May 2021

Current Affairs
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❖ India-Russia 2+2 Dialogue
The Prime Minister Narendra Modi and the Russian President Vladimir Putin recently agreed to
establish “2+2 Ministerial Dialogue”. The “2+2 Ministerial” dialogue is held between the
defence ministers and foreign ministers.
About 2+2 Dialogue
• India holds similar dialogues with US, Australia, and Japan.

• Russia is the first non-QUAD member with which India is to hold the dialogue.
• In 2021, President Vladimir Putin is to visit India to hold the India-Russia bilateral
summit. The summit is alternatively held in India and Russia.

❖ Karen Rebels-Myanmar
❖ They are the oldest rebel group in Myanmar. They have formed the Karen National
Union (KNU). They have been fighting against the Myanmar government since 1949.
They are fighting for an independent state called “Kawthoolei”. It is one of the longest
running civil wars in the world.
❖ The Karen Community is an ethnic minority.
❖ In due course of the conflict, more than two hundred thousand have fled to Thailand, the
neighbouring country. They have been confined to refugee camps in Thailand.
❖ The Karen people are one of the largest ethnic minorities in Myanmar. They constitute a
population of five to seven million. There are more than twenty different dialects spoken
by Karen (Dialect is a language which is peculiar to a specific group). Pwo and Sgaw are
the most widely spoken.

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❖ Special 301 Report
The report is released annually by the United States Trade Representative. It is published under
Section 301 of Trade Act of 1974 and hence the name. It is being published since 1989. The
report basically lists the countries that do not provide sufficient IP rights to American
companies.
According to the report, India has been put on the “Priority Watch List” along with eight other
countries. Another twenty-three countries were also put on “Watch List”.

❖ 67th Dadasaheb Phalke Award

• Awarded to the legendry actor Rajnikanth for the year 2019.
• 66th Dadasaheb Phalke award was conferred to Amitabh Bachchan for the year 2018.
• First recipient Devika Rani.
• Best Actor (Female): Deepika Padukone
• Best Actor (Male): Akshay Kumar
• Best International Feature Film: Parasite
• Best Director: Anurag Basu
• Best Film: Tanhaji
• Extremely Important for CAPF/CDS*

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❖ Operation Samudra Setu-II

• The Indian Navy recently launched Operation Samudra Setu II. The operation will aid
in fulfilling oxygen requirements of the country.
• Under the operation, warships have been deployed to carry liquid oxygen filled
cryogenic containers.
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• Two ships INS Talwar and INS Kolkata have been diverted for this operation.
• INS Talwar will transport 40 million tonnes of oxygen from Manama to Mumbai.
• INS Kolkata is to proceed to Doha to get medical supplies and then to Kuwait to get
liquid oxygen tanks.
• INS Airavat is to enter Singapore to embark liquid oxygen tanks
✓ Operation Samudra Setu I
• Operation Samudra Setu I was launched in May 2020. It was launched to repatriate
Indian citizens from abroad during COVID-19. It successfully brought back 3,992
Indians to home safely.
• Similar Evacuation programmes were undertaken by the Indian Navy in 2006 and 2015.
In 2016, Operation Sukoon was launched to bring back Indians from Beirut. In 2015,
Operation Rahat was launched to bring back Indians from Yemen.

❖ NASA’s Ingenuity Helicopter

• The Ingenuity Helicopter of Mars 2020 project of NASA recently performed its fourth of
its five planned flights successfully.
• With this, it has completed its month-long technology demonstration. Now, it is to begin
its new phase.
• This new phase is called operation demonstration phase.

❖ P8I- Patrol Aircraft

• The United States Department recently approved the sale of P-81 Patrol aircraft to India.
• It is a long range patrol aircraft.
• It was manufactured by Boeing for Indian Navy.
• It is a variant of P-8A Poseidon. The Poseidon is operated by the US Navy.
• The P-8I is capable of conducting maritime patrol, anti-submarine warfare,
reconnaissance missions and surveillance.
• India and US have signed five major defence deals –
GSOMIA,LEMOA,COMCASA,BECA, 123 Agreement (Self Study)
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❖ Uranium-214

• The scientists have recently created lightest form of Uranium. It is called the Uranium-
214. The discovery reveals more information about an alpha particle. The alpha particle
are those particles that gets ejected from radioactive elements as they decay.

