CHRISTIAN RELIGIOUS ED.

I
PAPER I

1. Write down five problems faced by the Israelites during their Journey to the promised
land. 5mks
2. List down five factors which made the Israelites to make a golden calf to worship in the
wilderness. 5mks
3. Give five reasons why Kinship system was important among the African communities. 5mks
4. Write down five regulations which a pregnant woman must follow to ensure the safety of
herself as well that of the Unborn baby among Societies. 5mks
5. Write down five reasons to show why naming is important among the Africans. 5mks
6. Mention five areas in which the Protestant and Catholic Churches in Kenya have
maintained a Spirit of Co-operation today. 5mks
7. Give five reasons why the Missionaries found it necessary to engage in medical work. 5mks
8. Name five common elements found in the early Christian worship. 5mks
9. Write down five effects of the Bible translation into local languages. 5mks
10. Give five reasons why myths were important in African Societies. 5mks
11. Give five reasons why bride wealth was paid among the African Societies.
5mks
12. Write down five functions of the living dead.
5mks
13. Write down five different ways in which Jesus criticized the Pharisees scribes and lawyers
openly of Jewish Society. 5mks
14. List down five practices among the Africans that were condemned by the missionaries.
15. Give five promises God made to David when he made a covenant with him.
5mks
16. State five reasons why abortion was rare in traditional communities.
5mks
17. State five obstacles that hinder the youth from accepting Christianity.
5mks
18. Give five reasons why the Jews regarded themselves as a chosen nation. 5mks
19. State five factors that promoted corruption in Israel after the Israelites settled in Canaan.
5mks
20. Give five reasons why people choose not to marry. 5mks

CHRISTIAN RELIGIOUS ED. I

PAPER I
MARKING SCHEME

1. (a) Travelling in the wilderness, the ground was very rocky and dry.
(b) Immediately they left Egypt, the Pharaoh sent his sodiers with horses and Chariots to kill the
Israelites.
(a) In the wilderness thy lacked drinking water but Moses by power of God’s spirit found water
for them.
(c) They lacked food since the one they had carried for the Journey came to an end but God
provided Manna from heaven.
(c) Were attacked by desert nomads called Amalekites but they defeated them.
Any 5 x 1 max = 5 mks

2. (a) Moses had left them for a time to ask God to show him how he would lead them.
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 (b) In Moses absence many Israelites began to forget quickly what he had taught them about
God and how God must be obeyed.
(a) The Israelites were afraid of being in the wilderness and wanted to reach Canaan as quickly
as possible.

(c) When Moses delayed and did not return quickly they decided he might not come back at all.
(c) They could not see the God Moses had taught them about.
(d) They had feared that the God of Moses whom they could not see would no longer help them
at all in the future.
(e) God seemed to be far away from them and very difficult to understand.
(f) God’s law demanded great obedience from them and were had to keep.
(g) The Israelites wanted an easier kind of religion to follow and they remembered the regions
of Egypt / Idols.
(h) They made a God whom they could see.

3. (a) It controlled relationships between the people in a community.

(b) It governed marriage customs and the rules to be followed e.g. whom to marry and whom
not to marry.
(a) It determined the behaviour of one person towards another in the family and in the wider
community.
(c) It defined punishment for misconduct and rewards for exemplary behaviour.
(c) It bound together all the people in the community and thus enabled them to co-operate in
performing communal tasks.
(d) It enabled the community to face hardships such as disputes and famine together.
Any 5 x 1 max = 5 mks

4. (a) Abstain from sexual intercourse from the time she finds out she is pregnant, it might
continue after birth or stop sexual intercourse a few months before birth and continue until
the child stops sucking.
(b) Should not eat certain foods/encourage to eat certain foods e.g. Kamba pregnant mothers
should not eat fatty foods but encouraged to eat certain kind of soil found on anthills because
it strengthens the body of the infant.
(a) In some communities pregnant mothers return to their home of her parents when the time of
giving birth draws near especially if the child is the first born e.g. Luhyias.
(c) In other communities expectant mothers are forbidden from doing certain tasks or using
certain tools e.g. Kikuyus expectant mothers should not use any weapon or iron-made
articles.
(c) In some communities a pregnant mother does not speak directly to her husband e.g. the Mao
of Ethiopia.
(d) In all communities offering and sacrifices are made to both God and ancestors people pray
for the safety and good health of the mother and the child.
Any 5 x 1 max = 5 mks

5. (a) The name a child is given provides him with a unique Identity in the society.
(b) The name enables the child to be incorporated into the family or clan as a male / female.
(a) The name becomes an important aspect of the character and personality of the child in the
future.
(c) Some names are given to remind the people about the dead, their relatives or about important
events or occasions.
(c) Naming children after the dead members of the community helps to retain the link between
the living and the dead - it is also a way of showing gratitude to the living dead.
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 (d) Names also reflect the religious feelings of the parents and the family/naming becomes a
way of showing gratitude to God for providing the family with a child.
Any 5 x 1 max = 5 mks

(a) Education: Joint Catholic and Protestant panel prepares syllabus and materials for teaching
of C.R.E. The panel has members representing N.C.C.K Catholic Secretariat and S.D.A.
(b) The churches engage in Social welfare activities on co-operatives basis which include
healthcare Supplying relief to the needy and providing practical skills to the youth.
(a) Churches co-operate in mass-media communication through radio service, prayers and
music.
(c) The major Joint council have a Joint committee on medicine to assist the country with
providing medical facilities.
(c) Different churches co-operate in the task of nation building. They assist one another in
building of Churches and schools and in safeguarding human rights.
Any 5 x 1 max = 5 mks

6. (a) They regarded the provision of medical services as an extension of evangelistic work of
the church.
(b) They resorted to medicine where it where it was likely to impress the non believers.
(a) Medical treatment was regarded by the Africans as signs and wonders of the Whiteman,
hence they felt encouraged to come and receive these wonders.
(c) Missionaries realized the need to incorporate a medical department in their work if they were
to survive in East Africa so that they could also treat themselves and other Europeans.
(Every Pioneering party of missionaries included a doctor).
(c) Through their medical work, like education, they could train Africans as nurses, and these
could treat their fellow Africans and evangelize to them.
Any 5 x 1 max = 5 mks

7. (a) Adoration - Jesus was adored for his resurrection and redemption of mankind from sin.
(Acts 19:18)
(b) Confession - Christians confessed that Jesus Christ was Lord, confessed their sins before
they were baptized.
(a) Thanksgiving which included the Eucharist meal or breaking of bread and giving offerings.
Christians were grateful to God for having sent his beloved son Jesus Christ to redeem them
from sin.
(c) Supplication - Christians expressed their petitions through prayers e.g. they prayed for
release of Peter (Acts 12:5), they prayed for continued preaching and growth of the Church
despite persecution.
(c) Hymns - These were used in the worship of early Church especially in Asia minor. (Phil 2:6-
11; Cor. 1:15-20; Tim 3:16; 6:15)
(d) Instruction in the scripture - Christian teaching was interpreted in relation to real life
situations it was intended to deepen the understanding and faith of new Christians to avoid
confusion in life.
(e) Scripture reading - It proceeded instruction because it formed the basis of teaching.
(f) Reading of authoritative Apostolic writings: Church leaders sent letters especially to the
newly established Churches and these were read in Liturgical assemblies.
(g) Speaking in tongues: Some Christians were inspired by the Holy Spirit and spoke in tongues.
This act was first experienced on the day of Pentecost but later became a common feature in
Christian worship.

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 (h) Fasting: Practiced to enable Christians to devote their souls and life to Jesus for self control
and discipline. Any 5 x 1 max = 5 mks

8. (a) More Africans became Christians because they had the Bible in their own languages.
(b) The missionaries were able to easily and effectively evangelize the local people since they
could preach to them in a language which they could understand.
(a) The African Christians were able to have a clear understanding of the Holy scriptures.
(c) It led to the formation or starting of schools where the African Christian could be taught.
(c) African Christians rediscovered their own cultural identity.
Any 5 x 1 max = 5 mks

9. (a) They acted as a key to the understanding of man in society, his wisdom, his imagination, his
nature as well as his whole history.
(b) They acted as a means of explaining difficult circumstances and situations in life e.g. death.
(a) They were used to keep comprehend such inexplicable phenomena as creation, sun of rain.
(c) In myths, man was able to maintain records of the major events in the evaluation of his
society, e.g. epidemics, droughts, wars and migrations.
(c) Each myth was told so as to suit a particular society, its economy, religion and government
at any given moment. Any 5 x 1 max = 5 mks

10. (a) Bride-wealth consists of gifts offered as outward symbols of a serious undertaking by
the
two families that they intend to enter into a marriage covenant. Bridegroom and his relatives
give tokens to show their gratitude for acquiring a new mother to their family who will
increase the family lineage and clan by bearing children.
(b) These are symbols of the marriage covenant.
(a) These gifts are given over a long period of time, starting from the time of engagement they
continue long after marriage as a sign that the marriage covenant still holds strong bonds
between the 2 families. At times a son might contribute bride wealth towards his mothers
marriage if for example his father has passed away.
(c) The continued offering of these gifts binds the man and his wife together throughout their
lifetime.
(c) The gifts act as symbol which authorize the husband and wife to live together and bear
children for the sustenance of the society. Though their marriage the two families establish a
close and permanent relationship.
Any 5 x 1 max = 5 mks

11. (a) They return to their families occasionally and share meals and sacrifices with them.
(b) They have the welfare of their families at heart.
(a) They warn the living about empending dangers or calamities
(c) They rebuke and punish those who disobey their instructions.
(c) They safeguard traditions, ethics, and other family and state affairs.
(d) They act as mediators between men and God since having been men, they know the
problems of the people; and after death, they live nearer to God.
Any 5 x 1 max = 5 mks

12. (a) That their spiritual washings were only an outward show since they are not Holy
inside.
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 (b) That they kept minute details of the law, while neglecting the more important demands of
love and justice.
(a) That they insisted on being respected whereas they did not deserve much respect.
(c) That they overburdened people with strict people with strict laws which they overburdened
people with strict laws which they themselves did not keep.
(c) That they did not recognize God’s prophets while they were alive.
(d) That they kept people ignorant of the law and mislead them
(e) That they were lovers of money.
(f) That they were praying with pride in their hearts.
(g) That they made an outward show of their prayers.
(h) That they devoured widows houses. Any 5 x 1 max = 5 mks

13. (a) Polygamy

(b) Female circumcision
(a) Witchcraft / magic
(c) Throwing away / killing of twins
(c) Veneration of ancestors Any 5 x 1 max = 5 mks

14. (a) God promised to keep David safe from his enemies
(b) He promised to give David’s descendants a place to settle.
(a) He assured David that he would always have descendants.
(c) He promised David that his son would be an heir to his throne and would have an everlasting
dynasty.
(c) He promised David that his descendants would live without being oppressed by any nation,
they would be secure. (2 sam 7:10-16)

15. (a) Sex education is provided from early childhood

(b) Virginity is upheld limiting the possibility of pregnancy out of wedlock
(a) Abortion defames the girl in the community.
(c) Young men learn ways of satisfying their sexual urge without having sex.
(c) Women are most faithful to their husbands.
(d) Early marriages are practised.
(e) Girls are well protected by their parents and relatives.
(f) Cases are rare in traditional African society.
Any 5 x 1 max = 5 mks

17. (a) Christianity is too restrictive compared to modern changes.

(b) They are discouraged by the older members who do not lead exemplary lives.
(a) They lack proper guidance in religious matters
(c) There are too many worldly pleasures
(c) Church elders do not allow them to exploit their talents fully without their interference.
Any other relevant point

18. (a) They were descendants of Abraham

(b) They felt superior for they made a covenant with God thus they felt favoured.
(a) They thought they were exempted from God’s Judgement
(c) They felt God would protect them in Political crisis.
(c) They felt superior as God’s divine instruments in saving mankind of which they forgot their
divine duty.

19. (a) Foreign influences

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 (b) Permanent settlements as opposed to nomadism
(a) City life - mixing with foreigners
(c) Life mixed with foreigners who had different religions.
(c) The religious schism resulted to difference in opinion or religious ideas.
(d) Making covenants with foreigners. Any 5 x 1 max = 5 mks

20. (a) Discouragement from failing marriages

(b) Failure to proper teaching of marriage
(a) Influences from others who have decided to stay single
(c) Education - studies / Research taking more time in persons life.
(c) Types of careers - some too involving.
(d) Gender discrimination - women/men want freedom
(e) Economic pressure. Any 5 x 1 max = 5 mks

CHRISTIAN RELIGIOUS ED. I

PAPER II

1. a) Explain with specific examples why Jeremiah can be referred to as the “Weeping
prophet” (12 mks)
b) Give reasons why people are forced to leave their homes and country in modern times.

2. a) Why did Jesus go to John the Baptist to be baptized when had no need to repent. (8mks)
b) Briefly describe how Jesus was tempted by the devil after his baptism in the wilderness.
(12mks)
c) What lessons did Jesus learn from the above temptations. (5mks)

3. a) What are the advantages of Polygamy. (12mks)

b) Give reasons why Christians advocate for monogamous marriage.
c) What factors cause unfaithfulness in marriage. (5mks)

4. a) What events were remembered during the annual Passover Celebration. (16mks)
b) Why do Christians celebrate Easter today (Good Friday & Easter Monday). (9mks)

5. a) What were the requirements of true Apostleship. (12mks)

b) What did the mission of Jesus involve? (7mks)
c) Why did Jesus choose his disciples. (6mks)

6. a) Name same African values, beliefs and culture which were condemned by the
Missionaries as primitive and evil. (10mks)
b) What was the African response to the Christian message. (8mks)
c) Mention some traditional African elements found today in Christianity. (7mks)

CHRISTIAN RELIGIOUS ED. I

PAPER II
MARKING SCHEME

1.
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 - Jeremiah experienced a lot of cruel experiences which caused hi great unhappiness, and he
was tempted to keep silent about Gods revelations to him but he could not.
- After King Josiah’s death the King’s who followed him were hostile to Jeremiah because his
message sounded like treason to them. Priests officials and even the people of his own
village turned against him.
- He escaped assignation through God warning to him. (Jer. 11: 18 – 21)

- When he prophesied that the Temple in Jerusalem would be destroyed just like the temple at
shiloh, where the priest Eli and his sons had disgraced God, Jeremiah’s execution was
demanded what Jeremiah said sounded like blasphemy to the Priests in Jerusalem Jer. 20:1-2
the Chief Priest of the temple ordered Jeremiah to be beaten and chained up.
- Before the Babylonians attacked Jerusalem where he could have died if a friend had not
saved him Jer. 33:1 & 38:1-13.
- As the Babylonians army surrounded the city, Jeremiah told the King and the people to
surrender to the enemy and accept this as the punishment of God, but the message was too
hard for the people. Jeremiah was condemned as a tractor to Judah.
(12 marks)
(b)
- Wars become refugees in other countries
- Famine – Go search for food in areas where it is available.
- Floods
- Political reasons to seek asylum in other countries.
- To search for Jobs/to work in other places outside their homes/countries.
- For education eg students move from their homes to go to boarding schools, others leave
their homes to go to other countries.
- To become citizens of other countries e.g. Green cards. 8mks

2. (a)
- He knew he was about to begin a tremendous battle against all the powers of sin and evil in
the world.
- Wanted to show that he was joined with all those who had repented of their wrong doing and
who were waiting to see God destroy sin and evil.
- Was baptized for the sake of others so that he might save them from the sin and evil that was
destroying them.
- This was also the time when God sent a special sign to him that his work must begin, and it
was the time God declared Publicly that Jesus was his beloved son.

