the topics below and debate it with your
classmates.
• Sports as learning tools.
• Teamwork and social development.
• Sports help bring people together.
• Are e-sports real sports?
• How do sports teach us about living among different
people?
• The importance of summer paralympic games.

FILL THE BLANKS

Choose one of the topics below and debate it with your
classmates.
The victory of the ___________ over the favored team. The
last minute penalty ____________ that wins the tournament.
The high-energy training montages. Many people love to
___________ victory on the playing field, cheer for favorite
teams, and play sports. But here’s a question: Should we be
so ___________ with sports?
Is playing sports actually as good for us as we make it out to be, or just a
___________ and entertaining pastime?

1. What it the meaning of victory to you?

2. What is a tournament?
3. What is the difference between a league and a championship?

WORK YOUR LISTENING

Watch the video again and answer the following questions:
1. How important is to practice sports?
2. Do you believe practicing may increase lifespan?
3. How can sports affect society?

18 newcastleidiomas.com.br Communication Book - Newcastle Language School

 WORK YOUR VOCABULARY
Watch the video again and debate the use of the words below:

pastime stroke sharpen

benefits strengthening mood

LET’S DEBATE IT
Debate about it with your classmates:
1. Do you think we should keep practicing sports after we’re
50 years old?
2. Should gyms have a special program for the elderly?
3. How can sports help us to avoid heart diseases?
4. Does sport help avoiding the development of mind
conditions as Alzheimer’s disease?
5. Can sport help older people to integrate?

Debates must last longer than 10 minutes.

STORYTELLING
Have you ever practiced a sport?
Have you ever been part of a team?
Have you participated in a tournament?

1. The other day

2. This was (in 2010)...
3. I was in/at… We were in/at…
4. There was/were…
5. I was on my way to….
6. I was coming back from...

19
 WORK YOUR SPEAKING

With the help of your classmates, tell your teacher step-by-

step of what you have seen on the video. Try detailing it as
much as possible.

BUSINESS DEAL
Let’s role play. Work in pairs.

A: You are a coach, you want to build a school team. You

have to raise funds and to look for sponsors.
B: You are a sporting company. You are a potential sponsor.

Present it to your teacher and classmates.

WORK YOUR INTERVIEW SKILLS

Let’s role play.

Pretend you are a reporter and your friends are famous

athletes. Use the vocabulary below to interview them.

gold medal coach challenge fun

steroids match teammate score
locker room audience training sponsorship
opponent performance career competition
focus gear isolation success

20 newcastleidiomas.com.br Communication Book - Newcastle Language School

 WORK YOUR SPEAKING

With the help of your classmates, tell your teacher step-by-

step of what you have seen on the video. Try detailing it as
much as possible.

DESCRIBE
Sit in pairs.

Find a friend who supports the same team as you do.

Together you have to describe your dream team.

WORK YOUR READING

Exercising can mean many positive things. Every time you

exercise you spend quality time with yourself, your family
and with people you love. Friends get together to play team
sports. Families go out to the park to walk their pets. There
are many kinds of exercises. People might find themselves
playing frisbee or throwing a ball. It is common to see groups
of friends practicing casual rugby, soccer, football, basketball
when in parks. A sunny day is usually a good reason why to
go out and exercise. Are there places you can exercise in your town?

WORK YOUR CONVERSATION

Ask your classmates:
Which sports help you to improve in your life?
Do you consider practicing sports something you need?
How often do you play a game or practice a sport with your friends?

21
 REVIEW

soccer - american football - cricket - boxing - curling - bowling

archery - cricket - boxing - tennis - hockey - skating - surfing - fencing
Sports volleyball - karate - gymnastics - rugby - wrestling - basketball - baseball
softball - badminton - weightlifting - cycling - running - racing - judo - shooting
horse racing - pool - climbing - yoga - muay thai - golf

to swim - to jump - to leap - to throw - to run - to jog - to shoot - to pass

Motion related to drible - to punch - to dodge - to kick - to attack - to tackle - to defend
to sports to glide - to catch - to cheat - to win - to lose - to score - to tie - to sprint
to play - to compete - to overcome

22 newcastleidiomas.com.br Communication Book - Newcastle Language School

UNIT THREE

AUXILIARY VERBS
The verb to do when used as an auxiliary verb expresses different tenses of the main verbs. It is
used before all main verbs except for be, can, may, might, in questions and negative statements. It
can also be used as a main verb, expressing the performing of an action.

FRIENDLY REMINDER: He - She - It

In third person of singular we add s - es - ies to the main verb.

MAIN VERB AUXILIARY VERB

They didn’t go to school yesterday

They did a good job.
Did they go to school?
We didn’t do it.
Did you do it?
Do you go to school?
I don’t like playing soccer.
Do you do your homework?
Does she work on sundays?
Does she do her own grocery?
She doesn’t work on sundays.
Will you do it for me?
I won’t go to the party. (not using to do)
She won’t do that.
I will go to the party (not using to do)

In future tense we use will as an auxiliary instead of to do. It turns won’t in its negative form.

I - YOU- HE - SHE - IT - WE - YOU - THEY

simple past I - he - she - it (wasn’t) you - we - you - they (weren’t)

simple present I’m - he - she - it (isn’t) you - we - you - they (aren’t)

simple future I - you - he - she - it - we - you - they (will be / won’t be)

affirmative I am - you are - he/she/it is - we are - you are - they are
I’m not - you aren’t - he/she/it isn’t - we aren’t - you aren’t
negative
they aren’t
interrogative am I - are you - is he/she/it - are we - are you - are they

short answers yes, I do - no, I don’t Você pode digitalizar

prepositions in - at - on (prepositions of place) o código ao lado e
assistir a aula dessa
conjunctions every - some - any - no - none unidade no seu
celular
english tip to do x to make
I like it... very much - a lot - a little - a bit

23
 VOCABULARY BUILD UP

to listen music to present podcast

to tune radio to feel emotions

to watch movies to inspire audience

to dance performance to show masterpiece

to attend concert to appreciate grafitti

to play gig to abstract painting

to audition theater to perform street artist

to craft pottery to juggle malabar

to draw landscape to mimic clown

to read literature to shoot film

tense affirmative negative Interrogative

simple past p + verb + ... p + did + not +... Did + p +...
simple present p + verb + ... p + do/does + not Do/does + p +...
simple future p + verb + ... p + will + not +... Will + p +...

PRONUNCIATION
the different vowel sounds
any /’eni/ - ago / ə’gəʊ/ (a)
home /həʊm/ - now /naʊ/ - join /dʒɔɪn/ (o,ow,oi)
near /nɪə(r)/ - hair /heə(r)/ (ea,ai)
happy /’hæpi/ - free /friː/ - cookie /’kʊki/ (y,ee,ie)
seat /siːt/ - sit /sɪt/ (ea,i)

PAIR WORK
Together, talk about the things you like
doing and the things you don’t like doing.

24 newcastleidiomas.com.br Communication Book - Newcastle Language School

 MY DIARY
Fill the blanks and present it to the class.
Greetings: Hi! Hello! Hey! Good morning, afternoon, evening, night.

I do _____________ I make _____________

I don’t _____________ I don’t make _____________
I don’t do _____________ I made _____________
I didn’t____________ I didn’t make _____________
I will ____________ I will make _____________
I won’t _____________ I won’t make _____________

to do (main verb): action or activity in general. a to make: product, craft, creation, handmade. a
test, a course, homework, an exercise. mistake, a cake, friends, a call, made in…

CULTURE
Understanding society requires understanding its culture. A
place’s culture is related to its history and languages. Some
say it is a combination of traditional values, beliefs and the
way of life of a group of people. It’s part of our collective
memory. When we learn english we are also learning a
whole new culture. We become more evolved people when
we figure out the world we live in. It’s a point of
no return. From the moment you realize how the
world actually is, you are free to explore new
horizons.

What is culture? How do we define it?

25
 READING COMPREHENSION

1. What is the meaning of “figure out”?

2. What is the meaning of “realize”?
3. What is a “point of no return”?
4. What is the difference between culture and society?
5. What is the meaning of “actually”?

IN DEBATE
Choose one of the topics below and debate it with your
classmates.
• What kind of music defines your country nowadays?
• What are the forms of culture?
• Museums: investments or waste of money?
• What are the differences from modern to past artists?
• Why do we look down to our own culture?
• Does culture represent your country?

FILL THE BLANKS

Watch the video What is culture? and complete the blanks
below.
When I ask people in Hamilton what is ___________ I get a
lot of different answers but what is it really? What is its value?
and why ___________ it matter? So, where to start? I live
in this city, it has roads, clean water, ___________, police
stations, hospitals, schools but every city has these. What
makes Hamilton ___________? Well, this could be where
culture comes in. Let’s see, festivals and events, a thriving art scene, stories and
customers, a sense of ___________, cool architecture, creative talent, public art
and even outdoor places like parks farms and ___________.

1. What is the importance of culture in a city?

2. Is culture thriving in your hometown?

WORK YOUR LISTENING

Watch the video again and answer the following questions:
1. What is the importance of music in your life?
2. How does culture and identity relate to each other?
3. If we take away culture then what do we have left?

26 newcastleidiomas.com.br Communication Book - Newcastle Language School

 WORK YOUR VOCABULARY
Watch the video What is culture? and debate the use of the words below:

value stations story/history

matter customers outdoor/indoor

LET’S DEBATE IT
Debate about it with your classmates:
1. Do you think graffiti is a form of art?
2. Is it important to have art classes in school?
3. Should we learn about other countries’ cultures?
4. Does culture affect people’s behaviour?
5. Can we consume culture?

Debates must last longer than 10 minutes.

STORYTELLING
Have you ever been to an art gallery or a museum? Use the
structures below to tell your classmates about it.
• Notice: If you haven’t been to an art gallery or a museum,
tell your classmates how you believe you would feel in those
places.

1. The other day

2. This was (in 2014)...
3. I was in/at… We were at…
4. There was/were…
5. I was on my way to….
6. I was coming back from...

27
 WORK YOUR SPEAKING

With the help of your classmates, tell your teacher step-by-

step of what you have seen on the video. Try detailing it as
much as possible.

BUSINESS DEAL
Let’s role play. Work in pairs.

A: You are going to start a nongovernmental organization

(NGO) which is focused on helping your hometown artists.

B: You are an artist trying to make it. You want to sign a

deal.

Negotiate and present it to your teacher and classmates.

WORK YOUR INTERVIEW SKILLS

Let’s role play.

Pretend you are a reporter, use the vocabulary below to ask

your friends questions about culture.

tattoo illustration folklore brush

ink magic shape award
exposition anthropology texture prize
carving superstition hue singer
vocal blockbuster recital choral

28 newcastleidiomas.com.br Communication Book - Newcastle Language School

 DESCRIBE
1. Sit in pairs.
You are going to describe an artist you love and your friend
is going to have to guess who this person is.

2. Let’s role play

You and your friend are famous celebrities. You are going to
collaborate in a project. What project is it going to be?

WORK YOUR READING

Listening to music, attending concerts, buying traditional

products, watching a movie, those are all activities related to
culture. While it is very important to know more about your
country and its culture, it is also a delight to discover things
you like all over the world. What do you know about other
countries? What about their food? Do you think cooking is a
form of art?

WORK YOUR CONVERSATION

Ask your classmates:
Can we consider a global culture?
Do you think there are better cultures than others?
Do you consider internet culture?

29
 REVIEW

design - modern - antique - vintage - painting - drawing - ceramics

sculpture - film-making - painting - crafts - architecture - video - music
Culture
opera - theater - musical - play - art gallery - canvas - portrait - fresco
books - novel - message - cartoon - texture - geometry - soul - heart

to create - to inspire - to craft - to be - to play - to perform - to abstract

Related verbs to transform - to transcend - to feel - to experience - to listen - to move
to thrill - to desire - to appreciate - to enjoy - to paint - to collect

30 newcastleidiomas.com.br Communication Book - Newcastle Language School

UNIT FOUR

NUMBERS
cardinal ordinal year (in) days (on)

1 1th 1546 yesterday

31 2nd 1674 monday

431 3rd 1787 tuesday

5431 4th 1880 wednesday

65431 5th 1987 thursday

7654321 6th 1999 friday

87654321 7th 2000 saturday

987654321 8th 2019 sunday

1098765432 9th 2054 tomorrow

I - YOU- HE - SHE - IT - WE - YOU - THEY

simple past I - he - she - it (wasn’t) you - we - you - they (weren’t)

simple present I’m - he - she - it (isn’t) you - we - you - they (aren’t)

simple future I - you - he - she - it - we - you - they (will be / won’t be)

affirmative I am - you are - he/she/it is - we are - you are - they are
I’m not - you aren’t - he/she/it isn’t - we aren’t - you aren’t
negative
they aren’t
interrogative am I - are you - is he/she/it - are we - are you - are they

prepositions in - at - on - (prepositions of time)

prepositions along - across
plural life - lives - self - selves
expressions what’s the matter? - no way! Você pode digitalizar
o código ao lado e
phrasal verbs cheer up - work out - grow up assistir a aula dessa
unidade no seu
contractions he’s - she’s - it’s celular

time last week - next week - two weeks ago

time weekday - weekend

31
 VOCABULARY BUILD UP

to be mother pet movies

to do father thing profession

to have brother tv show house

to ask sister doll car

To love cousin fruit smartphone

to want friend pen clothes

to help girlfriend problem picture

to teach boyfriend question craft

to learn coworker answer toy

to see people book game

negative interrogative affirmative

p + have (not) + number + thing did + p + have + number + thing p + had + number + thing
do/does + p + have + number + p + have/has + number +
p + have (not) + number + thing
thing thing
p + will have + number +
p + have (not) + number + thing will + p + have + number + thing
thing

PRONUNCIATION
/tʃ/ - /ʃ/
cheese - she
choke - show
chain - shame
cheap - sheep
check - shack
guitar - acoustic guitar - drums - bass - keyboard - voice - piano - harmonica
accordion - cello - violin - flute - snare drum - harp - clarinet - sitar - balalaika
beverages
banjo - trumpet - double bass - triangle - french horn - bongo drums
tambourine.

PAIR WORK
Together, talk about moods.

32 newcastleidiomas.com.br Communication Book - Newcastle Language School

 MY DIARY
Fill the blanks and present it to the class.
I have _____________ (number+thing)
I have _____________ (number+thing) stuff I found in my attic: toys - photos - baseball
I have _____________ (number+thing) cards - packages - old things - bugs - boxes
I have _____________ (number+thing) paintings - collections - camera - old tv set
I have _____________ (number+thing) a very old computer - a fishing rod - a costume
There are _____________ in my city clothes - a chest with coins - board games
There are _____________ in my city a washing machine - two bottles of wine
There are _____________ in my city a trophy - 8 medals - a slice of pizza (yuck!)
There are _____________ in my city some vinyls - cds and dvds
There are _____________ in my city

MY CALENDAR

M T W T F S S

ON
days of the
monday - tuesday - wednesday - thursday - friday - saturday - sunday
week
holiday - day-off
IN
months of
January - February - March - April - May - June
the year
July - August - September - October - November - December
IN
seasons summer - fall - winter - spring - Earth - sunny - cloudy - rainy
snowy - windy, hot, cold, humid.

