nium heptamolybdate

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Ammonium heptamolybdate

Names

IUPAC name

Ammonium docosaoxoheptamolybdate(6–)

Other names

Ammonium molybdate

Ammonium paramolybdate

(see text)

Identifiers

CAS Number  12027-67-7 

 12054-85-2 (tetrahydrate) 

3D model (JSmol)  Interactive image

 Interactive image

ChemSpider  23786 

ECHA InfoCard 100.031.553 

EC Number  234-320-9

PubChem CID  71306766

UNII  21Y68J178E 

 OGI154X474 (tetrahydrate) 
CompTox  DTXSID40858865
Dashboard (EPA)
DTXSID5036896,

DTXSID40858865 

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InChI

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SMILES

Properties

Chemical formula (NH4)6Mo7O24

Molar mass 1163.9 g/mol

1235.86 g/mol (tetrahydrate)

Appearance white solid

Density 2.498 g/cm3

Melting point ~90 ˚C (loses water molecule)

190 °C (decomp.)

Solubility in water 65.3 g / 100 ml (tetrahydrate)

Hazards

Main hazards Irritant

Safety data sheet External MSDS

NFPA

704 (fire diamond)

2
0
0
Flash point Non-flammable

Related compounds

Other anions Ammonium orthomolybdate

Ammonium dimolybdate

Other cations Potassium paramolybdate

Related compounds Molybdenum(VI) oxide

Molybdic acid
 Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in
their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).

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Infobox references

Ammonium heptamolybdate is the inorganic compound whose chemical formula is

(NH4)6Mo7O24, normally encountered as the tetrahydrate. A dihydrate is also known. It
is a colorless solid, often referred to as ammonium paramolybdate or simply
as ammonium molybdate, although "ammonium molybdate" can also refer
to ammonium orthomolybdate, (NH4)2MoO4, and several other compounds. It is one
of the more common molybdenum compounds. [1]

Contents

 1Synthesis
 2Structure
 3Uses
 4Related compounds
 5Safety
 6References
 7See also

Synthesis[edit]
Ammonium heptamolybdate is easily prepared by dissolving molybdenum trioxide in
an excess of aqueous ammonia and evaporating the solution at room temperature.
While the solution evaporates, the excess of ammonia escapes. This method results
in the formation of six-sided transparent prisms of the tetrahydrate of ammonium
heptamolybdate.[2]
Solutions of ammonium paramolybdate react with acids to form molybdic acid and
an ammonium salt. The pH value of a concentrated solution will lie between 5 and 6.

Structure[edit]
The compound was first analyzed crystallographically by Lindqvist, but has been
reanalyzed.[3] All Mo centers are octahedral. Some oxide ligands are terminal, some
doubly bridging, and a few are triply bridging ligands.
The salt contains the heptamolybdate hexaanion.

Uses[edit]
 as an analytical reagent to measure the amount
of phosphates, silicates, arsenates and lead in aq
ueous solution (e.g. pigments, river water, sea
water etc.)[4]
 in the production of molybdenum metal
and ceramics
 in the preparation of dehydrogenation
and desulfurization catalysts
 in the fixing of metals
 in electroplating
 in fertilizers for crops.
 as a negative stain in biological electron
microscopy, typically in the 3–5% (vol/vol)
concentration range and in the presence of
trehalose;[5] or at saturated concentration to
perform cryo-negative staining.[6][7]
 For the detection of recreational drugs as a
component of the Froehde reagent

Related compounds[edit]
Potassium heptamolybdate, also obtained as the tetrahydrate, is very similar to the
ammonium salt.[3]

Safety[edit]
Molybdates are typically of low toxicity, so much so that few reports of incidents have
ever been reported.[1]

References[edit]
1. ^ Jump up to:    Sebenik, Roger F.; et  al. (2000).
a b

"Molybdenum and Molybdenum Compounds".  Ullmann's

Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry. Weinheim: Wiley-
VCH.  doi:10.1002/14356007.
2. ^ L. Svanberg & H. Struve, J. pr. Ch. 44 [1848], p. 282;
cited in Gmelin's Handbuch für Anorganische Chemie, 53,
p. 255.
3. ^ Jump up to:a b Evans, H.T., Jr.; Gatehouse, B. M.; Leverett,
P. "Crystal Structure of the Heptamolybdate(VI)
(paramolybdate) ion, (Mo7O24)6−, in the ammonium and
potassium tetrahydrate salts" Journal of the Chemical
Society. Dalton Transactions, Inorganic Chemistry1975,
p.505-p514.
4. ^ Parsons, T.; Maita, V. & Lalli, C. (1984). A manual of
chemical and biological methods for seawater analysis.
Oxford: Pergamon.
 5. ^ Harris, J. R. and Horne, R. W. 1991. "Negative
staining", in Harris J. R. (Ed.), Electron Microscopy in
Biology, Oxford University Press, Oxford.
6. ^ Adrian, Marc; Dubochet, Jacques; Fuller, Stephen D.;
Harris, J. Robin (1998). "Cryo-negative
staining". Micron. 29 (2–3): 145–
160.  doi:10.1016/S0968-4328(97)00068-1. PMID 968435
0.
7. ^ De Carlo, S.; El-Bez, C.; Alvarez-Rúa, C.; Borge, J.;
Dubochet, J. (2002). "Cryo-negative staining reduces
electron-beam sensitivity of vitrified biological
particles".  Journal of Structural Biology.  138  (3): 216–
226.  doi:10.1016/S1047-8477(02)00035-7. PMID 122176
60.

See also[edit]
Phosphate test aka Deniges' method links to here.

show

Ammonium salts
Categories: 
 Molybdates
 Ammonium compounds
 Chemical formulas
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