Genilo, Mark Angelo T.

July 15, 2021

BSME-4 MEN 424

Project Part 1 – Cold Storage Cooling Load Requirement

Compute the cooling load requirement in Btu/hr of this Cold Storage with the
following data below.

Design Parameters:
Room Dimension: 70m L x 30m W x 13m CH (Ceiling Height)
Storage Temperature: -18°C, 50% RH (Frozen)
Outside Temperature: Maximum ambient temperature = 38°C (100°F) in Sta. Cruz,
Laguna, Philippines on May 31, 2021 (Monday).
Product: Chicken, all classes
Product Entry: 20,000 kg/hr
No. of Pallets: 3500
Pallet Load: 1200 kgs per pallet
Product Temperature: Incoming: -10°C, Outgoing: -18°C
Enclosure Material:
a.) Wall: Insulated Panel (Polyurethane - extruded), 150mm thick
b.) Ceiling Panel: Insulated Panel (Polyurethane - extruded), 150mm thick
c.) Floor: Top – concrete slab (Concrete, Sand aggregate) 200 mm thick, followed
by 150mm thick insulated panel (Polyurethane - extruded), then 100mm thick
lean concrete (Concrete, Mortar or Plaster).
Equipment: Forklift (2 units x 1⁄2 hp) with 8 hours of operation
No. of People: 2
Work hours: 10 hours a day. Overtime Included
Lighting loads: Assume that lights working 12 hours a day
Usage: heavy
Equipment operating time: 20 hours per day

Solution:
STEP 1: Conversion of the parameters
¿
Wall = 150mm ×1∈ 25.4 mm ¿ = 5.906 inches

¿
Ceiling = 150mm ×1∈ 25.4 mm ¿ = 5.906 inches

Floor:
¿
Slab = 200mm ×1∈ 25.4 mm ¿ = 7.874 inches

¿
Insulated Panel = 150mm ×1∈ 25.4 mm ¿ = 5.906 inches

¿
Lean Concrete = 100mm ×1∈ 25.4 mm ¿ = 3.937 inches

Room Dimension: 70m L x 30m W x 13m CH (Ceiling Height)

3.281 ft
Length = 70m × = 229.67 ft.
1m
3.281 ft
Width = 30m × = 98.43 ft.
1m
3.281 ft
Ceiling Height = 13m × = 42.65 ft.
1m

9
Storage Temperature: -18°C = -18°C + 32 = - 0.4 ℉
5
9
Incoming temp: -10°C = -10°C + 32 = 14 ℉
5
9
Outside temp: 38°C = -18°C + 32 = 100.4 ℉ ≈ 100 ℉
5
STEP 2: Compute for the Outside Surface Area
Floor: L × W = 229.67 ft × 98.43 ft = 22,606.418 ft 2

Ceiling: 229.67 ft × 98.43 ft = 22,606.418 ft 2

Walls: 2LH + 2WH = (2 × 229.67 ft × 42.65 ft) + (2 × 98.43ft × 42.65 ft)

= 27,986.93 ft 2

Total Surface Area: Floor + Ceiling + Walls

= 22,606.418 ft 2 + 22,606.418 ft 2 + 27,986.93 ft 2

= 73,199.77 ft 2

Or we can solve it by using this formula: 2(WL + HL + HW)

2 [(229.67 ft × 98.43 ft) + (229.67 ft × 42.65 ft) + (98.43ft × 42.65 ft)]
= 73,199.77 ft 2

STEP 3: Compute the air changes per 24-hour from table 10-9B, and get the heat gain
per cubic ft of air.

a) Compute for the Inside volume (Vi)

Vi = L × W × H
5.906∈.× 2 5.906∈.× 2
Vi = (229.67 ft −¿ ) × (98.43 ft −¿ )×
12 12
¿
(42.65 ft −¿ 7.874∈+5.906∈.+5.906∈ 12 ¿ )

Vi = (228.6857 ft) × (97.446 ft) × (41 ft)

Vi = 913,876.48 ft 3
 b) For the air changes @ 913,876.48 ft 3, Heavy usage (using table 10-9B)

source: Principles of
Refrigeration by R. Dossat

By using
linear extrapolation:
75,000−100,000 1.3−1.1
=
75,000−913,876.48 1.3−x
0.2
0.030 =
1.3−x
0.039 – 0.03x = 0.2
x = -5.36 ≈ -5.4
since, the operation is for heavy usage: add 50%
50
-5.4 × ( +1) = -8.1
100
Air changes @ 913,876.48 ft 3 = -8.1/24-hr
 c) Get the heat gain per ft 3 of air @ 50% RH (using table 10-8B):
Storage temperature: - 0.4 ℉
Outside temp (ambient temp. in Sta. Cruz, Laguna): 100 ℉

source: Principles
of Refrigeration by
R. Dossat

By using
linear Interpolation:
0−(−0.4) 4.01−x
=
0−(−5) 4.01−4.15
4.01−x
0.08 =
−0.14

-0.0112 = 4.01 – x
X = 4.01 + 0.0112 = 4.02
So the heat gain per cubic ft of air @ 50% RH = 4.02 BTU/ ft 3
STEP 4: Get the thermal conductivities (k) at table 10-1:

source:
Principles of
Refrigeration
by R. Dossat

BTU −¿
Wall (Polyurethane, extruded): k1= 0.16
hr−ft 2−℉
BTU −¿
Ceiling (Polyurethane, extruded): k2= 0.16
hr−ft 2−℉
 Flooring:
BTU −¿
Concrete slab (Concrete, Sand aggregate): k3 = 12
hr−ft 2−℉
BTU −¿
Insulated panel (Polyurethane - extruded): k4 = 0.16
hr−ft 2−℉
BTU −¿
Lean concrete (concrete, mortar or plaster): k5 = 5.0
hr−ft 2−℉

STEP 5: Compute for the overall heat conductance (U),

a) Thermal resistance of individual material:
1 1 x
= =
k C k
x1 x2 x3 x4 x5
Total resistance (R) = + + + +
k1 k2 k3 k4 k5
5.906∈. 5.906∈. 7.874∈. 5.906∈.
= 0.16 BTU −¿ + 0.16 BTU −¿ + 12 BTU −¿ + 0.16 BTU −¿ +
hr −ft 2−℉ hr −ft 2−℉ hr−ft 2−℉ hr −ft 2−℉
3.937∈ ¿ ¿
BTU −¿
5.0
hr−ft 2−℉

hr−ft 2−℉
Total resistance (R) = 112.181
BTU
So, for the overall heat conductance (U):
1 1
R= →U=
U R
1
U= hr −ft 2−℉
112.181
BTU
BTU
U = 0.009
hr−ft 2−℉