ENVIRONMENTAL

SCIENCE BATCH 17

FINAL
PRESENTATION GROUP 1
Contents! CAUSES
ENVIRONMENTAL What causes this
PROBLEM Environmental Problem

INTRODUCTION & SOLUTIONS

RATIONALE To reduce and eradicate this
environmental problem.
Why did we choose this topic and
why do we need to solve this
environmental problem. CONCLUSION
EVIDENCES REFERENCES & MEMBER
Pieces of evidence proving the CONTRIBUTIONS
environmental problem exists
AIR POLLUTION
I WILL HELP
ELIMINATE THIS
ENVIRONMENTAL
PROBLEM
AIR POLLUTION
INTRODUCTION
& RATIONALE
 Introduction
RATIONALE

Air pollution is a type of

environmental pollution that
affects the air and is usually caused
by smoke or other harmful gases,
mainly oxides of carbon, Sulphur
and nitrogen.

Mainly of 2 types:

1. Ambient Air Pollution

(Outdoor)

2. Household Air Pollution

(Indoor)
 Why do we need to solve this
environmental problem of AIR POLLUTION?
• Air pollution is a familiar environmental health hazard which refers to any physical, chemical or
biological change in the air.
• There are two main types of air pollution – Ambient air pollution (outdoor pollution) and
Household (or indoor) air pollution refers to pollution generated by household combustion of
fuels (caused by burning fuel such as coal, wood or kerosene) using open fires or basic stoves in
poorly ventilated spaces. Both ambient and household air pollution can contribute to each other,
as air moves from inside buildings to the outside, and vice versa.
• The health effects of air pollution are serious that can affect everyone’s health. When we breathe,
pollutant enters our lungs and can enter the bloodstream. It can contribute to small annoyances
like coughing or itchy eyes and also cause or worsen many diseases involving the lungs.
• This is closely linked to climate change- Burning of fossil fuels – for power, transportation, and
industry – is the main source of the carbon emissions driving climate change, and a major
contributor to health-damaging air pollution and efforts to mitigate one can improve the other.
• The lack of visible smog is no indication that the air is healthy. Across the world, both cities and
villages are seeing toxic pollutants in the air exceed the average annual values recommended by
WHO’s air quality guidelines. Both extent and duration of the exposure influence health
outcomes.

https://www.pca.state.mn.us/air/why-you-should-care-air-quality-and-health
• Worldwide, up to 14% of children aged 5 – 18 years have asthma related to
factors that include air pollution. Every year, 5,43,000 children* younger
than 5 years die of respiratory disease linked to air pollution.
• According to the World Health Organization, every year around 7 million
premature deaths are attributable to air pollution—a staggering 800 people
every hour or 13 every minute.
• Considerable effects mediated by air pollutants on the human skin may
contribute to skin aging, atopic dermatitis, skin cancer, psoriasis, and acne
• Toxic pollutants in the air, or deposited on soils or surface waters, can impact
wildlife in a number of ways. Like humans, animals can experience health
problems if they are exposed to sufficient concentrations of air toxics over
time.
• This also causes damage to crops, forests, water bodies and contributes to the
depletion of the ozone layer, which protects the Earth from the sun's UV rays.
Another negative effect of air pollution is the formation of acid rain, which
harms trees, soils, rivers, and wildlife.
• Reducing pollutants in the air is important for human health and the
environment as Air pollution is now considered to be the world’s largest
environmental health threat.
https://www.who.int/news-room/spotlight/how-air-pollution-is-destroying-our-health
EFFECTS!
What are the adverse
consequences of this
environmental problem?
People experience a wide range of health effects from being exposed to air pollution.
Effects can be broken down into short-term effects and long-term effects.
ON HUMANS
Short-term effects, which are temporary, include illnesses such
as pneumonia or bronchitis. They also include discomfort such as irritation to the nose,
throat, eyes, or skin. Air pollution can also cause headaches, dizziness, and nausea. Bad
smells made by factories, garbage, or sewer systems are considered air pollution, too.
These odors are less serious but still unpleasant.