(b)
- The devil told him if you are the son of God turn this stone to become bread. Jesus
answered it is written man does not live on bread alone.
- The devil led him to a high place and showed him all the kingdoms of the world and said to
him, “I will give you all the authority and spleandour for it has been given to me and I can
give it to anyone I want to. If you worship me it will be all your. Jesus answered, “Worship
the Lord your God and serve him only.
- The devil led him to Jerusalem and had him stand on the highest point of the temple “If you
are the son of God throw yourself down from here, for it is written, he will command his
angels concerning you to guard you carefully, they’ll life you up in their hands so that you’ll
not strike your foot against a stone. He answered “It says do not put the Lord your God the
test. (12 marks)
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 c) - He must have total trust in God however severe the temptations were to do something that
was not the will of God.
- Jesus should not misuse his power from God to make people follow him or force people to
accept him.
- He had to be humble servant of God and show God’s love is greater than any other power.
- Jesus had to trust God even if it meant giving his own life as a sacrifice to show God’s love
to others. (5 marks)

3. (a)
- It ensures that no willing woman is left out of marriage – all have opportunity to marry.
- Incase of barrenness on part of one wife Polygamy ensures that other wives are married who
can bear children for the family.
- The Polygamous husband has more prestige than the one with one wife. This prestige derives
from the fact that he is capable of supporting a large family.
- Many wives and children can cultivate a larger area of land and take care of more –
livestock, many children are a source of manpower for the family.
- It ensures that there is balance of boys and girls in the family, One wife might give birth to
children of the same sex only.
- It acts as a check on the husbands desire fore extra – marital sex. (12 marks)

(b)
- Marriage symbolises Christ’s relationship with the church and since there is only one Christ
and one church, there ought to be therefore one wife and one husband in every marriage. Is.
54:5; Rev 19:7-9 2cor. 11:2
- Paul advices husbands to love their wives sincerely and devotedly while wives are adviced to
respect their husbands Eph 5:25-33.
- When God created Adam, He created only one wife for him, and if he wanted more then he
could have created many wives, hence God was the first one to encourage onogamous
marriage.
- The Bible states that a man shall leave his mother and father and click to his wife. It doesn’t
state “Wives” and that is why Christianity encourages monogamy.

(c) - Sexual dissatisfaction

- Greed for money
- Selfishness
- Influence from other people – bad company e.g. if a husband/wife is in bad company that is
unfaithful to their spouses they can easily be influenced to become unfaithful.
Any other relevant point. (5 marks)
4. (a)
- Suffering of Israelites as slaves in Egypt
- The fact that God heard the cries of his people and sent Moses as a go-between.
- The ten plaques which God sent to persuade Pharaoh to let his people go
- The eating of the lamb whose blood was on the doorposts
- The slaying of the first born of the Egyptians where as the homes of the Israelites were
passed over.
- The departure of Israelites out of Egypt.
- The passage through the sea of Reeds in which the army of Egypt perished
- The Forty years wondering through the desert.
- The covenant at Sinai
- Entrance into the Promised Land. (8 x 2 = 16mks)
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 (b)
- Jesus suffering, death and resurrection took place during the Passover festivals.
- The last supper Jesus had with his disciples may have been a Passover meal.
- Christians think of Jesus as the new Passover lamb because when Jesus was killed his death,
his death on the cross-bought salvation to all people.
- Christians believe it is the same saving God who first saved the Israelites at the time of
Moses, and later saved all people of all nations in the person of Jesus.
(3 x 3 = 9)
5.(a)
- One had to be appointed and sent by Christ himself like the 12 apostles (Lk 6:12-16).
- One must have been with Christ and his disciples during the whole time of his public
ministry and between his resurrection and ascension (Acts 1:15-26)
- One was called to bear the suffering of Christ like Paul and Apollo (1cor 4:6-13)
- One who had special revelation of Christ and commissioned to evangelize (1 cor 9:1-2)
- One who was able to perform miracles e.g. Paul (2 cor 12:11-12)
- Those disciples other than the 12 who were also chosen by Christ to preach the Gospel e.g.
Barnabas (Gal 1:15-17; 2:7-8) (12 marks)

(b)
- Witnessing to the truth
- Forgiving sins
- Giving power to become children of God
- Bringing salvation to the world
- Revealing God
- Enabling people to worship the father in Spirit and truth
- Sacrificing to save many.
(c )
- This was important after Jesus was no longer with the disciples they could bear witness to
what they had seen him do and spread it.
- So that they could be sent out to preach. Like Jesus the apostles had a mission to preach
about the Kingdom of God. Later they had to spread what they had witnessed God do and
teach about the life of Jesus his death on the cross, resurrection and exaltation.
- To have authority to cast out demons e.g. Jesus had authority to do this because of his
relationship with God. The apostles exercised similar power when Jesus sent them on a
mission e.g. they cast out demons and healed the sick. (Mark 6:7-13)(6 marks)
(2 x 3) Total 25 marks
6. (a)
- The African religion was seen as ancestor worship with nothing godly in it.
- They saw the African culture and tradition as a package of sinful acts and a sign of uncivilized
lot.
- Africans lacked education and week uncivilized. To them education and civilization meant
Christian Education and Western literacy namely reading and writing and arithmetic.
- African medicine and treatment were clumsy, dirty unhygienic and therefore
dangerous to human life.

(b)
- Some abandoned their traditional way of life e.g. religion, education medicine and ritual
according to the missionary requirements. They became sincere Christians regardless of what
it meant to the rest of their African brothers and sisters.

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 - Others responded positively to the Christian message with a view of getting material benefits
such as education medical attention, employment, high social status. These were not genuine
Christians.
- Others were overwhelmed by the and out of fear they accepted and followed whatever was
approved and stated but the whitemen.
- These were those who totally opposed to the Christian missionaries for condemning and
denouncing the African culture. Some of these stuck to the traditional African Independent
Churches. (8 marks)

(c)
- Christian music & dance have been adopted in Christian worship and service.
- African languages are used during Christian worship.
- Bible and other Christian literature can be read in African languages.
- African rituals e.g. shaking hands have been adopted in Christian worship.
- Use of familiar African dress, tools and implements in Church is common.
(Any other relevant point) (7 marks)

CHRISTIAN RELIGIOUS ED. II

PAPER I

1. Give five reasons why Christians pray. 5mks

2. Give five religious values that Jesus taught in his miracles. 5mks
3. What five characteristics did somebody possess if he had to be recognized as a true
prophet in the Old Testament. 5mks
4. What five reasons make some modern people in Kenya to look for services of traditional
healers. 5mks
5. How does the society deal with adultery today. 5mks
6. Explain five effects of retrenchment on the society. 5mks
7. Give five reasons why Hosea was referred to as the prophet of love. 5mks
8. State five central beliefs about God in traditional African communities. 5mks
9. List down five lessons that can be learned from the parable of the prodigal son. 5mks
10. List down five characteristics of Christian love. 5mk
11. List five advantages of Christian marriage. 5mks
12. Name five factors which led to the coming of the missionaries. 5mks
13. Give five reasons why Jesus was baptised yet he was sinless. 5mks
14. State five advantages of polygamy in African traditional societies. 5mks
15. Give five reasons why Kinship system was important among the African communities.
5mks
16. Write down five reasons to show why naming is important among the Africans. 5mks
17. Give five reasons why the missionaries found it necessary to engage in medical work. 5mks
18. Give five reasons why myths were important in African Societies. 5mks
19. Write down five different ways in which Jesus criticized the Pharisees scribes lawyers
openly of Jewish Society. 5mks
20. State five reasons why abortion was rare in traditional communities. 5mks

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CHRISTIAN RELIGIOUS ED. II
PAPER I
MARKING SCHEME

1. - To give thanks to God.

– To ask for blessings.
– To glorify and exalt God.
– To be filled with Holy Spirit.
– For their nation.
– Pray for other people when they have problems. (Any 5x1 = 5marks)

2. - Importance of faith e.g. healing of the centurion, “I have never seen such faith not even in
Israel”.
– Compassion for others – in the feeding of the five thousand people.
– Mercy…
– Glorifying God – healing of the man born blind.
– Forgiveness: The healing of the paralytic.
– Dependence on God – calming of the storm. (Any 5x1 = 5marks)

3. - They were holy people.

– They had power and authority to speak and act symbolic actions.
– They always spoke on Gods behalf “Thus says the Lord” - / acted as God’s spokesman.
– Preached to people and called upon them to go back to the covenant way of life so as to
escape judgement.
– They were God’s people and received divine call.
– They were faithful people and called upon people to be faithful.
– Spoke the truth regardless of the consequences / foretold future events which were fulfilled.
– They were morally upright and practiced what they taught.
– They were filled with the Holy Spirit which enabled them to do God’s will without fear of
consequences. (Any 5x1 = 5marks)

4. - In case of failure of modern medicine.

– Advertisements which are very appealing e.g. Mganga maluum kutoka …….. curing all
illness.
– Poverty – most people cannot afford modern medicine.
– Rural communities where people have access to modern health facilities
– Lack of strong religious convictions – people still believe in the power of traditional healers
– Some people fall a prey to deceitful healers / influence by relation.
– Healers like herbalists are recommended and even licenced by government.
– Desperation as some diseases have not been tamed by modern medicine e.g. Aids.
(Any 5x1 = 5marks)
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5. - Divorce is allowed
- It is discouraged through counselling
- It is condemned by all religious
- Spouses are expected to remain faithful to one another
- By allowing polygamy Any 5 x 1 = 5mks
6. - Poverty
– Suffering and psychological disturbance
– Inability to adjust to another kind of life when somebody was used to working life which is
disrupted suddenly.
– Death – some people have died after receiving the news of retrenchment.
– Crimes – are on the increase for so many people are unemployed.
– Frustration and desperation.

7. a) Although he prophesied judgement for Israel he fore-saw its restoration

and renewal.
b) His message was an optimism of grace. It is hope for the Israel’s hope had been grounded in
the constrancy of Yahweh’s love for his people.
c) Despite Gomer’s disloyalty, Hosea continued to love her as before
d) Hosea’s capacity to forgive an errand wife is evident in his unfailing love for his wife.
e) Hosea’s marriage to Gomer is an analogy of Yahweh’s covenant with Israel.

8. a. God is supreme being who cares for all

b. God is the creator of all that exists.
c. God is involved in day to day activities
d. God responds to prayers and sacrifices
e. God rewards the good and punishes the bad.

9. a. Sin undermines our relationship with God.

b. God is always willing to forgive us if we confess our sins and approach him in prayer.
c. God is a loving father
d. The most wonderful thing that could happen to us is to be forgiven.
e. Forgiveness brings a new life in person.

10. a. Kind
b) Friendly
c) Generosity and helpfulness
d) Justice and honesty
e) Truthfulness
f) Respect

11. a. Obedience to God’s will – what God has put together let no man put asunder.
b. Entry to church life and sacrament
c. Greater right to the inheritance by wife or husband
d. Greater social acceptability
e. For wife great security
f. Public witness that Jesus is present at a marriage.

12. a. To spread Christianity

b. To civilise the Africans
c. To stop slave trade
d. To introduce legitimate trade
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 e. To stop the spread of Islam
f. For adventure and exploration

13. a. He saw it as part of Gods plan for saving mankind.

b. Saw it as the last act of preparing those who were ready to receive the Messiah in person
c. Wanted to identify himself with sinful human kind / took upon himself their sins so as to
save them and reconcile them with God.
d. It meant the final acceptance of the work of salvation which was to be complete through
suffering. He would later die on the cross as a way of saving mankind.
e. This was the occasion God used and assured that Jesus was the son of God.

14. a. One got many children who were considered to be a source of wealth.
b. Ensured every woman got married since marriage was the only career open to woman.
c. Easy division of labour
d. Provided security in the homestead.
e. Continuity of the family name

15. (a) It controlled relationships between the people in a community.

b) It governed marriage customs and the rules to be followed e.g. whom to marry and whom
not to marry.
c) It determined the behaviour of one person towards another in the family and in the wider
community.
d) It defined punishment for misconduct and rewards for exemplary behaviour.
e) It bound together all the people in the community and thus enabled them to co-operate in
performing communal tasks
f) It enabled the community to face hardships such as disputes and famine together.
Any 5 x 1 max = 5 mks

16. (a) The name a child is given provides him with a unique Identity in the society.
b) The name enables the child to be incorporated into the family or clan as a male / female.
c) The name becomes an important aspect of the character and personality of the child in the
future.
d) Some names are given to remind the people about the dead, their relatives or about important
events or occasions.
e) Naming children after the dead members of the community helps to retain the link between
the living and the dead - it is also a way of showing gratitude to the living dead.
f) Names also reflect the religious feelings of the parents and the family/naming becomes a
way of showing gratitude to God for providing the family with a child.
Any 5 x 1 max = 5 mks

17. (a) They regarded the provision of medical services as an extension of evangelistic work of the
church.
d) They resorted to medicine where it where it was likely to impress the non believers.
e) Medical treatment was regarded by the Africans as signs and wonders of the Whiteman,
hence they felt encouraged to come and receive these wonders.
f) Missionaries realized the need to incorporate a medical department in their work if they were
to survive in East Africa so that they could also treat themselves and other Europeans.
(Every Pioneering party of missionaries included a doctor).

13
 g) Through their medical work, like education, they could train Africans as nurses, and these
could treat their fellow Africans and evangelize to them.
Any 5 x 1 max = 5 mks

18. (a) They acted as a key to the understanding of man in society, his wisdom,
his imagination, his nature as well as his whole history.
d) They acted as a means of explaining difficult circumstances and situations in life e.g. death.
e) They were used to keep comprehend such inexplicable phenomena as creation, sun of rain.
f) In myths, man was able to maintain records of the major events in the evaluation of his
society, e.g. epidemics, droughts, wars and migrations.
g) Each myth was told so as to suit a particular society, its economy, religion and government
at any given moment. Any 5 x 1 max = 5 mks

19. a) That their spiritual washings were only an outward show since they are not Holy inside.
b) That they keep minute details of the law, while neglecting the more important demands of
love and justice.
c) That they insisted on being respected whereas they did not deserve much respect
d) That they overburdened people with strict laws which they themselves did not keep
e) That they did not recognize Gods prophets while they were alive.
f) That they kept people ignorant of the law and mislead them
g) That they were lovers of money
h) That they were praying with pride in their hearts
i) That they made an outward show of their prayers
j) That they devoured widows houses. Any 5 x 1 max = 5mks

20. (a) Sex education is provided from early childhood

b) Virginity is upheld limiting the possibility of pregnancy out of wedlock
c) Abortion defames the girl in the community.
d) Young men learn ways of satisfying their sexual urge without having sex.
e) Women are most faithful to their husbands.
f) Early marriages are practised.
g) Girls are well protected by their parents and relatives.
h) Cases are rare in traditional African society. Any 5 x 1 max = 5 mks

CHRISTIAN RELIGIOUS ED. II

PAPER II

1. a) What events were remembered during the annual Passover Celebration. 16mks
b) Why do Christians celebrate Easter today (Good Friday & Easter Monday) 9mks

2. a) Explain with specific examples why Jeremiah can be referred to as the

“Weeping prophet” 12mks
b) Give reasons why people are forced to leave their homes and country in modern times.
13mks
3. a) Name some African values, beliefs and culture which were condemned by the
missionaries as primitive and evil. 17mks
b) What was the African response to the Christian message. 8mks

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4. a) Why do you think there should be co-operation between the church and the state? 8mks
b) Explain the areas of ecumenical co-operation among churches in Kenya today. 9mks
c) Explain the effects of translating the Bible into local African languages. 8mks

5. a) Explain the origin of sin and its consequences as found in Genesis chapters 1 – 11.
13mks
b) What was Jeremiah’s understanding of suffering? 7mks
c) What is the Christian understanding of suffering today? 5mks

6. a) What was the significance of Abraham’s call for him and his descendants? 8mks
b) What is the relevance of God’s promises to Christians today? 8mks
c) What lessons can Christians learn from Abraham’s faith? 9mks

CHRISTIAN RELIGIOUS ED. II

PAPER II
MARKING SCHEME

1. a) Events which were remembered during the annual Passover Celebration.

- Suffering of Israelites as slaves in Egypt
- The fact that God heard the cries of his people and sent Moses as a go-between.
- The ten plaques which God sent to persuade Pharaoh to let his people go
- The eating of the lamb whose blood was on the doorposts
- The slaying of the first born of the Egyptians where as the homes of the Israelites were
passed over.
- The departure of Israelites out of Egypt.
- The passage through the sea of Reeds in which the army of Egypt perished
- The Forty years wondering through the desert.
- The covenant at Sinai
- Entrance into the Promised Land. (8 x 2 = 16mks)

(b) Why Christians celebrate Easter (Good Friday & Easter Monday)
- Jesus suffering, death and resurrection took place during the Passover festivals.
- The last supper Jesus had with his disciples may have been a Passover meal.
- Christians think of Jesus as the new Passover lamb because when Jesus was killed his death,
his death on the cross-bought salvation to all people.
- Christians believe it is the same saving God who first saved the Israelites at the time of
Moses, and later saved all people of all nations in the person of Jesus.
(3 x 3 = 9)
2. a) Explain with specific examples why Jeremiah can be referred to as the
“Weeping prophet”
- Jeremiah experienced a lot of cruel experiences which caused hi great unhappiness, and he
was tempted to keep silent about Gods revelations to him but he could not.
- After King Josiah’s death the King’s who followed him were hostile to Jeremiah because his
message sounded like treason to them. Priests officials and even the people of his own
village turned against him.
- He escaped assignation through God warning to him. (Jer. 11: 18 – 21)
- When he prophesied that the Temple in Jerusalem would be destroyed just like the temple at
shiloh, where the priest Eli and his sons had disgraced God, Jeremiah’s execution was
15
 demanded what Jeremiah said sounded like blasphemy to the Priests in Jerusalem Jer. 20:1-2
the Chief Priest of the temple ordered Jeremiah to be beaten and chained up.
- Before the Babylonians attacked Jerusalem where he could have died if a friend had not
saved him Jer. 33:1 & 38:1-13.
- As the Babylonians army surrounded the city, Jeremiah told the King and the people to
surrender to the enemy and accept this as the punishment of God, but the message was too
hard for the people. Jeremiah was condemned as a tractor to Judah.