MYSELF, A DIARY
I woke up very early today. I cooked breakfast myself. I brushed my
teeth and I dressed up. When I was leaving home, I fumbled and
fell down. I found myself lying on the floor. I couldn’t help but laugh.
Sometimes silly things make days a lot brighter. I told myself not to be so
negative about life. Everytime something happens I try
to make the best out of it.
There are days I keep thinking, do I really know
myself? I think so. After working hard I always get
myself a nice dessert or a cold drink. Eventually, I run
into the bakery and help myself with something tasty.
You deserve it, afterall.

33
 READING COMPREHENSION

1. What is the meaning of wake up?

2. What is the meaning of dressed up?
3. What is the meaning of fell down?
4. What it the meaning of best out of it?
5. What is the meaning of tasty?

IN DEBATE
Choose one of the topics below and debate it with your
classmates.
• What are the things you own (goods)?
• What things do you do to spend time with yourself?
• How is your routine like?
• How is your year schedule like?
• How do you celebrate holidays?
• Is there a limit number for things?

FILL THE BLANKS

Watch the video This is why emotions are so important and
complete the blanks below.

Emotions are responsible for our best moments and our

worst ___________. They’re what makes love so good and
heartbreak so bad. Have a few too many ___________, and
reason seems to take the backseat while ___________ grabs
the wheel. This often leads to some of our worst and most
impulsive ___________.

1. Are you an impulsive person? Are you quick to anger?

2. How do you balance your emotions?

34 newcastleidiomas.com.br Communication Book - Newcastle Language School

 WORK YOUR LISTENING
Watch the video again and answer the following questions:
1. Do emotions hold us back?
2. What if we had no emotions?
3. What makes emotions so special?

WORK YOUR VOCABULARY

Watch the video This is why emotions are so important and debate the use of the
words below:

control cool reason

decisions matters options

LET’S DEBATE IT
Debate about it with your classmates:
1. Should we be more rational or emotional?
2. Why does society look down to very emotional people?
3. Do you know any angry or stressed people?
4. How can we help other people to calm down?
5. What do you do yourself to relax?

Debates must last longer than 10 minutes.

STORYTELLING
Have you ever helped someone to calm down? Have you
ever been very angry at someone? Have you ever had an
argument? Use the structures below to tell your classmates
about it.

1. The other day

2. This was (in 2019)...
3. I was in/at… We were in/at…
4. There was/were…
5. I was on my way to….
6. I was coming back from...

35
 WORK YOUR SPEAKING

With the help of your classmates, tell your teacher step-by-

step of what you have seen on the video. Try detailing it as
much as possible.

BUSINESS DEAL
Let’s role play. Work in pairs.

A: You have a store with a number of products.

B: You are a client. You want to know how many products there
are in this shop.
Use numbers and there (to be) during the negotiation.

WORK YOUR INTERVIEW SKILLS

Let’s role play.

Pretend you are a reporter, use the vocabulary below to ask

your friends questions about their feelings.

vacation money plan routine

job house dream belief
family diet english music
friends problems country culture
the arts movies mood schedule

36 newcastleidiomas.com.br Communication Book - Newcastle Language School

 DESCRIBE

1. Sit in pairs.
Describe the things that make you feel better.
Describe the places where you go out to have fun.
Describe people who make you feel good.

WORK YOUR READING

“Don’t worry about a thing “It might seem crazy what I’m
‘Cause every little thing ‘bout to say. Sunshine she’s
gonna be alright here, you can take a break.
Singin’, don’t worry about a I’m a hot air balloon that could
thing go to space. With the air, like I
‘Cause every little thing don’t care baby by the way
gonna be alright.
Huh, because I’m happy, clap
Rise up this morning, smile along if you feel like a room
with the rising sun. Three without a roof. Because I’m
little birds pitch by my happy, clap along if you feel
doorstep like happiness is the truth.
Singin’ sweet songs of Because I’m happy, clap along
melodies pure and true if you know what happiness
Sayin’, this is my message to is to you. Because I’m happy,
you”. clap along if you feel like
Bob Marley, 1977. that’s what you wanna do.”
Pharrell Williams, 2013

WORK YOUR CONVERSATION

Ask your classmates:
Does money bring happiness in life?
What makes you feel very happy?
What puts you in a bad mood?
Do you make other people happy?
Do you make other people feel good when they’re with you?
Do you feel good about yourself?

37
 REVIEW

routine - things you like to do yourself - hobbies - friends - family - activities

Urban life
music - song - jam - tune

to be - to have - to do - to feel - to live - to experience - to believe - to help

Related verbs
to share - to care - to behave - to think - to look - to love

38 newcastleidiomas.com.br Communication Book - Newcastle Language School

UNIT FIVE

THERE TO BE
There to be is used to show that something or someone exists or is in a particular place. It is also
used to talk about something which has happened.

FRIENDLY REMINDER: to be
We have different tenses for to be according to time and subject.

AFFIRMATIVE NEGATIVE INTERROGATIVE

there was there was not was there
Simple past
there were there were not were there

there is there is not is there

Simple present
there are there are not are there

Simple future there will be there will not be will there be

I - YOU- HE - SHE - IT - WE - YOU - THEY

simple past I - you - he - she - it - we - you - they - (did - didn’t have)

simple present he - she - it (does - doesn’t have) I - you - we - you - they (do - don’t have)

simple future I - you - he - she - it - we - you - they (will have - won’t have)
affirmative I am - you are - he/she/it is - we are - you are - they are
I’m not - you aren’t - he/she/it isn’t - we aren’t - you aren’t
negative
they aren’t
interrogative Am I - are you - is he/she/it - are we - are you - are they

prepositions to - for - next - near - close to

pronouns all - most Você pode digitalizar
o código ao lado e
quantifiers (a) little - a lot of assistir a aula dessa
unidade no seu
plural book - books - fish - fishes celular

there’s also a… there are many… - too

39
 VOCABULARY BUILD UP

school ice cream parlor accident storm

church book store robbery joke

college burger joint explosion change

prison park exposition surprise

hospital bank show party

mall airport connection meeting

bakery bus stop sale fight

hotel gas station discussion prediction

pizza shop city hall argument fire

steakhouse butcher scene time

tense affirmative negative Interrogative

simple past there + to be +... there + to be + not +... to be + there +...
simple present there + to be +... there + to be + not +... to be + there +...
simple future there + to be +... there + to be + not +... to be + there +...

PRONUNCIATION
the different consonant sounds
tank /t/ - theory /θ/ - they /ð/ - the /ðə/
grid /g/ - sang /ŋ/
soon /s/ - pleasure /ʒ/ - ship /ʃ/

PAIR WORK
Together, talk about the things you like and
dislike about the internet.

40 newcastleidiomas.com.br Communication Book - Newcastle Language School

 MY DIARY
Fill the blanks and present it to the class.

I like _____________ I don’t like _____________

I like _____________ I don’t like _____________
I like _____________ I don’t like _____________
I really like ____________ I really don’t like _____________
I enjoy ____________ I dislike _____________
I love _____________ I hate _____________

app, profile, account, log in, log out, check send an email, write a report, upload, download,
timelines, post a picture, sign up, comment create worksheets, arrange meetings

THE INTERNET
We live in an ever transforming world. One of the major
advances in modern technology is the internet (or the
possibility of connecting to the whole world in just a
click). Through it we are able to create an entire different
international language. People from all corners of the earth
can communicate to each other on a regular basis. More
than ever english has shown its importance
since everybody uses it for many things.

Do you remember how the world was before the

internet?
Why is English the standard language on the
internet?

41
 READING COMPREHENSION

1. What is the meaning of “standard”?

2. What is the meaning of “major”?
3. What is the meaning of “on a regular basis”?
4. What is the difference between communication and
language?
5. What is the meaning of “everybody”?

IN DEBATE
Choose one of the topics below and debate it with your
classmates.
• Will we stop speaking and just text?
• Can you still have a face-to-face conversation?
• Can we live without the internet?
• What are the next technology inventions?
• Should governments or people have control of the
internet?
• How does english relate to the internet?

FILL THE BLANKS

Watch the video History of the internet and complete the
blanks below.
The internet actually got its start over fifty___________ ago
and computers back then filled up entire rooms. Scientists
and researchers used it for years to___________ during the
Cold War. It was useful because if one___________ went
down the others wouldn’t follow. In 1962 a scientist named
JCR Licklider proposed the idea of a ___________ of
computers that could talk to one another. In 1969 the first-ever message was sent
from one computer to another over the ARPANET.

1. What is the importance of the internet?

2. Is technology shaping society?

WORK YOUR LISTENING

Watch the video again and answer the following questions:
1. What are some ways we can use the internet?
2. Why is the internet connected to California?
3. What can you do that does not rely on using the internet?

42 newcastleidiomas.com.br Communication Book - Newcastle Language School

 WORK YOUR VOCABULARY
Watch the video History of the internet and debate the use of the words below:

network web connection

data base scientists browser

LET’S DEBATE IT
Debate about it with your classmates:
1. Do you think the internet should only be used for
business?
2. Is it important to have the internet free for all?
3. Should you have to be careful about your personal info?
4. Do companies know about us through the internet?
5. Does the internet help the world to be more evolved?

Debates must last longer than 10 minutes.

STORYTELLING
Have you ever used chat rooms? Use the structures below to
tell your classmates about it.

1. The other day

2. This was (in 2019)...
3. I was in/at… We were in/at…
4. There was/were…
5. I was on my way to….
6. I was coming back from...

43
 WORK YOUR SPEAKING

With the help of your classmates, tell your teacher step-by-

step of what you have seen on the video. Try detailing it as
much as possible.

BUSINESS DEAL
Let’s role play. Work in pairs.

A: You are the owner of a technology startup.

B: You represent a big company that is interested in

developing apps.

Negotiate and present it to your teacher and classmates.

WORK YOUR INTERVIEW SKILLS

Let’s role play.

Pretend you are a reporter, use the vocabulary below to ask

your friends questions about the internet.

site gif flow clickbait

platform meme speed ad
link text hub smartphone
video traffic podcast mobile
wireless chat room data trend

44 newcastleidiomas.com.br Communication Book - Newcastle Language School

 DESCRIBE
1. Sit in pairs.
You are going to show a friend the sites, apps or profiles
you use in your everyday life. Talk about it.

2. Let’s role play

Share any songs, pictures, memes, gifs, stickers you have
on your smartphone with a classmate.

WORK YOUR READING

Jessica: I’m going to the party on saturday. Are you going to

be there? There will be a lot of interesting people to meet.
Jason: I’m thinking about it. Can I confirm it tomorrow? Is
there a VIP list?
Jessica: No, there’s not. Don’t worry about it, and yeah, you
can confirm it later.
Jason: Perfect. I will hit you up. I will let you know. See ya’.
Jessica: Alright, Jason. XoXo

WORK YOUR CONVERSATION

Ask your classmates:
Do you type everyday?
Do you think you use the internet too much?
Do you consider important to be offline sometimes?

45
 REVIEW

browser - games - online - offline - open source - community - connection

The Internet
printer - webcam - log - code - program - catfish - social media

to post - to download - to upload - to tag - to text - to type - to take (a selfie)

Related verbs
to share - to log - to sign - to join - to meet - to match

46 newcastleidiomas.com.br Communication Book - Newcastle Language School

UNIT SIX

COMPARATIVE AND
SUPERLATIVE
Comparative is used to describe differences and similarities between two things, such as height,
weight, depth, distance, etc. Superlative describes the attributes of a person or thing compared
to the rest of the members of the referred noun group, they are similar to comparative but they
express the most extreme degree of comparison, and they are only used when talking about
groups of three or more people or things.

FRIENDLY REMINDER: to be
To be is used to show something permanent or temporary about a person, thing or state. It comes
along comparative and superlative.

ADJECTIVES IN BASE, COMPARATIVE AND SUPERLATIVE FORM

wide → wider → widest - fine → finer → finest - cute → cuter → cutest
hot → hotter → hottest - big → bigger → biggest - fat → fatter → fattest
happy → happier → happiest - silly → sillier → silliest
beautiful → more beautiful → most beautiful (usually 6 letters or more)

prepositions before - after - during - while - since - until

Você pode digitalizar
pronouns both - either - neither o código ao lado e
assistir a aula dessa
plural foot - feet - tooth - teeth - child - children unidade no seu
celular
suffixes +ful - +less - +ness - +ship

47
 VOCABULARY BUILD UP

to apply for position to conclude shift

to hire employee to budget freelancer

to fire boss to grow intern

to work job to experience internship

to help coworker to present résumé

to report form to earn wage

to promote manager to plan career

to turn down offer to operate part-time

to accept opportunity to prepare interview

to rebel rights to push overtime

tense affirmative negative Interrogative

p + to be +
p + to be (not) + to be + p + comparative/
simple past comparative/
comparative/superlative superlative
superlative
p + to be +
p + to be (not) + to be + p + comparative/
simple present comparative/
comparative/superlative superlative
superlative
p + to be +
p + to be (not) + to be + p + comparative/
simple future comparative/
comparative/superlative superlative
superlative

PRONUNCIATION
the different consonant sounds
cake /keɪk/ - machine - /məˈʃiːn/ - mechanic - /məˈkænɪk/
rural /ˈrʊərəl/ - horror /ˈhɒrə(r)/ - head /hed/ - red /red/ - hedge /hedʒ/
ship /ʃɪp/ - chip /tʃɪp/ - cheap /tʃiːp/ - sheep /ʃɪːp/

PAIR WORK
Together, talk about your job and career
plans.

48 newcastleidiomas.com.br Communication Book - Newcastle Language School

 MY DIARY
Fill the blanks and present it to the class.
I work as a/an _____________
I don’t like _____________
I work at _____________
I don’t like working _____________
I think working as a/an _____________ is better
I don’t work as _____________
than working as a/an_____________
I am not a _____________
I think working as a/an _____________ is better
My job isn’t _____________
than working as _____________
My job is the _____________
My company is _____________ than
My career is the _____________
_____________
good - better - best far - farther - farthest
bad - worse - worst less - lesser - least
late - later - last many - more - most

MY JOB
We wake up and go to work to make a living. Making money
helps paying the bills. However, is this the only reason to
do so? Researchers and scientists have a different opinion
about the issue. There are many reasons why people work.
According to studies we work because we live in a society
where there is a division of labour. Working helps people
share tasks and develop social connections.
Satisfied workers are engaged by their work
and find it to be a way out of their other life
problems.

Why do we work? What makes a good job?

49
 READING COMPREHENSION

1. What is the meaning of “make a living”?

2. What is the meaning of “issue”?
3. What is the meaning of “according to”?
4. What is the difference between work and job?
5. What is the meaning of “researchers”?

IN DEBATE
Choose one of the topics below and debate it with your
classmates.
• What is the future of companies?
• Should companies offer workers more benefits?
• Can people work in different careers?
• How can companies address environmental issues?
• How can companies help people evolve in their own
careers?
• What is the difference between leadership and authority?

FILL THE BLANKS

Watch the video History of the internet and complete the
blanks below.
We are all busy, all of us have ___________ to do, but hold
on a second, why do people work? Well, the ___________
common answer is that people work for money. They need
money to buy ___________ to buy clothes and to buy gifts
for loved ones, and there are others who work for their family,
but that essentially means they also need the ___________.
But what if they have a pot load of money? What if they are like Steve Jobs? Then
maybe they work ___________ they love their work.

1. Is it possible to work if you dislike your job?

2. How often do you buy gifts for yourself?

WORK YOUR LISTENING

Watch the video again and answer the following questions:
1. What are some ways we can have fun while working?
2. Is there an easy way to make money?
3. Do you feel you’re changing the world when working?

