PGEC - 2016 - MAL - Atomic Structure - Atomic Mass Unit
PGEC - 2016 - MAL - Atomic Structure - Atomic Mass Unit
Atomic Structure: Atomic Mass Unit
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Because atoms are so small, scientists defined the atomic mass unit (amu) to measure their mass. The amu is based
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Atomic mass values for elements, usually represented by the letter “A”, are almost never an integer. The only exception
Health Physics is carbon, whose mass was used as a standard reference. The mass of 12C carbon atom is specified as exactly 12.
Fundamentals The mass of an atom of another element is the ratio of its mass to the mass of a carbon atom. Even the masses of
Mass, Charge and protons, neutrons, and electrons are ratios of their mass to carbon. These ratios are not integers. Since atoms are
Energy made of various numbers of these particles, it is unlikely that the mass of an atom other than carbon would add up to
Atomic Structure exactly a whole number.
Radioactive Decay
Mass of protons, neutrons, electrons
Interactions
Quantities and Units The atomic mass of the proton and the neutron in amu are approximately:
Time, Distance,
Shielding Proton = 1.6726 x 1024 grams = 1.0073 amu
Radiation Detection
Neutron = 1.6749 x 1024 grams = 1.0087 amu
Sources of
Radiation Thus, the neutron is just a little heavier than the proton.
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Administration The atomic mass of the electron in amu is approximately:
My profile settings Thus, the electron has a much smaller mass than either the proton or the neutron, 1837 times smaller or about 2000
times smaller.
Elements
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4/22/2016 PGEC_2016_MAL: Atomic Structure: Atomic Mass Unit
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