CARMUNDO NHS TLE- GRADE 10 HORTICULTURE

TLE_̲̲AFHC10PV-Ia-1_

LESSON 1. Produce Vegetable Crops

LO 1. Prepare Land for Planting Vegetable Crops

CONTENT STANDARD : The Learner demonstrates understanding of proper land preparation.

PERFORMANCE STANDARD : The learner independently prepares the land for planting vegetable crops based on Department of
Agriculture standard and procedures.

LEARNING COMPETENCIES: 1. Selecting the site for planting vegetable crops.

2. Preparing the land for planting.

OBJECTIVES: 1. Cite the importance of soil sampling.

2. Explain guidelines in collecting soil samples.
3. Perform the procedures in soil sampling

Definition of Soil – loose and friable materials of the earth’s surface for plants to grow.
Terms Soil sampling - collecting representative soil samples.
Soil analysis – process of testing the soil using soil Testing Kit (STK).

WHAT DO
YOU KNOW? Let us determine how much you
already know about soil sampling and
soil analysis. Answer this pre-test.
Directions: Choose the letter of the correct answer. Write your answer on your
test
notebook.
1. Soil analysis is done using_______.
A. STA B. STC C. STD D. STK
2. Which tool is not needed in soil sampling?
A. Shovel B. spade C. Trowel D. Saw
3. Why soil analysis is done?
A. To determine the amount of fertilizer needed.
B.To know the proper use of tools in soil sampling
C. To determine the type of fertilizer needed by the soil
D. To make the soil productive
4. The depth of the pit in soil sampling is_____________.
A. 20-30 cm B. 25-35 cm C. 30-35 cm D. 35-40 cm
5. How many kgs of soil sample is place in a clean plastic bag?
A. 1/2 kg B. 1 kg C. 2 kgs D. 3 kgs
 Check your answer using the answer
key. I hope you got the perfect
score..if not read the Information
sheet…

WHAT DO
YOU NEED TO
INFORMATION SHEET 1.1
KNOW?
Read the Information Sheet and do the activities that follows.
SOIL

According to World Education (INGO) Philippines Inc. (2005), soil is defined as the loose and
friable material of the earth’s surface for plants to grow. In certain places and under certain
conditions, soil consists of two principal layers: a more productive top or surface layer known as
surface soil or top soil and a less productive under layer known as the sub-soil. The soil is composed
of mineral matter of different sizes of particles known as soil texture with a small proportion.

of microorganisms and mixed with decayed animal and crop residues. The soil particles are arranged
from the surface soil to the parent rock. Such arrangement is called soil profile. Soil texture, as
defined by soil scientists, refers to the proportion of sand, silt and clay particles that comprise a
particular soil sample .

Soil structure refers to the physical arrangement of the soil particles in relation to each
other. Unlike texture, farmers can modify soil structure through their activities like tillage and water
management. The action of worms, microbes, and insects also affect soil structure. Soil Sampling and
Soil Analysis The accuracy of the fertilizer recommendation depends to a large degree on the
correctness of collecting representative soil samples. The composite sample is sent to the laboratory
for analysis. It should be noted that out of the one kilogram soil sample representing an area of as
much as 10 hectares, only a few grams are used in the actual analysis. Soil analysis can be done using
a simple tool or Soil Testing Kit (STK) for qualitative analysis for soil pH, nitrogen, phosphorous, and
potassium or by running a complete chemical analysis in the soil laboratories. Results of both tests
will serve as the basis for the farmers in making fertilizer recommendation on the amount of
fertilizer materials to be applied to satisfy the nutrient requirement of the crop.

Steps in Soil Sampling Using the most common farm tools and materials such as shovel or
spade, knife or trowel, small pail and plastic bags, the following are the steps for a proper soil
sampling technique.

1. Make a map of the farm showing sampling areas (SA). Divide the farm into sampling areas.
Each sampling area should be more or less uniform in cropping history, past lime and fertilizer
treatments, slope, degree of erosion, soil texture, and color. Each SA should not be more than 5
hectares.

2. Collect composite soil samples from each sampling area. In each sampling area, dig from 5
to 10 pits and collect a sample from each pit. The number of spot soil samples depends on the size of
the sample. A spot sample is taken in the following way:
 a.. Before digging the pit, clear the soil surface of litter and vegetation.

b.. Using spade or shovel, dig a pit to a depth of 20-30 centimeters.

c. From one vertical side of the pit, take a slice of soil 2-3 cm thick with a single downward
thrust of the spade. Using a knife or a trowel, trim the slice of soil on both sides to a bar 3-4 cm in
width.

d. Place the bar of soil (representing a one spot soil sample) in a pail or any suitable clean
container.

e. If subsoil sample is needed, take a bar of soil from the succeeding 20 to 30 cm soil depth.
The subsoil and surface sample should be placed in separate containers.

f. Cover the pit and move to another spot.

3. Take a composite soil sample. After collecting all the spot soil samples of a particular
sampling area, pulverizes, mix thoroughly, and remove stones and fresh leaves. Place the composite
soil sample (about ½ kg) in a clean plastic bag. After that, composite soil sample which represents
the soil sampling area is now ready for chemical analysis using a Soil Testing Kit (STK). This may also
be sent to a soil testing laboratory with pertinent label and information.

HOW
MUCH HAVE

After reading the Information sheet 1.1. I hope

you can do the following activities..

Activity 1. UNSCRAMBLE ME!. Unscramble the following letters to come

up with the correct answer. Read the meaning of the scrambled letters for faster answering.
Good luck! Write your answer on your test notebook.
1. LOSI – loose and friable materials in earth’s surface for plants to grow.
2. LOIS YALSNAIS – can be done using the STK ( Soil Testing Kit)
3. LOHVES – use to dig the soil when making soil sampling.
4. TTLIER – it should be removed before digging the pit for soil samples.
5. LASTPIC BGA – container for the composite soil sample.
Activity 2. ARRANGE ME! Arrange the following steps in collecting soil
samples by writing 1 for first step, 2 for second step down to the last step. Write your
answer on you quiz/activity notebook.
___ A. Place the bar of soil (representing a one spot soil sample) in a pail or any suitable clean
container.

___ B. . Using spade or shovel, dig a pit to a depth of 20-30 centimeters.

___ C. From one vertical side of the pit, take a slice of soil 2-3 cm thick with a single downward
thrust of the spade. Using a knife or a trowel, trim the slice of soil on both sides to a bar 3-4 cm in
width.

___D. . Before digging the pit, clear the soil surface of litter and vegetation.

___ E. . Cover the pit and move to another spot.

Refer to answer key. What is

your Score?

CONGRATULATIONS!

REFERENCES

Learning module for Grade 10- Horticulture

Internet