(b) Reasons why people are forced to leave their homes and country
- Wars become refugees in other countries
- Famine – Go search for food in areas where it is available.
- Floods
- Political reasons to seek asylum in other countries.
- To search for Jobs/to work in other places outside their homes/countries.
- For education eg students move from their homes to go to boarding schools, others leave
their homes to go to other countries.
- To become citizens of other countries e.g. Green cards

3. a) African values, beliefs and culture which were condemned by the missionaries as
primitive and evil.
- The African religion was seen as ancestor worship with nothing godly in it.
- They saw the African culture and tradition as a package of sinful acts and a sign of
uncivilized lot.
- Africans lacked education and week uncivilized. To them education and civilization meant
Christian Education and Western literacy namely reading and writing and arithmetic.
- African medicine and treatment were clumsy, dirty unhygienic and therefore
dangerous to human life.

b) African response to the Christian message.

- Some abandoned their traditional way of life e.g. religion, education medicine and ritual
according to the missionary requirements. They became sincere Christians regardless of what
it meant to the rest of their African brothers and sisters.
- Others responded positively to the Christian message with a view of getting material benefits
such as education medical attention, employment, high social status. These were not genuine
Christians.
- Others were overwhelmed by the and out of fear they accepted and followed whatever was
approved and stated but the whitemen.
- These were those who totally opposed to the Christian missionaries for condemning and
denouncing the African culture. Some of these stuck to the traditional African Independent
Churches.

(c) Traditional African elements found today in Christianity.

- Christian music & dance have been adopted in Christian worship and service.
- African languages are used during Christian worship.
- Bible and other Christian literature can be read in African languages.
- African rituals e.g. shaking hands have been adopted in Christian worship.
- Use of familiar African dress, tools and implements in Church is common.
(Any other relevant point) (7 marks)

4. a) Why there should be co-operation between the church and the state

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 - The state and the church belong to one nation hence they have similar goals – National
goals.
- Both the state and the church meet as fund raising for the church as well as in state
ceremonies ie politicians attend church functions and Christians attend state functions.
- The state provides security for all people including Christians eg. Police are called upon to
maintain order when we have functions in the church while the church takes care of the
spiritual needs of people.
- Today some Government officials hold important positions in the church while also some
Christians hold important positions in the government
- The church and the state cooperate in condemning immoral and criminal activities in the
society.
- Both must cooperate because they serve the same community.
- Christianity teaches that all authority comes from God and all Christians must obey state
laws.
- Both church and state cooperate in the provision of health, education and other social needs
of the community. 8 x 1 = 8mks

b) Areas of ecumenical co-operation among churches in Kenya today.

- Different churches are involved in provision of medical services throughout Kenya.
- Today we have some Theological colleges training church ministers form different churches
e.g Pan African Christian college, which trains pastors from all Protestant churches
- Nearly all churches lead religious programmes on Sundays on the Kenya broadcasting
corporation (KBC)
- The Bible society of Kenya is made up of many churches and its main function is translation
of the Bible into local languages.
- Different churches join hands in Harambee functions to build churches and schools.
- Many churches come together and give food relief in areas that are seriously hit by famine
like North Eastern Kenya.
- Today different churches hold joint prayers in schools
- Today the church helps the government in preparation of C.R.E. curriculum, syllabuses and
text books.
- Inter-church marriages is a major area of co-operation among churches in Kenya.
9 x 1 = 9mks
c. Effects of translating the Bible into local African languages.
- It made it possible for Africans to participate actively in preaching the gospel.
- The bible became a learning resource
- As a result of translation of the bible into local languages many people can read the Bible in
their own vernacular.
- It promoted revival movements.
- It became the first book to be written in African languages
- Translation of the Bible into African languages led to the development of some African
languages.
- It encouraged people to learn how to read and write so that they could read the Bible for
themselves
- It led to the development of the spirit of ecumenism as many churches came together in the
translation into various languages.
- Translation of the Bible in African languages contributed to the development of African
Theology. 8 x 1 = 8mks

5. a) The origin of sin.

- Man was created good and innocent
17
 - His relationship with the creator was perfect
- He was endowed with the will to choose between good and evil.
- The man and woman were tempted by the serpent / Satan to eat the forbidden tree/ tempted
to eat the fruit of the tree of knowledge
- Both rebelled against God/ Creator, willfully disobeyed God
- Man sinned when he desired to be like the creator which was not the intention of God.
- It was because of his pride and desertion of Gods love and guidance that he violated the will
of the creator. any 4 x 1 = 4mks

b) Jeremiah’s understanding of suffering

- The theme of suffering starts with Jeremiah’s call whose mission was to deliver unpleasant
message to the people.
- Judah suffers because of her failure to live to the ideas of the covenant way of life or their
rejection of Yahweh’s love for them.
- The home of David had to suffer because of the unfaithfulness of her custodians or rulers
who did not portray the character of their forefather David.
- His life is a good example of an innocent person suffering because of the evils of his society.
He suffered greatly even to the point of accusing God of betraying him.
- The massive defeat of Judah by foreigners which was Gods judgement was aimed at warning
the people of their religious and moral failures.
- Jeremiah experienced a terrible conflict in himself almost wanting to give up his prophetic
mission.
- God shared his agony of suffering when his people reject Him and persue evils.
- The innocent could suffer not because of punishment from God as the Israelites believed but
due to existence of evil.
- After the suffering, those who accept it in the right spirit. A great era of great joy will replace
it. Judgement and suffering of Gods people keep a ray of hope.
Any 7 x 1 = 7 mks

c) Christian understanding of suffering

- Jesus gave a good example of suffering and he taught his disciples suffering was part of their
being followers of Christ. True followers are those who accept suffering.
- Innocent suffering is part of the redemptive purpose of God.
- Peter says that it is through suffering that the faith of the believer is strengthened.
- Those who are not discouraged and endure suffering, will be made perfect
- It is through trials and temptations that man seeks Gods guidance and protection. It makes
Christian rely on the divine love of God.
- They are assured that the end of suffering and evil is promised in the final victory of God.
- It is in suffering that Christians share in the glory of God through Jesus Christ
- When Christians suffer, they witness Christ in the world.
- Suffering can be as a result of social, political, moral and economic situations surrounding
the Christian community. Any 5 x 1 = 5mks

6. a) The significance of Abraham’s call for him and his descendants

- They are expected to emulate Abraham’s example (heb. 8: 9 – 19)
- Gods promise was not a personal reared to Abraham. It was part of plan through which all
mankind would benefit (Gen. 12:3) He is the ancestor of Jesus who brought salvation to all
men (Acts Gal. 3: 16, 29)
- The willingness of Abraham to leave his motherland and go to a strange land signified an act
of faith.

18
 - To Abraham’s unquestionable act of faith, the chosen people (Abraham descendants)owe
their existence and destiny.
- Abraham’s descendants must note that physical descent from Abraham is not enough to
guarantee them Gods blessing. (mt. 3: 9)
Any 4 x 2 = 8mks
b) The relevance of God’s promises to Christians today
- Abraham was promised that his descendants will be delivered from physical oppression
while Christians are promised deliverance spiritual oppression.
- While to Abraham circumcision was a physical sign of inner faith, baptism is the physical
signs of inner faith.
- Just as Abraham was promised protection by God so also are Christians assured of Gods
protection.
- While Abraham was promised the land of praise the Christians are promised eternal life/
kingdom of God.
- Abraham was promised fame/ greatness. The Christian leaders (some of them) are great.
- While Abraham was promised a heir. The Christians are expected to be heirs of the
kingdom of God.
- Christians are beneficiaries of Abraham’s promise that all mankind will receive Gods
blessing.
- As Abraham was promised that his descendants will be many in number Christians too
expect to be many in number. Any 8 x 1 = 8mk

b) Lessons can Christians learn from Abraham’s faith

- They should be ready to accept Gods call as Abraham did.
- They should be prepared to inherit the kingdom of God as Abraham was ready to inherit the
land of Canaan.
- They should be ready to accept they will always offer them protection as Abraham believed.
- They should accept to be sent anywhere as Abraham did when he was told to move from the
known land to unknown land.
- They should be confident / trust in all Gods promises
- As Abraham was essentially chosen by God because of his faith so also are Christians
chosen
- They should have trust that God will always answer their prayers/ their requests
- They should have faith that God is not ready to destroy life but rather safe it as he did to
Isaac.
- They should be ready to sacrifice anything that God requires from them as Abraham was
ready even to offer his son as a sacrifice.
- The accept that they will be great in serving God just as Abraham accepted to become great.
9 x 1 = 9mks

CHRISTIAN RELIGIOUS ED. III

PAPER I

1. Identify five methods used in T.A.S to teach young people concerning moral values. 5mks
2. What five teachings do Christians get from the parable of the rich man and Lazarus? 5mks
3. Give five reasons why the ten commandment are important to Christians in Kenya today
5mks
4. What five lessons does Christian learn from the healing of the centurion servant? 5mks
5. Give five reasons for the seclusion of initiates for sometime after initiation. 5mks
6. State five ways of getting marriage partners in T.A.S. 5mks
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7. Identify five duties of children towards their parents. 5mks
8. In what five ways in Christian baptism similar to initiation in T.A.S. 5mks
9. Identify five problems caused by fathers working away from home in Kenya today. 5mks

10. Identify five ways in which churches should assist in the development of Kenyan
Education 5mks
11. Give five reasons why there should not be many Christian denominations. 5mks
12. Give five reasons why Christians view politics as “a dirty game”. 5mks
13. What five things can a Christian do to ensure peaceful election period? 5mks
14. Identify five virtues required in a Christian marriage. 5mks
15. In what five ways can corruption be minimized in modern Kenya. 5mks
16. Identify five things about human being, which can be derived Genesis I and II. 5mks
17. Explain five reasons why it was difficult for the prophets to stop idolatry in Israel. 5mks
18. State five ways, which make people to neglect the aged parents. 5mks
19. In what five ways did Jesus fulfil the O.T prophecies? 5mks
20. Identify five things Paul said about the gift of speaking in tongues. 5mks

CHRISTIAN RELIGIOUS ED. III

PAPER I
MARKING SCHEME

1. Methods used in T.A.S to teach young people concerning moral values.

- Folk tales/myths were used by the aged to teach the young.
- Through proverbs/ riddles/sayings/parables which trained young people to think for
themselves and make sound moral decisions.
- Through dramatization/ role play / young people took part in dramatizing under Instruction
of elders.
- Through lectures by elders especially during initiation where the young were taught about
responsibilities secrets of communities, tradition, taboos, Social life etc.
- Through songs and dances which carried moral teachings.
- Through peer group where the young learnt about what is right and what is wrong.

2. Teachings Christians get from the parable of the rich man and Lazarus
- There will be eternal condemnation and judgement for these who fail to live the way God
wants.
- We should listen to God’s servant and preachers.
- The way Christian live on earth. [Christians deeds on earth determine their destiny their
destiny]
- There will be eternal life for those who do and live according to the will of God.
- Christian should know that they have a duty to help/share with the poor and the needy.
- Sinners will be sorrowful after death.
- We should use our material wealth in view of eternal life.

3. Reasons why the ten commandment are important to Christians in Kenya

- They guide Christians in Kenya on how to please God by doing his will.
- Help Christians to understand the nature of God.
- They help Christian to understand and obey the laws of the land for they some are derived
from the [10 commandments]
- Helps the Christians in their relationship with others.
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 - Guide Christians to distinguish between what is right or wrong.
- They help government to maintain law and order hence Christians live in a peaceful
environment.

- The commandment upholds the sacredness of life hence Christian value human life.
- They regulate behavior of members of a given church.

4. Lessons Christian learn from the healing of the centurion servant

- It is important to have faith.
- Humility is demanded from all of us regardless of our status in the society.
- We should acknowledge the authority of Jesus no matter who we are.
- Jesus cares for the poor and the lowly.
- Good news was for all regardless of race.
- Christians should be concerned about the pool.

5. The seclusion of initiates for sometime after initiation.

- So that they could be taught by the elders.
- So that they could be fed well to regain their health.
- So that they could be taken care of well and regain their energy.
- So that they could be protected from the powers of witches and societies.
- So that they could have an opportunity to share their experiences with their age-mates.
- So that they could know each other well and is close as members of the same age group.

6. Ways of getting marriage partners in T.A.S.

- Using relatives who knew who was the suitable partner.
- Parental suggestion and participation in choosing a partner.
- Inheritance from a brother or any other close relatives.
- Through raids and wars.
- Individual counted and marriage partners of their choice.
- Elopement although layer.
- Gifts especially to leaders.

7. Duties of children towards their parents.

- To obey their parents.
- To love their parents.
- To look after parents especially in old age.
- To respect their parents.
- To remember them after death by naming their children after them.
- To take care of them when they are sick.
- To help them financially especially when they are no long working.

8. Ways in Christian baptism similar to initiation in T.A.S.

- In both cases there are ceremony.
- In both cases there are sponsors.
- Both are rites of passage/ individual changes status.
- In both cases one become a full member of a given community.
- Both are symbols with a deeper meaning.
- In both cases one might acquire a new name.

9. Problems caused by fathers working away from home in Kenya today.

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 - He has no time with his children.
- Husband and wife relate like strangers
- Either of the partners can be tempted to be unfaithful.
- Long separation can eventually lead to divorce.
- There is loneliness of the mother and children at home/also insecurity.
- The mother brings up children single handedly hence sometimes they might be
undisciplined.
- The children lack proper guidance and counseling for both parents.
- Financial strains as a result of running two homes.

10. Ways in which churches should assist in the development of Kenyan education.
- Taking part in harambees for building of school.
- Offering financial help to the needy through bursaries.
- Promotion of education of street children / taking part in charitable walk for education of
children.
- Writing up of C.R.E syllabus and textbooks.
- Acting as sponsors of schools.
- Building low cost schools, which they manage.
- Provision of business training in various colleges.
- By training of teachers in various Christian colleges.

11. Reasons why there should not be many Christian denominations.

- Many denominations create hatred and enemity among them.
- Much denomination may create confusion among believers.
- Many denominations are not necessary since the message is the same.
- Many denominations may create disorder in the churches as some of them don’t even have
organized doctrines
- Many denomination may create scarcity of resources since there will be need for more
churches, salaries for workers, among other necessities.
- There can be heresies/false teaching as a result of many denominations.

12. Reasons why Christians view politics as “a dirty game”.

- In most cases it involves cheating/evil manipulations/corruption.
- Christians are divided especially during voting.
- It can lead to break of churches.
- Politicians are often known to be dishonest and disorderly.
- People argue that there are no permanent friends can abandon or betray each other.
- Politics especially during elections can result to poverty as politicians use a lot of money to
woe voters.

13. Things that a Christian can do to ensure peaceful election period

- Being honest/ not fear persecution by condemning violent/evil acts.
- Pray for free and fair elections, which can promote peace during elections.
- Makes sure that he votes so as to remove bad governance and facilitate good governance.
- Taking parts in civic education/educating the masses of their rights and obligations.
- Financing elections to ensure that they are smooth.
- Avoid situations that can promote conflicts with the government of the day.
- Taking employment at various levels and offices during voting to ensure maintenance of
peace.
- Preaching about peace, order and the need to obey laws in the society.

22
14. Virtues required in a Christian marriage.
- Mutual fulfillment sexual, physical and emotional needs should be met by each of
The party.
- Faithfulness of the couple/respect.
- Obedience/ helpfulness to each other.
- Equality of the couple but not forfeiting one prescribed roles because of such claim for
equality.
- Responsibility for each other – they should be each other’s keeper.
- Honest
- Freedom of speech and decision making but with discipline.

15. Ways can corruption are minimized in modern Kenya.

- Severe punishment against culprits
- Enacting law against corruption.
- Improving the economy.
- Good/ adequate salaries to workers so as to make them resist temptations to take bribes.
- The judiciary should be strengthened and be made corruption free so as to deal with
corruption cases well without intimidation or being bribed.
- Christian’s leaders should condemn corruption as one of the major “world evil”.
- Mass media should educate people concerning the vice of corruption.
- The rich/leader should be forced to declare their wealth so that it’s known how they acquired
their wealth, any wealth acquired corruptly should be confiscated.

