HKDSE BIOLOGY—Concepts and Applications Chapter 22

Question Bank Short questions

Short questions
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* Photosynthesis consists of light-dependent and light-independent stages.
(a) Describe how light intensity affects the light-dependent stage. (3 marks)

(b) (i) Suggest two limiting factors that affect the light-independent stage directly.
(2 marks)

(ii) Explain how these factors affect the light-independent stage. (2 marks)

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(a) The higher the light intensity, the more light energy is absorbed by chlorophyll to
excite more of its electrons. (1m)
More energy is thus released by the electrons to synthesise more ATP and split
more water molecules into hydrogen and oxygen. (1m)
More ATP and hydrogen can then be used in the next stage of photosynthesis.(1m)
(b) (i) temperature (1m)
carbon dioxide concentration (1m)
(ii) An increase in temperature can increase the activity of enzymes involved in
photosynthetic reactions and hence the rate of photosynthesis. (1m)
An increase in carbon dioxide concentration provides more carbon to be fixed
into triose phosphate, the primary photosynthetic product. (1m)
________
(7 marks)
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Skill assessed Marks
(a) Applying concepts 3
(b)(i) Applying concepts 2
(b)(ii) Applying concepts 2

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* For each of the organelle structures listed in column 1, select from column 2 one

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 HKDSE BIOLOGY—Concepts and Applications Chapter 22
Question Bank Short questions

reaction that occurs there. Put the appropriate letter in the space provide. (3 marks)
Column 1 Column 2
thylakoid (a) A. Krebs cycle
chloroplast’s stroma (b) B. photolysis
mitochondrial matrix (c) C. Calvin cycle
D. glycolysis
E. oxidative phosphorylation
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(a) B (1m)
(b) C (1m)
(c) A (1m)
________
(3 marks)
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Skill assessed Marks
(a) – (c) Understanding basic concepts 3

|!|BIESB0220000003|!|
* The following paragraph describes the process of Calvin cycle. Complete the paragraph
with suitable word(s). (5 marks)

In Calvin cycle, a (a) ______________________ molecule combines with a five-

carbon (5-C) carbon dioxide (b) ________________ to form an unstable 6-C
compound, which immediately splits into two molecules of 3-C compound. The 3-C
compound is reduced by (c) ______________________ to form another 3-C compound
called (d) ___________________________ that can be used to form a 6-C
(e)__________________ molecule, and the 5-C compound.
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(a) carbon dioxide (1m)
(b) acceptor (1m)
(c) NADPH (1m)
(d) triose phosphate (1m)
(e) glucose (1m)
________
(5 marks)
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 HKDSE BIOLOGY—Concepts and Applications Chapter 22
Question Bank Short questions

Skill assessed Marks

(a) – (e) Analysing data 5

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* The following diagram shows the cross section of a leaf.

According to the diagram, describe how the leaf is adapted to

(a) maximise the rate of photosynthesis. (3 marks)

(b) minimise the rate of water loss. (2 marks)

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(a) Any three of the following: (1 mark each) (3m)
- Palisade mesophyll cells are tightly packed.

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 HKDSE BIOLOGY—Concepts and Applications Chapter 22
Question Bank Short questions

- Palisade mesophyll cells are densely packed with chloroplasts.

- Spongy mesophyll cells are loosely packed to facilitate gas exchange.
- Xylem provides water for photosynthesis.
- Stomata allow exchange of carbon dioxide and oxygen.
(b) Any two of the following: (1 mark each) (2m)
- More stomata are located on the lower surface.
- Epidermal cells are covered with a waxy cuticle.
- Other reasonable answers
________
(5 marks)
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Skill assessed Marks
(a) Analysing data 3
(b) Analysing data 2

|!|BIESB0220000005|!|
* The following electron micrograph shows a chloroplast.