50 newcastleidiomas.com.br Communication Book - Newcastle Language School

 WORK YOUR VOCABULARY
Watch the video History of the internet and debate the use of the words below:

betterment known actually

humanity achievement passion

LET’S DEBATE IT
Debate about it with your classmates:
1. Do you think we should work to help others?
2. How can we support local businesses?
3. Should we use money in futile things?
4. What are the purposes of labour?
5. Do you feel good when you are working?

Debates must last longer than 10 minutes.

STORYTELLING
Have you ever worked in a major company? Use the
structures below to tell your classmates about it.
• Notice: If you haven’t worked yet, tell your classmates how
you believe you would feel in those places.

1. The other day

2. This was (in 2019)...
3. I was in/at… We were in/at…
4. There was/were…
5. I was on my way to….
6. I was coming back from...

51
 WORK YOUR SPEAKING

With the help of your classmates, tell your teacher step-by-

step of what you have seen on the video. Try detailing it as
much as possible.

BUSINESS DEAL
Let’s role play. Work in pairs.

A: You are applying for a job position in a big company.

B: You are the interviewer.

Make the appointment and present it to your teacher and

classmates.

WORK YOUR INTERVIEW SKILLS

Let’s role play.

Pretend you are a reporter, use the vocabulary below to ask

your friends questions about career plans.

promotion management stress rules

bonus workforce burnout training
qualification production leadership privilege
college development departments achieve
goal chance task compete

52 newcastleidiomas.com.br Communication Book - Newcastle Language School

 DESCRIBE
1. Sit in pairs.
Describe your work routine, schedule and deadlines.

2. Let’s role play

Share any good memories, experiences and skills you have
learned in your career

WORK YOUR READING

Dear Michael,

I am writing to ask you if you would be able to give a

presentation at our board meeting on thursday, 7th February.
We have many sketches and blueprints for future projects.
We would like your consultants to help us make it come true.
Could you let me know your availability as soon as possible?

Regards,
Julia Moore,
Regional assistant manager.

WORK YOUR CONVERSATION

Ask your classmates:
How do you communicate to your clients at work?
How often do you have staff meetings or celebrations?
What is the importance of a good communication between coworkers?

53
 REVIEW

profession - trade - application - vacation - day-off - apprentice

outsource - home office - schedule - deadline - company - branch
Job and career headquarters - appointment - call - sales - salesman - saleswoman - represent
function - job description - maternity leave - car allowance - labor - partner
partnership - sponsor - sponsorship - service - work experience

Related verbs to run (a business) - to get (a raise) - to commute

54 newcastleidiomas.com.br Communication Book - Newcastle Language School

UNIT SEVEN

CONTINUOUS
Continuous tense (also called progressive) expresses how a situation unfolds over time, since they
are usually in progression or being made by a short period of time. We use +ing in many different
situations. +ing is also applied in gerund which is used in english as a noun.

DIFFERENT USES OF CONTINUOUS (PROGRESSIVE)

I am speaking with my colleague about our school paper/ I am staying

Present continuous
with my friend until November 13th.

I was wondering what to do for dinner when my neighbour called me to

Past continuous
get some pizza.

Near future
I am meeting with my godmother tomorrow for an afternoon tea.
arrangements

+ing as gerund

I - YOU- HE - SHE - IT - WE - YOU - THEY

simple past I - you - he - she - it - we - you - they - (did - didn’t have)

simple present he - she - it (does - doesn’t have) I - you - we - you - they (do - don’t have)

simple future I - you - he - she - it - we - you - they (will have - won’t have)
affirmative I am - you are - he/she/it is - we are - you are - they are
I’m not - you aren’t - he/she/it isn’t - we aren’t - you aren’t
negative
they aren’t
interrogative Am I - are you - is he/she/it - are we - are you - are they

prepositions with - without - in - out

preposition going to school - church - college - prison Você pode digitalizar
o código ao lado e
places going to the... assistir a aula dessa
unidade no seu
plural leaf - leaves - person - people - stuff - music celular

derivatives music - musical - musician

55
 VOCABULARY BUILD UP

to cook dinner to shower bathroom

to prepare breakfast to organize closet

to stay home to vacuum carpet

to clean house to sweep kitchen

to wash dishes to dust furniture

to relax living room to polish floor

to sleep bed to watch home theater

to light room to charge appliances

to grill barbecue to decorate hall

to swim pool to cover wallpaper

tense affirmative negative Interrogative

simple past p + to be + verb (ing) p + to be (not) + verb (ing) to be + p + verb (ing)

simple present p + to be + verb (ing) p + to be (not) + verb (ing) to be + p + verb (ing)

simple future p + to be + verb (ing) p + to be (not) + verb (ing) to be + p + verb (ing)

PRONUNCIATION
word stress
PHO • TO • GRAPH PHO • TOG • RA • PHY PHO • TO • GRAPH • IC

E • CON • O • MY EC • O • NOM • I • CAL E • CON • O • MIZE

DEM • O • CRAT DE • MOC • RA • CY DE • MO • CRAT • IC

ME • CHAN • IC MECH • AN • ISM ME • CHAN • I • CAL

POL • I • TICS PO • LIT • I • CAL POL • I • TI • CIAN

TA • BLE VE • GE • TA • BLE COM • FOR • TA • BLE

PAIR WORK
Together, talk about your home life and the
things you like to do when you are home.

56 newcastleidiomas.com.br Communication Book - Newcastle Language School

 MY DIARY
Fill the blanks and present it to the class.
I wake up _____________ At night I don’t _____________
I cook _____________ On Sundays I don’t _____________
I have/eat _____________ I don’t live in _____________
I shower _____________ and then... I don’t go out to _____________
I brush my teeth _____________ I don’t _____________
In the mornings I _____________ I don’t _____________
In the afternoons I _____________ I don’t _____________
In the evenings I _____________ I don’t _____________
rooms: attic - cellar - office - guest room - pantry breakfast - lunch - dinner - supper - free
garage - box room time - day-off - coffee break
personal stuff: tooth brush - tooth - paste
appliances: tv set - sofa - stove - microwave
moisturizer - lotion - shaving cream - gel
oven - blender - rugs - lamps - hair dryer - iron
perfume - shaver - nail clipper - blush - make up
alarm - clock - armchair - basket - bed - sweeper
concealer - mascara - lipstick - wipes - tweezers
door - room - fan - wardrobe - toilet - stairs
deodorant - shampoo - hair conditioner - towel
mirror - washing - machine - window - trash bin
underwear - nail polisher - socks - soap
fridge - tools - tap - dorm
wax - razors

HOME LIFE
Spending time at home is something we’re excited about everyday,
aren’t we? When we are at home we can chill, read, listen to the music
we like, enjoy ourselves. There is nothing better than having the
opportunity of spending some time with our family or even receiving
friends over for a small gathering. At home we can be chefs, painters
or even carpenters. We are able to have fun by designing a new decor,
changing colors, tiles and sometimes adding some new
textures to our walls. At home we feel free to be who
we really are.

1. What is your favorite feeling about being home?

2. What is the thing you love the most in your home?

57
 READING COMPREHENSION

1. What is the meaning of “chill”?

2. What is the meaning of “small gathering”?
3. What is the meaning of “decor”?
4. What is the difference between enjoy and like?
5. What is the meaning of “carpenters”?

IN DEBATE
Choose one of the topics below and debate it with your
classmates.
• How important is it to spend time with our relatives?
• Should home appliances be cheaper in our country?
• Should we invest our time in doing things by ourselves?
• Can we improve our lives by having more fun at home?
• Could we consider home office as a healthier lifestyle?
• What is the meaning of comfort to you?

FILL THE BLANKS

Watch the video What if you stopped going outside? and
complete the blanks below.
Let’s be ___________; a lot of us sit inside... all day. Whether
it’s for work or to binge on the ___________ TV series, we
simply aren’t outside very often. But, what would happen if
you stopped going outside all together? 149,600,000 Km
away ___________ is being ejected from the sun, , shooting
across the solar system, through our atmosphere, and if the
timing is right, lending directly on your skin. Feel good, ___________ it?

1. Do you ever think about how bad for your health are your most common habits?
2. Does question yourself help you to improve your lifestyle?

WORK YOUR LISTENING

Watch the video again and answer the following questions:
1. What are some ways you can spend more time outside?
2. Would you consider walking to work or any other place a
healthy change of habits?
3. Do you think about your old self?

58 newcastleidiomas.com.br Communication Book - Newcastle Language School

 WORK YOUR VOCABULARY
Watch the video What if you stopped going outside? and debate the use of the
words below:

chain strength furthermore

interestingly perhaps lounging

LET’S DEBATE IT
Debate about it with your classmates:
1. Do you think we should be more aware of our living
habits?
2. How can we live in harmony between working routine
and healthy habits?
3. Should we help with recycling?
4. What have you been doing to help your neighborhood?
5. Do you feel we have a sense of community ?

Debates must last longer than 10 minutes.

STORYTELLING
Have you ever done a yard sale? Use the structures below to
tell your classmates about it.
• Notice: If you haven’t done a yard sale before, tell your
classmates how would you do it..

1. The other day

2. This was (in 2019)...
3. I was in/at… We were in/at…
4. There was/were…
5. I was on my way to….
6. I was coming back from...

59
 WORK YOUR SPEAKING

With the help of your classmates, tell your teacher step-by-

step of what you have seen on the video. Try detailing it as
much as possible.

BUSINESS DEAL
Let’s role play. Work in pairs.

A: You are looking for a new place (house or apartment).

B: You are a real estate agent.

Negotiate and present it to your teacher and classmates.

WORK YOUR INTERVIEW SKILLS

Let’s role play.

Pretend you are a reporter, use the vocabulary below to ask

your friends questions about housing.

kitchen flat apartment farm

dorm roommate attic ranch
loft rent basement cottage
studio landlord land building
neighbor family sharing backyard

60 newcastleidiomas.com.br Communication Book - Newcastle Language School

 DESCRIBE
1. Sit in pairs.
Describe your house. Describe its rooms, furniture and
appliances.

WORK YOUR READING

Mrs Johnson,

I am very glad we could set a deal. I am moving to the new

house this very week. My family is super excited about
living in the new place. There are many rooms and plenty
of space for the children to play in. There is also a porch
and a nice and comfortable chair where I can sit and spend
all afternoon long. Just like in Mark Twain’s stories. We feel
good about having easygoing neighbors. Living in this neighborhood is like we are
daydreaming. We are packing our stuff and hoping we can move out on friday. We
look forward to meeting your family as well.

Best,
Maria Lopez and family.

WORK YOUR CONVERSATION

Ask your classmates:
Do you know your neighbors? Do you know your neighborhood?
What is the importance of sharing and living with other people?
Do children play on the streets? How was your childhood like?

61
 REVIEW

porch - front yard - door bell - patio - balcony - dining table

Home life and
portraits and paintings - hedge - bookshelf - lamps - library - music room
housing
man cave - costs - income - outcome - expenses - bills - investment

to live - to spend - to invest - to design - to plan - to build - to create

Related verbs
to paint - to rent - to rest - to relax - to move - to sell - to pay - to buy

62 newcastleidiomas.com.br Communication Book - Newcastle Language School

UNIT EIGHT

PRONOUNS
Pronouns are words used instead of a noun or noun phrase. They refer to a noun that has already
been mentioned in a sentence. Pronouns also refer to a noun that doesn’t need to be specific.

PERSONAL OBJECT POSSESSIVE

POSSESSIVE
PRONOUN PRONOUN ADJECTIVE

I me my mine
you you your yours
he him his his
she her her hers
it it its its
we us our ours
you you your yours
they them their theirs
Whose book is it? It is my book. It is mine.
Whose baby is this? This is her baby. This baby is hers.
Whose cars are those? Those cars are our cars. Those cars are ours.
Whose keys are these? These are their keys. These keys are theirs.

I - YOU- HE - SHE - IT - WE - YOU - THEY

simple past I - you - he - she - it - we - you - they - (had - didn’t have)

simple present he - she - it (has - doesn’t have) I - you - we - you - they (have - don’t have)

simple future I - you - he - she - it - we - you - they (will have - won’t have)

Você pode digitalizar

prepositions on - off o código ao lado e
assistir a aula dessa
pronouns this - these - that - those unidade no seu
apostrophes ‘s - s’s - s’ celular

63
 VOCABULARY BUILD UP

to have hair blouse cap

to buy eyes shirt belt

to sell nose jeans tie

to borrow mouth hoodie suit

to lend ears skirt purse

to get arms dress bra

to take legs pajamas underwear

to want elbow shorts sunglasses

to design knee shoes boots

to style organs heels scarf

tense affirmative negative Interrogative

possessive + noun + possessive + noun + (not) verb + possessive
simple past
verb verb +noun?
possessive + noun + possessive + noun + (not) verb + possessive
simple present
verb verb +noun?
possessive + noun + possessive + noun + (not) verb + possessive
simple future
verb verb +noun?

PRONUNCIATION
M summer/m/ - mom/mɒm/

N winner/n/ - sang/ŋ/ - nun/nʌn/

WxL few/fjuː/ - feel/fiːl/ - fill/fɪl/ - fuel/’fjuːəl/

TECH • NIQUE TECH • NI • CAL TECH • NI • CIAN

mother - father - son - daughter - brother - sister - grandfather

grandmother - cousin - aunt - uncle - brother-in-law - sister-in-law
family
mother-in-law - father-in-law - sibling - bride - groom - husband
wife - couple - married - friend - best men

PAIR WORK
Together, talk about your diet and the
things you like to eat and cook.

64 newcastleidiomas.com.br Communication Book - Newcastle Language School

 MY DIARY
Fill the blanks and present it to the class.

I have a _____________
I have a _____________ At night I don’t _____________
I don’t have a _____________ On Sundays I don’t _____________
I don’t have a _____________ I don’t live in _____________
My _____________ is/are _____________ I don’t go out to _____________
My _____________ is/are _____________ I don’t _____________
_____________ is my _____________ I don’t _____________
_____________ is my _____________ I don’t _____________
_____________ isn’t my _____________ I don’t _____________
_____________ isn’t my _____________

fashion: smartphone - watch - necklace

fitness: healthy - diet - salad - fruits - vegetables
earrings - bracelets - hat - makeup - looks
exercises - life choices - energy - endurance
appeal - car - bike - friends - fame - paparazzi
dedication - running - pull ups - row - sit-ups
profile - followers - likes - haircut - aesthetics
push-ups - lunges - squats - dips - jumps
bling - money - fake - page - accessory
stability - stamina - recovery - rehabilitation
adjustment - elegant - etiquette
metabolic - injury - grip - optimism - strength
hand-made - chic

LIFESTYLE
Living a healthy lifestyle impacts directly on your life expectancy,
according to researchers. A person who lives a healthy life not only
practice sports, but eats more vegetables, fruits and cereals, has a
balanced routine, doesn’t drink or smoke and worries as much to their
mental care as to their body care. Living a healthier life
is a challenge to our busy routines, but it is a worthy
adjustment especially because the healthier you are
the best you will experience life.

1. What is a nice lifestyle to you?

2. What do you want for life, peace or success?

65
 READING COMPREHENSION

1. What is the meaning of “healthy”?

2. What is the meaning of “expectancy”?
3. What is the meaning of “smoke”?
4. What is the difference between lifestyle and lifespan?
5. What is the meaning of “worries”?