❖ Article 164
• The West Bengal Chief Minister Mamata Banerjee lost in Nandigram. She lost the seat to
her former protégé-turned-BJP leader Suvendu Adhikari by a margin of 1956 votes.
Protégé is a person supported by a more experienced person. However, she can still take
over as the Chief Minister of the State. This is permitted under Article 164 (4).
• Article 164 (4): A Minister who is a not a member of the Legislative Assembly shall
cease to be a minister at the end of six months.

❖ Indian Army’s First Green Solar Energy harnessing plant

The Indian Army recently launched the first Green Solar Energy harnessing plant in Sikkim. It
was launched to benefit the troops of the Indian army.
• The plant uses Vanadium based battery technology.
• It was built at an altitude of 16,000 feet.
• The capacity of the plant is 56 KVA.
• It was completed in collaboration with IIT Mumbai

❖ Fossil bone fragments of Sauropod dinosaurs

The researchers in the Geological Survey of India recently found fossil bone fragments of
Sauropod dinosaurs. They were 100 million years old. These dinosaur bones were found in

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West Khasi hills in the district of Meghalaya. This is the first record of the Sauropods
discovered in the region.
• They had very long necks, small heads, long tails and four pillar like legs.
• The findings of Sauropods in Meghalaya make it the fifth state after Gujarat, Madhya
Pradesh, Maharashtra and Tamil Nadu. Also, Meghalaya is the only state in the North-
East to report Sauropod bones.
• The first dinosaur bone was discovered at the Bara Simla Hill in Jabalpur Cantonment.

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❖ Mayflower-400:First AI Ship
✓ Worlds first Artificial Intelligence enables ship.

• It is 15 metres long and weighs nine tonnes. It is basically a trimaran.

• It navigates with complete autonomy.
• The ship is to study marine pollution and analyze plastics in water. The voyage is
important because more than 80% of the underwater world remains unexplored.
• It has been taught on how to avoid collisions. Thus, the ship can correct itself. It has
been trained with hundred hours of audio data. The training will help the ship to
detect the presence of marine animals and thereby provide information about the
population distribution of these animals in the ocean.
• Sophisticated cameras and radars will act as the eyes and ears of the ship. There are
six cameras in the ship.
.

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❖ Section 142 of Social Security Act

• The Ministry of Labour and Employment recently notified Section 142 of the Social
Security Code, 2020. The Section covers applicability of the Aadhhar.
• The notification will enable the Ministry of Labour and Employment to collect Aadhaar
details from the beneficiaries of various social security schemes. This includes migrant
workers as well.
• Important for EPFO Exam*

❖ PESCO: EU

• The European Union recently approved the requests of Norway, Canada and United
States to participate in Permanent Structured Cooperation (PESCO) defence initiative.
• This is the first time; the European bloc has allowed a third state to participate in the
PESCO project. The countries will now participate in the Military Mobility Project in
Europe

❖ RBI sets up Committee to assit RRA 2.0

The Reserve Bank of India recently constituted a Committee under the Managing Director S
Janaki Raman. The committee is to assist the second Regulatory Review Authority.

❖ SpaceX : Doge-1 Mission

• SpaceX is to launch DOGE-1, a satellite that is completely funded with crypto currency.
Days earlier Musk did mention about DOGE crypto currencies in a TV show he was
hosting.

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❖ Laureus Sports Awards 2021

• Tennis legend Rafael Nadal won the Laureus World Sportsman of the Year Award
2021 at the virtual awards ceremony conducted from Seville, Spain on May 6, 2021.
• Naomi Osaka won the prestigious Laureus World Sportswoman of the Year Award
2021.

❖ Osiris-Rex Spacecraft-NASA

• The NASA Spacecraft called the “Osiris-Rex” has started a two year long journey
back to the earth.
• The spacecraft reached asteroid Bennu in 2018. It then spent two years flying around
it and collected rubbles. Rubbles are rough fragments of brick, stones.

