BIOLOGY

Chapter 24 : Sexual Rep. in Flow. Plant

Fill in the blanks - Type Questions
1. Gynoecium represents the ______________________________ (male/female) reproductive organ.

2. Arrange the following floral whorls on the thalamus from outermost to innermost.

Corolla, Androecium, Calyx, Gynoecium

____________________________________________________________________________________

3. Name the long, slender stalk of a typical stamen. _________________________________________

4. The ___________________ end of the filament is attached to the thalamus or petal of the flower.

5. The usually bilobed terminal structure of a typical angiospermic stamen is ___________________

6. There are __________________________________ (two/three/four) microsporangia in an anther.

7. After maturation, microsporangia develop into _________________________________________.

8. Arrange the following layers of microsporangia in the order of outermost to innermost.

Tapetum, Endothecium, Epidermis, Middle layer

____________________________________________________________________________________

9. Tapetum cells are ______________________________________ (mononucleate/multinucleate).

10. Name the layer of microsporangium which performs the following functions.

(i) Layers which perform the function of protection and help in dehiscence of anther to release the
pollen.

____________________________________________________________________________________
(ii) Layer that nourishes the developing pollen grains.

____________________________________________________________________________________

11. Complete the following analogy.

Secretory tapetum : Glandular : : Plasmodial tapetum : ____________________________________

12. Select the correct words from the box given below to fill in the blanks.

Centre, Corner, Endogenous, Sporogenous, Homogeneous, Heterogeneous

A group of compactly arranged _______________________ cells called the____________________

tissue occupies the ____________________________of each microsporangium in a young anther.

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13. Write the expanded form of PMC. _____________________________________________________

14. Name the process of formation of microspores from a PMC. _______________________________

15. Microspores are arranged in __________________________________. As the anthers mature and

dehydrate, microspores develop into the ________________________________________________.

16. Pollens have two prominent walls which are ____________________ and ___________________.

17. Exine is made up of ________________________________________.

18. Write the organic material which form the outer layer of intine. ____________________________

19. Read the following points and name the substance present in pollen grain.

(i) It is non-degradable and can withstand strong acids.

(ii) It is resistant at very high temperature.

(iii) No enzyme degrade it.

____________________________________________________________________________________

20. When the pollen grain is mature, it contains two cells, the ________________________________
and ___________________________________.

21. Abundant food reserve is found in ____________________________(vegetative/generative) cells.

22. Male gametes in angiosperms are formed by the division of ______________________________.

23. 60% of the angiosperms shed their pollens at the _________________________________________

24. Write the scientific name of carrot grass. ________________________________________________

25. ___________________________________came into India as a contaminant causing pollen allergy.

26. ________________________________ consumption increases the performance of athletes.

27. ________________________ is a schematic illustration of the pollen grain.

28. Fill in the blanks using words given in the box given below.

Multicarpellary, Monocarpellary, Androecium, Gynoecium

The __________________ representing female reproductive parts of flower may consist of single
pistil, called ____________________ or more than one pistil, called _________________________.

29. ________________________________________________is the landing platform for pollen grains.

30. Name the following.

(i) Basal bulged part of pistil __________________________________________________________

(ii) Elongated slender part beneath stigma ______________________________________________

31. Write the other name of megasporangia. ________________________________________________

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32. Complete the following analogy with respect to number of ovules.

Wheat : ______________________ : : Papaya : Many

33. Name the structure which connects ovule and placenta. ___________________________________

34. The junction between ovule and funicle is _______________________________________________

35. The small opening at the tip of ovule where integument does not encircle is known as

____________________________________________________________________________________

36. Name the type of ovule which is inverted with body fused to funicle, micropyle lying close to
hilurp and facing placenta. ____________________________________________________________

37. Each ovule has one or two protective envelopes called__________________________.

38. Nucellus containing female gametophytes is also known as ________________________________

39. Arrange the following structures in the order they appear from innerside to outerside of a typical
ovule.

Nucellus, Outer integument, Inner integument, Embryo sac

____________________________________________________________________________________

40. Write the full form of MMC. __________________________________________________________

41. The MMC undergoes _____________________________division, which results in the production

_______________________megaspores. The formation of megaspore is _____________________.

42. If the endosperm mother cell of an angiosperm has 24 chromosomes, the same in megaspore
mother cell would be _________________________________________________________________

43. Fill in the blanks with words provided in the box given below.
Monosporic, Megaspore, Functional, Female, Embryo sac, Male, Disporic, Pollen tube,

Only one______________ megaspore develops into ______________ gametophyte and other three
degenerate. This method of ________________ formation from a single _____________ is termed
as ___________________development.

