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MATHEMATICS 8
Quarter IV Week 5

Lesson/Topic: Properties of Parallel lines

MELC: Determines the conditions under which lines and segments are parallel or
perpendicular.

Key Concept
Parallel lines and perpendicular lines can be seen everywhere.

Example of Parallel Lines Example of Perpendicular Lines

Railroad

Grills
 Parallel lines are lines on a plane that do not intersect or meet no matter
how far they are extended. Whereas, perpendicular lines are two distinct lines
intersecting that forms a 900 angle.
To determine if the lines or segments are parallel, perpendicular or neither we
must solve for their slopes. The slope of parallel lines is equal while the slopes of
perpendicular lines are the negative reciprocal of each other or the product of these
two slopes is -1.
Illustration Relationship with slope (m)
Parallel lines Line 1 Line 2
1 1
2 2
-4 -4
−3 −3
5 5
m1=m2

Perpendicular lines Line 1 Line 2 (line1)(line2) = -1

1 1
( )(-2) = -1
2 −2 2

-4 1 1
(-4)( ¿=−1
4 4
3 −5 3 −5
( ¿( )=−1
5 3 5 3

−1
m 1=
m2

−1
m 2=
Illustrative Example 1: m1
Determine if the lines or segments formed by connecting the points are
parallel, perpendicular or neither.
Line 1 with points A(1, 1) and B(0, -1)
Line 2 with points C(2, 1) and D(1, -1)

Solution:
y 2− y 1
Slope (m) formula m=
x 2−x 1
In line 1: A(1,1) B(0, -1) In line 2: C(2,1) B(1, -1) Conclusion / graph
m 1=
−1−1
m 2=
−1−1 Since m 1=2 and m 2=2 they
0−1 1−2 have equal slopes.
−2 −2 Therefore,
m 1= m 2= the two
−1 −1
lines are
m1=2 m2=2 parallel.

Illustrative Example 2:
Determine if the lines or segments formed by the points are parallel,
perpendicular or neither.

Solution:
y 2− y 1
Slope (m) formula m=
x 2−x 1
Line 1 with points Line 2 with points Conclusion / graph
A(0,3) and B(-3,-3) C(-4, 1) and D(0, -1)
m 1=
−3−3
m 2=
−1−1 Since m1=2 and
−3−0 0−(−4) −1
m 2= their slopes are negative
−6 2
m 1= −2
m 2= reciprocal of each other and the
−3 4
product of the two slopes is -1.
m 1=2 −1 Therefore, the lines are
m 2=
2 perpendicular to one another.

Activity 1:

Determine if the lines or segments formed by the points are parallel,

perpendicular or neither.
1. Line 1: A(0,-2) B(-2,-10) Line 2: C(0,4) D(2,0)
2. Line 1: L(-6, 2) O(0, -2) Line 2: V(-4,-6) E(0,0)
3. Line 1: W(-3,3) A(-1, -3) Line 2: Y(0,3) S(2,-3)

Determine if the lines or segments shown in the graph are parallel, perpendicular or
neither.

4. 5.
 Activity 2:
Directions: Choose the letter that corresponds to your answer and write it on
the space before each number.

______1. The following are conditions that (tells) tell us that lines or segments
are parallel EXCEPT.
a. corresponding angles are equal
b. alternate interior angles are equal.
c. slopes are negative reciprocal of one another.
d. lines or segment do not intersect no matter how long they are extended.
______2. The following are conditions that tells us that lines or segments
are perpendicular EXCEPT
a. slopes formed by the lines are equal.
b. angles formed by the lines measures 900
c. slopes are negative reciprocal of one another.
d. lines or segments are intersected at a common point.

For numbers 3 – 5. Line 1: A(−2,4) B(2,2) Line 2: C (4 ,−8) D(−8 ,−2)

______3. The slope of line 1 is ___.

a. −¿2
b. −¿1/2
c. ½
d. 2
______4. The slope of line 2 is ___.
a. −¿2
b. −¿1/2
c. ½
d. 2
______5. The lines are ___.
a. Parallel lines
b. Perpendicular lines
c. Neither parallel nor perpendicular

For numbers 6 - 8. Line 1: A(0 ,−1) B(2 ,−4) Line 2: C (3,5) D(−3,1)

______6. The slope of line 1 is ___.

a. −¿3
b. −¿3/2
c. 2/3
d. 2
_____7. The slope of line 2 is___.
a. −¿2
b. −¿3/2
c. 2/3
 d. 3
_____8. The lines or segments are ___.
a. Parallel lines
b. Perpendicular lines
c. Neither parallel nor perpendicular

For numbers 9-10. Refer to the figure

_____9. The slopes is/are __.

a. equal
b. negative reciprocal of each other
c. intersecting lines
_____10. The lines on the graph at the right are __.
a. Parallel lines
b. Perpendicular lines
c. Neither parallel nor perpendicular

Guide Questions:
1. How will you determine if the lines or segments are parallel, perpendicular, or
neither?

2. Why do you think powerlines are place parallel to

each other? And the electric pole is made
perpendicularly?

3. Buildings were design to standout with its

appearance. Why do you think architects and
engineers construct columns parallel to each
other, while its beams were made perpendicular to
the columns? 

Beams

columns

Answer key

References
Pictures retrieved April 14, 2021
Railroad picture https://www.pinterest.ph/pin/7107311896830702/
 Grills https://mrhonner.com/archives/10873
Perpendicular pictures real life examples https://www.researchgate.net/figure/Examples-
of-objects-with-parallel-and-perpendicular-lines-on-ceilings-in-indoor_fig1_254007680
Powerline https://line.17qq.com/articles/wmkhsfpny.html
Egyptian architecture https://www.homestratosphere.com/types-of-architectural-
columns/

Diaz, Mojica Et al. Next Century Mathematics Grade 8

Coronel, A.C. (2012) Geometry Based on the 2002 BEC. Bookmark, Inc.
Makati City, Philippines.
Orlando A. Oronce and Marilyn O. Mendoza E-Math Grade 8 Revised Edition
Mathematics-Grade 8 Learner’s Module, DepEd-BLR

Prepared by:

REYNA M. SANTOS
Writer MT II- PDMMNHS
Gloria District

Checked and Verified by:

RONNIE B. CODON MICHAEL LLAVE EMELYN M. ARANAS, EdD

MT-I - LMNHS HT-III- LMNHS HT-III- NMHS

Inspected by:

ELMAR T. ALZATE
EPS Mathematics

Published by: Department of Education Division of Oriental Mindoro

Schools Division Superintendent: Susana M. Bautista
Assistant Schools Division Superintendent: Rafael G. Manalo, Ph.D.
Curriculum Implementation Division Chief: Charity R. Agabas-Capunitan
Education Program Supervisor Mathematics: Elmar T. Alzate
Learning Resource Management Section Supervisor: Elmer P. Concepcion