IN DEBATE
Choose one of the topics below and debate it with your
classmates.
• What is most important, owing things or being happy?
• How do you define a lifestyle?
• Do things we own define who we are?
• How to achieve a balanced routine?
• What is the purpose of working hard?
• What is the meaning of goods to you?

FILL THE BLANKS

Watch the video Would you opt for a life with no pain? and
complete the blanks below.
Imagine if you could plug your brain into a ___________ that
would bring you ultimate ___________ for the rest of your
life. If you were given the choice to sign up for that kind of
existence, would you? That’s the ___________ philosopher
Robert Nozickd.

1. Do you ever think about how bad for your health are your most common habits?
2. Does questioning yourself help you improving your lifestyle?

WORK YOUR LISTENING

Watch the video again and answer the following questions:
1. How to get limitless pleasure?
2. What could possibly dissuade us from choosing a future
of ultimate pleasure?
3. Is ignorance bliss?

66 newcastleidiomas.com.br Communication Book - Newcastle Language School

 WORK YOUR VOCABULARY
Watch the video Would you opt for a life with no pain? and debate the use of the
words below:

thing x stuff brain plug

choice thought blissful

LET’S DEBATE IT
Debate about it with your classmates:
1. How can better habits influence in your general social
behaviour?
2. Do you believe having more culture influences as well in a
better lifestyle?
3. Should you influence your family to change their lifestyle as
well?
4. What is the first thing you will try to change in your lifestyle
after debating about it during this class?
5. Do you feel some of your class friends need to change their lifestyle? Can you
give them some tips?

Debates must last longer than 10 minutes.

STORYTELLING
Have you ever been in a special or V.I.P. event? Use the
structures below to tell your classmates about it.
• Notice: If you haven’t hiked before, tell your classmates
how you think it would be like...

1. The other day

2. This was (in 2019)...
3. I was in/at… We were in/at…
4. There was/were…
5. I was on my way to….
6. I was coming back from...

67
 WORK YOUR SPEAKING

With the help of your classmates, tell your teacher step-by-

step of what you have seen on the video. Try detailing it as
much as possible.

BUSINESS DEAL
Let’s role play. Work in pairs.

A: You are trying to live a healthier life.

B: You are a health coach and you are going to give your friend
advice.

Prepare a list of changes and present it to your teacher and

classmates.

WORK YOUR INTERVIEW SKILLS

Let’s role play.

Pretend you are a reporter, use the vocabulary below to ask

your friends questions about lifestyle.

abstinence impact therapy nutrition

humor safety preserve suitability
jog relaxation intensity posture
establish transformation competition shape
longevity therapeutic optimism outstanding

68 newcastleidiomas.com.br Communication Book - Newcastle Language School

 DESCRIBE
1. Sit in pairs.
How would you describe your clothing style?
What are things celebrities do that you like?
What do you usually wear every day?
What is the perfect outfit for a great celebration?
What is a special reason to celebrate?

WORK YOUR READING

Good afternoon Doctor Eisenberg,

I am writing to you to offer some advice on how to talk to your

patients about their weight and diet. You can start by having
a dialogue about the patient’s weight using his or her BMI
(body mass index). Remember not to be judgmental about the
situation. You have to help. Keep the conversation short and
focus on things like blood sugar level or cholesterol. Be compassionate. Try and
motivate them so they can achieve their goals and have a better life. Last but not
least, be a role model. Studies show that patients listen to advice from those who
are actually healthier.
Sincerely,
Dr. Lindsay Cuddy
Nutritionist.

WORK YOUR CONVERSATION

Ask your classmates:
Are you on a diet? Do you consider yourself a healthier person?
Where can you find healthy food?
Are you fashionable? Do you see any changes in how you dress?

69
 REVIEW

food - diet - meals - exercise - work out - suit up - go out - hang out
Lifestyle hungry - thirsty - full - lunchbox - homemade food - sandwiches - snacks
junk food - sweatshirt - yoga pants - sneakers - photo booth - retail - portfolio

Related verbs to be - to feel - to diet - to fast - to dress - to sew - to taylor

70 newcastleidiomas.com.br Communication Book - Newcastle Language School

UNIT NINE

INFORMATION
QUESTIONS
Information questions are used when we want to solve problems, ask for help or gather information
about something.

QUESTION INFORMATION TO BE TO DO

Who (people) Who are you? Who did this?

What (things) What is that? What do you do?
When (time) When are you here? When do you work?
Where (places) Where is it? Where do you study?
Why (question) Why is it blue? Why do you like him?
How often are you How often do you go
How often (habits)
right? out?
How much does it
How much (prices) How much is it?
cost?
How many types are How many books do
How many (things)
there? you have?
How long (duration) How long is it? How long does it take?

I - YOU- HE - SHE - IT - WE - YOU - THEY

simple past I - you - he - she - it - we - you - they - (did - didn’t have)

simple present he - she - it (does - doesn’t have) I - you - we - you - they (do - don’t have)

simple future I - you - he - she - it - we - you - they (will have - won’t have)
affirmative I am - you are - he/she/it is - we are - you are - they are
I’m not - you aren’t - he/she/it isn’t - we aren’t - you aren’t
negative
they aren’t
interrogative Am I - are you - is he/she/it - are we - are you - are they

prepositions up - down Você pode digitalizar

o código ao lado e
adverbs always - never - sometimes - usually assistir a aula dessa
unidade no seu
short answers yes, please - no, thanks celular
places here - there - far from here

71
 VOCABULARY BUILD UP

to be neighborhood street second

to do city sidewalk minute

to have state road hour

to get country highway day

to take nation way week

to walk people tourism month

to live population picture year

to want citizen park season

to go Brazil bike lane decade

to travel brazilian time century

tense interrogative interrogative

simple past question + to be + noun phrase question + to do + noun phrase

simple present question + to be + noun phrase question + to do + noun phrase

simple future question + to be + noun phrase question + to do + noun phrase

PRONUNCIATION
word stress
PIC • TURE AC • TU • AL • LY

U • SU • AL • LY PLEA • SURE

MU • SIC MU • SI • CAL MU • SI • CIAN

MAN • AGE MAN • AG • ER MAN • AGE • MENT

PAIR WORK
Together, talk about your country and the
things you like about other countries.

72 newcastleidiomas.com.br Communication Book - Newcastle Language School

 MY DIARY
Fill the blanks and present it to the class.

I am a _____________ (country) Who am I?

I was born in _____________ (city) ______________________________________
I live in _____________ (city) What do I do?
I work _____________ times a week ______________________________________
I study _____________ times a month Where do I go out?
I study for _____________ minutes ______________________________________
I watch movies for _____________ When do I have fun?
I have many _____________ ______________________________________
I have much _____________ Why do I like my life?
I want to _____________ ______________________________________

people: brazilian - american - english country: Brazil - United States of America

irish - scotish - canadian - australian - kiwi England - Ireland - Scotland - Canada
indian - chinese Australia - New Zealand - India - China

WORLD CITIZEN
We live in a beautiful world. There are many things to do and
experience. You can travel, eat, drink, laugh, love, experience and live.
All people in the world have the right to be free. We also have to work
and study. That is part of life. We can’t be on vacation forever, right? Life
works the same everywhere you go. You are a world citizen. You are
part of a great community. You are a human being.

1. Who are you?

2. What makes you a world citizen?
3. When do you feel part of a community?
4. Where do you meet people?
5. Why is the world a beautiful place to live in?

73
 READING COMPREHENSION

1. Who is a human being?

2. What are many things to do?
3. When do we work and study?
4. Where does life happen?
5. Why are you part of something big?
6. How often are we on vacation?

IN DEBATE
Choose one of the topics below and debate it with your
classmates.
• Who do you want to be?
• What do people need to do to live in peace?
• When is the time to fight for our rights?
• Where do you want to travel to?
• Why are countries different?
• How much money is enough to live comfortably?

FILL THE BLANKS

Watch the video What would happen if every human
suddenly disappeared? and complete the blanks below.
Human beings are ___________ . With settlements on every
continent, we can be found in the most isolated corners
of Earth’s jungles, ___________ and tundras. Our impact
is so profound, most scientists believe humanity has left
a permanent mark or ___________ geological record.
So what would happen if suddenly, every human on Earth
disappeared?

1. What are human transformations on Earth?

2. How do you impact on Earth?

WORK YOUR LISTENING

Watch the video again and answer the following questions:
1. What would happen if we disappeared?
2. What can we do to avoid that?
3. What natural transformations could happen?

74 newcastleidiomas.com.br Communication Book - Newcastle Language School

 WORK YOUR VOCABULARY
Watch the video What would happen if every human suddenly disappeared? and
debate the use of the words below:

light x dark rivers winters

changes climates summers

LET’S DEBATE IT
Debate about it with your classmates:
1. What is a perfect world?
2. What is a world citizen?
3. Where can we live in peace?
4. When will we take care of the planet?
5. How many things do you do to help the world?

Debates must last longer than 10 minutes.

STORYTELLING
Have you ever traveled? Use the structures below to tell your
classmates about it.
• Notice: If you haven’t hiked before, tell your classmates
how you think it would be like...

1. The other day

2. This was (in 2019)...
3. I was in/at… We were in/at…
4. There was/were…
5. I was on my way to….
6. I was coming back from...

75
 WORK YOUR SPEAKING

With the help of your classmates, tell your teacher step-by-

step of what you have seen on the video. Try detailing it as
much as possible.

BUSINESS DEAL
Let’s role play. Work in pairs.

A: You want to live abroad.

B: You are a person from a different country. (foreign)

Use Who, What, Where, When, Why, How often, How many,
How much to convince the foreign person.

WORK YOUR INTERVIEW SKILLS

Let’s role play.

Pretend you are a reporter, use the vocabulary below to ask

your friends questions about a different country.

quality life cost city places

food people policies choices
habits society life options
culture passport visa experience
job money fun room

76 newcastleidiomas.com.br Communication Book - Newcastle Language School

 DESCRIBE
1. Sit in pairs.
How do you see the world you live in?
How do you define citizenship?
What makes you brazilian?
What are some brazilian habits?
Describe the brazilian culture.

WORK YOUR READING

Welcome to Brazil,

One of the world’s most captivating places, Brazil is a country

of wonderful landscapes, nice people and unforgettable
experiences. Come and visit us. There are many places to visit
all across the country. You can visit south and taste good wine.
There is good food on every corner of Brazil. We are more
than happy to invite you to our beaches and lovely cities. Tours take place every
day and take you to different locations. There is nightlife in most cities and you can
have fun everywhere you go.

Ministry of Traveling,

WORK YOUR CONVERSATION

Ask your classmates:
Do you like living in Brazil?
Where can you find places to know more about brazilian culture?
What are some of the most iconic places in Brazil?

77
 REVIEW

places - countries - culture - society - continent - borders - citizenship

World citizen
visa - passport - ID - documents - rights - experiences

Related verbs to be - to stay - to live - to experience - to travel - to go

78 newcastleidiomas.com.br Communication Book - Newcastle Language School

UNIT TEN

CAN, MAY AND

MIGHT
Modal verbs are used as auxiliary verbs to express modality (necessity, permission, ability, request,
capacity, suggestions, advice, order and obligation. Modals verbs always accompany the base form
of the main verb.

AFFIRMATIVE/
MODAL MODALITY NEGATIVE
INTERROGATIVE
I can play the guitar. I can’t speak Russian
ability
She can play the piano He can’t come today
Can you open the door,
CAN request Can’t she do this?
please?
Can I use your phone,
permission Can’t I speak to her?
please?
I may go to the movies
possibility It may not work.
tonight.
MAY
permission May I ask you a question? No, you may not.

MIGHT possibility I might buy a car. I might not sell my toys.

I - YOU- HE - SHE - IT - WE - YOU - THEY

simple past I - you - he - she - it - we - you - they - (did - didn’t have)

simple present he - she - it (does - doesn’t have) I - you - we - you - they (do - don’t have)

simple future I - you - he - she - it - we - you - they (will have - won’t have)
affirmative I am - you are - he/she/it is - we are - you are - they are
I’m not - you aren’t - he/she/it isn’t - we aren’t - you aren’t
negative
they aren’t
interrogative Am I - are you - is he/she/it - are we - are you - are they

Você pode digitalizar

prepositions away - back o código ao lado e
assistir a aula dessa
adverbs +ship - +able unidade no seu
celular

79
 VOCABULARY BUILD UP

to be summer earth river

to do fall wind jungle

to have winter fire desert

to happen spring water forest

to pass day sea tundra

to breathe night land lake

to live sun tree soil

to die moon rock air

to feel sky landscape rain

to see ground mountain storm

tense interrogative affirmative

simple past can + p + main verb p + can + main verb

simple present may + p + main verb p + may + main verb

simple future might + p + main verb p + might + main verb

PRONUNCIATION
the different consonant sounds

/æ/ half, mat, back - /ɛ/ leg, send, french

/ɪ/ kick, sit, pin - /ɑ/ pot, clock, lock - /ʌ/ love, fun, cup

lion - tiger - giraffe - zebra - elephant - cheetah - gorilla - camel - bear - hyena
animals
hippopotamus - gazelle - alligator - turtle - monkey - frog - snake
birds seagull - toucan - parrot - woodpecker - canary - vulture - eagle - pelican
domestic cow - bull - ox - horse - goat - ram - pig - rabbit - turkey - duck - sheep
marine shrimp - starfish - lobster - crab - octopus - whale - shark - dolphin
bugs bee - cricket - ant - mantis - cockroach - cicada - dragonfly - fly - butterfly

PAIR WORK
Together, talk about nature.

80 newcastleidiomas.com.br Communication Book - Newcastle Language School

 MY DIARY
Fill the blanks and present it to the class.

weather: sunny - cloudy - rainy - snowy - foggy

I am a _____________ (country) windy - stormy - hurricane - earthquake
I was born in _____________ (city) eruption - weathering - hot - cold - warm - drizzle
I live in _____________ (city) forecast - drought - lightning - thunder - rainbow
I work _____________ times a week gloomy - flood - downpour - tornado - solid
I study _____________ times a month liquid - ice - shower - blizzard - gale - breeze
I study for _____________ minutes
I watch movies for _____________
I have many _____________
pets: dog - puppy - bird - cat - kitten - fish
I have much _____________
guinea pig - hamster
I want to _____________

NATURE LIFE
Nature calls for help. Many animals and plants are now facing extinction.
In Africa there are hunters killing elephants and rhinos. In Brazil there is
rare animal smuggling. There are companies buying parts of the amazon
rainforest. We are destroying nature everywhere, but there are people
who want to help our non governmental organization Green Canopy.
You are one of them, we are sure.

1. What is nature?
2. Why do we need to help nature?
3. Are we part of nature?
4. What are the things we do that destroy nature?
5. Why do we have domestic animals?

81
 READING COMPREHENSION

1. What is the meaning of calls?

2. What is the meaning of facing?
3. What is the meaning of smuggling?
4. What it the meaning of rainforest?
5. What is the meaning of NGO?

IN DEBATE
Choose one of the topics below and debate it with your
classmates.
• Who do you want to be?
• What do people need to do to live in peace?
• When is the time to fight for our rights?
• Where do you want to travel to?
• Why are countries different?
• How much money is enough to live comfortably?

FILL THE BLANKS

Watch the video Why is biodiversity so important? and
complete the blanks below.
Our planet’s diverse thriving ecosystems ___________
seem like permanent fixtures but they’re actually vulnerable
to collapse. Jungles ___________ become deserts, and
reefs ___________ become lifeless rocks. Even without
cataclysmic events like volcanoes and asteroids. What makes
one ecosystem strong and another weak in the face of
change?