44. Write the following terms in the sequence of embryo sac development.

Megaspore mother cell, Embryo sac, Megaspore, Archesporium

____________________________________________________________________________________

45. The archesporial cell divides by parietal division to form an outer ______________________ and
inner ____________________ cell.

46. The two nuclei that is not surrounded by the cell wall in embryo sac is called _______________
nuclei.

47. The egg apparatus consists of two ____________________ and one ________________________.

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48. Name the apparatus that is found at the micropylar tip, which guides the pollen tubes into the
synergid. ___________________________________________________________________________
49. Antipodals are the three cells at the _______________________________ end.
50. A typical angiosperm embryo sac is______________ (8/7) nucleate and ____________ (6/7) celled.
51. In embryo sac, the number of synergid, egg cell, central cell, antipodal cell follows the order.
____________________________________________________________________________________
52. Write the types of cell division (meiosis-I /meiosis-II/mitosis) involved in the following.
(i) Megaspore mother cell to megaspore dyad. __________________________________________
(ii) Megaspore dyad to megaspore tetrad. _______________________________________________
53. Mechanism of transfer ol pollen grains to the _____________ of a pistil is termed as pollination.
54. Write the biological terms for the following.
(i) Transfer of pollen from anther to stigma of same flower. ________________________________
(ii) Transfer of pollen from anther to stigma of different plant. _____________________________
(iii) Transfer of pollen from anther to stigma of different flower on same plant. ______________
55. Cleistogamous flowers are strictly autogamous because they remain ________________________
56. In chasmogamy, pollination takes place in _______________________________________________
57. Xenogamy causes ______________________________(functionally/genetically) different flowers.
58. Which type of pollen grains consist of following characteristics?
(i) Non-sticky
(ii) Light
(iii) Produced in large number
____________________________________________________________________________________
59. Write any two examples of wind pollinated plants. _______________________________________
60. Complete the following analogy.
Hydrilla : _______________________________ : : Water pollinated : Wind pollinated
61. In some water pollinated plants, pollens are protected from wetting by a ___________________
covering.
62. ______________________________________________are the dominant biotic pollinating agents.
63. Identify the pollinators of the following flowers.
(i) Colourful, fragnant flowers__________________________________________________________
(ii) Foul odour flowers________________________________________________________________
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64. Write the two floral rewards for the animal pollinators.____________________________________
65. Write the name of plants which provide following floral rewards.
(i) Safe place to lay eggs. ______________________________________________________________
(ii) Deposition of eggs in the locule of ovary by a moth. ___________________________________
66. Write the common terms used for insects consuming pollen or nectar without bringing about
pollination. _________________________________________________________________________
67. Which one of the following plant shows a very close relationship with a species of moth, where
none of the two can complete its life cycle without the other?
Banana, Yucca, Hydrilla, Viola
____________________________________________________________________________________
68. Continued self-pollination results in ____________________________________________________
69. Write any two ways by which flowering plants prevent self-pollination.
____________________________________________________________________________________
70. Name the genetic mechanism of inhibiting pollen germination or pollen tube growth in the pistil.
____________________________________________________________________________________
71. A dioecious flowering plant prevents both ______________________________________________
72. In which of the following, both autogamy and geitonogamy are prevented?
(Wheat, Papaya, Castor, Maize)
____________________________________________________________________________________
73. Monoecious plants prevent ________________ . but not ______________________.
74. Arrange the following events of pollen grain germination in a sequence.
(i) Pollen tube growth through stigma tissues.
(ii) Shedding of pollen grains at 2/3 celled condition.
(iii) Entry of pollen into the ovule through micropyle.
(iv) Pollen grain germination on the stigma.
____________________________________________________________________________________

75. The ____________________________ cell divides and forms the two male gametes during pollen
tube growth in 2-celled pollen grains.