Long-term effects of air pollution can last for years or for an entire lifetime. They can even
lead to a person's death. Long-term health effects from air pollution include heart
disease, lung cancer, and respiratory diseases such as emphysema. Air pollution can also
cause long-term damage to people's nerves, brain, kidneys, liver, and other organs. Some
scientists suspect air pollutants cause birth defects. Nearly 2.5 million people die
worldwide each year from the effects of outdoor or indoor air pollution.

People react differently to different types of air pollution. Young children and older adults,
whose immune systems tend to be weaker, are often more sensitive to pollution.
Conditions such as asthma, heart disease, and lung disease can be made worse by
exposure to air pollution. The length of exposure and amount and type of pollutants are
also factors.
Effects on humans
Irritation in the nose Headache, dizziness,
and eyes, sneezing Brain damage,
and cough

Irritation in the
throat Asthma, Respiratory
diseases like
emphysema, bronchitis,
pneumonia, lung cancer.
Heart diseases

Immunity system is
Liver damage weakens as the body is
sensitive to pollution,

https://www.nationalgeographic.org/encyclopedia/air-pollution/
 THE
INTERCONNECTED
WEB OF THE
OUTCOME OF AIR
POLLUTION ON
HUMANS
Like people, animals, and plants, entire ecosystems can suffer effects from
air pollution. Haze, like smog, is a visible type of air pollution that obscures ENVIRONMENT
shapes and colors. Hazy air pollution can even muffle sounds.
Air pollution particles eventually fall back to Earth. Air pollution can directly contaminate the
surface of bodies of water and soil. This can kill crops or reduce their yield. It can kill young trees and
other plants.

Sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxide particles in the air, can create acid rain when they mix with water
and oxygen in the atmosphere. These air pollutants come mostly from coal-fired power plants
and motor vehicles. When acid rain falls to Earth, it damages plants by changing soil
composition; degrades water quality in rivers, lakes and streams; damages crops; and can cause
buildings and monuments to decay.

Like humans, animals can suffer health effects from exposure to air pollution. Birth defects, diseases,
and lower reproductive rates have all been attributed to air pollution.

Global Warming - Global warming is an environmental phenomenon caused by natural and

anthropogenic air pollution. It refers to rising air and ocean temperatures around the world. This
temperature rise is at least partially caused by an increase in the amount of greenhouse gases in the
atmosphere. Greenhouse gases trap heat energy in the Earths atmosphere. (Usually, more of Earths
heat escapes into space.)
 Effects in the Environment
Dull, gloomy Increases global
Damage of climate warming Disrupted
monuments ecosystem
Damage of (Haze, smog,
soil and loss of acid rain)
crops due to
air pollution

https://www.nationalgeographic.org/encyclopedia/air-pollution/
PICTURES RESEARCH
ARTICLES
NEWS

