SOLUTION PAPER - 1

Q1. Answer (d)

Solution –

The correct chronological order is:

Event Launch year

Chandrayaan 1 2008
Mangalyaan 2013
Astrosat 2015
Chandrayaan 2 2019

Q2. Answer (b)

Solution –

▪ Polar Satellite Launch Vehicle (PSLV) is the third generation launch vehicle of India.
▪ It is designed mainly to deliver the “earth-observation” or “remote sensing”
satellites with lift-off mass of up to about 1750 Kg.
▪ It is the first Indian launch vehicle to be equipped with liquid stages. It is also
equipped with strap on external motors.

Q3. Answer (b)

Solution –

Geostationary Satellites orbit once in 24 hour and move in the same direction as
the Earth.
▪ Such satellites appear stationary above the same point on the earth’s surface, as
they move with same velocity as that of the Earth.
▪ They can only be above the Equator and are placed at an altitude of 35,790 km.
▪ They are circular in shape. One Geostationary satellite covers 1/3rd of the earth.
▪ They have diverse applications ranging from direct broadcast to communications
or relay systems.

Q4. Answer (c)

Solution –

Statement 1 is correct:
▪ Polar Satellite Launch Vehicle (PSLV) is the third generation launch vehicle of India.
▪ It is designed mainly to deliver the “earth-observation” or “remote sensing”
satellites with lift-off mass of up to about 1750 Kg.
▪ GSLV is designed mainly to deliver the communication satellites.

Statement 2 is correct:
▪ The launching stations for geostationary satellites are generally located near
eastern coast line so that, just in case of failure of the launch, the satellite does not
fall on built-up hinterland.
▪ A satellite launched from the sites near the equator towards the east direction will
get an initial boost equal to the velocity of Earth surface.

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▪ This is the major reason for launching satellites in the east ward direction.

Q5. Answer (a)

Solution –

▪ India after 1980s began to develop the indigenous Indian Remote Sensing (IRS)
satellite program.
▪ It supported the national economy in the areas of agriculture, water resources,
disaster management, urban planning, forestry and ecology, geology, water
sheds, marine fisheries and coastal management.

Q6. Answer (a)

Solution –

▪ GAGAN stands for the GPS Aided GEO Augmented Navigation.

▪ The main objectives of GAGAN are to provide Satellite-based Navigation services
with accuracy and integrity required for civil aviation applications and to provide
better Air Traffic Management over Indian Airspace.

Q7. Answer (a)

Solution –

Statement 1 is correct:
▪ Polar satellites are generally launched in south ward or north ward direction and
therefore cannot take advantage of the Earth’s rotation.

Statement 2 is incorrect:
▪ Geostationary satellites are launched from the sites near the equator towards the
east direction to get an initial boost equal to the velocity of Earth surface.

Q8. Answer (c)

Solution –

Statement 1 is correct:
▪ A scramjet engine is an improvement over the ramjet engine as it efficiently
operates at hypersonic speeds and allows supersonic combustion.

Statement 2 is correct:
▪ Hyperspectral imaging combines the power of digital imaging and spectroscopy to
attain both spatial and spectral information from an object.
▪ This result can be then used to identify, measure and locate different materials
and their chemical and physical properties.

Q9. Answer (c)

Solution –

▪ Antrix Corporation Limited (ACL), Bengaluru is a wholly owned Government of

India Company under the administrative control of the Department of Space.

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 - The objective of Antrix is promoting and commercially exploiting the space
products developed by ISRO.
▪ New Space India Limited is a wholly owned Government of India undertaking
(CPSE), under the administrative control of Department of Space (DOS) to
commercially exploit the research and development work of ISRO.

Q10. Answer (b)

Solution –

▪ IRNSS stands for Indian Regional Navigation Satellite System.

▪ This is an independent Indian Satellite based positioning system for critical
National applications.
▪ The main objective is to provide reliable position, navigation and timing services
over India and its neighborhood, to provide fairly good accuracy to the user.
▪ The IRNSS will provide basically two types of services
1. Standard Positioning Service (SPS)
2. Restricted Service (RS)

Q11. Answer (c)

Solution –

▪ The correctly matched pairs are:

Centre Location
1. Global Relay of Observatories Watching Transients Happen Hanle
(GROWTH)-India
2. Giant Metrewave Radio Telescope Pune
3. Devasthal Optical Telescope Nainital

Q12. Answer (c)

Solution –

Master Control Facility (MCF) of ISRO is located at Hassan in Karnataka and Bhopal
in Madhya Pradesh.
▪ It monitors and controls all the Geostationary / Geosynchronous satellites of ISRO.