76. Name the interaction from pollen deposition to pollen tubes entry to the ovule.

____________________________________________________________________________________

77. Pollen pistil recognition promotes the ___________________________________________ events.

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78. "Pollen-pistil interaction is a ______________________________ (dyanamic/not worthy) process
in the hybridisation technique.

79. ___________________________________ is the effective pollination between flowers of different

species of the same genus or between different genera.

80. Removal of anthers from flower before anther dehiscence is called

____________________________________________________________________________________

81. Give reason why 10% sugar solution used to put pollen grain germination on glass slide.

____________________________________________________________________________________

82. _______________________________________________ (Promotion/Inhibition) of germ tube from

pollen occurs when there is genetic compatibility between pollen and stigma.

83. For artificial hybridisation experiment in bisexual flower, arrange the sequence in correct order?

Cross-pollination  Bagging  Emasculation  Rebagging

____________________________________________________________________________________

84. Pollen tube releases _______________________________ (one/two/three) male gametes into the
cytoplasm of synergid.

85. Name the structure formed by the fusion of a male gamete and polar nuclei in the central
cell.________________________________________________________________________________

86. Write the ploidy of the PEN____________________________________________________________

87. Write the number of chromosomes of the following if the haploid number in a flowering plant is
14.

(i) Integuments_______________________________________________________________________

(ii) Embryo__________________________________________________________________________

(iii) Endosperm ______________________________________________________________________

88. PEN formation involves fusion of three ________________________ (haploid/diploid) nuclei and
therefore it is called _________________________ fusion.

89. The fertilisation in flowering plants is termed as ___________________________ fertilisation as it

involves two types of fusion, namely __________________and _____________________________.

90. The fusion of one male gamete with egg cell is called _____________________________________
(xenogamy/syngamy).

91. If endosperm has 36 number of chromosomes then find out the chromosome number of male and
female gamete.______________________________________________________________________
92. In an angiosperm, male plant is diploid and female plant is tetraploid then endosperm will be.

____________________________________________________________________________________

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93. In angiosperm, pollen tube librates their male gametes into the ____________________________

94. Coconut water from a tender coconut is _________________________________________________

95. Endosperm is consumed by developing embryo in the seed of ___________________(pea/castor).

96. ______________________ (Embryo/Endosperm) development precedes _____________________
(endosperm/embryo) development.

97. The developing embryo derives nutrition from ______________________________________tissue.

98. Write the stage of endosperm development where PEN undergoes successive nuclear division to
give rise to free nuclei.________________________________________________________________
99. The white coconut kernel is made up of _________________________________________________

100. Write any two seeds in which endosperm is completely consumed by the developing embryo.
____________________________________________________________________________________

101. The study of embryo development is known as__________________________________________

102. Write the following words in the sequence of development.

Heart-shaped embryo, Mature embryo, Globular embryo, Endosperm development, Proembryo.

____________________________________________________________________________________
103. A typical dicotyledonous embryo consists of an ______________axis and ____________________
cotyledons. The portion of embryonal axis above the level of cotyledons is ___________________
which terminates with the ________________________ or stem tip.
104. Complete the following analogy.