EVIDENCES
Pieces of evidence proving
the environmental problem
exists
News Article 1:
New Delhi: Twenty-two of the world's 30 most polluted cities are in
India, with Delhi being ranked as the most polluted capital city globally,
a new report said today. The report is prepared by Swiss organisation,
IQAir, in the form of the 'World Air Quality Report, 2020', which has
released globally.
The report, however, shows that Delhi's air quality improved by
approximately 15 per cent from 2019 to 2020. It said that despite the
improvement, Delhi ranked as the 10th most polluted city and the top
polluted capital city in the world.
Gate Way of India SMOG "India continues to feature prominently at the top of
the most polluted cities ranking, with 22 of the top 30
most polluted cities globally," the report said. Besides
Delhi, the 21 other Indian cities among the 30 most
polluted cities in the world are Ghaziabad,
Bulandshahar, Bisrakh Jalalpur, Noida, Greater
Noida, Kanpur, Lucknow, Meerut, Agra and
Muzaffarnagar in Uttar Pradesh, Bhiwari in
Rajasthan, Faridabad, Jind, Hisar, Fatehabad,
Bandhwari, Gurugram, Yamuna Nagar, Rohtak and
Dharuhera in Haryana, and Muzaffarpur in Bihar.
 The global cities ranking report is based on PM2.5 data
from 106 countries, which is measured by ground-based
monitoring stations, most of which is operated by
government agencies. The report also reveals the impact of
COVID-19 lockdown and behavioural changes on global
particulate pollution (PM2.5) levels.
Major sources of India's air pollution include
transportation, biomass burning for cooking, electricity
generation, industry, construction, waste burning and
episodic agricultural burning. “The transportation sector is
one of the major contributors to India's leading PM2.5
emission sources across cities, the report said.
Contextualising the global IQAir report in the Indian
context, Avinash Chanchal, Climate Campaigner at
Greenpeace India said while many cities, including Delhi,
have recorded marginal improvements in air quality due to
lockdowns, the health and economic cost of air pollution
remains severe. "Speeding up the transition to clean
energy and clean transport not only saves lives but also
dramatically reduces healthcare-related costs, Mr
Chanchal said.
https://www.ndtv.com/india-news/22-of-the-worlds-30-most-polluted-cities-are-in-india-delhi-most-polluted-capital-city-report-2392028
News Article 2:
Schools and colleges in Delhi top the list of buildings that have
higher Particulate Matter (PM) concentration levels, a study on
indoor air quality by the Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Delhi
has found. According to the study, the concentration levels of
PM10 and PM2.5 in the buildings were recorded 2-5 times higher
than the permissible limits set by the Central Pollution Control
Board for ambient air quality in India, 100 µg/m3 for PM10 and
60 µg/m3 for PM2.5. The levels are 10-15 times higher than
WHO's 24-hour average limits for all monitored buildings (WHO,
2016), it claimed.
"The educational institutes (schools and colleges)
top the list for high PM concentration. Despite ban
on tobacco smoking in public spaces, it was
observed that people were rampantly smoking in
offices, hospitals and colleges. The Total Volatile
Organic Compounds (TVOC) levels are also
recorded high, with the highest being in hospitals
and restaurants due to rampant use of chemical
cleaning agents, floor cleaners and cooking oils,"
the study said.
 "The CO2 levels are also recorded high in hospitals,
colleges, offices as well as in restaurants due to higher
occupancy and inadequate ventilation. Though schools
too have higher occupancy but all the selected schools
are naturally ventilated so CO2 levels are within the
permissible limits except one or two schools.
"The deteriorated Indoor Air Quality (IAQ) with high
levels of air pollutants can have much more severe
impacts on the health of the people as almost 80-90 pc
of our total time is spent in such buildings. World
Health Organization (WHO) has designated indoor air
pollution (IAP) as one of the four most critical global
environmental problems in developing countries," it
said.