(a) Identify A and B. (2 marks)

(b) Suggest two ways that chloroplasts are adapted to photosynthesis (2 marks)

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(a) A: thylakoids (1m)
B: stroma (1m)

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 HKDSE BIOLOGY—Concepts and Applications Chapter 22
Question Bank Short questions

(b) Any two of the following: (1 mark each) (2m)

- The extensive network of thylakoid membranes provides a large surface area
for the attachment of chlorophyll molecules and this allows efficient light
absorption.
- The stroma contains the enzymes that are involved in the reactions of
photosynthesis.
- The grana in thylakoids are interconnected to allow efficient transport of
photosynthetic products.
- other reasonable answer
________
(4 marks)
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Skill assessed Marks
(a) Analysing data 2
(b) Understanding basic concepts 2

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* The following diagram shows the light-independent stage of photosynthesis.

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HKDSE BIOLOGY—Concepts and Applications Chapter 22
Question Bank Short questions

CO2

5-C carbon dioxide acceptor 3-C compound

Triose phosphate

glucose

(a) Name this light-independent stage of photosynthesis. (1 mark)

(b) The light-independent stage consists of three processes, X, Y and Z.

(i) State the process(s) that requires energy in the form of ATP. (1 mark)

(ii) State the process(s) that requires hydrogen from NADPH. (1 mark)

(c) How many triose phosphate molecules are required to synthesise one molecule of
glucose? (1 mark)

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(a) Calvin cycle (1m)

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 HKDSE BIOLOGY—Concepts and Applications Chapter 22
Question Bank Short questions

(b) (i) Y, Z (1m)

(ii) Y (1m)
(c) two (1m)
________
(4 marks)
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Skill assessed Mark
(a) Analysing data 1
(b)(i) Analysing data 1
(b)(ii) Analysing data 1
(c) Understanding basic concepts 1

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* The table below shows the carbon dioxide concentration and the corresponding rate of
photosynthesis in an herbaceous plant.

Carbon dioxide concentration Rate of photosynthesis

(arbitrary units) (arbitrary units)
30 20
60 40
90 60
150 80
240 100
300 120
360 120
390 120
(a) Describe and explain the trend shown by the data in the above table. (4 marks)

(b) Besides carbon dioxide concentration, suggest two other factors that will affect the
rate of photosynthesis. (2 marks)

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(a) When the carbon dioxide concentration increases, the rate of photosynthesis

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HKDSE BIOLOGY—Concepts and Applications Chapter 22
Question Bank Short questions

increases. (1m)
It is because more raw materials are provided for the plant to carry out
photosynthesis. (1m)
When the carbon dioxide concentration reaches 300 arbitrary units, the
photosynthetic rate levels off. (1m)
This is because some other factors become limiting. (1m)
(b) light intensity (1m)
temperature (1m)
or other reasonable answer
________
(6 marks)
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Skill assessed Marks
(a) Analysing data 4
(b) Understanding basic concepts 2

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 HKDSE BIOLOGY—Concepts and Applications Chapter 22
Question Bank Short questions

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** Tommy investigated the effect of temperature on the net rate of photosynthesis in
mountain azalea at three different light intensities. He also investigated the effect of
temperature on the rate of respiration in the plant. The following graph shows the
results. Curves A, B and C show the results under high, medium and low light
intensities respectively.
4 2

A 1.5
3
Rate of
Net rate of B
respiration
photosynthesis (mg CO2
(mg CO2 2 1
C release / g / h)
uptake / g / h)
()
()
1 0.5

0 0
0 10 20 30 40 50
Temperature (°C)

(a) Name one factor that needed to be controlled in this investigation. (1 mark)

(b) Name two factors that limited the rate of photosynthesis between temperatures of
0°C and 10°C at low light intensity. (2 marks)

(c) Mountain azalea is a plant which grows on mountains. The area where Tommy
collected the samples will become much cloudier and warmer during summer. The
temperature could rise from 20°C to 25°C. Describe how the climatic change
would affect the growth of mountain azalea. (3 marks)

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HKDSE BIOLOGY—Concepts and Applications Chapter 22
Question Bank Short questions

(a) Any one of the following: (1m)

- carbon dioxide concentration
- the size of the plant to be used
- other reasonable answer
(b) temperature (1m)
light intensity (1m)
(c) Growth will decrease when temperature increases from 20°C to 25°C because
(1m)
the rate of respiration will increase at higher temperature and (1m)
the rate of photosynthesis decreases as the process is limited by light intensity.
(1m)
________
(6 marks)
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Skill assessed Mark(s)
(a) Practical skills 1
(b) – (c) Analysing data 5

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