16. Things about human being, which can be derived Genesis I and II.
- Human beings were created by God in his own image and likeness hence they are
Similar to God.
- Human beings are the most important of all creation/ centre of creation.
- Human beings were put in charge of all creation.
- Human beings were created to live in fellowship with each other and with God.
- God ordains human marriage.
- Human beings should obey God their creator.
- Human beings should procreate.
- Human beings should honour God.

17. Reasons why it was difficult for the prophets to stop idolatry in Israel.
- Kings were the custodians of the people yet they were the perpetuators of idolatry e.g
Jeroboam, Manasseh. Ahab, etc.
- Temples [high places] were constructed for gods and goddess as a result it becomes
institutional and quite difficult to eradicate.
- The gods/goddesses attract people more because they appeared to be more real and would
easily be manipulated.
- The Canaanite influence was very strong in all aspects of their life.
- The Israelites practiced syncretism and consequently it was difficult to mark a demarcation
between actual idol worship and true worship.
- The false prophets excited people and they were promoters of idol worship.
- The marrying of foreign wives by the kings of Israel also weakened the fight against idolatry
e.g Ahab and Jezebel, Solomon and his hundred of wives.
- The prophets were often persecuted hence they went into hidings and could not therefore
effectively stump out idol worship.

18. Ways which make people neglect the aged parents.

23
 - Education makes people to go away from their homes sometimes out of the
Country and they no longer have a chance to stay with their old parents.
- Individualism has cropped up such that people no longer even care about others, they just
think about their lives.
- Economic hardships make people to only be in a position to sustain their immediate families
and have no resources not even to share with their aged parents.
- Urbanization has drawn people away from the rural areas where the aged mostly live.
- Migration especially to foreign lands which take people away from home.
- Out break of disease like Aids which have affected mostly the young and instead off parents
being taken care of they take care of there dying children.
- Breakdown of traditional kinship ties which make the children to feel less obliged to take
care of their dying parents.
- Permissive society- it has allowed people to do what they want without caring out the
consequences not even curses which could arise because of parental neglects.

19. Ways in which Jesus fulfilled the O.T prophecies

- God promises Abraham that he would bless all the families of the world through Him. Jesus
was a descendant of Abraham and the world was blessed through him.
- By Sinai covenant God promised the Israelites that he would make them special people if
they would serve him with obedience and be faithful to his command.
- Christ makes people to be faithful to his commandments the faithful people are recipients of
God’s blessing.
- To David God promised an everlasting kingdom Jesus a descendant off king David reigns in
the hearts of men forever.
- Through prophet Jeremiah God promised that he would make a new and a better covenant
with his new people and the even of his death Jesus inaugurated the promised new covenant.
- Isaiah prophesied of a righteous descendant of king David – Jesus was a righteous
descendant of king David.
- Isaiah described the messiah as a prince of peace a wonderful counselor Mighty God –
Jesus fulfilled all these.

20. Things Paul said about the gift of speaking in tongues.

- It may tempt people to look at it as the most important/superior gift.
- He says that evens the pagans or gentiles show similar manifestations.
- It is less useful because it addresses God not the community of believes.
- Those with the gift worship God but do not edify the community is the most impart criteria
by which to judge to value of charisma.
- Gift of prophesy is better than speaking in tongues unless they are interpreted.
- Paul say that himself has the gift but would rather say five meaningful word than ten in
tongues

CHRISTIAN RELIGIOUS ED. III

PAPER II

1. a) Explain the factors that influenced the demand for a mornachy among the Israelites.
10mks
b) Basing your answer on Samuel’s response to Israelites demand for king; identify the
problems the Israelites experience after the monarchy 8mks
c) Give reasons why Christian need political leaders. 7mks

24
2 a) Outline the events in the childhood life of Jesus. 10mks
b) Outline some differences between events in traditional and modern birth of a child.
8mks

c) How should Christians parent bring up their children. 7mks

3. a) Discuss some of the features of a Christian family. 10mks
b) Discuss factors that are threatening the survival of extended family in modern world.
10mks
c) Identify five causes of conflicts between parents and children in Kenyan families today
5mks
4 a). Explain how the Christian missionaries contributed to the development of formal
education in Kenya during the colonial period. 10mks
b. Explain how the colonial government assisted the missionaries in achieving their
objectives in Kenya. 10mks
c) Identify features in Kenyan churches which show the Africanization of Christianity
7mks
5. a) Identify the evils in Israel that were condemned by the prophets as being responsible for
their punishment. 8mks
b) Explain what prophets Jeremiah and Ezekiel say about the them of covenant. 9mks
c) Identify evils facing modern world which Christian leaders should condemn. 8mk

6. a) What practices were condemned by Paul in the Early church 10mks

b) What are some of the gifts of the Holy Spirit as given by St. Paul in the book of
1st Corinthians. 8mks
c) Explain how you would tell a Christian who is led by the holy spirit. 7mks

CHRISTIAN RELIGIOUS ED. III

PAPER II
MARKING SCHEME

1. a) The factors that influenced the demand for a Mornachy among the Israelites.
- Poor leadership as a result of injustices perpetuated by the sons of Samuel, Joel and Abijah
who succeeded their father as judges over Israel.
- Israelites wanted to be like the other nations surrounding them who had kings national
leaders.
- Israelites failure to understand fully that Yahweh was their unseen king and God.
- The desire for the Israelites to have a warrior king who would lead them into wars especially
against the stubborn philistines.
- Israelites desire to have a visible and touchable human king whom they would physically
confront with their day to day problems.
- The Israelites wanted to have a stable political government with laws and order being
executed by a human leader who was like them. (Theocracy)
- They lost faith in rule by unseen God and wanted to be loyal to human ruler whom they
thought would understand. 2 x 5 = 10mks

b) Samuel’s response to Israelites experience after the Mornachy.

- The first King Saul involved them in unnecessary war with the neighbours hence the
Israelites suffered and others were killed in battle especially against the philistines.
- There was political instability as Saul was soon rejected by God due to his disobedience.
- The Israelites were oppressed through forced labour especially during the reign of Solomon.
25
 - There was foreign influence which came with idolatry as the kings entered into alliances
with foreign kings sometimes marrying princesses.

- Weak kings gained power e.g Rehoboam under whose reign the kingdom split into two.
- Some of them (king) made the Israelites to deviate from the covenant way of life e.g. king
Ahab and his Phoenician queen, king Jeroboam constructed high places.
- People began to reject Yahweh as they become more loyal to their visible Kings.
- There was alienation of property e.g. Naboths vineyard during King Ahab’s reign.
- Some Kings took away peoples wives e.g. King David.
1 x 8 = 8mks

c) Reasons why Christian need political leaders.

- To defend people against foreign attacks.
- To maintain law and order in the country.
- To co-ordinate development activities.
- To promote economy.
- To delegate power and authority to responsible people.
- To organize people they carry their day to day activities.
- To make decisions that affect day to day lives of the people.
- To safe guard the laws of the land.
- To unite people and hence ensure harmonious relationship.
1 x 7 = 7mks
2. a). Events in the childhood life of Jesus.
- He was born in Bethlehem where Mary and Joseph had gone for census. This was
fulfillment of O.T prophecies
- He was laid in a manger inside a cowshed as the inn was full and was wrapped in
swaddling clothes-a symbol of poverty.
- Shepherds came to visit Jesus when they were informed by angels as they sang songs glory
is to God, the highest in heaven. He comes to the humble.
- He was visited by the wise men from the [East] who brought present of gold Myrrh and
frankincense. Which were symbols of kingly right of the child and universal
acknowledgement he would receive.
- He was named on the 8th day of his life according to the Jewish traditions.
Jesus O.T Joshua THAT MEANS Yahweh is salvation.
- He was circumcised on the eighth day as a requirement of the Jewish Torah.
- At the age of forty days Jesus was dedicated as it was a requirement for all first born sons
who according to tradition belong to God even since the night of the Exodus when God
saved them from the angel of death.
- Mary, Joseph and their baby Jesus were forced to flee to Egypt to escape from child killer
king Herod.
- In the age of 12 years old he accompanied his parents to Jerusalem for the celebration of
the feast of pass over.
- He helped his father in his carpentry shop as he grew up. 1 x 10 = 10mks

b. Difference between event in traditional and modern birth of a child.

Traditional Modern
- Children are born in hospital where
- Children were born in secretive there could be more people than just
place, only the mother and the the midwife
26
 midwife were around.
- Disposal off the umbilical cord
- Disposal off the umbilical cord and placenta is usually done at
and placenta were done in such hospital and no caution is taken as
away to ensure that mother they have no symbolic meaning any
remained fertile and the child safe. longer attached to them
- No ululation to announce the arrival
- The birth was marked by shouts only the midwife informs the mother
and ululations of joy. of the sex of the child immediately
after birth.
- The baby is usually secluded to avoid
- The baby and the mother were exposure to disease.
secluded mainly for protection
and against witchcraft. - The child is named but the sacrifices
for whatever reasons are not made
- The child was named and sacrifices
made to ancestors to protect
child as well as to purify the child. - Men (husband) are encouraged to go
- Men were not supposed to be to maternity ward to witness the birth
anywhere near the birth scene. of their.

c) How should Christians parent bring up their children.

- They should give them spiritual guidance.
- They should show fairness to all children.
- They should be considerate to their social welfare and interaction.
- They should set good examples to them.
- They should give them freedom but with caution.
- They should accord disciple and correction to them when they make mistake
- Parents should give their children responsibility.
- Parents should show love to their children.
- They should provide for their basic survival needs-food shelter and cloth.
- They should guide them on secular matters and other living values e.g. drugs, sex e.t.c.
1 x 7 = 7mks
3. a). Features of a Christian family.
- A Christian family begins with Christian marriage.
- A Christian family is passed on monogamous marriage.
- In a Christian family children are not essential but an integrate part of marriage hence a
family is complete without children.
- The union of a Christian couple is symbolizes the union of Christ and the church.
- In a Christian family all people have obligations /duties
- Husband in a Christian family have a duty to love their wives.
- Women have a duty to respect or be submissive to their husbands.
- Children in a Christian family have a duty to obey their parents.
- In a Christian family Christ is seen as the head and hence the director of the family.
- God is seen as the loving father of the family and others are brother and sisters.
- All members in a family should show mutual affection to one another.
- In a Christian family there should be togetherness and unity as seen during prayers.
1 x 10 = mks

27
 b. Factors that are threatening the survival of extended family in modern world.
- Modern education - people go for studies abroad or even in boarding school.
They take such a long time that they hare no longer close to their relatives.

- Urbanization – people no longer live together hence extended family ties are no
longer strong.
- Economic hardship – people just get enough for nuclear family survival hence have little to
share with members of the extended family.
- Christianity- all those who go to the same church and profess Christian faith are brothers in
the lord and hence have little concern for their kin’s (members of extended family)
Christianity who discourages responsibility to the dead members of the extended family.
- Migration – people have migrated to foreign lands and have therefore lost ties with relatives.
- Erosion of cultural values because of western modern influence/ modern people tends to
favour western culture with its features of nuclear family monogamy individual - All
these have weakened extended family. 2 x 5 = 10mks

c) Causes of conflicts between parents and children in Kenyan families today

- Child deliguency - children commit crimes such as steeling, drug abuse, and sex and hence
quarrel with their parent.
- Lack of communication between parent and children.
- Lack of tolerance/forgiveness between parents and children.
- Religious fanatism of either parent or children hence lack of religious tolerance and
conflicts.
- Parent being conservative and unable to understand changes in their children as a
result of modern changes.
- Generation gap.
- Peer group influence/permissive society.
- Child abuse/beating/raping incest. 1 x 5 = 5mks

4. a) How the Christian missionaries contributed to the development of formal education in

Kenya during the colonial period.
- The missionaries built mission school hence laid the foundation of formal education.
- The missionaries assisted the Africans in setting of bush schools where elementary
education was given.
- The missionaries developed the first curriculum for African education which laid greater
emphasis on practical subject.
- The missionaries started first teachers training college at Kamwenja’s, St. Mark Kigali,
Thogoto etc the graduates of their school were employed in mission schools
- The missionaries in most cases helped the government in writing up of textbooks e.g carry
Francis and the writing of math’s textbooks.
- The missionaries trained catechists who taught in Bush Schools.
- The missionaries acted as managers and sponsors of school
- The missionaries acted as inspectors of supervisors of school.
- The missionaries built churches which were used as school.
- Missionaries attracted the African to their schools through gifts.
- The missionaries discouraged traditions which retarded female education e.g circumcision of
girls. Hence ensure that they did not marry early and were retrained in schools.
- Missionaries employed people as clerk in their farm teachers or catechists these people
needed to have academic qualifications hence people’s desire for education increased.
1 x 10 = 10mks

28
 b) How the colonial government assisted the missionaries in achieving their objectives in
Kenya.
- The colonial government opened up new areas by pacifying the Africans hence
Missionaries peacefully settled there.
- The colonial government provide security and protection need by missionaries hence they
set up mission stations and evangelized with less fear.
- The colonial government owned land and gave it to the missionaries to set up schools or
churches which were used as centers of evangelism.
- Colonial government gave grants and to the mission led school which were used as
platforms for evangelism.
- The government in-corporate some missionaries in the government aim of the Legco. e.g
Urther- a representative of the African hence helped the African to promote their interest.
- The government constructed Kenya – Uganda railway hence the missionaries were able to
penetrate into the interior. 4 x 2 = 8mks

c) Features in Kenyan churches which show the Africanization of Christianity.

- The leaders [clergy] in most churches are Africans.
- There is the use of African tunes and dances in church music
- There is use of drums during worship
- There is clapping of hands
- Use of water in Christian purification rituals.
- Use of African languages (vernacular) in worship
- Adoption of African names during Baptism
- Use of African dressing design in clergy uniform (attires)
1 x 7 = 7mks

5. a) Evils in Israel that were condemned by the prophets as being responsible for their
punishment.
- Corruption in the courts as practiced by the rich and rulers
- Exploitation / oppression of the poor / slaves by the rich / overcharging of customers
- Idolatry and worship of the Canaanite gods/ making of Idols and building of the high places
for them.
- Temple prostitution for fertility rituals
- Insincere worship and sacrifices to cover up sins
- Swindling and dishonesty /falsifying measures / hoarding
- Use of violence to acquire wealth.
- Excessive luxuries among the rich (cows of Bachan) which made people to turn away from
God
- Syncretism ie mixing of idol worship with the true worship of God
- False prophesies 1 x 8 = 8mks

b) What Prophets Jeremiah and Ezekiel say about the theme of covenant.
- Jeremiah talks of God’s faithfulness to Davidic and Abrahamatic covenant.
- Jeremiah accuses the Israelites of having broken the old covenant through their evil deeds.
- Both Jeremiah and Ezekiel say that God will consequently initiate / make a new covenant
with his new people.
- The new covenant will be fulfilled in the context of the original covenant
29
 - The laws in the new covenant will be written in mens hearts not on stone tablets (Jere)
- In the new covenant individuals will be responsible for their own sins (Both)
- There will be no teachers to teach the laws in the new covenant since they will be written in
hearts of men and each and every person will experience inner ( personal knowledge of the
will of God.
- Both Ezekiel and Jeremiah say that the breaking of the covenant way of life was being
disloyal to God and hence the Israelites would face judgement and eventual punishment.
- Ezekiel says that God would give his new people a new heart and a new spirit.
- Ezekiel talks of Jesus inagurating the new covenant. It is from the book of Ezekiel that
Jesus took his words at the last supper and the church inherited the custom of referring to the
second part of the bible as the new covenant / testament.
- Ezekiel also talks of the covenant between the king of Israel and thinking of Babylon which
he subsequently broke and hence punishment. 1 x 9 = 9mks

c) Evils facing modern world which Christian leaders should condemn.

- Poverty which is caused by political mismanagement
- Corruption / bribery caused by greed and dishonesty
- Diseases like Aids caused by immorality
- Wars and fighting’s caused by struggle for supremacy in the World
- Oppression and exploitation of the poor by the rich / greed
- Insincere worship
- Moral evils like abortion and cloning of human beings
- Hatred and enemity among men
- Devil worship
- Crimes/ use of violence to acquire wealth 1 x 8 = 8mkls

6. a) Practices condemned by Paul in the Early church.