https://www.ndtv.com/india-news/delhi-schools-colleges-
top-list-of-buildings-made-with-pollutants-iit-study-
2374432
Research Article 1:
Air pollution is a major cause of premature death and disease, and is the
largest environmental health threat globally. Besides endangering health
and shortening lifespan, air pollution adversely affects economic
productivity as well. The Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) called for
reduction of the burden of deaths and diseases from air pollution.
Evidence of the adverse effects of air pollution on health has been growing
in India. Studies from India have shown that short-term and long-term
exposure to air pollution are associated with disease burden and mortality.
The India State-Level Disease Burden Initiative has reported detailed findings on exposure to air pollution
and its impacts on deaths and life expectancy in the states of India as part of the Global Burden of Disease
Study (GBD) 2017.
This study provides the updated estimates of deaths and morbidity attributable to air pollution in every
state of India in 2019 based on the improved GBD 2019 methods, which reveal that this burden is higher
than was previously estimated. It also estimates the economic loss due to lost output from premature death
and morbidity attributable to different components of air pollution at the state level based on the updated
estimates of deaths and morbidity attributable to air pollution. The findings in this paper highlight that the
disease burden attributable to air pollution and its economic impact are high in India, with substantial
variations across the states. The wide variations in economic loss attributable to ambient particulate matter
pollution, household air pollution, and ambient ozone pollution across the states of India, both in absolute
terms and as a percentage of gross domestic product, can be useful for the planning and implementation of
targeted interventions at the state level.
 The increasing death rate attributable to ambient
particulate matter pollution reflects increasing pollutant
emissions from rising energy consumption, accelerated
urbanisation, rapid industrialisation, and growing
numbers of petroleum-powered vehicles. Evidence
suggests that climate change can amplify the adverse
impacts of air pollution through atmospheric stagnation,
temperature-driven increases in PM2·5 concentration, and
ground-level ozone formation, which are likely to be
particularly severe in India.51,52 The economic burden
due to lost productivity will increase in magnitude in the
years ahead if air pollution continues to worsen. If air
pollution is not aggressively controlled and managed, its
great costs could not only undermine plans to increase
India’s economy to $5·0 trillion by 2024, but would also
impede the growth in inclusive wealth of the nation
through reduced human capital stock. The total health
expenditure in India is 3·8% of GDP,46 while the economic
loss due to lost output from pre-mature deaths and
morbidity attributable to air pollution estimated in this
study was 1·36% of GDP, indicating that the total
economic impact of air pollution is high. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/34819000
3_2020-Air_Pollution_in_India-_GBD_study
 Research Article 2:
Rising urbanisation, booming industrialisation, and associated
anthropogenic activities are the prime reasons that lead to air
pollutant emissions and poor air quality. It is expected that by 2030,
around 50% of the global population will be residing in urban areas.
More than 80% of population in urban areas is exposed to emissions
that exceed the standards set by World Health Organization. As per
WHO (2016) estimates, 10 out of the 20 most populated cities in the
world are in India. Based on the concentrations of PM2.5 emissions,
India was ranked the fifth most polluted country by WHO. The Indian
cities, on average, exceeded the WHO threshold by an alarming 500%.

The consistent population growth has led to an

excessive strain on the energy consumption, thereby
affecting the environment and the air quality of the
megacities. The transportation sector is the main
contributor of air pollutants in almost every city, this
phenomenon is worse in urban cities. In India, the
amount of motorised transport increased from 0.3
million in 1951 to 159.5 million in 2012. A significant
share of vehicular emissions comes from urban cities,
such as Delhi, Mumbai, Bengaluru, and Kolkata.
 Over the last few decades, India has witnessed large-scale
industrialisation. This has degraded the air quality in most urban cities.
The Central Pollution Control Board has categorised the polluting
industries into 17 types, out of these categories, seven have been marked
as 'critical' industries that include iron and steel, sugar, paper, cement,
fertiliser, copper, and aluminium. Rajkot and Pune are the two cities
where industries play a prominent role in contributing to the highest
amount of PM2.5.
In India, about 80% of municipal solid waste is still discarded into open
dumping yards and landfills, which leads to various GHG emissions apart
from the issues of foul odour and poor water quality at nearby localities.
The lack of proper treatment of MSW and biomass burning has been
responsible in causing air pollution in urban cities.