1. What is biodiversity?
2. What is an ecosystem?

WORK YOUR LISTENING

Watch the video again and answer the following questions:
1. Why do we need to preserve forests and jungles?
2. What happens if we don’t process urban trash?
3. What makes the survival of species?

82 newcastleidiomas.com.br Communication Book - Newcastle Language School

 WORK YOUR VOCABULARY
Watch the video Why is biodiversity so important? and debate the use of the words
below:

diversity wood leftovers

species regions treetop

LET’S DEBATE IT
Debate about it with your classmates:
1. What do you like about nature?
2. How can you help animals to survive?
3. May people live in harmony with nature?
4. Might people use less minerals and things from the earth?
5. What is the importance of giving back to nature?

Debates must last longer than 10 minutes.

STORYTELLING
Have you ever planted a tree? Have you ever helped an
animal? Have you ever had a pet? Use the structures below
to tell your classmates about it.

1. The other day

2. This was (in 2019)...
3. I was in/at… We were in/at…
4. There was/were…
5. I was on my way to….
6. I was coming back from...

83
 WORK YOUR SPEAKING

With the help of your classmates, tell your teacher step-by-

step of what you have seen on the video. Try detailing it as
much as possible.

BUSINESS DEAL
Let’s role play. Work in pairs.

A: You are a kid and you want a pet.

B: You are a parent.

Use Can, May and Might to negotiate.

WORK YOUR INTERVIEW SKILLS

Let’s role play.

Pretend you are a reporter, use the vocabulary below to ask

your friends questions about eating meat or only eating
vegetables.

slaughter domestic artificial pork

butcher feelings meat taste
healthy organic chicken food
killing natural fish drink
nutrients farm restaurants fruits

84 newcastleidiomas.com.br Communication Book - Newcastle Language School

 DESCRIBE
1. Sit in pairs.
Describe natural things you see in your hometown.
Describe nature in Brazil.
Describe the weather in Campinas
Describe seasons in Campinas.

WORK YOUR READING

“To walk in nature is to witness a thousand miracles”

“From a tiny sprout, the greatest trees grow and flourish. May
the seeds of your mind be equally fruitful”
“Life grows strong everywhere”
“No single root feeds the forest”
“Respect the earth, for it will one day be your shield and
another day your blanket”

WORK YOUR CONVERSATION

Ask your classmates:
Do you like to do things related to nature?
Do you like pets? Do you like animals and plants?
What can you do to help nature?
What do you like about the weather in your country?
Do you want to live in a cold country?

85
 REVIEW

trees - animals - pets - blossom - seed - flower - weather - climate - mood

Nature life
landscape - gazebo - trail - trips - vegetarian - field - outdoors

Related verbs to explore - to plant - to water - to feed - to nurture - to help - to create - to grow

86 newcastleidiomas.com.br Communication Book - Newcastle Language School

UNIT ELEVEN

SHOULD, COULD,
WOULD
Modal verbs are used as auxiliary verbs to express modality (necessity, permission, ability, request,
capacity, suggestions, advice, order and obligation. Modals verbs always accompany the base form
of the main verb.

AFFIRMATIVE/
MODAL MODALITY NEGATIVE
INTERROGATIVE
You should eat more
advice They shouldn’t do that.
vegetables and fruits.
SHOULD
They shouldn’t be
opinion Why should I trust you?
sleeping that much.
I left Paris, so I could live I could use some help
ability in the past
here. here.
COULD
request Could you help me, please? Could you not, please?

Would you buy me a drink, Would you cook dinner,

request
please? please?
WOULD
Would she like to travel
invitation Would you go out with me?
with us?

I - YOU- HE - SHE - IT - WE - YOU - THEY

simple past I - you - he - she - it - we - you - they - (did - didn’t have)

simple present he - she - it (does - doesn’t have) I - you - we - you - they (do - don’t have)

simple future I - you - he - she - it - we - you - they (will have - won’t have)
affirmative I am - you are - he/she/it is - we are - you are - they are
I’m not - you aren’t - he/she/it isn’t - we aren’t - you aren’t
negative
they aren’t
interrogative Am I - are you - is he/she/it - are we - are you - are they

Você pode digitalizar

prepositions over - around o código ao lado e
assistir a aula dessa
adverbs +tion - +ing unidade no seu
celular

87
 VOCABULARY BUILD UP

to be street pedestrian hurry

to do pavement building movement

to have traffic skyscraper transport

to drive car billboard residential

to walk bike ad noise

to stay scooter store pollution

to live square suburbs skate

to work bus stop ghetto subway

to look bus urban train

to run driver rush helicopter

negative interrogative affirmative

p + should (not) + main verb should + p + main verb p + should + main verb

p + could (not) + main verb could + p + main verb p + could + main verb

p + would (not) + main verb would + p + main verb p + would + main verb

PRONUNCIATION
the different consonant sounds
/θ/ - /t/ - bath - bat - both - boat
faith - fate - math - mat - booth - boot

to ride a bike - to ride a scooter - ride a horse - to skate - to go on foot

transportation
to take a bus - to drive a car - to be a passenger - to call a cab
home - downtown - to school - to college - to prison - to church
places around
to the: restaurant - mall - bank - library - newsstand - park - club - vet
town
town hall - post office - music shop - book store - pizzeria - steak house

PAIR WORK
Together, talk about the experience of
living in a big city.

88 newcastleidiomas.com.br Communication Book - Newcastle Language School

 MY DIARY
Fill the blanks and present it to the class.
I live _____________ (address)
I was born in _____________ (city) big city: market - street-market
I live in _____________ (city) street-food - food trucks - plan - program
I live in _____________ (country) architect - space - public - private - chain
My routine: I _____________ stores - sprawling metropolis - office - public
I_____________ and then transportation system
I_____________
after that I _____________ urban: transformations - money - global
I _____________ connected - world - information - society
before that I _____________ communication - politics - international
in the mornings _____________ population - mayor - traffic - flow - block - street
in the afternoons I _____________ crime - police - security
at night I _____________

DEAR MAYOR STEVENSON

I, Amanda Parker, a resident of palm springs neighborhood am sending
you this letter on behalf of worried parents. We want our children to feel
safe. The streets are filled with dangers. We want to address our request
for better places for children to have fun. When I was a child I had many
friends and many people to play with. I want my children to have this too.
Where do your children go out to have fun? Should we take them to the
park? What would you do in our position? Could you show us solutions?

Thank you for your prompt attention,

1. Should cities be so big?

2. What could you do to help the homeless?
3. Would you live in São Paulo?

89
 READING COMPREHENSION

1. What is the meaning of resident?

2. What is the meaning of behalf?
3. What is the meaning of dangers?
4. What it the meaning of request?
5. What is the meaning of address?

IN DEBATE
Choose one of the topics below and debate it with your
classmates.
• Should we go out at night in big cities?
• Should we work every day?
• How could we avoid stress?
• How could we prevent car crashes?
• What would you do as a Mayor of your city?
• Would you live with other people you don’t know?

FILL THE BLANKS

Watch the video Urbanization and the future of cities? and
complete the blanks below.

Today, more than ___________ of all the people in the world

live in an urban area. By mid-century, this will ___________
to 70%. But as recently as a ___________ years ago only
two out of ten people lived in a city, and before that, it was
even less. How have we reached such a high degree of
urbanization, and what does it mean for our ___________ ?

1. What is urbanization
2. What was life like before living in big cities?

WORK YOUR LISTENING

Watch the video again and answer the following questions:
1. When did we stop living in natural areas?
2. What are market trades?
3. What will be the future of people living in big cities?

90 newcastleidiomas.com.br Communication Book - Newcastle Language School

 WORK YOUR VOCABULARY
Watch the video Urbanization and the future of cities? and debate the use of the
words below:

farm labour commerce

products countryside technique

LET’S DEBATE IT
Debate about it with your classmates:
1. Why do we need other people?
2. Where do the things you buy come from?
3. Why should you study and work in big cities?
4. Would you like to know how is a product made?
5. What could you do to support local communities?

Debates must last longer than 10 minutes.

STORYTELLING
Have you ever lived in a big city? Have you ever lived with
other people other than your family? Have you ever worked?
Use the structures below to tell your classmates about it.

1. The other day

2. This was (in 2019)...
3. I was in/at… We were in/at…
4. There was/were…
5. I was on my way to….
6. I was coming back from...

91
 WORK YOUR SPEAKING

With the help of your classmates, tell your teacher step-by-

step of what you have seen on the video. Try detailing it as
much as possible.

BUSINESS DEAL
Let’s role play. Work in pairs.

A: You are a client. You want to buy a product.

B: You run a shop. You sell this very product.

Use Should, Could, and Would to negotiate.

WORK YOUR INTERVIEW SKILLS

Let’s role play.

Pretend you are a reporter, use the vocabulary below to ask

your friends questions about eating meat or only eating
vegetables.

tools roads transport global

crafts ports industrial growth
crowded jobs revolution services
ships natural electricity supply
energy daily sustainable network

92 newcastleidiomas.com.br Communication Book - Newcastle Language School

 DESCRIBE
1. Sit in pairs.
Describe something you have. Think about where it came
from. How was it produced? Who helped manufacture it?
Describe urban life in your hometown.
Describe the differences between urban life and nature life.

WORK YOUR READING

“and the people bowed and prayed “New York, concrete

to the neon god they made, and the jungle where dreams
sign flashed out its warning in the are made of, there’s
words it was forming and the sign nothing you can’t do,
said the words of the prophets are now you’re in New
written on the subway walls and York, these streets will
tenement halls, and whispered in make you feel brand
the sound of silence” Simon and new, big lights will inspire your, let’s hear it
Garfunkel, 1964. for New York, New York, New York.” Jay-Z
and Alicia Keys, 2009.

WORK YOUR CONVERSATION

Ask your classmates:
Why are there so many cameras around the city?
Do you know many places in your city?
Where do you usually go out?
What should we know about our hometown?
Where could you find better job opportunities?
What would you change in your neighborhood?
Do you drive a car? Do you use the public transportation system?

93
 REVIEW

concrete - pavement - sidewalk - noise - air pollution - industry - population

Urban life
growth - urban sprawl - urbanization - street - people - places

to build - to expand - to create - to move - to drive - to pass - to hurry - to go

Related verbs
to look - to buy - to sell - to help - to work - to participate

94 newcastleidiomas.com.br Communication Book - Newcastle Language School

UNIT TWELVE

MUST, NEED TO,

HAVE TO
Modal verbs are used as auxiliary verbs to express modality (necessity, permission, ability, request,
capacity, suggestions, advice, order and obligation). Modals verbs always accompany the base
form of the main verb.

MODAL MODALITY AFFIRMATIVE NEGATIVE

obligation You must do homework We mustn’t hurt people.

MUST
You must not smoke in
prohibition They mustn’t go now.
here.
You need to pay more You don’t need to worry
NEED TO necessity
attention to it. about that.
We don’t have to believe
HAVE TO necessity You have to be brave.
his story.

Must, need to and have to sometimes can have the same meaning. The major difference is the
tone of each. “Must” is a stronger and more urgent word, while “need to” and “have to” are more
neutral.

I - YOU- HE - SHE - IT - WE - YOU - THEY

simple past I - you - he - she - it - we - you - they - (did - didn’t have)

simple present he - she - it (does - doesn’t have) I - you - we - you - they (do - don’t have)

simple future I - you - he - she - it - we - you - they (will have - won’t have)
affirmative I am - you are - he/she/it is - we are - you are - they are
I’m not - you aren’t - he/she/it isn’t - we aren’t - you aren’t
negative
they aren’t
interrogative Am I - are you - is he/she/it - are we - are you - are they

Você pode digitalizar

o código ao lado e
prepositions above - under assistir a aula dessa
unidade no seu
suffixes +able - +ible - +ble - +wise - +ward celular

95
 VOCABULARY BUILD UP

to be coffee mess tomorrow

to do eggs trash yesterday

to have butter broom schedule

to buy bread mop deadline

to take milk fix respect

to sell cheese maintenance shower

to forget ham bill hygiene

to bring breakfast rent diet

to come lunch chore fruits

to finish dinner task vegetables

negative interrogative affirmative

p + must (not) + main verb must + p + main verb p + must + main verb

p + don’t need to + main verb do you need to + main verb p + need to + main verb

p + don’t have to + main verb do you have to + main verb p + have to + main verb

PRONUNCIATION
the different consonant sounds
/r/ - /l/
car - call
fear - feel
fair - fail
row - low
rock - lock
water - coffee - cappuccino - soda - juice - hot chocolate - tea - drink
beverages
cocktail - beer - wine - milk

places around meat - vegetables - fish - bread - cheese - hamburgers - pizza - sandwich
town apple - orange - fries - salads - cookies - potatoes - tomatoes - hot dog

PAIR WORK
Together, talk about the things you must do
every day.

96 newcastleidiomas.com.br Communication Book - Newcastle Language School

 MY DIARY
Fill the blanks and present it to the class.
I must _____________
I must not _____________
household chores: to tidy up the room
I must _____________
to sweep the floor - to do laundry - to sort colors
I must not _____________
to wash the dishes - to cook lunch
I need to _____________
to make the bed - to put away clothes
I don’t need to _____________
to water the plants - to iron - to take the trash out
I need to _____________
to feed the pet - to set the table - to put clothes
I don’t need to _____________
in the dryer - to dust furniture - to vacuum the rug
I have to _____________
to empty the table - to pay the bills
I don’t have to _____________
to get the children ready - to live
I have to _____________
I don’t have to _____________

BASIC GROCERY LIST

salt (pkg) mustard rice soap (bar)
sugar ketchup beans bleach
pepper mayonnaise cereals (box) deodorizer
olive oil sauce tomato stain remover
spices rye bread potato detergent
flour vinegar onion toilet paper
vegetable oil wine (bottle) garlic towels (set)
don’t forget to take the coupons, the basket, the bags, the trolley, the
money or credit card, the calculator and the smartphone.
ps. don’t forget to buy chocolate.

97
 READING COMPREHENSION

1. What is the meaning of pkg?

2. What is the meaning of bottle?
3. What is the meaning of box?
4. What it the meaning of bar?
5. What is the meaning of set?

IN DEBATE
Choose one of the topics below and debate it with your
classmates.
• What chores must you do?
• Must kids do house chores?
• Why do adults need to do household tasks?
• Must men and women have the same house chores?
• Who has to do grocery in your family? Why?
• Where do we need to go to find good products?

FILL THE BLANKS

Watch the video Why do competitors open their stores next
to one another? and complete the blanks below.

Why are gas stations always built right next to other

___________? Why is it that I ___________ drive for a
mile without finding a coffee shop and then stumble across
three on the same corner? Why do ___________ stores,
auto repair shops and restaurants always seem to exist in
___________ instead of being spread evenly throughout a community?

1. Are there grocery stores next to your house?

2. Why can you find stores competing next to each other?

WORK YOUR LISTENING

Watch the video again and answer the following questions:
1. Where to open a business?
2. What is competition?
3. What makes a product special?

98 newcastleidiomas.com.br Communication Book - Newcastle Language School

 WORK YOUR VOCABULARY
Watch the video Why do competitors open their stores next to one another? and
debate the use of the words below:

customers vendors location

territory solution balance

LET’S DEBATE IT
Debate about it with your classmates:
1. Where must drugstores be?
2. Must cities have all types of stores?
3. Why do we have to go far from home to look for some
products?
4. When do we need to travel to a different city?
5. What do you have to do to save money?