- Immorality – a man who had an affair with his step mother
- Taking fellow Christians to court – showed their divisions to the unbelievers
- Speaking in tongues which caused chaos and confusion in churches
- Division in the church as a result of loyalty to Peter, Apollo, Paul and Christ
- Refusal to share while celebrating the Lords supper
- Taking the Lords supper while one was guilty of sins
- Eating of food offered to idols hence making weak Christians to have guilty conscience
- Disbelieve in resurrection and wondering about the nature of the resurrected body.
2 x 5 = 10mks

b) Gifts of the Holy spirit as given by St. Paul in the book of 1st Corinthians.
- Healing
- Gift of prophesy
- Speaking in tongues
- Discerning of spirits
- Love
- Faith
- Interpretation of tongues
- Utterances of wisdom
- Performing miracles
- Utterances of knowledge. 1 x 8 = 8mks

30
 c) How you would tell a Christian who is led by the holy spirit.
- If he manifest the fruits of the holy spirit – love and fellowship with other Christians
- If he has joy
- If one suffers and endures suffering
- If one experiences a lot of peace
- Full of goodness
- Faithful to God
- Meek
- Exercises self control in all situations
- Genuinely speak in tongues / performing miracles
- If what he prophecies comes to pass. 1 x 7 = 7mks

CHRISTIAN RELIGIOUS ED. IV

PAPER I

1. Give five reasons why the Bible is called a Library. (5mks)

2. State any five ways in which God reveals himself to us today. (5mks)
3. State any five reasons why David was considered a great King. (5mks)
4. Give five corrupt practises of the people of Israel during the time of Prophet Elijah. (5mks)
5. State five things that Jesus did during his journey to Jerusalem. (5mks)
6. State the effects of Bible translation in Kenya. (5mks)
7. Give five symbolic meanings of the command of God to Moses “ remove your shoes for the
ground on which you are standing is Holy”. (5mks)
8. State any five lifestyle of the early church Christian community during the apostolic age.
(5mks)
9. Give five advantages of polygamous marriages in A.T.S. (5mks)
10. State five O.T descriptions of the Messiah as foretold by prophet Isaiah. (5mks)
11. Give reasons why the Israelites demanded a King during Samuel’s time. (5mks)
12. What lessons can Christians lean from the temptations of Jesus. (5mks)
13. What are the causes of poverty at individual level? (5mks)
14. Mention five social evils condemned by Prophet Micah. (5mks)
15. Why do you think one of the commandments is against murder? (5mks)
16. State five African cultural values that have found expression in Christian worship. (5mks)
17. What are the functions of law in any community. (5mks)
18. State five Jesus’ teaching on forgiveness. (5mks)
19. What can Christians learn from the feeding of the five thousand people? (5mks)
20. How has Christianity helped in the transforming the African society? (5mks)

31
CHRISTIAN RELIGIOUS ED. IV
PAPER I
MARKING SCHEME

1. Reasons why the Bible is called A Library.

– It has a collection of books
– It consists of different books
– It has books of varying styles and emphasis
– It has books written by different authors
– It has books written for different readers at different periods in history.
(Any 5points 1mk each = 5)

2. Ways in which God reveals himself to us.

– Famine – voice - Accidents - Sickness
– Drought – wars - The bible
– Dream – Earthquakes - Holy Spirit.
– Vision (Any 5 points 1mk = 5marks)

3. Reasons why David was considered a great King.

– He obeyed God.
– Sought God’s forgiveness
– Accepted God’s punishment
– Approached God with humility
– Sought God’s counsel in all important decisions.
– Brave / courage.
– Honesty / Trustworthiness
– Unity / mindful of others.
– Trade, commerce minded
– Good Army organizer. (Any 5 points 1mk = 5marks)

4. Corrupt practices condemned by Elijah among the Israelites.

– Worship of Baal Gods
– Erection of Baal temples.
– Prostitution.
– Introduction of Baal prophets
– False prophecies
– Offering sacrifices to Baal God’s
– Land grabbing.
– Exploitation of the poor by the rich.
– Nepotism / discrimination / racialism / tribalism.
(Any five 5x1 = 5marks)

5. Things Jesus did on his journey to Jerusalem.

– Teaching about divorce and marriage
– Talking about his betrayal.
– Receiving children, dedication and blessing.
– Challenging a arich man
– Giving hopes to the disciples
– Giving the disciples the true requirement.
32
 – Qualification for going to heaven. (Any five 5x1 = 5marks)

6. Effects of Bible translation.

– Christianity spread faster as more Africans were able to read Bible in their own languages.
– Desire for education; more Africans showed interest in learning.
– More printing presses were established to meet the demand for reading materials.
– Greater understanding was created between the Missionaries and the Africans making life
easier for both.
– The Missionaries got an opportunity to learn other languages since they needed to interpret
and translate the Bible in different languages.
– This led to appreciation of African culture and suspension ceased.
– The Missionaries were able to hand over church leadership to the Africans.
(Any five points 5x1 = 5marks)

7. Symbolic meanings of God command to Moses “Remove your shoes…………..”.

– It was a symbolic of uncovering all that man covers i.e., sin.
– When Moses removed his shoes, it symbolically meant he was naked before God.
– It means that when we come before God/speak to God nothing can be hidden or should be
hidden for Him.
– Moses was unable to hide anything from God.
– It was a sign of respect to God.
– It signified God’s holiness / it showed that God stays / stands / lives in a holy place.
(Any 5 points each 1mk = 5marks)

8. Five lifestyle of early church Christian community during the apostolic age.
– Devotion to the apostles fellowship.
– Shearing of goods and possessions.
– Led a simple life.
– Sold their property and gave their proceed to a common fund.
– They emphasised concern for each others welfare.
– They attended the temples together day by day and encouraged one another in worship.
– He prophesied to follow the way of salvation.
– They preached and worshiped by working wonders.
– Gathered in groups to pray for common problems.
(Any 5 points each 1mk = 5marks)

9. Give five advantages of polygamy marriage in A.T.R:

– It helps to reduce the problem of adultery and unfaithfulness.
– It is seen to guarantee marriage to so many women who would otherwise have failed to get
married.
– It would provide children to a man whose wife is barren and he would marry another one.
– It provides extra labour force instead of buying labour.
– It defeats tribalism and nepotism as some of the wives can come from different communities.
– It helps to teach people well, qualities as patient, tolerance and respect.
(Any 5 points each 1mk = 5marks)

10. Five O.T descriptions of the Messiah as was foretold by Isiah the prophet.
– Emmanuel (Meaning God with us)
– A mighty God
– Everlasting father
– The prince of peace.
33
 – A man in whose shoulders the government will rest.
– Everlasting ruler / a just and righteous ruler. (Any 5 points = 5marks)
11. Reasons why the Israelites demanded a King.
– Wanted the political administration and civil services of the neighbouring nations.
– Forgot that God was their spiritual King.
– Samuel’s sons were corrupt and they took bribes.
– Wanted a King to lead them in battles.
– They wanted just to be like other nations.
– They wanted to be united under one king / leader.
(Any 5 points 5x1 = 5marks)

12. Lessons which Christians can lean from Jesus’ temptations.

– Holy spirit strengthens Christians in their lives.
– Jesus was tempted after he received his baptism.
– The word of God can help Christians to overcome temptations.
– Temptations is for every Jesus’ follower.
– Christians should pray to God to lead them away from temptations.
– Christians should seek Jesus’ help and the holy spirit to overcome temptations.
(Any 5 points 5x1 = 5marks)

13. Causes of poverty at individual level.

– Lack of employment
– Laziness
– Misuse of wealth
– Exploitation of the poor by the rich.
– Poor health
– Lack of opportunities to get good education.
(Any 5 points 5x1 = 5marks)

14. Mention five social evils condemned by Prophet Micah.

– Condemned acceptance of bribery and prevention of justice by princesses.
– People of God practice injustice / cruelty
– He condemned telling of lies and promotion of violence
– He condemned corruption and taking of bribes among judges.
– He condemned those in authority for murder and ruthless action of the poor.
– He condemned the rich for taking houses and plots of the poor.
(Any 5 points 5x1 = 5marks)

15. Why do you think one of the commandments is against murder.

– To avoid unwanted sorrows.
– Human life is sacred.
– To create peace and harmony
– Created every man for a specific purpose.
– Human life is precious
– Only God can take away human life. (Any 5 points 5x1 = 5marks)

16. State five African cultural values that have found expression in Christian worship.
– Acceptance of polygamy in independent churches.
– Dresses used by priests and choir members are typical to African dress.
– Acceptance of African tunes in Music.
– Acceptance of African names in baptism.
34
 – African musical instruments are used in church e.g. drums.
– Use of vernacular in worship and sermons. (Any 5 points 5x1 = 5marks)
17. Functions of law in any community.
– To give guidelines on punishment
– To regulate human behaviour.
– To protect human rights.
– To ensure efficiency in work.
– To limit human freedom.
– To define what is legal and what is illegal.
– To protect people’s property. (Any 5 points 5x1 = 5marks)

18. Jesus’ teaching on forgiveness.

– We should forgive everybody even our enemies
– It is never too late to ask for forgiveness
– One should seek for God’s forgiveness
– God forgives those who repent.
– Forgiveness should be unlimited
– God forgives who forgives others. (Any 5 points 5x1 = 5marks)

19. What Christians can learn from the feeding of the five thousand.
– Should seek the imperishable food – the word of God.
– Should be able to share what they have with others.
– Recall the Old Testament prophecies about he Messianic Banquet.
– Jesus is the bread of life.
– Not to be anxious about material and physical needs.
– Should show concern for the needs of others.
– Jesus has power over nature. (Any 5points 5x1 = 5marks)

20. How Christianity has helped in transforming the African society.

– The church offers recreational facilities.
– Reduced fear of witchcraft, sorcery and magic.
– Helped in dropping rituals which were a threat to health.
– Formal education brought by Christian missionaries has changed African lifestyles.
– Polygamy is dying out giving room to Christian monogamy.
– Formal education replaced informal education.
– Traditional beliefs have been replaced by Christians beliefs.
(Any 5x1 = 5marks)

CHRISTIAN RELIGIOUS ED. IV

PAPER II

1. (a) What unfair social practices did prophet Amos condemn in his mission to the Northern
Kingdom. (10mks)
(b) What is the N.T teaching on justice and social responsibility. (10mks)
(c) Explain 5 practices that Amos would condemn in our country today. (5mks)

2. (a) Explain practices which guarded an individual against any form of discrimination in
T.A.S. (8mks)
(b) What roles were played by the ancestors to the living in A.T.S. (9mks)
(c) How did African Traditional Religion prepare them for Christianity. (8mks)
35
3. (a) Explain ways in which people show their appreciation of God as source of life. (8mks)
(b) What signs were used by God to prove He was the true God of Israel during Elijah’s
prophecy? (9mks)
(c) What should be one’s attitude when seeking God’s forgiveness. (8mks)

4. (a) How has modern Technology and Economy changed the Traditional African attitude to
work? (9mks)
(b) Explain in detail why a Christian should work. (8mks)
(c) What are the effects of alcoholism on career? (8mks)

5. (a) Explain why Christians accept suffering as part of discipleship in this world. (12mks)
(b) Mention different ways, how Christians suffer for the sake of following Christ. (8mks)
(c) What measures has the government taken to encourage the spread of Christianity. (5mks)

6. (a) What were the main duties of African elders and how were they chose. (16mks)
(b) Why do different constituencies choose their own members of parliament. (9mks)

CHRISTIAN RELIGIOUS ED. IV

PAPER II
MARKING SCHEME

1. (a) Social practices condemned by Amos in his Northern Kingdom mission.

– Oppression and exploitation of the poor by the rich. 3:9-15
– Social injustices and luxery. 3:9-15
– Disorder and unfair practices like harshness 5:7 – 13, 8:4 – 8.
– Borrowing at high rates of profit (interests)
– Wealth derived from slave labour.
– Exorbitant rents imposed by the rich on the poor.
– Reacted violently against the social structure. 3:13 – 15.
– Evil drinking acts of his people.
– Violence and idol worship.
– Exerssive pride by the rich.
– Prostitution. (Any 10 points 1mark each =10marks)

(b) N.T on justice and social responsibility.

– Preaching of good news to the poor
– Proclaiming relief to the captives
– Setting the oppressed free Luke 1:77 – 79.
– Condeming the rich keep the wages of their labourers by Fraud James 7.
– Tax collectors should not collect more than necessary Luke 10:12.
– Soldiers were advised to be content with their wages Luke 1:14.
– The apostles collected their property and distributed to the poor shared their meals
Luke 3:10-11.
– Do not robb by violence and false accusations Luke 10:14.
– Being content with what we have Luke 1:14.
– Performing merciful activities. Luke 1:12.
– Feeding of 5,000 people by Jesus.
– The beatitudes Luke 6:17-37.
36
 – Condemnation of immoral behaviou e.g. King Herod and Herodia.
– Living honest life like John the Baptist, Paul e.t.c.
(Any 5 well explained points 2 marks each = 10marks)

(c) Unfair practices that Amos would condemn in our country today.
– Selling debtors property for loans.
– Oppressing of the poor and the weak at law courts.
– Corruption in law courts, civil service e.g. low wages, child labour, barmaids, housemaids,
e.t.c.
– Bribery in the offices and at exits from the country and at entry points to the country.
– Cheating at businesses e.g. selling worthless goods at high prices.
– Prostitution. (Any 5 points 1 mark each = 5marks)

2. (a) Practices which guarded an individual against any form of discrimination in T.A.S:
– Community work
– Division of labour
– Common religious beliefs
– Fear of curses
– Communal sense of living
– Sense of communal ownership of property
– Common customs (norms) and taboos.
– Sense of communal shearing
– Fear of punishment from God (Spirits) or ancestors.
– Age – set systems ensured protection for all.
(Any other relevant points 1mark each = 8points)

(b) Roles of ancestors to the living in A.T.S:

– Punishing the offenders
– Interceding for them to God/Acting as mediators between the living and God.
– Answering questions.
– Protecting the living.
– Regulating behaviours
– Giving solutions to problems.
– Informing the living of misfortunes through mediums.
– Visiting the living as part of leisure.
– Safeguarding the traditional and ethic family affairs.
– Encouraging and strengthening initiates during circumcision.
– Guiding the living on their daily activities.
– Acting as members of the living families.
– A reservour of names to be given to children.
– Accepting and receiving sacrifices / offering libations given by communities.
(Any 9 points 1 mark each = 9marks)

(c) Ways in which T.A religion prepared the Africans for Christianity.
– Seeking forgiveness from God.
– Belief in a supernatural God.
– Moral values.
– Belief in life after death.
– Belief in God as creator / powerful / living / just / provide / merciful.
37
 – Belief in reward and punishment for righteousness and sin respectively.
– Special clothing for religious specialists.
– Religious leaders (objects) places.
– The idea of prophets and property.
– Belief in spirits and ancestors (living dead) saints.
– Religious rituals e.g. offerings / sacrifices / prayers / religious songs.
(Any 8 points 1 mark each = 8marks)

3. (a) Ways in which people show their appreciation of God as a source of life.
– Praying to God for good health, children, property, guidance and protection.
– Thanksgiving to God for his blessing e.g. harvest, rain, children, property, good health.
– Attributing success and other benefits received to God.
– Accepting that it is God who gives life and it is God who takes it away.
– Valuing and caring for own lives and for those who entrusted to them.
– Contributing constructively towards improving the lives of others and the community /
sharing what we have with others.
– Taking care of / improving and preserving the environment.
– Making use of our talents / skills / knowledge for the service of the community
(Any 8 points 8x1 = 8marks)

(b) Signs used by God to prove He is the true God of Israel during Elijah’s prophecy.
– The three years drought
– The rising of the widow’s son at Zarephath.
– The great storm that marked the end of the drought.
– The fire from heaven to burn the sacrifice at Mount Carmel.
– The destruction of the officers send to arrest Elijah.
– The feeding of Elijah by ravens at Brook Cherith.
– The miracle of the undiminishing flour and cooking oil.
– Elijah being provided with bread and water by the angle on his way to Mount Sinai.
– God appeared to Elijah at Mount Sinai in a still small voice.
(Any 9points 9x1 = 9marks)

(c) Attitudes when seeking God’s forgiveness.

– Accepting ones sinful state/mistakes / confess.
– Show remorsefulness / be repentant / sorrowful for the wrong done/contrite heart.
– Readiness and willingness to makeup for the wrong done.
– Willingness / readiness to forgive others.
– Determination not to repeat the mistakes.
– Readiness to change for the better.
– Humility before God.
– Faith in God/Trust that God will forgive and provide.
(Any 8 points - 8marks)

4. (a) How modern technology and economy changed the Traditional African Attitude to
work.
– Today there is change of roles. Duties which were done by men only are being done by
women and also duties which were done by women only are also being done by men.
– One’s talents are not fully utilised because of job specification.
– Today some people use machines to work for them as opposed to the idea that everyone was
a worker in Traditional African societies.