In this context, the NCAP launched by the Government of India appears

to be a timely intervention. It is based on a long-term, time-bound,
national-level strategy to tackle air pollution in a comprehensive manner
with targets to achieve 20–30% reduction in particulate matter (PM)
concentrations by 2024. It is expected that such initiatives by the central
https://www.teriin.org/ar
and state governments along with the participation of local bodies and
ticle/air-pollution-india-
other stakeholders comprising academia, research institutions, and
major-issues-and-
public interest groups would result in ensuring better air quality in India.
challenges
 CAUSES!
What causes this
Environmental Problem
Why?
Agricultural activities Transportation
Agricultural activities have had a There is no denying that vehicle pollution
serious impact on the decreasing air is the major contributor to air pollution,
quality. To begin with pesticides especially in urban cities. When the car
and fertilizers are the main source burns gasoline, it emits pollutants in the
to contaminate the surrounding air. air which is as harmful as smoking 10
Nowadays, pesticides and fertilizers cigarettes a day. Your vehicle emits
are mixed with new invasive species carbon monoxide, hydrocarbons,
which are not found in nature, for nitrogen oxide, and particulate matter.
quick growth of the crops and When the vehicle pollution is high in the
vegetation. Once they are sprayed atmosphere, it creates a hole in the ozone
over, the smell and the effect of the layer contributing to smog and causing
pesticides are left in the air. Some various health issues.
mix with water and some seeps into
the ground which not only destroys
the crops but also causes numerous
health-related issues.
 Indoor Air pollution Industrial Emission
Talking about air pollution, we always Industrial activities emit several pollutants
consider outdoor air pollution dangerous for in the air that affects the air quality more
our lives but never talk about indoor air than we can even imagine. Particulate
pollution. Household products cause indoor matter 2.5 and 10, Nitrogen dioxide, Sulfur
air pollution which is 10 times more harmful dioxide, and carbon monoxide are key
than outdoor air pollution. Volatile Organic pollutants that are emitted from industries
Compounds (VOCs) found in paints, cleaners that use coal and wood as their primary
and personal care products such as perfume energy source for production of their goods.
and deodorants are a reason for common Industrial pollution effects associated with
heath issues. Risks like asthma or other your health can range from irritation in
respiratory issues and lung disease are other your eyes and throat to breathing issues, at
issues cause by inhaling poor house air times can even lead to chronic illness.
quality. Use of toxic products also called as
Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs),
inadequate ventilation, uneven temperature,
and humidity level can cause indoor air
pollution, whether you are in office, school or
at your comfortable home..
Burning of fossil fuels Construction & Demolition
Most of the air pollution takes place
During clean air act movement, the
due to the burning of fossil fuels such
Central Pollution Control Board
as coal, oil, gasoline to produce energy
(CPCB) registered the highest
for electricity or transportation. The
number of air pollution complaints
release of carbon monoxide in high
in the Delhi NCR due to construction
level indicates how much fossil fuel is
and demolition activities. With the
burned. This also emits other toxic
rise of population in the city,
pollutants in the air. Inhaling air
construction and demolition is a part
induced with pollutants due to the
of the ever going development phase
burning of natural gas and fossil
of the national capital. Several
fuel reduces heart’s ability to
construction sites and raw materials
pump enough oxygen causing one to
such as bricks and concrete cause
suffer respiratory illness.
haze and foul air which is hazardous
for the people especially, children
and elderly citizens.
 Open burning of
garbage
Open burning of garbage is much more
harmful to your health and the
environment than one may think. As per
Engage EPW (Economic and Political
Weekly), Delhi Air Pollution is choking
public health. Delhi generates a
whopping 9500 tons of waste every day,
which makes it India’s second waste
dumping city. Exposure to open burning
of garbage waste can pose serious health
risk including cancer, liver issues,
impairment of immune system,
reproductive functions; can also affect
the developing nervous system.
References
 Article 1:
Long-term exposure to outdoor and household air pollution
contributed to over 1.67 million annual deaths from stroke,
heart attack, diabetes, lung cancer, chronic lung diseases and
neonatal diseases in India Outdoor and household particulate
matter pollution also contributed to the deaths of more than
1,16,000 Indian infants in their first month of life last year.
More than half of these deaths were associated with outdoor PM2.5 and others were linked
to use of solid fuels such as charcoal, wood, and animal dung for cooking. The government
has claimed that the average levels of pollution has been declining since the last 3 yrs. but
these have been marginal.
As we know there was a decline in air pollution due to nationwide lockdown ,but with the
process of reopening the air pollution has risen again and air quality has dipped to 'very
poor' in some cities. Though there aren't evidences of a direct correlation of COVID-19 with
air pollution but a study titled 'Establishing a link between fine particulate matter zones
and COVID - 19 over India based on anthropogenic emission sources and air quality data'.
People with heart and lung diseases are particularly at risk of infection and death .It's
creating a growing concern that exposure to high levels of air pollution can act as a catalyst
in aggravating COVID-19 cases and deaths.