Debates must last longer than 10 minutes.

STORYTELLING
Have you ever traveled to a different state? Have you ever
bought something online? Have you ever sold a product?
Use the structures below to tell your classmates about it.

1. The other day

2. This was (in 2019)...
3. I was in/at… We were in/at…
4. There was/were…
5. I was on my way to….
6. I was coming back from...

99
 WORK YOUR SPEAKING

With the help of your classmates, tell your teacher step-by-

step of what you have seen on the video. Try detailing it as
much as possible.

BUSINESS DEAL
Let’s role play. Work in pairs.

A: You have a great business plan. You want to sell this idea.

B: You have a lot of money. You want to invest in a great idea.

Use Must, Need to, and Have to to negotiate.

WORK YOUR INTERVIEW SKILLS

Let’s role play.

Pretend you are a reporter, use the vocabulary below to ask

your friends questions about their buying preferences.

stores stuff car global

online clothes house cash
catalogue food trip credit card
things beverages junk food instalment
profit savings account allowance

100 newcastleidiomas.com.br Communication Book - Newcastle Language School

 DESCRIBE

1. Sit in pairs.
Describe the places where you do grocery.
Describe the places where you go out to have fun.
Describe the places you go to buy things.

WORK YOUR READING

SUPER SPECIAL OFFER!

print and bring this coupon to receive 20% OFF! your product.
This coupon is only available at London and Sidney
megastores.
every time you buy a product you get the chance of winning a
trip to Japan.

Enter www.thissitedoesnotactuallyexist.com.uk and use the promo code

“IWANTMYDISCOUNTNOW”

WORK YOUR CONVERSATION

Ask your classmates:
Must we own many things?
Do we need to have a car?
Do you have to save money?
Do you want to build a house?
Do you want to run a business?
Must we try to be famous or successful?

101
 REVIEW

local - global - community - shop - store - places - things - money

Urban life
city - people - work - jobs.

to be - to have - to do - to need - to buy - to sell - to invest - to purchase

Related verbs
to withdraw - to offer - to own

102 newcastleidiomas.com.br Communication Book - Newcastle Language School

UNIT THIRTEEN

PREPOSITIONS
Prepositions are used to connect words and govern them. They usually precede a noun or pronoun
expressing a relation or element in a sentence.

PREPOSITION MAIN USE PREPOSITION MAIN USE

IN month, year, season IN limits

AT time AT spatial reference
ON days and dates ON surface
FROM origin OVER exceeding
TO direction LIKE example
FOR purpose SINCE time origin
OF relation UNTIL time limit
WITH together BY proximity

I - YOU- HE - SHE - IT - WE - YOU - THEY

simple past I - you - he - she - it - we - you - they - (did - didn’t have)

simple present he - she - it (does - doesn’t have) I - you - we - you - they (do - don’t have)

simple future I - you - he - she - it - we - you - they (will have - won’t have)
affirmative I am - you are - he/she/it is - we are - you are - they are
I’m not - you aren’t - he/she/it isn’t - we aren’t - you aren’t
negative
they aren’t
interrogative Am I - are you - is he/she/it - are we - are you - are they

suffixes +ful - +less - +ly

Você pode digitalizar
come on - hurry up - are you serious? - good
expressions o código ao lado e
luck - so far so good assistir a aula dessa
unidade no seu
phrasal verbs get out - move on - give up - carry on celular
contractions we’re - they’re - you’re

103
 VOCABULARY BUILD UP

to be to take hotel country

to do to stay pool traffic light

to have to keep bus stop airport

to move to travel room runway

to go to run work way

to dance to drive bridge balcony

to shake to ride crosswalk window

to sit to fly door roof

to get to swim sofa floor

to put to walk beach planet

negative interrogative affirmative

noun phrase + preposition noun phrase + preposition noun phrase + preposition

noun phrase + preposition noun phrase + preposition noun phrase + preposition

noun phrase + preposition noun phrase + preposition noun phrase + preposition

PRONUNCIATION
the different consonant sounds
/ʊ/ - /l/
flow - ball
low - mall
bow - call
mow - fall
show - tall

PAIR WORK
Together, talk about moving in the city,
driving, walking, riding, going to places,
traveling, etc.

104 newcastleidiomas.com.br Communication Book - Newcastle Language School

 MY DIARY
Fill the blanks and present it to the class.
I walk to _____________ NORTH
I work from____________ to___________ WEST EAST
I go to_____________ SOUTH
I go to the_____________
I pass by_____________
I move along_____________ TO TURN LEFT TO TURN RIGHT
I travel around_____________
I dance _____________ IN FRONT OF
I ride _____________ ACROSS FROM
I drive _____________ UNDER THE
GET ON THE...

CITY SIGHTSEEING BUS TOUR

We will take you on a great ride around the city. You will see skyscrapers
all across town. Turn left and you will discover great restaurants. Turn
right and you may find awesome parks. At night you may find yourself
sipping a drink and having a good time at a nightclub. The bridge
connects to Paradise Island. We will drive along the
coast and show the pretty beaches. Somewhere over
the horizon there is a haven. Under the stars you will
enjoy the urban life. On rooftops you may look at the
city from above. There’s nothing more rewarding than
getting to know people and people who live in it.

105
 READING COMPREHENSION

1. What is the meaning of skyscrapers?

2. What is the meaning of awesome?
3. What is the meaning of nightclub?
4. What it the meaning of haven?
5. What is the meaning of rooftop?

IN DEBATE
Choose one of the topics below and debate it with your
classmates.
• What is the mean of transportation?
• What will the future of transportation be like?
• Should we walk across our city and get to know it better?
• What is the purpose of a city tour?
• Where can people take stunning pictures of your
hometown?
Where can you take foreign people to visit around your
city?

FILL THE BLANKS

Watch the video How the world’s first metro system was
built and complete the blanks below.

It was the dawn of 1863 and London’s not yet opened

___________ system, the first of its kind in the world, had the
___________ in an uproar. Digging a hole ___________ the
city and putting a railroad ___________ it seemed the stuff
of dreams. Pub drinkers scoffed ___________ the idea and a
local minister accused the railway company of trying to break ___________ hell.

1. What are the advantages of subway transportation?

2. Would you use an efficient public transportation system?

106 newcastleidiomas.com.br Communication Book - Newcastle Language School

 WORK YOUR LISTENING
Watch the video again and answer the following questions:
1. Do you think public transportation systems work?
2. How to reduce congestion on the roads?
3. Why don’t we go to work on foot or by bike?

WORK YOUR VOCABULARY

Watch the video This is why emotions are so important and debate the use of the
words below:

commuters ground tunnels

jamming stations growing

LET’S DEBATE IT
Debate about it with your classmates:
1. Should we ride bikes every day?
2. Should we buy cars?
3. How long do you take to get to your job or school?
4. How long do you spend on transportation every day?
5. Would you like to have different means of transportation?

Debates must last longer than 10 minutes.

STORYTELLING
Have you ever used the subway? Have you ever traveled by
plane? Have you ever gone home by foot? Use the structures
below to tell your classmates about it.

1. The other day

2. This was (in 2019)...
3. I was in/at… We were in/at…
4. There was/were…
5. I was on my way to….
6. I was coming back from...

107
 WORK YOUR SPEAKING

With the help of your classmates, tell your teacher step-by-

step of what you have seen on the video. Try detailing it as
much as possible.

BUSINESS DEAL
Let’s role play. Work in pairs.

A: You are a passenger. You want to go home.

B: You are a driver. You will take the passenger to his or her
destination.

Use prepositions to find out what is the best route to the

destination.

WORK YOUR INTERVIEW SKILLS

Let’s role play.

Pretend you are a reporter, use the vocabulary below to ask

your friends questions about transportation.

apps minute quick fuel

speed future way energy
time past ticket movement
hour now cost ride
taxi private public company

108 newcastleidiomas.com.br Communication Book - Newcastle Language School

 DESCRIBE

1. Sit in pairs.
Describe your way home.
Describe the things you look around when going home.
Describe people you see every day.

WORK YOUR READING

Fly me to the moon agency, 456, Mansfield Park, 2nd floor.

bus ticket to _______________

bus number 8783
bus ticket number 4245 - 73
trip duration 52 minutes
seat number 22
seat class V.I.P.

WORK YOUR CONVERSATION

Ask your classmates:
Do you like traveling?
Where do you like to go on weekends?
Where do you like to go when you’re on vacation?
How often do you travel?
Where would you like to travel someday?
Do you know some destinations in your country?

109
 REVIEW

traffic - flow - speed - velocity - space - time - car - bike - on foot

Transportation
by car - by plane - by bus

to be - to have - to do - to move - to drive - to pilot - to accelerate - to speed

Related verbs
to ask - to order - to balance - to shake

110 newcastleidiomas.com.br Communication Book - Newcastle Language School

UNIT FOURTEEN

INDEFINITE
PRONOUNS
Pronouns are words used instead of a noun or noun phrase. They refer to a noun that has already
been mentioned in a sentence. Pronouns also refer to a noun that doesn’t need to be specific.
Indefinite pronouns don’t refer to any person, thing or amount in particular.

+PEOPLE +THING +PLACES

EVERY everybody everything everywhere

SOME somebody something somewhere

ANY anybody anything anywhere

NO nobody nothing nowhere

“everybody wants to rule the world”

“you know that I could use somebody”
“does anybody know what we are living for?”
“nobody said it was easy”

I - YOU- HE - SHE - IT - WE - YOU - THEY

simple past I - you - he - she - it - we - you - they - (did - didn’t have)

simple present he - she - it (does - doesn’t have) I - you - we - you - they (do - don’t have)

simple future I - you - he - she - it - we - you - they (will have - won’t have)
affirmative I am - you are - he/she/it is - we are - you are - they are
I’m not - you aren’t - he/she/it isn’t - we aren’t - you aren’t
negative
they aren’t
interrogative Am I - are you - is he/she/it - are we - are you - are they

addition +else
plural music x songs • things x stuff Você pode digitalizar
o código ao lado e
expressions no problem! - as soon as possible assistir a aula dessa
unidade no seu
phrasal verbs look up - turn on - turn off - put down celular
modal verbs should - could - would
relative who - what - when - where - why

111
 VOCABULARY BUILD UP

to be to intend people evolution

to do to pretend profession future

to have to think scientist robot

to get to practice startup metal

to hit to fight computer device

to perform to give smartphone app

to listen to bring tv system

to say to find screen network

to like to begin medicine connection

to know to end english creation

negative interrogative affirmative

indefinite + noun phrase does + indefinite + noun phrase indefinite + noun phrase

indefinite + noun phrase does + indefinite + noun phrase indefinite + noun phrase

indefinite + noun phrase does + indefinite + noun phrase indefinite + noun phrase

PRONUNCIATION
the different consonant sounds
/i/ Y, EE, IE
happy - free - movie
pretty - tree - series
money - cheese - thief
key - three - piece
many - week - pier

everybody: family - friends - coworkers - professionals - citizens - inhabitants

everything: music - culture - food - drink - clothes - material - fabric - minerals
everywhere: cities - states - countries - landscapes - rooms - buildings - shops

PAIR WORK
Together, talk about technology.

112 newcastleidiomas.com.br Communication Book - Newcastle Language School

 MY DIARY
Fill the blanks and present it to the class.

everybody _____________ phrasal verbs: log in - log out - sign in - power

everything _____________ up - set up - scroll up - scroll down - print out
everywhere _____________ back up - turn on - turn off - go down - go online
somebody _____________ go offline
something _____________
somewhere _____________
smartphone: device - gadgets - mobile
anybody _____________
portable - apps - download - upload - picture
anything _____________
selfie - social media - like
anywhere _____________
nobody _____________
nothing _____________ modal verbs: can - may - might - should - could
nowhere _____________ would - mut

VIDEO: WHAT WILL SMARTPHONES OF THE

FUTURE LOOK LIKE?
356 comments, sort by, add a comment:
“everybody owns a smartphone. At least that is what I think. I mean,
technology is everywhere. In the future nothing will happen without a wi-
fi connection. Can you imagine that? I have to say I’m afraid of the future.
everything could be dangerous. Anyone could hack into your bank
account or even STEAL your personal information.
I like the idea of shopping online, tho. IMO people
must pay attention to their personal information. TBH
anything is possible. Am I going crazy?

Frank Nelson, 42 years old, from U.S.A.

113
 READING COMPREHENSION

1. What is the meaning of at least?

2. What is the meaning of I mean?
3. What is the meaning of tho?
4. What it the meaning of IMO?
5. What is the meaning of TBH?

IN DEBATE
Choose one of the topics below and debate it with your
classmates.
• What is technology?
• How to use technology?
• What is the importance of a smartphone in your life?
• How often do you use a smartphone?
• Does everybody need to know how to use a computer?
• Does everybody need to know how to speak english?

FILL THE BLANKS

Watch the video Can robots be creative? and complete the
blanks below:

How does this ___________ make you feel? Do you find it

___________? Is it creative? Now, would you change your
answers if you learned the composer was this ___________?
Believe it or not, people have been grappling with the
question of artificial creativity, alongside the question of
artificial, for over a 170 ___________.

1. Can robots be like humans?

2. What is artificial intelligence?

114 newcastleidiomas.com.br Communication Book - Newcastle Language School

 WORK YOUR LISTENING
Watch the video again and answer the following questions:
1. Will robots replace us?
2. Can robots create good things?
3. What makes humans so special?

WORK YOUR VOCABULARY

Watch the video Can robots be creative? and answer the following questions:

machine intelligent original

code original creative

LET’S DEBATE IT
Debate about it with your classmates:
1. Should everybody have a computer?
2. Can you do something without the help of technology?
3. Is anything possible with the help of technology?
4. How is nature related to everything technology produces?
5. Would you live with no smartphones and social media?

Debates must last longer than 10 minutes.

STORYTELLING
Have you ever wanted to travel to space? Have you ever
used technology to create something? Use the structures
below to tell your classmates about it.

1. The other day

2. This was (in 2019)...
3. I was in/at… We were in/at…
4. There was/were…
5. I was on my way to….
6. I was coming back from...

115
 WORK YOUR SPEAKING

With the help of your classmates, tell your teacher step-by-

step of what you have seen on the video. Try detailing it as
much as possible.

BUSINESS DEAL
Let’s role play. Work in pairs.

A: You are a robot. You want to know more about humans.

B: You are a human. You want to know more about robots.

Use indefinite pronouns during the conversation.

WORK YOUR INTERVIEW SKILLS

Let’s role play.

Pretend you are a reporter, use the vocabulary below to ask

your friends questions about their preferences.

tv social media smartphone money

computer friends apps business
mail letter delivery work
books phone call shopping report
news paper video texting

116 newcastleidiomas.com.br Communication Book - Newcastle Language School

 DESCRIBE

1. Sit in pairs.
Describe a perfect home robot.
Describe what would you want it to do.

WORK YOUR READING

Fly me to the moon agency, 456, Mansfield Park, 2nd floor.

bus ticket to _______________

bus number 8783
bus ticket number 4245 - 73
trip duration 52 minutes
seat number 22
seat class V.I.P.

WORK YOUR CONVERSATION

Ask your classmates:
Do we need robots?
Can robots make everything?
Would you like to live in the future?
Why do we need the internet so bad?
Can you go out to meet friends and not use the smartphone?