38
– In modern societies some people do not work but hey want to earn a living through begging,
stealing and playing games line gambling.
– Today people view work in terms of career which one gets into after formal education and
training while in Traditional African communities work was part and parcel of entire life
process. That is work began at youthful stage upto old age till one was too old to work.
– In Traditional African communities, the work one did was determined by age, sex and
inheritance but today the choice of the occupation one does is determined by the education
he ahs received.
– In Traditional Communities there was co-operation in work in modern society there is steep
competition which may lead to rivalry to earn living.
– In modern society work is meant to benefit and individual whilst in traditional African
communities work benefited the entire community.
– Unemployment was unheard of in traditional African communities because everyone was
employed but today it is a common problem.
– Today job inheritance is rare but in traditional African communities many jobs were
inherited from parents e.g. blacksmith, craftsmanship.
(Any 9 points 9x1 = 9marks)

(b) Why a Christian should work;

– To Christians work is a way of furthering the creation activity of God.
– Christians work because Paul said that those who do not work should not eat.
– Through work Christians avoid parasitic life.
– Through work Christians avoid idleness which leads to sin.
– Christians work to protect or take care of God’s creation.
– Through work a Christian can serve his community.
– In work a Christian provides for life requirements.
– Christians who work can share their incomes with the less fortunate members of the
community.
– It is necessary for a Christian to work because God blesses the hardwork. Ref. Psalms 128:1.
– Christians work because work was instituted by God during creation. God commanded
human beings must work. (Any 8 points 8x1 =8marks)

(c) Effects of alcoholism on career.

– Alcoholism affects one’s efficiency at work. Infact it reduces significantly.
– Alcoholism can easily lead to embezzle public funds which are entrusted to him.
– Alcoholism may have great risks in their career especially drivers cause accidents when they
drive under the influence of alcohol.
– A lot of money is spent on drinking at the expense of the basic necessities like food, shelter,
clothing.
– Drunkards may collide with fellow workmate hence affecting one’s career.
– Alcoholism affects the health of a person rendering one ineffective at work.
– Alcoholism may lead to break of one’s family and this adversely affects one’s performance
at work.
– Alcoholism may make one to absent himself from work.
(Any 8 points 8x1 =8marks)

5. (a) Why Christians accept suffering as part of discipleship in this world.

– Suffering is a necessary part of Christian life.
– Suffering brings eternal life and leads to rewards in heaven.
– Suffering brings salvation / redemption.
– Christ too suffered and Christians emulate him as their model.
39
 – Suffering is a sign of true commitment to Jesus.
– It trains a Christian in endurance
– It is a manifestation of Gods glory.
– It is permitted by God inorder to strengthen faith and develops endurance.
– Following Christ demands a life of self – denial or carrying the cross which in itself
involves suffering. Lk. 14: 15-33. (Max 12maks)

(b) Different ways, how Christians suffer for the sake of following Christ.
– Some are ridiculed and criticized because of their faith.
– Others are beaten to death e.g. Uganda martyrs
– Others say Christians go to church because they have fallen in love may be with the
leaders like pastors / priests e.t.c.
– Some young people have been denied education by their parents / chased from home
because they are Christians.
– Pastors have been accused of starting church on commercial basis instead of preaching
the right thing. (Max 8marks)

(c) Measures the government has taken to encourage the spread of Christianity.
– The government has allowed freedom of worship.
– Government has allowed different church organization to be sponsors of schools and
through this the message is spread to the pupils/students who in turn preach to their
parents.
– Government has allowed their own schools to have chaplains.
– Priests/pastors have been allowed to pray during national days (public holidays) before
the start of any functions, church choirs are also invited to participate during national
days as a way of spreading the gospel.
– The media has been allowed to spread the gospel (TV’s, Radios etc).
– Government also permits international preachers form other countries to come and
spread the gospel e.g. Bonke etc.
– Security has also been provided by the government during huge gatherings.
(Max. 5marks)

6. (a) The main duties of African elders and how they were chosen.
– They were highly respected leaders in the African societies.
– They solved ordinary disputes which arose and people had to accept their decisions as
blinding.
– They took leading part in religious functions since many communities did not possess
official priests.
– They led prayers to God, to the spirits and contacted the living dead of the communities.
– They prayed for peoples needs, especially for rain and thanked God in the name of all for
blessings received.
– Their being chosen depended on their age, social status and experience (these were their
qualifications.
– They were not elected but a suitable person was invited to become an elder.
– Some communities permitted women to become elders.
(Max. 16marks)

(b) Why different constituencies choose their own members of parliament.

– Each member of parliament is the leader for that constituency.
– He represents the interest of his people.

40
 – He listens the needs of the people and presents this to the parliament (he becomes the
spokesman for his people at the parliament since not everyone can go there).
– Participates in developing his constituency e.g. intems of conducting harambees for trees,
building schools etc.
– He is also the government representative in his constituency alongside with other officials.
(Max. 9marks)

CHRISTIAN RELIGIOUS ED. V

PAPER I

1. Write down five characteristics of a true prophet in the Bible. 5mks

2. List down five problems that Paul encountered as an apostle 5mks
3. Write down five achievements of King David as an Israelite King 5mks
4. Why were indigenous churches formed? Give five reasons 5mks
5. Why do some people choose to remain unmarried. 5mks
6. State five offences that were dealt with severely in African traditional societies. 5mks
7. Give five reasons why the Bible is referred to as the word of God and yet it was written
by human authors. 5mks
8. Mention five ways in which people can turn an agreement into a covenant. 5mks
9. Write down five reasons why the Exodus was important to the Israelites. 5mks
10. Give five factors which led to the coming of missionaries to East Africa. 5mks
11. Write five factors which Christians should consider in order to recognize their vocation. 5mks
12. Give five reasons you can cite in support of making C.R.E a compulsory subject in
Secondary Schools in Kenya. 5mks
13. Identify five characteristics of Gods covenant with Abraham 5mks
14. Identify five acts of King Ahab that Elijah condemned. 5mks
15. List five issues that were included in the letter that Jeremiah sent to the first exiles in
Babylon. 5mks
16. List five reasons that discourage victims from reporting rape cases. 5mks
17. List five reasons why most activities in T.A.S centre around the living dead. 5mks
18. State five teachings of Jesus on the role of the Holy Spirit. 5mks
19. Outline any five teachings of Peter on the day of the Pentecost. 5mks
20. State five reasons why John the Baptist is a link between the Old Testament and the
New Testament. 5mks

CHRISTIAN RELIGIOUS ED. V

PAPER I
MARKING SCHEME

1. Characteristics of a true prophet

- He stood for the covenant relationship with God
- Announced Gods judgement on sin without considering his own personal safety and
position.
- Made attempts to arouse the people to a sense of sin and to bring them to repentance inorder
to save them from the wrath of Yahweh
- Was called a sent by Yahweh / commissioned by him and acted as Yahwehs genuine
mouthpiece to proclaim what was communicated to him by God.
- He makes known Gods purpose to the people
- Did not accept payment for oracles
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 - Led an exemplary life morally upright and faithful to the covenant relationship with Yahweh
5mks
2. Problems that Paul encountered as an apostle.
- Was shipwrecked
- Had to travel long distances on foot
- Suffered from diseases
- Was imprisoned
- Disowned by his own family 5mks

3. Achievements of King David

- Led Israel to victory over her enemies
- Enlarged the kingdom and made it rich because the nations he conquered had to pay tribute
to Israel
- Made Jerusalem his capital city
- Brought the Ark of the covenant to Jerusalem and made it a religious capital
- United the nation of Israel
- Laid the foundation of a government by starting a civil service
- Composed many proverbs as well as hymns used in prayer books today
- Was always obedient to God hence found favour in Gods eyes. 5mks

4. Reasons why indigenous churches were formed.

- To worship in a way that was not influenced by Western (Christianity)
- Disagreement over leadership
- Disagreement over practices/ beliefs led particular groups to break away from existing
churches and set up theirs
- In remote areas small groups of believers formed their own churches having no conduct with
other Christians in the area
- Strong believers with gifts of preaching could attract others to join him to form separate
congregation. 5mks

5. Reasons why some people abstain from marriage

- To commit their lives to God
- Devotion to their job
- Due to medical grounds
- Some fear family responsibilities
- Fear of being led down / frustrated
- Search for independence
- Looking for Mr / Mrs Right
- Economic/ family dependencies 5mks

6. Offences that were dealt with severely in African traditional societies.

- Rape
- Murder
- Sorcery / witchcraft
- Adultery / Immorality
- Stealing 5mks

7. Reasons why the Bible is referred to as the word of God and yet it was written by human
authors.
- Where the books look like historical accounts the writers pay most attention to the way God
speaks through historical events.
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 - Where the authors occasionally describe the wonders of nature, they do so because they read
God’s word in it.
- Where the authors describe natural events and calamities, they do so because they see Gods
power at work in them.
- When they write wisdom, poetry or prophecy they do so with the thought that these words
come from God e.g. God said ………. Word of God came …………. Angel of the lord
said…………..
- There are stories of dreams, but they believe that God reveals things to people in dreams.
- What people think in their hearts or what they realize are their obligations are written up
because writers assume that God speaks in peoples hearts.
- Much of the new testament is concerned with the Good news of Jesus Christ, But only the
writers believe that he was Emmanuel ‘God with us’ They took Jesus words as Gods words.
- God inspired the authors, hence what is written is what God wanted.

8. Ways in which people can turn an agreement into a covenant.

- Make other people witnesses to the agreement eg they can put their signatures on the
document.
- By making the agreement in the presence of the highest authority of King, Chief, Pastor etc.
- By calling upon God or ancestors to be witnesses to the covenant.
- People swearing by God or their ancestors that they may be punished with death if they
violate the covenant.
- People putting up monuments or lasting signs of the making of the covenant e.g. written
documents, stone with signs or inscriptions, an alter or pillar.
- By making symbolic gestures which signify brother hood and which are easily remembered
e.g. eating together, embracing or shaking hands.
- Giving each other symbolic objects e.g. strings with knots tied in them, rings, cups from
which they have drunk together or exchange gifts.
- By shedding blood, it may be animal blood from which the parties share and each together.

9. Reasons why the Exodus was important to the Israelites.

- The Israelites never forgot how they escaped from slavery in Egypt.
- It taught the Israelites the power of their God who had done what he promised to do e.g. he
promised they would be sojourners in a foreign land and after that he was to rescue them.
- It taught them that their God, the God of their ancestors Abraham, Isaac was greater than all
gods worshipped by the Egyptians.
- They also accepted Moses as a prophet, their teacher, their provider.
- It taught them that their God was a provider e.g. provided them with food in the wilderness.
- It taught them that their God was their protector e.g. he protected them against their enemies
in the wilderness.

10. Factors which led to the coming of missionaries to East Africa.

- To convert the Africans to Christianity
- To staff schools and hospitals as a means of speeding up conversation.
- To ‘civilize’ the Africans.
- To stop slave trade
- To start legitimate trade.
- Others came as adventures and engaged in explorations.
- Others came to study the continent, her people and their language as well as their ways of
living.
- Others came to find permanent homes in Africa when life became too difficult in Europe.

43
11. Factors which Christians should consider inorder to recognize their vocation
- Our abilities and talents are given to us by God to use in his service
- Inclination or attraction to a certain kind of work.
- Opportunity, usually God will not call us to do opportunity, when an opportunity presents
itself it is regarded as coming from God.
- The needs of Church and society.
- A Christian should not take a Job that is incompatible with being a Christian.

12. Reasons for C.R.E as a compulsory subject.

- C.R.E. helps to explain some questions about life which science or myths have failed to
explain eg. Origin of life and destiny of man
- It helps students to develop positive attitudes and values that help people to cope with
various challenges of life
- It helps students to understand the oneness of human race, they have same creator, origin and
hence are children of God
- It helps students to know and appreciated the value of peace, respect and love for one
another as this is Gods will for mankind. These virtues help people to live harmoniously in
the society.
- Helps us to develop as spiritually and morally upright beings / helps in development of good
character.
- Makes students to have a vivid awareness of God and how he reveals himself to us through
personal experience. This is especially because of the use of life approach in the teaching of
C.R.E.
- Help people to respond to Gods teachings as we relate to others in the society

13. Characteristics of Gods covenant with Abraham.

- It was between to parties that is between God and Abraham
- Promises were made eg. I will make your name great
- There was a ceremony/ virtual / sacrifices. He sacrifices some animals and birds
- There were signs / symbols e.g countless stars, change of name.
- It had conditions.

14. Acts of King Ahab that Elijah condemned.

- Persecution and execution of Gods prophets
- Coveting Naboths vineyard
- Marriage to a foreign wife
- Bearing false witness against Naboth
- Murder of Naboth
- Allowing idolatry to thrive in Israel

15. Issues that were included in the letter that Jeremiah sent to the first exiles in Babylon.
- The letter encouraged the exilees
- He told them to accept exile as the punishment through which they would learnt o trust God
and turn to him.
- Told them not to rebel against the new rulers (Babylon’s)
- Told them that God would bring them back to their land and restore them.
- Told them to keep their religion
- He told them to farm and marry
- Told them not to listen to fortune tellers and false prophets.
44
16. Reasons that discourage victims form reporting rape cases.
- Victims fear of embarrassment when reporting cases to police
- Victims fear of publicity which might affect them socially
- Victims fear traumatic court proceeding which at times are worse than rape experience itself
- In most cases police are men and don’t take rape cases seriously
- Court proceeding are very expensive
- Intimidation by rapists especially when victims are minors
- Sometimes the culprits are released for lack of evidence especially when cases are not
immediately reported.
- Sometimes culprits are given such linient punishment that victims feel it is not worth the
embarrassment and publicity.

17. Why most activities in T.A.S centres around the living dead.
- They are part of the living family
- According to the African hierarchy of beings based on principal of seniority living dead are
considered parts of their family members hence deserve respect from the junior members of
the society.
- They are believed to be nearer to God than the living members of the family therefore act as
intermediaries between God and Man.
- They are believed that they protect people from bad omen during rites of passage like
initiation, marriage, death etc.
- They are believed that they know causes of problems such as sickness in families hence are
consulted to offer solution whenever such problems occurred.
- Living dead are believed to take interest or economic matters of their families and hence are
consulted to offer solutions whenever there are economic hardships affecting agriculture and
wealth.
- Believed to take care of day to day life of the living relatives.

18. Teaching of Jesus on the role of Holy Spirit.

- It gives people power to witness
- Would help and explain all that Jesus had taught
- The holy spirit is a helper who would stay with us forever
- It will reveal the truth about God
- Would give Jesus glory as he would take what Jesus says and tell it to us
- Will make people be filled with power and act as his witness
- The holy spirit will speak of what he hears and tell us of the things to come
- He will not speak of his own authority.

19. Teachings of Peter in the Pentecost.

- He appeals and quote the O. T text eg. Prophet Joel showing that God had sent holy spirit
- That the Jews had rejected Jesus and crucified him
- God proved his power over evil and sin by raising Christ form death
- The evidence of Jesus well known ministry of grace and power
- He appealed to the O.T text / prophecy to prove that Jesus was the Messiah
- Peter talked of the continuing possibility of blessings for the Israelites who would repent and
believe
- Stresses on faith, Jesus grace and power over evil spirit
- That it was Gods plan for Jesus to die for the salvation of mankind.

45
20. Reasons why John the Baptist is a link between the Old testament and the New testament.
- John had been given a new revelation by God making him a link
- John was comparable for Elijah whose return was expected before the great and terrible day
of the lord come.
- He had been chosen by God to be the messenger of God himself, coming into the world in
Jesus Christ
- John was destined to be a Nazarite, from the beginning like O.T prophets
- John was to prepare the country of the kingdom of Christ and he proved to be aware of this
“repent for his kingdom of Itearen is at haul.
- The birth story of John echoes the birth story of O.T character as Isaac, Jacob, Samwel
- John like Isaac, Jacob, Samwel was instrumental in the salvation history of Israel
- John fulfils the O.T prophecy as the forerunner of Christ.

CHRISTIAN RELIGIOUS ED. V

PAPER II

1. a) Explain why Christians accept suffering as part of discipleship in this world. 12mks
b) Mention different ways, how Christians suffer for the sake of following Christ. 8mks
c) What measures has the government taken to encourage the spread of Christianity. 5mks

2. a) Describe Ezekiels strange actions which he was told to do by God and their
significance. 16mks
b) What was the work of an African prophet? 9mks

3. a) Explain the factors that have affected the traditional African responsibilities to God
spirits and ancestors. 14mks
b) What problems do contemporary parents encounter in guiding and counselling their
children. 11mks

4. a) What unfair social practices did prophet Amos condemn in his mission to the Northern
kingdom. 10mks
b) What is the New Testament teaching on justice and social responsibility. 10mks
c) Which unfair practices still take place in our country today that Amos would have
condemned. 5mks

5. a) Explain practices, which guarded an individual against any form of discrimination in

T.A.S. 8mks
b) What roles were played by the ancestors to the living in A.T.S. 9mks
c) How did African Traditional Religion prepare them for Christianity. 8mks

46
CHRISTIAN RELIGIOUS ED. V
PAPER II
MARKING SCHEME

1. a) Why Christians accept suffering as part of discipleship in this world.