https://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/Delhi/air-pollution-now-biggest-health-risk-in-india-says-report/article32912916.ece
Article 2:
Pollution refers to the contamination of the earth's environment
with materials that interfere with human health, quality of life or
the natural functioning of the ecosystems. The major forms of
pollution include water pollution, air pollution, noise pollution and
soil contamination. Air pollution appears to be responsible for a
larger proportion of pollution. Air pollution is responsible for many
health problems in the urban areas. Of late, the air pollution
status in Delhi has undergone many changes in terms of the levels
of pollutants and the control measures taken to reduce them. This
paper provides an evidence-based insight into the status of air
pollution in Delhi and its effects on health and control measures
instituted.
A large number of studies in Delhi have examined the effect of air pollution on respiratory
functions and the associated morbidity. The urban air database released by the World Health
Organization in September 2011 reported that Delhi has exceeded the maximum PM10 limit by
almost 10-times at 198 μg/m3. Vehicular emissions and industrial activities were found to be
associated with indoor as well as outdoor air pollution in Delhi. Studies on air pollution and
mortality from Delhi found that all-natural-cause mortality and morbidity increased with
increased air pollution

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3612296/
Article 3:
It is shocking to know that out of top twenty most polluted cities
in the world, thirteen are in India (The capital city of India, Delhi
has recognized as the most polluted city in the world).Pollution is
real threat to health and well being of man kind .Studies by WHO
reveal that globally seven million people died because of
exposure of air pollution. Those include death due to exposure to
toxic pollutants both inside house(kitchen emissions, building,
materials) and in environment(industry emissions, automobile
exhaust).
The major sources of air pollution in India and around the globe
are automobile exhaust and industrial emissions .
It is indeed an alarming issue for the health of our future
generations. We are aware of the ill effects of the environmental
pollutants and toxicants on health status of humans as well as
other living organisms and the environment (Ghosh and Parida
2015).The most vulnerable to the toxic effects of the pollutants
are children and old people.
 Government of India has already taken
several measures to prevent and control air
pollution in the country. Electrostatic
precipitators have been added to chimneys
of industries to prevent emissions of
particulate matters in the environment.
We should also seriously consider
alternative energy use to reduce pollution.
Using respiratory mask should be
encouraged among traffic cops and others
who get regularly exposed.
Some strict laws should be made to control environmental
pollution in the major cities of India as some deadly
diseases like cancer, asthma, etc. are increasing in Indian
population, and pollution is indeed responsible for
increasing incidences.

https://www.researchgate.net/publication/283072534_Air_Pollution_and_India_Current_Scenario
STEPS

REFERENCES

SOLUTIONS
To reduce and eradicate
this environmental
problem.
 How to go
about solving
this problem?