Epicotyl : ______________________ : : Plumule : Radicle

105. Name the structure covering the radicle. ________________________________________________

106. Write other name for cotyledons used in grass family. _____________________________________

107. The cylindrical portion below the cotyledons is __________________________________________.

108. The sheath covering the radicle and root cap in monocots is known as ______________________

109. Name the foliar hollow structure enclosing leaf primordia and a shoot apex. _________________
110. Write two examples of the albuminous seeds. ___________________________________________
111. The persistent residual nucellus is known as ____________________________________________
112. The seed shows dormancy when seed is ____________and its seed coat is ___________________.
113. Phoenix dactylifera (date palm) is an example of showing ________________________ years old
seed to be viable.
114. What is common seed characteristics of the plants given in the box.
Orobanche, Striga, Ficus, Orchids
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 ____________________________________________________________________________________
115. The wall of _________________________ develops into wall of the fruit.
116. The wall of fruit is known as __________________________________________________________
117. Give a common term for the following.
(i) Fruits developing from ovary only. ___________________________________________________
(ii) Fruits developing from both ovary and thalamus.______________________________________
118. Write two examples of false fruits.______________________________________________________
119. Write the scientific name for the fruits developed without fertilisation. ______________________
120. Parthenocarpy can be induced by ______________________________________________________.
121. _________________ and ______________________ of mature seeds are important for storage of
seeds and hence in the agricultural field.
122. Write the scientific name of the plant having oldest viable seed excavated from Arctic
Tundra._____________________________________________________________________________
123. Name the mechanism by which seeds are produced without fertilisation. ____________________
124. ______________________________ is an asexual reproduction that mimics sexual reproduction.
125. Give the name for the occurrence of more than one embryo in a seed.
____________________________________________________________________________________
126. Write two examples of fruits exhibiting polyembryony. ___________________________________
127. Formation of diploid egg cell without reduction division is the way of ______________________
(apomictic/parthenocarpic) seed development in same species.
128. Cultivation of hybrids has tremendously ____________________________ (increased/decreased)
productivity.
129. Seeds collected from hybrids do not maintain _________________________________ characters.
130. Name the cell which protrude into the embryo sac and develop into the embryo during
polyembryony.
____________________________________________________________________________________

Match the Column - Type Question

131. Identify the incorrect pairs.
(i) Castor - Monoecious
(ii) Maize - Dioecious
(iii) Papaya - Dioecious
____________________________________________________________________________________
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132. Match the following columns.

Column I Column II

(Parts of microsporangia) (Structural/Functional details)

A. Tapetum 1. Potential pollen

B. Anther 2. Released when anther dehisce

C. Pollen grains 3. Innermost layer

D. Sporogenous tissue 4. Bilobed

A._____________ B._____________ C._______________ D._______________________

133. Match the following columns.

Column I Column II

(Male gametophytes) (Structures)

A. Pollen 1. Irregular shaped nucleus

B. Exine 2. Race horses

C. Generative cell 3. Resistant to enzymes

D. Vegetative cell 4. Spindle-shaped, floating in cytoplasm

A. ___________ B.______________ C._______________ D.____________________

134. Match die following columns.

Column I Column II

(Pollinating agents) (Names of floral species)

A. Lemurs 1. Adansonia

B. Gecko lizard 2. Traveler's palm

C. Bats 3. Mulungu

A. _________________ B. __________________ C. _____________________

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135. Match the following columns.
Column I Column II
(Types of pollination) (Pollinating agents)
A. Ornithophily 1. Pollination by animals
B. Zoophily 2. Pollination by insects
C. Chiropterophily 3. Pollination by birds
D. Entomophily 4. Pollination by bats
A. ________________ B. ______________ C. _______________ D.__________________
136. Match the following columns.
Column I Column II
(Parts of seed) (Features)
A. Cotyledon 1. Forms tap root
B. Epicotyl 2. Embryonic shoot
C. Plumule 3. Forms the leaves
D. Hypocotyl 4. Leaf of embryo
A. _________________ B. __________________ C.______________ D. __________________
137. Match the following columns.
Column I Column II
(Seeds / Fruits) (Examples)
A. Parthenocarpic fruit 1. Banana
B. True fruit 2. Mango
C. False fruit 3. Cashew
A. ____________________ B._______________________ C.____________________
138. Match the following columns.
Column I Column II
A. Ovule 1. Fruit
B. Ovary 2. Orange
C. Dry fruit 3. Mustard
D. Fleshy fruit 4. Seed
A. _______________ B._________________C .____________________ D.___________________

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 Find odd one out - Type question
139. Find odd one out.

Stamen, Stigma, Style, Ovary

____________________________________________________________________________________

140. Find odd one out related to pollen grain structure.

Cellulose, Pectin, Hemicellulose, Sporopollenin

____________________________________________________________________________________

141. Find odd one out with respect to pollen viability of following members of family.

Rosaceae, Leguminosae, Solanaceae, Poaceae

____________________________________________________________________________________

142. Find odd one out regarding pollination.

Wind, Light, Water, Insects

____________________________________________________________________________________

143. Find the odd one out.

Castor, Bean, Wheat, Rice

____________________________________________________________________________________

144. Find odd one out with respect to fruit development.

Orange, Papaya, Apple, Pomegranate

____________________________________________________________________________________

145. Find the odd one out.

Seed coat, Cotyledons, Pericarp, Embryo, Axis

____________________________________________________________________________________

True or False - Type question

146. All flowering plants show sexual reproduction.

True False

147. Each lobe in a typical angiospermic anther is monothecous.

True False

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148. The sporogenous tissue undergoes mitotic division to form microspore tetrads.

