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Topic Name:-System, Boundary and Surroundings Date:-01/08/2021

This document discusses thermodynamics and its four laws. It also defines key thermodynamics concepts such as system, boundary, surroundings, phase, homogeneous and heterogeneous systems, and different types of systems including closed, open, isolated, and adiabatic systems. The four laws discussed are the zeroth law regarding thermal equilibrium and temperature, the first law regarding internal energy, the second law regarding entropy and the limits of converting heat to work, and the third law defining absolute zero of entropy.

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RANJIT MAITI
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30 views2 pages

Topic Name:-System, Boundary and Surroundings Date:-01/08/2021

This document discusses thermodynamics and its four laws. It also defines key thermodynamics concepts such as system, boundary, surroundings, phase, homogeneous and heterogeneous systems, and different types of systems including closed, open, isolated, and adiabatic systems. The four laws discussed are the zeroth law regarding thermal equilibrium and temperature, the first law regarding internal energy, the second law regarding entropy and the limits of converting heat to work, and the third law defining absolute zero of entropy.

Uploaded by

RANJIT MAITI
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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TOPIC NAME:- THERMODYNAMICS AND FOUR LAWS DATE:- 01/08/2021

➢ Thermodynamics is an axiomatic science which deals with the relations among heat,
work and properties of system which are in equilibrium. It describes state and changes
in state of physical systems.
➢ Thermodynamics is the science of the regularities governing processes of energy
conversion.
➢ Thermodynamics is the science that deals with the interaction between energy and
material systems.
➢ The Zeroth law deals with thermal equilibrium and establishes a concept of
temperature.
➢ The First law throws light on concept of internal energy.
➢ The Second law indicates the limit of converting heat into work and introduces the
principle of increase of entropy.
➢ The Third law defines the absolute zero of entropy.

TOPIC NAME:- SYSTEM, BOUNDARY AND SURROUNDINGS DATE:-01/08/2021


➢ SYSTEM:- A system is a finite quantity of matter or a prescribed region of space.

➢ BOUNDARY:- The actual or hypothetical envelope enclosing the system is the boundary of
the system. The boundary may be fixed or it may move, as and when a system containing a
gas is compressed or expanded. The boundary may be real or imaginary.

➢ SURROUNDINGS:-

TOPIC NAME:- PHASE AND TYPES OF SYSTEM DATE:- 01/08/2021


➢ Phase:- A phase is a quantity of matter which is homogeneous throughout in chemical
composition and physical structure.

➢ Homogeneous System:- A system which consists of a single phase is termed as


homogeneous system. Examples: Mixture of air and water vapour, water plus nitric acid and
octane plus heptane.

➢ Heterogeneous System:- A system which consists of two or more phases is called a


heterogeneous system. Examples: Water plus steam, ice plus water and water plus oil.
TOPIC NAME:- TYPES OF SYSTEM DATE:- 01/08/2021
➢ Closed System:- If the boundary of the system is impervious to the flow of matter, it is
called a closed system. An example of this system is mass of gas or vapour contained in an
engine cylinder, the boundary of which is drawn by the cylinder walls, the cylinder head and
piston crown. Here the boundary is continuous and no matter may enter or leave.

➢ Open System:- An open system is one in which matter flows into or out of the system.
Most of the engineering systems are open.

➢ Isolated System:- An isolated system is that system which exchanges neither energy nor
matter with any other system or with environment.

➢ Adiabatic System:- It is one which is thermally insulated from its surroundings. It can,
however, exchange work with its surroundings. If it does not, it becomes an isolated system.

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