117
 REVIEW

indefinite
every - some - any - no (+people, things, places)
pronouns

to be - to have - to do - to code - to program - to hack - to build - to create

Related verbs
to tune - to fix - to tweak - to work - to manage - to design

118 newcastleidiomas.com.br Communication Book - Newcastle Language School

UNIT FIFTEEN

CONDITIONALS
A conditional is a clause that usually starts with “if” or “unless”, in which one half expresses
something which depends on the other half.

FIRST CONDITIONAL: THINGS THAT MAY HAPPEN IN THE FUTURE

(If + present simple + … + will + infinitive)

If I have some money, I’ll buy some chocolate.
If it rains today, I won’t go to the party.
If I study hard, I’ll pass the exam.

SECOND CONDITIONAL: THINGS IN THE FUTURE THAT PROBABLY WON’T HAPPEN

(If + past simple + … + would + infinitive)

If I had a lot of money, I would travel the world.
If I didn’t have to work saturday, I would go to the beach.
If I were you, I wouldn’t do that.

I want to… so I have to…

I - YOU- HE - SHE - IT - WE - YOU - THEY

simple past I - you - he - she - it - we - you - they - (did - didn’t have)

simple present he - she - it (does - doesn’t have) I - you - we - you - they (do - don’t have)

simple future I - you - he - she - it - we - you - they (will have - won’t have)
affirmative I am - you are - he/she/it is - we are - you are - they are
I’m not - you aren’t - he/she/it isn’t - we aren’t - you aren’t
negative
they aren’t
interrogative Am I - are you - is he/she/it - are we - are you - are they

expressions let’s go - big deal! - what’s up?

phrasal verbs call off - catch up - end up Você pode digitalizar
o código ao lado e
modal verbs should - could - would assistir a aula dessa
unidade no seu
relative who - what - when - where - why celular
every - some - any - no (+people, things,
indefinite
places)

119
 VOCABULARY BUILD UP

to be to keep famous time

to do to stay rich person

to have to fit poor year

to say to hide last company

to make to hold next fact

to come to cry healthy problem

to tell to smile busy solution

to seem to meet lazy point

to look to let excited case

to burn to fear tired government

first conditional (If + present simple + … + will + infinitive)

second conditional (If + past simple + … + would + infinitive)

what would _____________________________ if you _____________________________?

PRONUNCIATION
the different consonant sounds
final /d/: did - died - worked - traveled - missed - cod
final /l/: pill - sell - fell - seal - thrill - fuel - mill - mile
beginning /r/: raw - roar - rope - rip - ride - read - red
beginning /d/: day - do - deed - duel - double - dull
beginning /l/: lie - long - lake - lad - lick - language - let

compound words: fire+man - water + melon - water+fall - pan+cake - key+board

grass+hopper - home+made - hand+made - arm+chair - sun+flower - foot+ball
ear+rings - week+end

PAIR WORK
Together, talk about responsibilities and
consequences.

120 newcastleidiomas.com.br Communication Book - Newcastle Language School

 MY DIARY
Fill the blanks and present it to the class.

to do list:
If I _____________________________ I’ll ________________________________ tonight
If I _____________________________ I’ll ________________________________ tomorrow
If I _____________________________ I’ll ________________________________ on friday
If I _____________________________ I’ll ________________________________ on weekend
If I _____________________________ I’ll ________________________________ next month
If I _____________________________ I’ll ________________________________ next year
If I _____________________________ I’ll ________________________________ next trip

quite impossible to do list:

If I were _____________________________ I would _________________________________
If I were _____________________________ I would _________________________________
If I were _____________________________ I would _________________________________
If I were _____________________________ I would _________________________________
If I were _____________________________ I would _________________________________

VIDEO: WHAT WILL SMARTPHONES OF THE

FUTURE LOOK LIKE?
This employment contract is hereby entered into John/Jessica and
BestFicticiousCompanyEver LTDA .
As an employee you are guaranteed with a salary, good working benefits and
the opportunity to build a career.

Clauses:
If the employee doesn’t come on time every day, she/he will get a warning.
If the employee performs well, she/he will get a raise.
If the employee shows good management, she/he will get promoted.
If the employee is absent for many days, she/he will get fired, eventually.
If the company doesn’t honor this contract, it will pay a fine.
If the company is not profiting, it will downsize.
If something bad happens, everybody gets in trouble.
If something good happens, everybody gets a bonus.

I agree with such terms and conditions

121
 READING COMPREHENSION

1. Is the meaning of warning?

2. What is the meaning of raise?
3. What is the meaning of promoted?
4. What it the meaning of downsize?
5. What is the meaning of fine?

IN DEBATE
Choose one of the topics below and debate it with your
classmates.
• If you were a billionaire, what would you do?
• If you were a famous celebrity, who would you hang out with?
• If you were a politician, what would you do?
• If you had superpowers, would you help people?
• If you had to choose only one band/movie what would it be?
• If you didn’t have to take responsibility, where would you be
now?

FILL THE BLANKS

Watch the video What makes a hero? and complete the
blanks below

What do Harry ___________ , Katniss Everdeen, and Frodo

all have in common with the ___________ of ancient myths?
What if I told you they are all variants of the same hero? Do
you ___________ that? Joseph Campbell did. He studied
myths from all over the ___________ and published a book
called “ The hero with a thousand faces”, retelling dozens of stories and explaining
how each represents the mono-myth, or Hero’s ___________ .

1. Do you believe in heroes?

2. What is the importance of a role model?

WORK YOUR LISTENING

Watch the video again and answer the following questions:
1. What is the “hero’s journey”?
2. Can you become a hero or superhero?
3. What makes heroes so special?

122 newcastleidiomas.com.br Communication Book - Newcastle Language School

 WORK YOUR VOCABULARY
Watch the video What makes a hero? and debate the use of the words below:

cycle world success

quest achievement failure

LET’S DEBATE IT
Debate about it with your classmates:
1. Should we get more rewarded?
2. What happens if we don’t take action when we have to?
3. Would you like to start a new life? If so, how?
4. If you could have more lives, how would you live them?
5. When do cycles start and end?

Debates must last longer than 10 minutes.

STORYTELLING
Have you ever wanted to be a superhero? Have you ever
done something great in your life? Use the structures below
to tell your classmates about it.

1. The other day

2. This was (in 2019)...
3. I was in/at… We were in/at…
4. There was/were…
5. I was on my way to….
6. I was coming back from...

123
 WORK YOUR SPEAKING

With the help of your classmates, tell your teacher step-by-

step of what you have seen on the video. Try detailing it as
much as possible.

BUSINESS DEAL
Let’s role play. Work in pairs.

A: You made a mistake. You want a second chance.

B: You are heartbroken. You want to make amends.

Use conditionals during the conversation.

WORK YOUR INTERVIEW SKILLS

Let’s role play.

Pretend you are a reporter, use the vocabulary below to ask

your friends questions about actions.

right gift congrats justice

wrong loss prize school
good win bonus karma
bad score morals nice
fight proud victory appropriate

124 newcastleidiomas.com.br Communication Book - Newcastle Language School

 DESCRIBE

1. Sit in pairs.
Describe a perfect job opportunity.
Describe the things you love about your life.

WORK YOUR READING

I just heard the news about your new job. Congratulations! I

know that getting that first position after college is often very
hard. The world is not the same as it once was. We have to
work hard. We must love and be kind to each other, no matter
what. Money is not important. Life is.
A new cycle begins. With your background in linguistics and
your talents, you will make a fine contribution to the world. I
will always remember the good days we’ve spent together.
Best wishes for success and keep in touch.

WORK YOUR CONVERSATION

Ask your classmates:
Do we need to receive gifts?
Do we need love and attention?
What if there were no wars?
Why should we seek to evolve in life?
Where do you see yourself in five years from now?
Can you let it go? Can you let it be?

125
 REVIEW

Conditionals if - since - unless - should - as long as - while

to be - to have - to do - to remember - to forget - to forgive - to love - to admire

Related verbs
to believe - to thank - to apologize - to go - to move - to live

126 newcastleidiomas.com.br Communication Book - Newcastle Language School

UNIT SIXTEEN

PRESENT
PERFECT
Present perfect is the form of the verb used for actions or events that have been completed or
have happened in a period of time up to now.

ACTION IN THE PAST WITH ONGOING RESULTS

I’ve lost my passport. (and I can’t find it)

Where have you gone?
Have you finished it?

interrogative pronoun affirmative negative past participle

I
You
have - haven’t We have haven’t verb
You
They

He
has - hasn’t She has hasn’t verb
It

already - just - ever - yet - since - until - up to - lately - recently - so far

I - YOU- HE - SHE - IT - WE - YOU - THEY

simple past I - you - he - she - it - we - you - they - (did - didn’t have)

simple present he - she - it (does - doesn’t have) I - you - we - you - they (do - don’t have)

simple future I - you - he - she - it - we - you - they (will have - won’t have)
affirmative I am - you are - he/she/it is - we are - you are - they are
I’m not - you aren’t - he/she/it isn’t - we aren’t - you aren’t
negative
they aren’t
interrogative Am I - are you - is he/she/it - are we - are you - are they

adverbs usually - possibly - normally

phrasal verbs break up - look for - give up Você pode digitalizar
o código ao lado e
modal verbs should - could - would assistir a aula dessa
unidade no seu
relative who - what - when - where - why celular
every - some - any - no
indefinite
(+people, things, places)

127
 VOCABULARY BUILD UP

been found told worked

done become put studied

had begun read played

gone sung ridden talked

made fed sold danced

eaten gotten seen prayed

drunk forgotten slept moved

driven hurt grown missed

bought known taught learned

spoken thought broken tried

I have already + noun phrase Have you ever…? I haven’t

I have never + noun phrase Have you already…? You haven’t
I have just + noun phrase Have you been to…? He/She/It hasn’t
I have not … yet + noun phrase Has she/he/it…? We/You/They haven’t

PRONUNCIATION
the different consonant sounds
drink - drank - drunk begin - began - begun
drive - drove - driven blow - blew - blown
choose - chose - chosen draw - drew - drawn
ring - rang - rung shake - shook - shaken
steal - stole - stolen go - went - gone
win - won - won wear - wore - worn
compound words: fire+works - moon+light - grand+mother - air+plane - air+port - blue+berry
straw+berry - wal+nut - pea+nut - after+noon - mid+night - shoe+lace - neck+lace - rail+road
sub+way - table+spoon - sun+glasses - lap+top - note+book

PAIR WORK
Together, talk about time-travel.

128 newcastleidiomas.com.br Communication Book - Newcastle Language School

 MY DIARY
Fill the blanks and present it to the class.

Yesterday I _____________ I have _____________

Last week I _____________ I have _____________
Last month I _____________ I have always _____________
Last year I _____________ I have just _____________
Three days ago I _____________ I have already _____________
In 2010 I _____________ I haven’t _____________ yet
In January I_____________ It hasn’t _____________ yet
In 1999 I _____________ I have been to _____________

DEAR SANTA CLAUS,

My name is _________________ I am _____ years old
I have been a good person this year. I have helped many people. I have
worked very hard as well. I have gone through difficult times recently,
nonetheless I feel happy now. I haven’t done what you asked me for last year
yet. I am still gonna do it. I promise. This year I want to ask you for something
special. I want a plane ticket to the north pole. I have never
been to a cold country and I have never seen snow. I would
love to know your factory and how gifts are made.

Truly,

129
 READING COMPREHENSION

1. What is the meaning of as well?

2. What is the meaning of through?
3. What is the meaning of nonetheless?
4. What it the meaning of gonna?
5. What is the meaning of factory?

IN DEBATE
Choose one of the topics below and debate it with your
classmates.
• Do you get stuck in the past?
• Can we leave it all behind?
• Have you been a good person this year?
• Have you ever traveled to a different country?
• Have you ever done something crazy?
• Have you already tried exotic food?

FILL THE BLANKS

Watch the video Does time exist? and complete the blanks
below.

The ___________ time measurements were observations of

cycles of the natural world, using patterns of ___________
from day to night, and season to season to build
___________. More precise time-keeping, like sundials and
mechanical clocks, eventually came along to put time in more
convenient ___________. But what exactly is it what we’re ___________?

1. Does time exist?

2. Do you believe in time travel?

130 newcastleidiomas.com.br Communication Book - Newcastle Language School

 WORK YOUR LISTENING
Watch the video again and answer the following questions:
1. How did our ancestors measure time?
2. What is Einstein’s theory?
3. How do we understand time?

WORK YOUR VOCABULARY

Watch the video Does time exist? and debate the use of the words below:

universe dimension easy

space galaxy complicated

LET’S DEBATE IT
Debate about it with your classmates:
1. Do you want to have more free time?
2. How long will we live?
3. What will the future be like?
4. Have you wondered how will humans behave in 40 years
from now?
5. Why do we need to learn physics?

Debates must last longer than 10 minutes.

STORYTELLING
Have you ever wanted to go back in time? Have you ever
regret something? Use the structures below to tell your
classmates about it.

1. The other day

2. This was (in 2019)...
3. I was in/at… We were in/at…
4. There was/were…
5. I was on my way to….
6. I was coming back from...

131
 WORK YOUR SPEAKING

With the help of your classmates, tell your teacher step-by-

step of what you have seen on the video. Try detailing it as
much as possible.

BUSINESS DEAL
Let’s role play. Work in pairs.

A: You are a time traveler. You want to go back to 2019. You’re

in 2094.

B: You are a future human. You have access to ultimate

technology.

Use present perfect during the conversation.

WORK YOUR INTERVIEW SKILLS

Let’s role play.

Pretend you are a reporter, use the vocabulary below to ask

your friends questions about actions.

childhood family trips birthday

toy regret plans funny
cartoon album times happy
stories picture parties day
remember forget brain heart

132 newcastleidiomas.com.br Communication Book - Newcastle Language School

 DESCRIBE

1. Sit in pairs.
Describe how your childhood was like.
Describe what you expect will happen in the next few
years.

WORK YOUR READING

a letter to my future self

Hey,

You wrote this letter 15 years ago. You were just a teenager
full of dreams and questions. Now you are an adult. Have you
traveled? Have you made your dreams come true? Have you
explored different places? Have you met someone special? What are you doing as
you are reading this letter? Are you wondering what has changed? Would you like
to go back in time?
If so, what advice would you give to your younger self?
Is the future how we imagined it would be?

WORK YOUR CONVERSATION

Ask your classmates:
Do you take pictures every day?
Can you enjoy a concert or you keep filming it?
How do you think you will look like in the future?
Have you wondered why we don’t remember things?
What are your favorite childhood memories?