True False

149. Germ pores lack sporopollenin.

True False

150. Pollen grains cause allergies and chronic respiratory disorder in some people.

True False

151. Honey is made by bees by digesting the pollen collected from flowers.

True False

152. Pollen grains can be stored for years in liquid nitrogen at 196°C.

True False

153. The placenta is located inside the ovarian cavity.

True False

154. The mass of cells enclosed within the integument is called the nucellus.

True False

155. Nuclear divisions are not followed immediately by cell wall formation.

True False

156. Antipodal cells commonly develop Ubisch bodies in embryo sac. .

True False

157. Cleistogamous flowers produce assured seed set even in the absence of pollinators.

True False

158. Geitonogamy is genetically similar to xenogamy.

True False

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159. Long, ribbon-like pollens are commonly seen in water pollinated plants.

True False

160. Acceptance or rejection of a pollen is a result of continuous dialogue between pollen grain and the
pistil.

True False

161. The pistil alone does not have ability to recognise the compatibility of pollen.

True False

162. Zygote is a triploid structure .

True False

163. Plumule is produced from the apical octant.

True False

164. Post-fertilisation events do not include seed and fruit formation.

True False

165. Aleurone cells are present in endosperm of cereals.

True False

166. The early stage of embryo development is called somatogeny.

True False

167. Embryogeny are different in both monocots and dicots.

True False

168. Seed is a fertilised ovary.

True False

169. Endosperm is not completely consumed during embryo development in non-albuminous seeds.

True False

170. Parthenocarpic fruits are seedless.

True False

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171. Seeds generate new genetic combinations.

True False

172. Asteraceae and grasses usually adapt apomixis.

True False

173. There is segregation of characters in the hybrid progeny when the hybrids are made into apomicts.

True False

Diagram based - Type Question

174. Identify the parts labelled as A to G in following figure.

175. Identify the parts labelled as A to D in the following diagram.

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176. Identify the parts labelled as A to E in the following diagram.

177. Identify the parts labelled as A to Fin the following diagram.

178. Identify the structures marked A to F in the given diagram.

179. Identify whether the following diagrams are multicarpellary/monocarpellary and syncarpous/
apocarpous.

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180. In the given diagram of pistil, in which part fertilisation takes place?

____________________________________________________________________________________

181. Identify the parts labelled as A to I in the given diagram.

182. Identify the parts labelled as A to F in the diagram given below.

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183. Identify the labelling parts of given diagrams.

184. Identify the parts labelled as A to E in the diagram given below.

185. Complete the sequence.

A._________________ B.______________________ C.____________________

186. Identify the parts labelled as A to F in the diagram given below.

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187. Identify the structures A and B shown in the figure of Commelina plant given below.

188. Study the diagram given below about its structural details and write two characteristics of flowers
which help in wind pollination.

(i) __________________________ (ii) _____________________________

189. Identify the parts labelled as A to F in the given diagram.

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190. Diagram showing entry of pollen tube to the embryo sac. Identify the parts labelled as A to G in
the diagram given below.

191. Diagram showing discharge of gametes in the egg apparatus. Identify the parts labelled as A and
B.

192. Identify the parts labelled as A, B and C.

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193. Identify the different stages of embryogenesis (A to G) in the given diagram.

194. Identify the parts labelled A to £in the following diagram of typical dicot embryo.

195. In the figure given below, find out the type of seed and identify which labelled parts . represent
coleoptile, coleorhiza and epiblast.

____________________________________________________________________________________

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196. The diagram given below shows structural details of a dicot seed. Study the diagram and answer
the quesitons that follows.

(i) Identify the structures labelled as A to E.

(ii) Name the plant from which this seed is obtained. _____________________________________

(iii) Write the function of seed parts labelled as A and B.

____________________________________________________________________________________
197. Identify the parts labelled as A to D in structure of seed given below.

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