❖ NASA-Axiom
• The National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) recently signed an
agreement with Axiom Space.
• Under the agreement, Axiom is to send its astronauts to International Space Station.
• This is the first private astronaut mission to the space station.
• The mission has been named as Ax-1. What is the plan? The Axiom .

❖ Bad Bank’s First CEO Appointed

• Padmakumar Madhavan Nair of State Bank of India has been appointed as the CEO of
Bad Bank.
• The Bad Bank is a proposed entity of the National Asset Reconstruction Company
(NARC).
• It is a financial organisation that takes over bad assets of lenders and resolves them. The
entities will sell their non-performing assets to the bad banks at market price.
• It was suggested by the Indian Banks Association.
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❖ Iron Dome of Israel

• It is an air defence system of Israel.

• It neutralizes any missiles or rockets.
• It is a short-range ground air-to-air defence system.
• It is used to counter rockets, mortars, aircraft, helicopters, mortars artillery and unmanned
vehicles.
• It was in news in may when there was a marked escalation on conflict between Hamas
and Israel.

❖ Tauktae cyclone in Arabian Sea

• Tauktae Cyclone is the first cyclone in 2021 in India.

• Name given by Myanmar.
• It became the strongest tropical cyclone to make landfall in the Indian state of Gujarat since
the 1998 Gujarat cyclone

➢ The following conditions favour cyclone formation:

• The Surface Sea Temperature increases to 27° C and higher.

• Presence of Coriolis force
• Differences in Vertical wind speed
• Upper divergence above the sea level system
• Low pressure area
• Favourable Madden Julian Oscillation
• Ocean heat potential

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❖ Whitley Award , 2021 (Most likely to be asked)
• In 2021, the Whitley Award was won by Nuklu Phom of Nagaland. He is the only Indian
to receive the award.
• Whitley Awards are presented annually by the Whitley Fund for Nature. It is presented to
recognise grass root level conservation leaders.
• It involves process of reference, application and interview.
• The Whitley Fund for Nature was established by Edward Whitley in 1994. It has so far
given 16 million pounds to support the work of two hundred environmental heroes.
• Also known as Green Oscar.

❖ Tianwen-1 : Chinese Mars Rover

• Tianwen 1 has been orbiting Mars for three months now. The lander that carried
the Zhurong rover touched down the Martian surface successfully.
• It landed in the Utopia Planitia region.
• However, when the lander entered the Martian atmosphere, the spacecraft endured
“Seven Minutes of Terror” as that of the Mars Perseverance rover of NASA

❖ Italian Open, 2021

• Italian Open, 2021 was won by Rafael Nadal. This is his tenth title of the Rome Masters.
The Italian Open, 2021 was held on May 16, 2021, in Rome.
• The Finals was held between Rafael Nadal and Novak Djokovic. It is also known as
Rome Masters.

❖ Miss Universe 2020

• Andrea Meza of Mexico was crowned the Miss Universe, 2020.
• The 69th edition of Miss Universe was held on May 16, 2021 in Florida, United
States.
• It was cancelled for the first time in 2020 due to COVID-19 pandemic.
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• Miss Universe, 2020 Andrea Meza beat seventy-four contestants from all over the
world.

❖ 2DG- Anti-Covid Drug by DRDO

• The 2-DG was developed by the Defence Research Development Organisation for
Emergency Use. 2-DG is 2-Deoxy – D – Glucose. It is to be provided as a
supplementary.
• It was developed in collaboration with Dr Reddy’s Laboratories.
• The drug ensures faster recovery of hospitalised patients and will reduce
supplemental oxygen dependence during clinical trials.
• It accumulates in infected cells and stops viral synthesis. This accumulation makes
the drug unique.
• The drug comes in a powdered form in sachets. It is consumed orally after dissolving
in water.

❖ Simorgh Supercomputer
• Iran recently launched its supercomputer called Simorgh.
• This supercomputer is hundred times more powerful than the previous Iranian
supercomputers.
• The Supercomputer has been named after the phoenix like bird called the Simurgh.
• The Simorgh Supercomputer was developed by the Amirkabir University of Technology
in Tehran, the capital of Iran.