133
 REVIEW

Present perfect past participle - action and result - life experience

Time travel minute - hour - day - weekday - weekend - month - season - year

134 newcastleidiomas.com.br Communication Book - Newcastle Language School

EXTRA
CONTENTS
IRREGULAR VERBS
base form simple past past participle
arise arose arisen
awake awoke awoken
be was, were been
bear bore born / borne
beat beat beaten / beat
become became become
begin began begun
bend bent bent
bet bet / betted bet / betted
bid bid / bade bid / bidden
bind bound bound
bite bit bitten
bleed bled bled
blow blew blown
break broke broken
breed bred bred
bring brought brought
build built built
burn burned / burnt burned / burnt
burst burst burst
buy bought bought
cast cast cast
catch caught caught
choose chose chosen
cling clung clung
come came come
cost cost cost
creep crept crept
cut cut cut

135
 IRREGULAR VERBS
deal dealt dealt
dig dug dug
do did done
draw drew drawn
dream dreamed / dreamt dreamed / dreamt
drink drank drunk
drive drove driven
dwell dwelt / dwelled dwelt / dwelled
eat ate eaten
fall fell fallen
feed fed fed
feel felt felt
fight fought fought
find found found
fit fitted / fit fitted / fit
flee fled fled
fling flung flung
fly flew flown
forbid forbade forbidden
forget forgot forgotten / forgot
forgive forgave forgiven
freeze froze frozen
get got gotten / got
give gave given
go went gone
grind ground ground
grow grew grown
hang hung hung
have had had
hear heard heard
hide hid hidden / hid
hit hit hit
hold held held
hurt hurt hurt
input input / inputted input / inputted

136 newcastleidiomas.com.br Communication Book - Newcastle Language School

 IRREGULAR VERBS
keep kept kept
kneel knelt / kneeled knelt / kneeled
knit knitted / knit knitted / knit
know knew known
lay laid laid
lead led led
lean leaned / leant leaned / leant
leap leaped / leapt leaped / leapt
learn learned / learnt learned / learnt
leave left left
lend lent lent
let let let
lie lay lain
lie lied lied
light lit / lighted lit / lighted
lose lost lost
make made made
mean meant meant
meet met met
mistake mistook mistaken
mow mowed mowed / mown
pay paid paid
plead pleaded / pled pleaded / pled
prove proved proven / proved
put put put
quit quit / quitted quit / quitted
read read read
rid rid rid
ride rode ridden
ring rang rung
rise rose risen
run ran run
saw sawed sawed / sawn
say said said
see saw seen

137
 IRREGULAR VERBS
seek sought sought
sell sold sold
send sent sent
set set set
shake shook shaken
shave shaved shaved / shaven
shed shed shed
shine shined / shone shined / shone
shit shit / shat / shitted shit/ shat / shitted
shoot shot shot
show showed shown / showed
shrink shrank / shrunk shrunk
shut shut shut
sing sang sung
sink sank / sunk sunk
sit sat sat
sleep slept slept
slide slid slid
sling slung slung
slit slit slit
smell smelled / smelt smelled / smelt
sneak sneaked / snuck sneaked / snuck
sow sowed sown / sowed
speak spoke spoken
speed sped / speeded sped / speeded
spell spelled / spelt spelled / spelt
spend spent spent
spill spilled / spilt spilled / spilt
spin spun spun
spit spit / spat spit / spat
split split split
spoil spoiled / spoilt spoiled / spoilt
spread spread spread
spring sprang / sprung sprung
stand stood stood

138 newcastleidiomas.com.br Communication Book - Newcastle Language School

 IRREGULAR VERBS
steal stole stolen
stick stuck stuck
sting stung stung
stink stunk / stank stunk
stride strode stridden
strike struck struck / stricken
string strung strung
strive strove / strived striven / strived
swear swore sworn
sweat sweat / sweated sweat / sweated
sweep swept swept
swell swelled swollen / swelled
swim swam swum
swing swung swung
take took taken
teach taught taught
tear tore torn
tell told told
think thought thought
throw threw thrown
thrust thrust thrust
tread trod trodden / trod
understand understood understood
upset upset upset
wake woke / waked woken / waked
wear wore worn
weave wove / weaved woven / weaved
weep wept wept
win won won
wind wound wound
withdraw withdrew withdrawn
wring wrung wrung
write wrote written

139
 PRONUNCIATION
A /ei/ B /bi/ C /ci/ D /di/ E /i/ F /éf/

G /dji/ H /eitch/ I /ai/ J /djei/ K /kei L /el/

M /em/ N /en/ O /ou/ P /pi/ Q /quiu/ R /ar/

S /es/ T /ti/ U /iu/ V /vi/ W /dãbliu/ X /ecs/

Y /uai/ Z /zi/

CARDINAL NUMBERS
1 one 2 two 3 three 4 four 5 five 6 six

7 seven 8 eight 9 nine 10 ten 11 eleven 12 twelve

13 thirteen 14 fourteen 15 fifteen 16 sixteen 17 seventeen 18 eighteen

19 nineteen 20 twenty 30 thirty 40 forty 50 fifty 60 sixty

100.000
1000 1.000.000
70 seventy 80 eighty 90 ninety one hundred
one thousand one million
thousand

ORDINAL NUMBERS

1st 2nd 3rd 4th 5th 6th

first second third fourth fifth sixth

7th 8th 9th 10th 11th 12th

seventh eighth ninth tenth eleventh twelfth

22nd
13th 14th 15th 20th 21st
Twenty-
thirteenth fourteenth fifteenth twentieth twenty-first
second

140 newcastleidiomas.com.br Communication Book - Newcastle Language School

COLORS

FAMILY

141
 ANIMALS

SPORTS

142 newcastleidiomas.com.br Communication Book - Newcastle Language School

HUMAN BODY

143
 CURRICULUM VITAE

name _____________________________________________________________
age __________________ marital status_________________________________
address ______________________________ area of expertise _______________
__________________________________________________________________
education _________________________________________________________
major _____________________________________________________________
minor ________________________________ language skills ________________
__________________________________________________________________
computing skills ________________________ other skills ____________________
__________________________________________________________________
work experience ____________________________________________________
work experience ____________________________________________________
work experience ____________________________________________________
work experience ____________________________________________________
relevant experience __________________________________________________
relevant experience __________________________________________________
relevant experience __________________________________________________
relevant experience __________________________________________________
honor and activities __________________________________________________
honor and activities _________________________________________________
honor and activities _________________________________________________

APPLICATION FORM

job occupation ______________________________________________________

first name _______________ surname ______________ nickname _____________
country ________________ hometown_____________ phone number__________
previous experiences _________________________________________________
previous experiences _________________________________________________
previous experiences _________________________________________________
about me, I am ______________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________

144 newcastleidiomas.com.br Communication Book - Newcastle Language School

 CALENDAR

second - minute - hour - day - week - month - season - period - year

time:
decade - century - millennium

morning (breakfast) - noon (lunch) - afternoon (coffee break) - evening (dinner)

during the day night (supper) - midnight (sleep/party) - sunrise - sunset - twilight - dawn
sun - moon
ON
days of the week monday - tuesday - wednesday - thursday - friday - saturday - sunday
holiday - day-off
IN
months of the
January - February - March - April - May - June
year
July - August - September - October - November - December
IN
seasons summer - fall - winter - spring - Earth - sunny - cloudy - rainy
snowy - windy, hot, cold, humid.
ON
during the year brazilian holidays - New Year’s Day - Easter - Thanksgiving - Christmas
Saint Patrick’s Day - Valentine’s Day - Helloween - Indepence day

MY CALENDAR

M T W T F S S

145
 PHRASAL VERBS

get up get away hang out go ahead

get down get back break up grow up

get in wake up call off hold on

get out sit down come in turn on

get on work out put out turn off

get off go out fill up put on

COMPOUND WORDS

caretaker carsick carfare cargo

uptake upthrust newsroom uptime

carryall cartwheel wheelbase wheelbarrow

washcloth fishlike waterproof fishnet

Newsdealer watershed newsman snowdrift

Intake courtyard overflow cornmeal

underclothes overcoat undercover undercurrent

Takeover talebearer taleteller tapeworm

superhuman wasteland superman superhighways

Afterlife setback overland highway

Mainland caveman drawbridge lifework

146 newcastleidiomas.com.br Communication Book - Newcastle Language School

 COMPOUND WORDS

Firebomb someplace passbook passkey

airtime firecracker sidewalk fireball

PREFIXES

PREFIX MEANING EXAMPLES

ante- before antenatal, anteroom, antedate

anti- against, opposing antibiotic, antidepressant, antidote

circum- around circumstance, circumvent, circumnavigate

co- with co-worker, co-pilot, co-operation

de- off, down, away from devalue, defrost, derail, demotivate

dis- opposite of, not disagree, disappear, disintegrate, disapprove

em-, en- cause to, put into embrace, encode, embed, enclose, engulf

epi- upon, close to, after epicentre, episcope, epidermis

ex- former, out of ex-president, ex-boyfriend, exterminate

extra- beyond, more than extracurricular, extraordinary, extra-terrestrial

fore- before forecast, forehead, foresee, foreword, foremost

homo- same homosexual, homonuclear, homoplastic

hyper- over, above hyperactive, hyperventilate

il-, im-, in-, ir- not impossible, illegal, irresponsible, indefinite

147
 PREFIXES

im-, in- into insert, import, inside

infra- beneath, below infrastructure, infrared, infrasonic, infraspecific

inter-, intra- between interact, intermediate, intergalactic, intranet

macro- large macroeconomics, macromolecule

micro- small microscope, microbiology, microfilm, microwave

mid- middle midfielder, midway, midsummer

mis- wrongly misinterpret, misfire, mistake, misunderstand

mono- one, singular monotone, monobrow, monolithic

non- not, without nonsense, nonentity, nondescript

omni- all, every omnibus, omnivore, omnipotent

para- beside parachute, paramedic, paradox

post- after post-mortem, postpone, post-natal

pre- before prefix, predetermine, pre-intermediate

re- again return, rediscover, reiterate, reunite

semi- half semicircle, semi-final, semiconscious

sub- under submerge, submarine, sub-category, subtitle

super- above, over superfood, superstar, supernatural, superimpose

therm- heat thermometer, thermostat, thermodynamic

trans- across, beyond transport, transnational, transatlantic

148 newcastleidiomas.com.br Communication Book - Newcastle Language School

 PREFIXES

tri- three triangle, tripod, tricycle

un- not unfinished, unfriendly, undone, unknown

uni- one unicycle, universal, unilateral, unanimous

NOUN SUFFIXES

PREFIX MEANING EXAMPLES

-acy state or quality democracy, accuracy, lunacy

-al the action or process of remedial, denial, trial, criminal

-ance, -ence state or quality of nuisance, ambience, tolerance

-dom place or state of being freedom, stardom, boredom

person or object that reader, creator, interpreter, inventor, collaborator,

-er, -or
does a specified action teacher

-ism doctrine, belief Judaism, scepticism, escapism

person or object that Geologist, protagonist, sexist, scientist, theorist,

-ist
does a specified action communist

-ity, -ty quality of extremity, validity, enormity

-ment condition enchantment, argument

-ness state of being heaviness, highness, sickness

-ship position held friendship, hardship, internship

-sion, -tion state of being position, promotion, cohesion

149
 NOUN SUFFIXES

PREFIX MEANING EXAMPLES

-ate become mediate, collaborate, create

-en become sharpen, strengthen, loosen

-ify, -fy make or become justify, simplify, magnify, satisfy

-ise, -ize become publicise, synthesise, hypnotise

ADJECTIVE SUFFIXES

PREFIX MEANING EXAMPLES

-able, -ible capable of being edible, fallible, incredible, audible

having the form or

-al fiscal, thermal, herbal, colonial
character of
in a manner of or re-
-esque picturesque, burlesque, grotesque
sembling

-ful notable for handful, playful, hopeful, skilful

having the form or psychological, hypocritical, methodical, nonsen-

-ic, -ical
character of sical, musical

-ious, -ous characterised by pious, jealous, religious, ridiculous

-ish having the quality of squeamish, sheepish, childish

-ive having the nature of inquisitive, informative, attentive

-less without meaningless, hopeless, homeless

-y characterised by dainty, beauty, airy, jealousy

150 newcastleidiomas.com.br Communication Book - Newcastle Language School

 ADVERB SUFFIXES

PREFIX MEANING EXAMPLES

-ly related to or quality softly, slowly, happily, crazily, madly

-ward, -wards direction towards, afterwards, backwards, inward

-wise in relation to otherwise, likewise, clockwise

151
 DEFINIÇÕES BÁSICAS DE CLASSES DE PALAVRAS
Os verbos indicam ações, movimentos e estados. Apontam algo que
VERB tenha sido realizado ou sofrido por algo ou alguém. São responsáveis por
localizar os eventos nos diferentes tempos.
Os verbos modais auxiliam o verbo principal. Complementam ou mudam
MODAL VERBS
o sentido do verbo principal (modalidades).
Os verbos auxiliares acompanham um verbo principal para expressar dif-
AUXILIARY VERBS
erentes tempos verbais ou auxiliar na negativa e interrogativa.
Os substantivos definem a existência de objetos e abstrações. Represen-
tam sentimentos, lugares, objetos, animais e ideias abstratas. um “noun”.
NOUN
Existem categorias de substantivos, tais como: collective nouns, proper
nouns e common nouns.
Os pronomes substituem substantivos que já tenham sido apresentados
na sentença, ou que estejam implícitos. Existem alguns tipos: pronomes
PRONOUN
pessoais, pronomes objeto, pronomes possessivos, pronomes adjetivos
possessivos, pronomes reflexivos e pronomes indefinidos.
Os advérbios modificam os verbos, outros advérbios e comumente al-
ADVERB teram adjetivos. Indicam forma ou modo como ações e estados aconte-
cem. O sufixo em inglês é +ly. Equivale a “+mente”. “-mente”.
Os adjetivos descrevem características e qualificam os substantivos. São
ADJECTIVE usados em forma especial para comparar ou superlativar. Os adjetivos
têm ordem em uma sentença.
As preposições ligam termos em uma sentença, de modo a estabelecer
PREPOSITION
sentido e coerência.
As conjunções ligam termos em sentenças. Apresentam sentidos para as
CONJUNCTION
situações, ações e estados, tais como contraste, resultado e adição.
Os determinantes identificam e determinam substantivos. São os artigos.
DETERMINERS Existe o artigo definido THE e os artigos indefinidos A e AN. Determinam
a exatidão de um substantivo.
São palavras usadas para quantificar pessoas, animais ou objetos em uma
QUANTIFIERS
sentença.
São verbos que acompanham uma partícula; uma preposição ou advérbio.
O verbo sempre precede a partícula. A soma das duas ou três palavras
altera o significado do verbo em relação ao seu significado original. São
PHRASAL VERBS muito comuns no inglês e tem tradução insuficiente. Podem ser dividi-
dos em transitivo e intransitivos. Separáveis e inseparáveis. Geralmente
indicam um verbo com uma ideia de ação, movimento ou estado pela
partícula.
Os sufixos são elementos (desacompanhados não tem significado) quan-
SUFFIXES do acrescentados a um radical, forma uma nova palavra. Geralmente são
acrescentados ao fim do radical.
Os prefixos são elementos que geralmente acrescentamos ao início de
PREFIXES
uma palavra (radical) e que lhe conferem novo significado.

152 newcastleidiomas.com.br Communication Book - Newcastle Language School

PEDAGOGICAL
SCHEDULE
BASIC

prova prova

INTERMEDIATE

prova prova

ADVANCED

prova prova

153
Newcastle Basic Book (2019)
Authors:
José Garcia,
Guilherme Paes Leme Cordeiro
Rhuanna Barbieri,

Graphic Editions and layout

Mateus Melo Dias, MAÔ Design

References:
GILBERT, J.B. Clear Speech, Pronunciation and Listening and Comprehensions in North American
English. 4th edition. Cambridge Press.

MURPHY, R. Essential Grammar in Use, Gramática básica da língua inglesa. 2nd edition. Cambridge
press.

OXFORD. Oxford student’s dictionary. For learners using English to study other subjects. 3rd edition.

154 newcastleidiomas.com.br Communication Book - Newcastle Language School