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Paired and Independent Samples T Test

The document discusses paired samples t-tests and independent samples t-tests, which are used to analyze differences between two related or independent groups. It provides formulas, examples and explanations of how to conduct each test and interpret the results.

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Mcjohnden Loren
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376 views

Paired and Independent Samples T Test

The document discusses paired samples t-tests and independent samples t-tests, which are used to analyze differences between two related or independent groups. It provides formulas, examples and explanations of how to conduct each test and interpret the results.

Uploaded by

Mcjohnden Loren
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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PAIRED SAMPLES

T-TEST
The Paired Samples t-Test compares the means of two measurements
taken from the same individual, object, or related units. These "paired"
measurements can represent things like:
A measurement taken at two different times
A measurement taken under two different conditions
Measurements taken from two halves or sides of a subject or
experimental unit
This test is also known as:
Dependent t-Test
Paired t-Test
Repeated Measures t-Test

The variable/s used in this test is known as:


Dependent variable, or test variable (continuous), measured at two
different times or for two related conditions or units
Formula: Paired Samples t-Test
Example:
An evaluation was conducted in a program to determine the participants improvement
to a particular topic based on their pre-score and post-score. The table shows the
score of the of the 15 participants. Using a 5% significance level, was the program
effective?
DEFINE NULL AND ALTERNATIVE HYPOTHESIS

LEVEL OF SIGNIFICANCE
90% CONFIDENCE INTERVAL OF THE DIFFERENCE

<--- Margin of Error

Lower Bound of CI ---> <--- Upper Bound of CI


(Intentionally blank for Excel and IBM SPSS)
Excel
IBM SPSS
INDEPENDENT
SAMPLES T-TEST
The Independent Samples t Test compares the means of two independent groups in order
to determine whether there is statistical evidence that the associated population means
are significantly different. The Independent Samples t Test is a parametric test.

This test is also known as:


Independent t Test
Independent Measures t Test
Independent Two-sample t Test
Student t Test
Two-Sample t Test
Uncorrelated Scores t Test
Unpaired t Test
Unrelated t Test
The variables used in this test are known as:

Dependent variable, or test variable


Independent variable, or grouping variable
Formula: Equal Variance
Formula: Unequal Variance
F-test: Equal Variance vs Unequal Variance
Example:
A question was asked to determine the life satisfaction of 10 middle-aged adults (36-55 yrs.
old), and 10 young adults (18-35 yrs. old) who were to answer on a scale of 1 to 60. 1 is the
lowest and 60 is the highest rating. In this example, we’re interested in determining if there’s a
difference between the old and young adult sample group, and there life satisfaction rating
with the use of 5% significance level.
DEFINE NULL AND ALTERNATIVE HYPOTHESIS

LEVEL OF SIGNIFICANCE
F-TEST
F-TEST
95% CONFIDENCE INTERVAL OF THE DIFFERENCE

<--- Margin of Error

Lower Bound of CI ---> <--- Upper Bound of CI


(Intentionally blank for Excel and IBM SPSS)
Excel
IBM SPSS
References

LibGuides: SPSS Tutorials: Paired Samples t Test. (n.d.). Kent State University. Retrieved April 10,
2021, from https://libguides.library.kent.edu/SPSS/PairedSamplestTest

Paired Sample T-Test. (2020, March 10). Statistics Solutions. Retrieved April 10, 2021, from
https://www.statisticssolutions.com/manova-analysis-paired-sample-t-
test/#:%7E:text=The%20paired%20sample%20t%2Dtest,resulting%20in%20pairs%20of%20ob
servations

LibGuides: SPSS Tutorials: Independent Samples t Test. (n.d.). Kent State University. Retrieved
April 10, 2021, from https://libguides.library.kent.edu/spss/independentttest

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