- Suffering is a necessary part of Christian life.
- Suffering brings eternal life and leads to rewards in heaven.
- Suffering brings salvation/redemption
- Christ too suffered and Christians emulate him as their model
- Suffering is a sign of true commitment to Jesus.
- It trains a Christian in endurance
- It is a manifestation of Gods glory
- It is permitted by God in order to strengthen faith and develops endurance.
- Following Christ demands a life of self-denial or carrying the cross which in itself involves
suffering. Lk 14:15-33 (max 12 marks)

(b) How Christians suffer for the sake of following Christ.

- Some are ridiculed and criticized because of their faith.
- Others are beaten to death e.g. Uganda martyrs
- Others say Christians go to Church because they have fallen in love may be with
the leaders like pastors/priests etc.
- Some young people have been denied education by their parents/chased from home
because they are Christians.
- Pastors have been accused of starting Church on commercial basis instead of preaching
the right thing. (max 8 marks)

(c) Measures which the government taken to encourage the spread of Christianity.
- The government has allowed freedom of worship
- Government has allowed different Church organization to be sponsors of schools and
through this the message is spread to the pupils/ students who in turn preach to their
parents.
- Government has allowed their own schools to have chaplains
- Priests/Pastors have been allowed to pray during national days (public holidays) before the
start of any functions, Church choirs are also invited to participate during national days as a
way of spreading the gospel.
- The media has been allowed to spread the gospel (TV’s, Radios etc)
- Government also permits International preachers form other countries to come and spread
the gospel e.g. Bonke etc.
- Security has also been provided by the government during huge gatherings.
(max 5 marks)

2. Describe Ezekiels strange actions which he was told to do by God and their significance
- He shut himself up in his house, tied himself with ropes, and was dumb.
This signified he would do nothing and say nothing without Gods authority. It also
showed he was Gods spokesman and spoke only when God allowed him to.
- He drew a diagram representing Jerusalem and the siege that would soon take place.
- He put an iron plate representing the iron strength of the Babylonian army between
himself and his diagram which was drawn on a clay brick.
- He looked at the diagram and shook his fist at it to represent Gods anger against the city.
47
 - He lay on each side in turn for periods representing the exiles of the people of the
Northern Kingdom, taken away many years before by the Assyrians, and the people of
Judah taken away by the Babylonians.
- He ate very little food each day to show how the people of Jerusalem would suffer hunger
when the Babylonians attacked their City.
- He was commanded by God to tremble when eating and drinking to signify how the
people left in Jerusalem would shake with fear when the Babylonians attacked.
- God told him to pack a small bag, such as a refugee would carry when he was forced to
leave his home – this was to signify the second deportation of 587 Bc when the remaining
Israelites in Judah would be forced to go to Babylon to Join the exiles already there.
(max 16 marks)
(b) The work of an African prophet
- They spoke warnings but frequently in a language the people did not understand.
- Other times they told the people what God wished them to do.
- Other times they warned people of forthcoming famine and urged people to store some
food so as to minimize starvation.
- They explained that disasters like locusts were Gods Judgement on the people.
- At times they tried to discover what it was that had caused God to be angry and how a
forthcoming disaster could be avoided. (max 9 marks)

3. a) Factors that have affected the traditional African responsibilities to God spirits and
ancestors.
- Money economy ie success depends on money/ wealth
- Science & technology ie relying on interpretation of catastrophes and epidermics etc.
- Witchcraft
- Worship of power
- Christianity and its teachings
- Western cultures
- Western education
- Fame/ heroworship
- Competition among people in all fields ie business.
Any 7pts x 2mks = 14mks

d) Problems parents encounter in guiding and counselling their children.

- Influence of modern education
- Different religious denominations and traditions.
- Lack of forums for parents and their children for teaching traditional values.
- The school system
- Pluralism exposure to other cultures/ lifestyles
- Differences in traditional and Christian teachings
- Ignorance of some parents differences of beliefs / traditions of educators
- Intermarriages
- Freedom of worship in the country
- Influence of mass media
- Money economy and salaried employment
- Urbanization
- Changing roles in leadership patterns
- Communication barriers between the youth and parents
Any 11pts x 1 = 11mks

48
4. a) Unfair social practices which prophet Amos condemn in his mission to the Northern
kingdom.
- Oppression and exploitation of the poor by the rich
- Social injustices and luxury
- Disorder and unfair practices like harshness
- Borrowing at high rates of profit (interests)
- Wealth derived form salve labour
- Exorbitant rents imposed by the rich on the poor.
- Reacted violently against the social structure
- Evil drinking acts of his people
- Violence and idol worship
- Exerssive pride by the rich
- Prostitution. Any 10 points 1 mk each = 10mks

b) New Testament teaching on justice and social responsibility.

- Preaching of good news to the poor
- Proclaiming relief to the captives
- Settling the oppressed free Luke 1: 77 – 79
- Condemning the rich keep the wages of their labourers by Fraud James 7.
- Tax collectors should not collect more than necessary Luke 10 : 12.
- Soldiers were advised to be content with their wages Luke 3: 14
- The apostles collected their property and distributed to the poor sheared their meals
- Do not rob by violence and false accusations
- Being content with what we have
- Performing merciful activities
- Feeding of 5000 people by Jesus
- The beatitudes
- Condemnation of immoral behaviour e.g king Herod and Herodia
- Living honest life like John the Baptist, Paul etc
Any 5 well explained points 2 marks each = 10mks

c) Unfair practices still take place in our country today that Amos would have condemned.
- Selling debtors property for loans
- Oppressing of the poor and the weak at law courts
- Corruption in law courts, civil service eg. Lands office
- Exploitation of the unemployed by the rich eg. Low wages, child labour, barmaids,
housemaids. Etc
- Bribery in the offices and at exits form the country and at entry points to the country
- Cheating at businesses e.g selling worthless goods and high prices
- Prostitution.

5. Practices which guarded an individual against any form of discrimination in T.A.S.

- Communal work
- Division of labour
- Common religious beliefs
- Fear of curses
- Communal sense of living
- Sense of communal ownership of property
- Common customs (norms) and taboos

49
 - Sense of communal shearing
- Fear of punishment form God (Spirits) or ancestors
- Age-set systems ensured protection for all. 1 x 8 = 8mks

b) Roles of Ancestors to the living in A.T.S.

- Punishing the offenders
- Interceding for them to God/ Acting as mediators between the living and God.
- Answering questions
- Protecting the living
- Regulating behaviours
- Giving solutions to problems
- Informing the living of misfortunes through mediums
- Visiting the living as part of leisure
- Safeguarding the traditional and ethic family affairs
- Encouraging and strengthening initiates during circumcision
- Guiding the living on their daily activities
- Acting as members of the living families
- A reservour of names to be given to children
- Accepting and receiving sacrifices / offerings libations given by communities.
Any 9 points 1 mk each = 9mks

c) Ways in which T.A Religion prepared the Africans for Christianity.

- Seeking forgiveness from God
- Belief in a supernatural God
- Moral values
- Belief in life after death
- Belief in God as creator / powerful / living / just/ provide / merciful
- Belief in reward and punishment for righteousness and sin respectively.
- Special clothing for religious specialists
- Religious leaders (objects) places
- The idea of prophets and property
- Belief in spirits and ancestors (living dead) saints
- Religious rituals eg. Offerings / sacrifices/ prayers / religious songs.
Any 8 points 1 mk each = 8mks

CHRISTIAN RELIGIOUS ED. VI

PAPER I

1. Give five reasons why the bible is important to Christians. 5mks

2. Give five reasons to support the view that the bible is a library. 5mks
3. Identify five problems that Abraham encountered in his life. 5mks
4. List five of the judgements which came upon the Egyptians during the confrontation
between Moses and the Pharoah. 5mks
5. What five lessons can a Christian learn from the parable of the wheat and tyres? 5mks
6. What five qualities would make one to be recognized as an apostle during the apostolic age?
5mks
7. Identify five reasons which made the early Christian missionaries in Kenya to value the
African converts? 5mks

50
8. What five questions would a C.R.E. teacher expect from form II students the topic on
sexuality.? 5mks
9. List five requirements for a stable, loving and lasting relationships in a family. 5mks
10. Explain five ways in which the churches contribute to the social and economic development
in Kenya. 5mks
11. Identify five unfair practices that still take place in our country which Amos would
condemn. 5mks
12. Explain five symbolic actions of prophet Ezekiel. 5mks
13. State five teachings of Paul on the gifts of the holy spirit. 5mks
14. State five duties of the living towards the ancestors in T.A.S. 5mks
15. What qualities are expected from Christians as Gods people? 5mks
16. Give five ways in which the gap between the poor and the rich was minimized in T.A.S.
5mks
17. What five important virtues a Christian should exercise in whatever work they do? 5mks
18. What five effects do illegal brews have on the society? 5mks
19. In the light of frequent strikes and boycotts among workers in the Kenyan Society today,
what five recommendations would you give to the employers regarding the relationship with
the employees? 5mks
20. In what five ways can modern leaders in Kenya promote peace? 5mks

CHRISTIAN RELIGIOUS ED. VI

PAPER I
MARKING SCHEME

1. Reasons why the bible is important to Christians.

- Christians speak to God through the bible
- Christians believe that God speaks to them through the bible/ God made His will known to
mankind through the bible
- The bible guides Christians in their worship
- The bible guides Christians in their day living since it gives moral teachings and is able to
discern right and wrong
- The bible shows Christians what sin and how to avoid sin
- The bible gives explanation to events hence answers questions that mankind has always
asked e.g where did the world come from?
- Gives hope and encouragement to Christians
- The bible unites Christians since it is a common book read by all the Christians
- Bible helps Christians to acquire some social and moral values.
- Helps Christians to reflect and apply the teaching in their day to day lives.

2. Reasons to support the view that the bible is a library.

- The bible contains many books
- The books were written by different authors
- The books of the bible were written at different times of history
- The themes of the books of the bible are different because they were written under different
circumstances and for different reasons
- The books are arranged in a definite / orderly manner eg. Old testament and new Testament,
also Genesis – Rev.
- The books are meant for different audience/ readers
51
 - Books are written in different stylists devices
- Books are written in many languages

3. Problems that Abraham encountered in his life.

- Departure from familiar Harrah to unknown Canaan
- Long journey though harsh climate
- Doubts as to whether God would still fulfil the promises he had made to him/ wondered
whether God would fulfil the promises
- Childlessness for a very long time. Not until the age of 100 years when he became a father
of Isaac.
- Threat of the Egyptian wanting to take his wife Sarah to an extent of forcing him to cheat
that Sarah was his sister.
- Harsh climate in Canaan which forced him to migrate to Egypt / famine a common problem
in Canaan such that he became nomadic.
- Temptation to sacrifice his only son Isaac.

4. Judgements which came upon the Egyptians during the confrontation between Moses and
the Pharoah.
- Blood
- Frogs
- Biting insects
- Flies
- Livestock pestilence
- Boils
- Hail
- Locusts
- Darkness
- Death of the first born

5. Lessons a Christian can learn from the parable of the wheat and tyres
- Christians learn that there are good and bad ones in the world and they must live together
- The evil and the good people will be separated / sorted out although it will be delayed.
- There will be the last day of judgement
- The good / righteous will receive Gods blessings and rewards.
- The righteous will live in happiness and receive eternal life
- The weakened will be punished / be condemned eternally
- There is devil in the world who is the prince of darkness and he is responsible for making
men evil or weakened.
- The present age will come to an end
- Christians ought to sort themselves out now for the kingdom defines the judgement and the
end of the present day.

6. Qualities which makes one to be recognized as an apostle during the apostolic age
- One had to have been with Christ during his public ministry.
- One who saw the lord after the resurrection
- One who ought to have been appointed and sent by Christ like the twelve apostles
- One who was called to bear the suffering of Jesus Christ like Paul
- One who had special revelation and commissioned to preach to the Gentiles eg. Paul
- One who was able to perform miracles eg apostles Peter, and Paul.
- One who was commissioned by a particular church to go and participate in the mission of
witnesses Christ eg. Paul and Barnabas.
52
7. Reasons which made the early Christian missionaries in Kenya to value the African
converts
- They (Africans) helped the missionaries to learn the African languages inorder to effectively
preach to them.
- Africans provided information concerning the interior to the missionaries hence they learnt
about the local people, routes and conditions even long before they went there.
- Africans converts who were rulers offered protection and land to the missionaries where they
settled and set up mission station.
- African converts acted as teachers and catechist hence helped the missionaries in their
educational and evangelization work.
- Africans acted as porters, interpreters and guides of the missionaries hence facilitated their
movement.
- Converts put the Christians way of life into practice hence helped the others to believe the
gospel and become converted.
- They provided labour in the construction of churches
- They gave materials such as food to the missionaries.

8. Questions would a C.R.E. teacher expect from form II students the topic on sexuality.
- What is the purpose of sexuality
- What do Christians teach on sexuality.
- What is the traditional African understanding of human sexuality?
- How do male and female relate at various social levels?
- What responsible sexual behaviour are expected in male and female relationship?
- What are the various types of irresponsible sexual behaviours?
- What are the effects of irresponsible sexual behaviours
- What is aids what are the causes, symptoms, effects and solutions?
- Why should sex wait till marriage?

9. Requirements for a stable, loving and lasting relationships in a family.

- Mutual respect is important especially between husband and wife.
- A wife should love her husband and children just like the husband should love his wife and
children
- There should be kindness among all the members of the families
- There should be understanding between members of the family. Parents and children and
vice versa.
- There should be faithfulness and chastity in the relationship between husband and wife.
- Children should obey and respect their parents
- All the members should cooperate in everything they do so as to improve family life.

10. Ways in which the churches contribute to the social and economic development in Kenya.
- By talking about matters of social justice / condemning social injustices
- Give moral guidance hence people live orderly
- Offer medical services by opening up hospitals
- Offer educational services by establishing some schools
- Give relief food to the needy
- Help the orphans and the poor members of the society
- Christians contribute in harambees for national building
- Christians offer counselling and guidance services hence the beneficiaries are able to adjust
to.
- Christians give rehabilitation skills eg. Carpentry masonry which are useful in national
development.
53
11. Unfair practices that still take place in our country which Amos would condemn.
- Underpayment of the poor by the rich
- Luxurious living by the rich at the expense of the poor
- Over charging the poor
- Social injustices / over taxation of the poor
- Corruption / bribery in courts
- Oppression and exploitation
- Traders using false balances
- High prices of goods
- Blackmailing and swindling of innocent people.

12. Symbolic actions of prophet Ezekiel.

- Ezekiel ate a roll of manuscript meaning that prophesies were put in him and his prophetic
work became part of his body
- He drew the map of Jerusalem under siege to show that the enemy would attack the city of
Jerusalem.
- He rationed his food as he laid on his side to indicate the number of days Israel and Judah
would be punished
- He rationed food as he laid on his side. This showed the hardship of the coming siege.
- He separated his hair into three. This suggested the fear in the coming siege of Jerusalem
- He ate food in a hurry - Suggested the fear in the coming siege of Jerusalem
- He failed to mourn

13. Teachings of Paul on the gifts of the holy spirit.

- All gifts are equal since they come from the same spirit / non of the gift is superior
- All gifts of the holy spirit should be used for the benefit of the Christian community
- Love is the greatest of the gifts of the holy spirit
- Spiritual gifts are to be used in an orderly manner
- He compares the gifts with different parts of the body hence must work in unity.
- The gift of tongues should be supplemented by the gifts of interpreting tongues/ The gift of
tongue is not necessarily superior.

14. Duties of the living towards the ancestors in T.A.S.

- To uphold a strong moral code and ethics / to behave well and follow the morals and ethics
- They sacrificed to the ancestors
- They offered to the ancestors / pouring down libation / venerating ancestors.
- They remembered by naming children after them
- They buried them with honour / accorded them proper burial rites and ceremonies.