Q13. Answer (a)

Solution –

The Mars Orbiter Mission (MOM), launched in 2013, also called Mangalyaan is a
spacecraft orbiting Mars since 24 September 2014.
▪ It is India's first interplanetary mission and ISRO has become the fourth space
agency to reach Mars, after the Soviet space program, NASA, and the European
Space Agency.
▪ India is the first Asian nation to reach Mars orbit, and the first nation to do so
on its first attempt.

Q14. Answer (b)

Solution –
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RLV – TD stands for Reusable Satellite Launch Vehicle Technology Demonstrator.
▪ A reusable launch vehicle is the unanimous solution to achieve low cost, reliable
and on-demand space access.
▪ The configuration of RLV-TD is similar to that of an aircraft and combines the
complexity of both launch vehicles and aircraft.
▪ It has been configured to act as a flying test bed to evaluate various technologies,
namely, hypersonic flight, autonomous landing and powered cruise flight.

Q15. Answer (a)

Solution –

▪ The Department of Space (DOS) and the Space Commission were set up in 1972 and
ISRO was brought under DOS on June 1, 1972.

Q16. Answer (b)

Solution –

▪ Vikram Ambalal Sarabhai was an Indian physicist and astronomer who initiated
space research and helped develop nuclear power in India.
▪ He was honored with Padma Bhushan in 1966 and the Padma Vibhushan in 1972.
▪ He is internationally regarded as the Father of the Indian Space Program.

Q17. Answer (c)

Solution –

A cryogenic rocket engine is a rocket engine that uses a cryogenic fuel or oxidizer,
that is, its fuel or oxidizer (or both) are gases liquefied and stored at very low
temperatures.
▪ Currently, six countries have successfully developed and deployed cryogenic rocket
engines i.e. US, Russia, Japan, France, India and China.
▪ Cryogenic engine makes use of Liquid Oxygen (LOX) and Liquid Hydrogen (LH2)
as propellants which liquefy at - 183 deg C and -253 deg C respectively.

Q18. Answer (c)

Solution –

▪ Kalpana-1 was the first dedicated meteorological satellite launched by ISRO

using Polar Satellite Launch Vehicle on 12 September 2002.

Q19. Answer (d)

Solution –

▪ Geosynchronous Satellite Launch Vehicle Mark III is a three stage vehicle with an
indigenous cryogenic upper stage engine (C25).

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▪ It has been designed to carry heavier communication satellites weighing up to
4000 kg into the Geosynchronous Transfer Orbit or satellites weighing about
10,000 kg to a Low Earth Orbit (LEO).
▪ It has twice the capacity of GSLV MKII.

Q20. Answer (a)

Solution –

▪ ASTROSAT (2015) is the first dedicated Indian astronomy mission aimed at

studying celestial sources in X-ray, optical and UV spectral bands
simultaneously.
▪ One of the unique features of ASTROSAT mission is that enables the simultaneous
multi-wavelength observations of various astronomical objects with a single
satellite.

Q21. Answer (c)

Solution –

▪ Bhuvan, is the national Geo-portal developed and hosted by ISRO comprising of

Geo Spatial Data, Services and Tools for Analysis.
▪ The Satellite Imageries are of Multi-sensor, Multi-platform and Multi-temporal in
nature can be visualized in 2D and 3D.

Q22. Answer (d)

Solution –

Statement 1 is incorrect:
A scramjet engine is an improvement over the ramjet engine as it efficiently operates
at hypersonic speeds and allows supersonic combustion.
▪ Thus it is known as Supersonic Combustion Ramjet, or Scramjet.
▪ It uses Hydrogen as fuel and the Oxygen from the atmospheric air as the oxidizer.
Scramjets are efficient only above supersonic speed.
▪ The fact that scramjet uses atmospheric oxygen to burn the fuel in the first phase
will considerably reduce the amount of oxidizer to be carried aboard.

Statement 2 is incorrect:
▪ India is the fourth country to demonstrate the flight testing of Scramjet Engine
after the United States, Russia and European Space Agency.

Q23. Answer (d)

Solution –

▪ The Indian Space Research Organization (ISRO) was formed on August 15, 1969. It
superseded the erstwhile INCOSPAR.
▪ It is the pioneer space exploration agency of the Government of India, with
headquarters at Bengaluru.

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Q24. Answer (b)
Solution –

▪ Polar Satellite Launch Vehicle (PSLV) is the third generation launch vehicle of India.
▪ It is designed mainly to deliver the “earth-observation” or “remote sensing”
satellites with lift-off mass of up to about 1750 Kg.
▪ PSLV is a four-staged launch vehicle with alternating solid and liquid stages.

Q25. Answer (b)

Solution –

▪ Satellite Launch Vehicle-3 (SLV-3) was India's first experimental satellite

launch vehicle, which was an all solid, four stage vehicle weighing 17 tonnes with
a height of 22m and capable of placing 40 kg class payloads in Low Earth Orbit
(LEO).

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