ANALYSE IMPLIMENT

Step 1 Step 2 Step 3 Step 4

UNDERSTAND PLAN
Step 1: Understand Where Step 2: Reduce your
Air Pollution Comes From use of Automobiles
According to the federal Environmental Protection
Automobiles do more than just contribute to ground-
Agency (EPA), there are six major causes of air
level ozone. The making of gasoline requires the burning
pollution in the world. These are ground-level
of coal and oil which causes an increase in sulfur
ozone, particulate matter, lead, sulfur dioxide,
dioxides, another of the six leading causes of air
nitrogen oxides and carbon monoxide.
pollution. The EPA says petroleum refineries are key
While most people have heard of carbon monoxide, producers of sulfur dioxides and the more time spent
lead and particulate matter, they might be surprised behind the wheel of a car means more air pollution for
to learn that the primary source of air pollution everyone to breathe.
today is ground-level ozone. Unlike the natural
While it may not be possible to completely eliminate your
ozone layer that surrounds the earth and helps
use of automobiles, try consolidating errands and
regulate temperature by shielding it from the sun’s
shopping to keep from making multiple trips to the same
harmful rays, ground-level ozone occurs when
location. If you live near a commuter railway, make a
nitrogen oxides mix with volatile organic
commitment to take the train at least one day a week to
compounds. The chemical reaction that follows
work. Looking for a new set of wheels? Why not buy a
emits ground-level ozone that can lead to numerous
hybrid. These great vehicles combine electric and fuel
health problems. Upper respiratory ailments such
energy to get better mileage and many produce nearly
as asthma, bronchitis and emphysema are all
zero emissions.
related to ground-level ozone.
 Step 3: Plant More Plants Step 4: Go Solar
and trees
NASA recently discovered that many household Electricity might seem a green way to heat your home,
but the VOCs generated by electrical utility plants are
plants, like the Gerbera Daisy, Peace Lily and
among the highest in all forms of manufacturing.
English Ivy are instrumental in removing carbon
Nitrogen oxides are also a byproduct of electrical
monoxide from the air. utilities and as we have seen in Step 1, combining the
Operating much like the human liver, these common two can lead to deadly increases in ground-level ozone.
indoor plants actually filter harmful chemicals and Utility companies produce more sulfur dioxides than
petroleum plants and the amount of other resources
dangerous compounds from the air, absorbing the
necessary to operate the plants make electric utilities a
toxins through tiny pores in their leaves and
less-than optimum choice when looking to “power” your
“digesting” the pollution through their stems, roots
home.
and out through the soil.
Today’s solar panels are unique in both design and
Using these natural air filters in your home or office installation. Whereas previous generation panels were
can greatly reduce the amount of indoor air pollution large and unsightly perched above your roof, modern
and help eliminate recurring colds and respiratory versions are colorful, install directly into the roof tiles
problems. According to the NASA study, other and can usually generate enough electricity to power
helpful varieties for clean air are the bamboo palm, your home, heat your hot water and have enough left
Chinese evergreen and any of the Dracaena trees. over to sell back to the utility company.
 Step 5: Get the lead out! Step 6: Never dust again
The dangers of lead-based paint have been Well, not really. But be careful about the kind
known since roughly the 1970s, however, of dust you stir up. Much of the thick brown
recent environmental issues surrounding haze you see over large urban areas is a
imported toys have caused everyone to rethink combination of dust from construction sites,
the use of lead in common household smoke from factories and the emissions from
products. Leaded fuels were phased out after cars mixed together. While we might not be
the 1990 Amendment to the federal Clean Air able to control the number of cars on the road
Act, making trash-burning, battery storage, or the types of factories that operate, we can
and utility-leaching the major sources of watch our yard for dry patches and do our
household lead pollution. part to eliminate dust.
Never burn trash or use your fireplace to get This is especially important if you use a lot of
rid of excess garbage. Most importantly, check chemical fertilizers or other treatments on
the label on painted items such as furniture, our patch of ground because those chemicals
decorator items and children’s toys. If you are will mix with others once airborne and could
unsure if the item contains lead-based paint, cause even greater health problems.
contact the manufacturer and ask.

https://www.everydayhealth.com/healthy-living/green-health/7-ways-reduce-air-pollution/
 50%
75%

They say it's not easy being green, but we beg

to differ. In this day and age, conservation is
key. As the ozone layer whittles away, the
100%
water supply dries up and the environmental
bleeding continues, many people are taking a
stand and going green. We must also be
aware and accomplish our parts.
 NON – CONVENTIONAL SOLUTIONS
Air pollution has been an on-going problem here in India and the amount of pollution
will continue to increase. The capital city of India itself, Delhi has been ranked to be one
of the most polluted cities in the world in relation to air pollution and the people of the
city have been suffering. The number of young kids with respiratory problems such as
asthma is only growing and something has to be done to combat this situation.

Although when we think of help during a crisis, we may think of the government being
the saviour, however some of the most ingenious solutions thought of India to help aid
in the fight against air pollution came from some private companies.