❖ India’s First Agriculture Export Facilitation Centre

• The Maharashtra Chamber of Commerce Industries and Agriculture and NABARD
(National Bank for Agriculture and Rural Development) recently launched the first
Agricultural Export Facilitation Centre.
• It is based in Pune , Maharashtra .

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❖ A-76 : World’s is now the Largest Iceberg

• An Iceberg recently breaks off from the continent of Antarctica.
• This iceberg is now the largest iceberg in the world. It has been named as A-76.

❖ Cyclone YAAS
➢ Recently, cyclone Yaas made landfall south of Balasore in Odisha.

▪ Earlier, another cyclonic storm named ‘Cyclone Tauktae’ had affected the Indian
states of Kerala, Gujarat, Maharashtra, Goa and Karnataka, along with two Union
Territories: Daman & Diu and Lakshadweep.
▪ The cyclone has been named Yaas by Oman. The word Yaas has originated from the
Persian language and means ‘Jasmin’ in English.
▪ Typically, tropical cyclones in the North Indian Ocean region (Bay of Bengal and
Arabian Sea) develop during the pre-monsoon (April to June) and post-
monsoon (October to December) periods.

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❖ India to host FIFA-2022 Women’s U-17 World Cup

• India is all set to host “2022 FIFA under-17 Women’s World Cup” from October 11 to 30,
2022.
• It will be the second FIFA tournament to be hosted by India.
• Earlier, India had to organise 2021 Under-17 Women’s World Cup but it was cancelled
due to Covid-19 pandemic.
• India had also hosted FIFA under-17 World Cup in 2017.
• The 2017 event has set a record for being most attended youth World Cup in the history.

❖ NASA’s VIPER Moon Rover

• NASA has announced to send its first mobile robot to the Moon in 2023.
• Mobile robot will search ice and other resources on and below the surface of moon.
• This mission is an example showing “robotic science mission” and “human exploration”
go hand in hand.

❖ Cheetah to be reintroduced in India in Nov 2021

• World’s fastest land animal, Cheetah is expected to be reintroduced in India.
• Cheetah will be introduced at Kuno National Park in Madhya Pradesh in November
2021

❖ India Biodiversity Awards 2021

• Krishi Avam Paristhitiki Vikas Sansthan (KRAPAVIS) won the award under the
category ‘Sustainable Use of Biological Resources.’
• Shaji N.M., who is also called as ‘Tuber Man’ of Kerala has won in individual
category of ‘Conservation of domesticated species.
• Khonoma Nature Conservation & Tragopan Sanctuary (KNCTS) in Nagaland
won the award under ‘Sustainable Use of Biological Resources’ category.

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❖ Amartya Sen- Spain’s top award in social service

• Indian economist and Nobel Laureate, Amartya Kumar Sen, was conferred with
“Princess of Asturias Award” in social sciences category which is Spain’s top
prize

❖ “World’s fastest ascent of Everest by a woman”

• Hong Kong mountaineer, Tsang Yin-hung, recorded “world’s fastest ascent of
Everest by a woman” in just 26 hours.
• Tsang climbed 8,848.86-metre mountain in a record time of 25 hours and 50
minutes in her third attempt.
• Earlier in 2017, Tsang became first Hong Kong woman to climbed the top.
• She broke the earlier record of Nepali women Phunjo Jhangmu Lama completed
the climb in 39 hours 6 minutes.

❖ Steadfast Defender 21 War Games

• This war games are being organised with the aim of simulating response of 30-nation
military organisation for attack on any one of NATO’s members.
• It seeks to test ability of NATO to deploy troops from America.

❖ YUVA Scheme Launched

• Ministry of Education has launched “YUVA- Prime Minister’s Scheme for Mentoring
Young Authors”.
• YUVA is an Author Mentorship programme which will train young and budding authors
aged below 30 years to in order to promote reading, writing and book culture in India. It
will also project India and Indian writings worldwide.

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❖ SAJAG-Offshore Patrol Vessel Commissioned (ICG)
• Offshore Patrol Vessel, Sajag has been constructed by Goa Shipyard Limited, which
was commended by NSA for indigenously developing ships for Maritime Armed forces
with state-of-the-art machinery, latest technology sensors and equipment.

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