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A Project Proposal

This document summarizes a project to control the speed of a DC motor using a PID controller designed in MATLAB/Simulink. The objectives are to design and tune a PID controller to control the motor speed and compare simulation and experimental results. A block diagram shows the system includes a PC connected to a motor via a driver and power supply. The PID controller will be implemented using Real-Time Window Target toolbox. Applications include conveyors and turntables where adjustable speed is required. The budget for components is 1000 Rs.

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Muhammad Umer Farooq
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357 views

A Project Proposal

This document summarizes a project to control the speed of a DC motor using a PID controller designed in MATLAB/Simulink. The objectives are to design and tune a PID controller to control the motor speed and compare simulation and experimental results. A block diagram shows the system includes a PC connected to a motor via a driver and power supply. The PID controller will be implemented using Real-Time Window Target toolbox. Applications include conveyors and turntables where adjustable speed is required. The budget for components is 1000 Rs.

Uploaded by

Muhammad Umer Farooq
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Control Systems

PID Controller design for DC Motor’s Speed

Date: 06/06/2020

Group Members:

Muhammad Umer Farooq Awan (0616)


Khizar Iqbal (0627)
Shahzaib Akhtar (0629)

Submitted to: Engr. Wahad UR Rahman

MECHATRONICS ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT UET


PESHAWAR

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PID Controller design for DC Motor’s Speed
Introduction:
The importance in the design of the control systems has grown during the last years to a great
extent, taking a considerable participation in the industry.

Currently control devices are designed for different elements and processes of companies.
Electric machines then play an important role in such systems and the study of stability and
control of these also do so, because the processes often use DC motors to drive their workloads.
These engines have quite simple functional and constructive models.

There are several well-known methods for controlling DC motors, such as: PI, PID, biposition,
etc. These can be easily implemented using analog electronics. This article aims to present a
speed control technique of a DC motor based on systems theory concepts. The proportional-
integral-derivative controller, or PID controller, can be understood as a generic control device
that has the great advantage of being able to be tuned to control a certain system or process.
(htt46)

Problem Statement:

The problem encounter when dealing with DC motor is the lag of efficiency and losses. The
speed of a DC motor is directly proportional to the supply voltage, so if we reduce the supply
voltage from 12 Volts to 6 Volts, the motor will run at half the speed.

The speed controller works by varying the average voltage sent to the motor. It could do this by
simply adjusting the voltage sent to the motor, but this is quite inefficient to do.

A better way is to switch the motor's supply on and off very quickly. However, if the switching
is fast enough, the motor doesn't notice it, it only notices the average effect.

Possible Solution:

In order to eliminate this problem, controller is introduce to the system. There’s few type of
controller but in this project, PID controller is chosen as the controller for the DC motor. This is
because PID controller helps get the output, where we want it in a short time, with minimal
overshoot and little error. PID algorithm is the best way to overcome this problem without

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varying the voltage sent to the motor. PID will be maintain the speed of motor even the voltage
supply sent to the motor changed.

Objectives:

The objectives of this project are:

 To control the speed of DC motor with PID controller using MATLAB/SIMULINK


application
 To design the PID controller and tune it using MATLAB/SIMULINK.
 To compare and analyze the result between the simulation result using a DC motor
mathematical model in MATLAB/SIMULINK and the experimental result using the
actual motor.

Methodology:

Fig 01: Block Diagram of the System

The system block diagram is as shown in Figure 01. It consist of 2 main block (PC and Motor)
that are connected through a driver and supplied by a power supply. The control algorithm is
builded in the Matlab/Simulink software and compiled with Real-Time Window Target. The
Real-Time Window Target Toolbox include an analog input and analog output that provide
connection between the data acquisition card (PCI-1710HG) and the simulink model. For
example, the speed of the DC motor could be controlled by supplying certain voltage and

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frequency from signal generator block to the analog output in Simulink. From the analog input,
the square received is displayed in a scope. The square wave pulse then is derived using the
velocity equation to get the velocity of the DC motor speed. The speed acquired and the signal
send can create a closed loop system with PID controller to control the speed of the DC motor.

Budget:

Components Amount in Rs

DC Motor 100

Motor Driver 200

Microcontroller 600

Others 100

Total: 1000 Rs

Applications:

The applications of our research could be in conveyors, turntables and others for which
adjustable speed and constant or low-speed torque are required. It also works well in dynamic
braking and reversing applications, which are common in many industrial machines.

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References
(n.d.). Retrieved from https://www.electronicshub.org/12v-dc-220v-ac-converter-circuit/
(n.d.). Retrieved from https://www.electronicshub.org/12v-dc-220v-ac-converter-circuit/
(n.d.). Retrieved from https://www.britannica.com/technology/control-system

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