IKEA, a Swedish multinational corporation that specialises in furniture and home goods,
is a prime example. In 2019, IKEA introduced a collection that made use of rice straws
(crop debris) as a raw material. Every year, farmers in Northwest India burn roughly 39
million tonnes of rice straw residue on their farms to clear the field for the following
harvest—these actions contribute up to 45 per cent of the deadly haze that envelops
Delhi during the stubble burning season. IKEA's inventive solution demonstrates the
possibility of turning a waste product into a financially viable resource that cuts air
pollution.
Another new solution for combating air pollution is the 'Zephyr' air quality monitor,
developed by mobility management business Siemens Mobility and air quality experts
at Earth Sense. The sensor can generate real-time readings for a variety of
contaminants, allowing local governments to make significant and timely responses
based on credible pollution data and current air quality conditions.

Another major method through which the corporate sector can improve air quality is
through Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) investments. Companies with a net
worth of US$ 68.5 million, revenue of US$ 137 million, or net profit of US$ 700,000
should spend two per cent of their average profit in the previous three years on social
development-related activities such as education, healthcare, poverty alleviation, and
environmental sustainability, according to the CSR guidelines, which went into effect
on April 1, 2014. Businesses can effectively use CSR contributions to solve the
interconnected concerns of air pollution and climate change. Cummins India Limited's
"Creating Oxygen Hubs" initiative, established in Pune, Maharashtra, is a notable CSR
initiative to enhance air quality. Cummins worked with a variety of NGOs, civic
agencies, Maharashtra's forest and defence departments, and local volunteers to plant
over 35,000 trees in the city over several phases.
 Now it’s not just the big multinational companies that help in finding solutions;

Here are five ingenious innovations , thought of and created by some Indian
companies that help in combating air pollution:
1) Air pollution with the world’s first retro-fit emission control device for diesel generators. It
captures ~90% of particulate matter emissions from the exhaust air without reducing energy
efficiency. The diesel soot captured from the exhaust is converted into inks and paints.
2) ADITYA, India’s first solar ferry, built by NavAlt Solar & Electric Boats, brings together
innovation in naval design and engineering, solar power and advanced controls. It is India’s
first commercially viable solar-powered ferry. The 75 seater ferry gets over 80% of its energy
from the sun and can cruise over 6 hours on a sunny day.
3) Cell zyme Biotech from Coimbatore uses an engineered enzyme to make antibiotics at room
temperature without using solvents – a main contributor to air quality. The novel production
process reduces the environmental footprint by replacing harsh industrial chemicals and
conserving energy.
4) Inspired by the traditional Indian method of cooking on charcoal, Agnisumukh
manufactures commercial kitchen equipment driven by innovative, energy efficient radiant
heat gas burners. These ultra-efficient cooking stoves save 30% on gas, improve cooking and
help beat indoor air pollution in commercial kitchens.
5) There are microwaves now available in the Indian market to treat infectious waste and
eliminate air emissions, including toxic POPs (Persistent Organic Pollutants) – toxic chemicals
that adversely affect human health and the environment around the world.

https://www.orfonline.org/research/finding-solutions-to-air-pollution-in-india-the-role-of-policy-finance-and-communities-74311/
CONCLUSIONS
 However, Indian government has
Air pollution has long been a serious implemented some solutions ,for
problem in India , reflecting both the example switching to a cleaner fuel,
importance of highly polluting set rules to reduce the emissions , and
industries for the national economy do campaign to spread knowledge
and political factors such as the low about the effects of pollution and
priority of environmental issues and about how they can personally help
lack of public participation. out will be important to create a
Challenges have been felt globally culture that values the environment.
because life processes have been
interfered with.
The effects of air pollution will reduce
upon the reduction of air pollution.
The government and citizens have a
collective responsibility in the
prevention and control of air
pollution.
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about-air-pollution m=%22Air+Pollution%22
MEMBERS & CONTRIBUTIONS
VARADA SHAHA REYWATTEE BHAGAT
Effects &
Compiling, Causes FAHIZ SHEIK
editing
RIYA TANDON NEHA GHANGHAS Evidences
Evidences Causes
ADARSH PARASAR
SHREYASI DONGRE ATHITH GOWDA
Non- Solutions
Rationale Conventional
Solutions