15. Qualities expected from Christians as Gods people

- They have total commitment to God
- They should love God and others as they love themselves
- They should have faith in God/ should trust God
- They should be righteous/ morally upright
- They ought to be helpful to others
- They should be holy
- They be kind / generous to others
- Should be forgiving
- Should be honesty
- Should be prayerful

54
16. Ways in which the gap between the poor and the rich was minimized in T.A.S.
- Land was communally owned
- Social functions eg. Marriage were supported by the community hence even the poor could
marry
- Inheritance matters were fairly sorted out whereby wealth was fairly distributed to the
members of the family
- The rich could assist those who were poor / they could even give them land to settle.
- The elders ensured that all members of the family were taken care of.

17. Important virtues should Christian exercise in whatever work they do

- Industrious
- Diligence
- Honesty
- Perseverance
- Respect
- Self discipline.

18. Effects of illegal brews have on the society

- They can cause death especially because some of them are lethal.
- They can cause family breakages / divorce or separation
- It can result to irresponsibility where parents don’t take care of their families particularly
children who suffer.
- Result to poverty as people spend of their time making the brews
- Result the immorality like sexual abuse
- Result to fighting’s and quarrels
- Can result to poor health

19. Recommendations to the employers regarding the relationship with their employees
- To ensure that the employees receive fair and just wage
- To provide and maintain favourable working conditions.
- To motivate their employees inorder to encourage them to work
- To be honest and of practice good will
- To give time off for leisure
- To avoid oppression and exploitation eg sexual exploitation
- To allow employee to form trade unions to air the grievances / to guarantee freedom of
expression and association.
- To give fair packages to retired or dismissed workers.
- To recognise their worth or dignity as individual human beings
- To motivate them by being kind/ talking to them
- To give them skills through training.

20. Ways how modern leaders in Kenya promote peace

- They should be role models / no fighting or quarrels between them
- They should preach peace and not war / avoid utterances that can disrupt peace
- They should rule according to the rule of the law or according to the constitution / should
respect democracy.
- They should ensure that factors that threaten national peace are discouraged.
- They should offer sporting facilities to young people to discourage idleness
- The leaders should offer jobs to the young people whose idleness can cause chaos / other
opportunities
- They should urge churches to preach peace and also to pray for peace
55
 - They should involve themselves in peace making between warring parties
- Should encourage fair distribution of wealth / should discourage social inequalities.
- Encourage international peace / promote international peace/ support international peace
initiatives.

CHRISTIAN RELIGIOUS ED. VI

PAPER II

1. a) Explain how Gods promises to Abraham depended on his faith. 10mks

b) Explain why the Israelites lost their faith in God when Moses went up the mountain to
get the ten commandments. 8mks
c) What is the importance of faith to a Christian? 7mks

2. a) Explain five well known covenants between God and man in the Old Testament 10mks
b) Why is marriage described as a covenant? 10mks
c) Identify five occasions when solemn promises are made in Kenya today. 5mks

3. a) Explain six factors that led to the expansion of the church during the apostolic age. 12mks
b) What contribution did apostle Paul make in the spread of the church?. 7mks
c) List five factors which have facilitated the spread of Christianity in Kenya in the
21st Century. 6mks

4. a) What were the characteristics of biblical prophets?. 9mks

b) How did God give his message to his prophets? 7mks
c) What lessons can a Christian learn from the call of prophet Jeremiah? 9mks

5. a) Discuss the Old Testament teachings on wealth. 9mks

b) State ways in which you would advice a Christian in Kenya today to use his wealth?
7mks
c) Discuss ways in which people misuse their wealth. 9mks

6. a) What was done in traditional African society to safeguard marriage? 10mks

b) What factors are threatening modern marriages in Kenya.? 8mks
c) What advice can a Christian give to a young couple? 7mks

CHRISTIAN RELIGIOUS ED. VI

PAPER I
MARKING SCHEME

1. a) How Gods promises to Abraham depended on his faith.

- He would give them the land of Canaan he had to believe God because he had just arrived in
Canaan and was landless.
- His name would be great. He was unknown and did not have a big family, he had to have
faith to believe that his name would be great
- He would be father of a great nation. This seemed humanly impossible for he was already
75 years old with only one wife and no children.

56
 - He would get a son. He was old and his wife Sarah was old too. By faith Sarah conceived /
Abraham believed that Sarah would conceive.
- God would bless him and make him a source of blessing to others this did not look possible
without faith because his life at the beginning did not manifest blessings, in any case the
birth of Jesus who fulfilled this promise took place centuries later.
- God would make a covenant between himself and Abraham without faith he could not
understand how God would want to be his friend or to get close to him and make a covenant
with him. Any 5 @ 2mks = 10mks

b) Why the Israelites lost their faith in God when Moses went up the mountain to get the
ten commandments.
- They had experience of making Idol in Egypt so they knew how to make the calf they made.
- They were left with a weak leader Aaron who unlike Moses gave in to their demand for
making Idols.
- They wanted a God they would touch and see unlike Yahweh who was unseen
- They thought Moses was no more after he delayed in the wilderness where he stayed for
forty days.
- The lost faith in God and the teachings that Moses had given them. They had not grasped
the teachings of Moses. Any 4 @ 2 = 8mks

c) The importance of faith to a Christian.

- Faith enables a Christian to please God / without faith it is impossible to please God / faith
enables Christians to serve God and even obey him.
- Faith makes Christians to take risks after all there is nothing to loose.
- Faith makes Christians to be bold and shameless, they develop faith in what they say. They
are confident in what they say.
- Faith endures – Christians endures many things because of faith.
- Faith makes people to learn to depend on God.
- Faith gives hope to Christians, they have hope in achieving eternal life.
- Faith makes Christians never to doubt God / to trust God for he fulfils promises in his own
good time.
- Faith is the foundation of Christian salvation / Christians are justified and accepted by God
because of faith.
- Faith helps a Christian to overcome all temptations and evil.
1 x 7 = 7mks

2. a) Covenants between God and man in the Old Testament

- The covenant between God and Noah. After floods, God promised to preserve man from
such destruction.
- The covenant between God and Abraham. To confirm to Abraham that the promises made
would be attainable. It was made when Abraham was already in Canaan God promised
protection and reward.
- The covenant between God and the Israelites at Mt. Sinai. The Israelites through Moses as a
priest and mediator became people of God. God promised “ I will be your God and you will
be my people among all the nations of the world
- God’s covenant with king David. God made a covenant with David and promised an
everlasting dynasty. It was fulfilled through the birth of Christ.
- The new covenant foreseen by Jeremiah, a better covenant between God and the new
Israelites – all the people of the world - The ideas in the new covenant are different from the
old one. Any 5 @ 2mks = 10mks

57
 b) Why marriage is described as a covenant
- It has a ceremony - In modern marriages there are weddings
- It has symbols / signs - Those symbols like rings, certificate , animals for dowry.
- It is a solemn agreement between two parties ie between a man and a woman / Two parties
come together and a relationship is developed.
- There are promises made. The two promise to remain married till death / promise to be loyal
for the rest of their lives/ Taking vows.
- There are obligations. Each party is supposed to fulfil some obligations if marriage is to
last.
- There are witnesses called upon - Usually closest friends in modern society or members of
the community in the traditional society. Any 5 @ 2mks = 10mks

c) Occasions when solemn promises are made in Kenya today.

- During marriage
- During Baptism in church
- When leaders are taking over public offices / swearing in ceremony by members of
parliament whereby they promise to be obedient
- When church leaders are being sworn in
- When somebody is buying or selling land
- When people want to be trading partners. Any @ 5 1mk = 5mks

3. a) Factors that led to the expansion of the church during the apostolic age.
- The holy spirit. Since the day of Pentecost the apostles were guided by the holy spirit which
gave them great courage and enabled them to work together hence the church expanded.
- The conversion of the first 3,000 converts on the day of Pentecost. They provoked some
people who felt challenged and eventually became Christians.
- The miracles performed by the apostles eg. Healing, raising provided unique attraction and
concern for man who could not consequently resist the urge to become Christians.
- The faith and commitment to the gospel shown by the early apostles like Paul enabled them
to preach and teach many people who eventually became Christians.
- The Pax Romana (peace of Rome) period which created peace and stability and facilitated
the movement of early Christians.
- The use of Greek as Lingua Franca (main or official language / in the areas conquered by the
Romana enabled the apostles to easily communicate and urge people to accept Christianity
through writing and use of missionary journeys which they exploited to preach to people.
- The freedom of worship provided by the Romans. The Romans protected the Jewish by
their laws. They took advantage and spread Christianity although it didn’t take very long for
the Romans to realize that Christianity was a new religion.
- The Romans granted Roman citizenship hence apostles acquired it and were free to move all
over the land spreading the good news.
- The persecution, the blood of the matyrs fertilised Christianity. People admired their
readiness to die for faith and hence many joined the faith attracted by the faith and courage
of the matyrs.
- Good means of transport and communication build by the Romans for conquests and trade
but utilized by the Christians as they moved from one region to another spreading the good
news.
- The boring Roman emperor worship – made people to yearn for something more fulfilling
and Christianity filled this gap or quenched their thirst.
- The establishment of Jewish communities or Diaspora. The communities welcomed,
supported and provided congregation to the early apostles whenever they went to preach.
Any 6 @ 2mks = 12mks
58
 b) Contribution made by apostle Paul in the spread of the church.
- He made three main missionary journey and managed to cover big areas where he spread the
gospel such as Antioch, Asia minor
- Paul performed miracles eg. When they were imprisoned with Silas and the doors of prison
opened after prayers. The miracle was heard by many who became converts.
- Paul preached among the gentiles with whom he found favour and converted so many of
them into Christianity.
- The conversion of Paul from a persecutor to an apostle, some of his friends joined him and
the church enjoyed peace for it was now abit free from persecution hence it developed.
- He solved problems in various churches he had founded hence avoided conflicts which could
have threatened the existence of the church.
- He encouraged the believers hence they didn’t give up even when faced with persecutions.
- He wrote many letters hence encouraged people to keep their faith even after he was gone.
- He preached against idol worship especially in Athens with the destruction of idols
Christianity replaced them
- He founded many Christian communities eg in Corinth, Thesalonica, Philip.
Any 7 @ 1mk = 7mks

c) Factors facilitating the spread of Christianity in Kenya in the 21st Century.

- Freedom of worship which is guaranteed in the Kenyan constitution provided the fact that
the church does not involve itself in subversive activities.
- Rise of so many denominations. Kenyans have an opportunity to attend churches and listen
to the world.
- Literacy: Most Kenyans are able to read the bible for themselves, hence easily understand
and accept the good news.
- Political Support – Politicians tolerate Christianity and give it moral and financial support,
eg they conduct harambees and raise money to build churches.
- Foreign evangelist / missionaries who have convened conferences and crusades which attract
several people eg. Bonke.
- The media preaching on T.vs and Radios by evangelists like John Haques emergence or
religious channels like family T.V channel have also given an opportunity to many people to
become Christians.
- Spiritual thirst - people are hungry for the gospel and therefore many go to churches for
spiritual nourishment. Any 6pts @ 1mk = 6mks

4. a) Characteristics of biblical prophets.

- They were called by God and acted for him / they were Gods mouth piece / spokesmen.
- They were holy men and had Gods experience in a holy way / They revealed Gods power
and holiness.
- They lived what they preached / their lives reflected what they preached and stood for.
- They spoke in Gods authority and power / were confident, fearless and ready to take risks
- They mostly prophesied doom which was a consequence of peoples unfaithfulness
- They performed symbolic actions to portray their message
- They challenged sinners and called upon them to repent their sins and change their evil
ways.
- They maintained covenant way of life and lined by it and called upon their listeners to do so.
- They made sure that they portrayed the message as from God “Thus says the lord”
- They were charismatic. Any 9pts @ 1mk = 9mks

59
 b) God gave his message to his prophets
- Through visions eg Amos, Jeremiah, Isaiah
- Through dreams
- Through dialogue or conversation with God
- Through the use of objects or signs
- Through the events of history
- Through compelling power / The word of God was heard through the mind of the prophet.
- Through symbolic actions. Any 7pts @ 1mk = 7mks

c) Lessons Christians learn from the call of prophet Jeremiah

- God is all mighty / all powerful
- God chooses who to send
- God protects his people
- God is holy
- God is loving
- Gods knows Christians even before we are born
- Christians should respond to Gods call
- God chooses Christians regardless of their limitations.
- Christians must do Gods will. 1 x 9 = 9mks

5. a) Old Testament teachings on wealth.

- The wise should not struggle for wealth – proverbs
- The wiseman should glorify God rather than his riches in the wrong way Jeremiah 7:11
- There is no profit for the man who gets riches in the wrong way. Jere. 7 :11
- It is better to have a little and be righteous than to have plenty and be wicked. Psalms 37 :
16
- Wealth can make man greedy eg. King Solomon
- Wealth should not be obtained through unjust means eg. King Ahab and Jezebel.
- The rich should not mistreat the poor or accumulate too much – Teachings of the prophets.
- God punishes those who misuse wealth – teachings of the prophets.
- Wealth is good and a blessing / material goods are to be recognised as God’s gifts which to
human beings for their rightful use in communion to others.
- A rich mans wealth is his strong city and like a high wall protecting him – Proverbs 18
- The richman has a duty to maintain the rights of the poor and the needy proverbs 31 : 9,
without using money to promote his selfish end.
- To gain wealth wrongly and use it selfishly are both sins against God.
1 x 9 = 9mks

b) Ways to advice a Christian in Kenya today to use his wealth

- To cater for the needs of his family
- To provide social services especially to the needy eg medical facilities and educational
facilities.
- To provide training eg to the prisoners and other disadvantaged members of the society eg
Christian training institutions where such people can be given skills.
- To finance the spread of the gospel
- To pay taxes to the government - it is the duty of a Christian to support the government of
the day financially.
- To give alms to the poor especially the beggars in the streets.
- To tithe and give offering to the church
- To give relief in areas where there is scarcity of food caused by wars or drought or other
natural calamities. 1 x 7 = 7mks.
60
 c) Ways which people misuse their wealth.
- To cater for the needs of his family
- To provide social services especially to the needy e.g Medical facilities and educational
facilities.
- To provide training eg to the prisoners and other disadvantaged members of the society eg
Christian training institutions where such people can be given skills.
- The finance the spread of the gospel
- To pay taxes to the government. It is the duty of a Christian to support the government of
the day financially.
- To give alms to the poor especially the beggars in the streets
- To tithe and give offering to the church.
- To give relief in areas where there is scarcity of food caused by wars or drought or other
natural calamities. 1 x 7 = 7mks

6. a) Ways to safeguard marriage in the traditional African society

- Young people were given education on marriage immediately after initiation. This meant
that they were prepared for problems that eventually break most marriages.
- Polygamy was allowed: This ensured that the first wife would not be divorced even if there
were problems with the husband; the husband would just marry the second one.
- Long separation was avoided. This is because there was no wage labour which would cause
such a separation.
- Conflicts between husbands and their wives were solved by a council of elders. This
ensured that they did not degenerate to cause divorce.
- Virginity and moral uprightness were stressed on during courting and marriage. This meant
that it was rare to marry people of questionable moral integrity as it would wreck their
marriage because of unfaithfulness.
- Divorce was discouraged. A divorce could only marry as a second wife and besides when
she was treated like a social outcast. This made people to want to preserve their marriages
at all cost.
- Roles of men and women were clearly defined conflicts were consequently reduced.
- Bride price was paid hence divorce would have meant returning the dowry.
- Long period of courtship gave couples and opportunity to learn each other.
2 x 5 = 10mks

b) Factors threatening modern marriages in Kenya.

- Financial factors, too much or lack of money may cause problems
- Separation as a result of partners migrating to towns new countries, for studies hence
temptations to be unfaithful
- Unfaithfulness among couples.
- Differences in education creates superiority or inferiority complex among the youth
- Childlessness may create dissatisfaction among the couple
- In – laws can interfere with the couple
- Family planning issues eg number and sex of children one has or intends to have.
- Women liberation movements have led to misunderstanding in families
- Sexual incompatibility hence marriage life can be incomplete and empty.
- Drug abuse especially alcohol. 2 x 4 = 8mks

c) Advice can a Christian give to a young couple

- Advice them on family planning issue
- Advice them on childlessness
- Advice them on unfaithfulness and its impact in marriage.
61
- Advice them against divorce or separation – what God has joined together let no man
separate
- Advice them on virtues like love, commitments and honesty in marriage.
- Can advice them on how to manage finances
- Advice them against drug abuse especially alcohol because of its impact on family.
- Advice them on how to bring up their children
- Advice them on how to relate with in-laws eg. Change their attitude towards them, respect
them and look at them as parents in love.
- Advice them on effective communication otherwise poor communication or lack of
communication can lead to marriage breakdown
- Advice them on how to cope with cultural difference especially if they come from different
communities. 1 x 7 = 7mks

62