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CAPACITOR - Problem Solving Exercises

This document contains 5 problem solving exercises involving concepts in capacitors and capacitance: 1. A capacitor with parallel plates separated by 2.25 mm has a charge of 6.50 nC and electric field of 4.75x10^5 V/m. The potential difference, capacitance, and plate area are calculated. 2. The permittivity and capacitance of a dielectric with relative permittivity of 2.25 inserted into a 7.8 uF capacitor are determined. 3. A parallel plate capacitor with dielectrics of glass and mica arranged between the plates is analyzed to find the total capacitance. 4. The total capacitance, charges stored,

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Essi Marie Feliciano
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1K views

CAPACITOR - Problem Solving Exercises

This document contains 5 problem solving exercises involving concepts in capacitors and capacitance: 1. A capacitor with parallel plates separated by 2.25 mm has a charge of 6.50 nC and electric field of 4.75x10^5 V/m. The potential difference, capacitance, and plate area are calculated. 2. The permittivity and capacitance of a dielectric with relative permittivity of 2.25 inserted into a 7.8 uF capacitor are determined. 3. A parallel plate capacitor with dielectrics of glass and mica arranged between the plates is analyzed to find the total capacitance. 4. The total capacitance, charges stored,

Uploaded by

Essi Marie Feliciano
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Problem Solving Exercises

Instruction: Solve the following problems and write your solutions in the provided
box below.

1. The parallel plates of an air capacitor are separated by 2.25 mm. Each plate
carries a charge of 6.50 nC. The magnitude of the electric field of the plates is
4.75x10^5 V/m. Find the (a) potential difference between the plates, (b)
capacitance, and (c) area of a plate.

Given:
d = 2.25 mm = 0.00225 m q = 6.50 nC = 6.50 x10 − 9 C
E = 4.75x105 V/m

Required:
(a) Potential difference between the plates (𝑉 =? )
(b) Capacitance (𝐶 =? )
(c) Areas of the plates (𝐴 =? )

Equations:
(a) 𝑉 = 𝐸𝑑
𝑞
(b) 𝐶 = 𝑉
Q
(c) 𝐴 = 𝐸𝜀
0

Solutions:
𝑉
(a) 𝐸 = 𝑑
𝑉 = 𝐸𝑑 = (4.75x105 V/m)( 0.00225 m)
𝑉 = 𝟏𝟎𝟔𝟖. 𝟕𝟓 𝑽
𝑞
(b) 𝑉 = 𝐶
𝑞 6.50 x10 − 9 C
𝐶= =
𝑉 1068.75 𝑉
𝐶 = 6.0818713450𝑥10−9 𝐹 ≈ 𝟔. 𝟎𝟖𝒙𝟏𝟎−𝟏𝟐 𝑭
𝑄
(c) 𝐸 = 𝜀
0𝐴
Q 6.50 x10−9 C
𝐴= =
𝐸𝜀0 (4.75x105 V/m)(8.85𝑥10−12 𝐶 2 /𝑁𝑚2 )
𝐴 = 1.5462384775𝑥10−3𝑚2 ≈ 𝟏. 𝟓𝟓𝒙𝟏𝟎−𝟑 𝒎𝟐

2. The relative permittivity of a dielectric is 2.25. (a) What is its permittivity? (b) What will
be the capacitance if this dielectric is inserted into a 7.8 uF air capacitor?

Given:
𝐸𝑅 = 2.25 𝐶𝑂 = 7.8 𝑢𝐹 = 7.8 𝑥10−6 𝐹

Required:
(a) Permittivity (𝜀 =? )
(b) Capacitance (𝐶 =? )

Equations:
(a) 𝜀 = 𝜀𝑅 𝜀0
(b) 𝐶 = 𝜀𝑅 ∁0

Solutions:
𝜀
(a) 𝜀𝑅 = 𝜀0
𝜀 = 𝜀𝑅 𝜀0 = (2.25)(0.885𝑥10−11 𝐶 2 /𝑁𝑚2 )
𝜀 = 1.9912500000𝑥1011 𝐶 2 /𝑁𝑚2 ≈ 1.99𝑥1011 𝐶 2/𝑁𝑚2

(b) 𝐶 = 𝜀𝑅 ∁0
𝐶 = (2.25)(7.8𝑥10−6𝑢𝐹)
𝐶 = 1.7550000000𝑥10−5 𝐹 ≈ 𝟏. 𝟕𝟔𝒙𝟏𝟎−𝟓 𝑭

3. A parallel plate capacitor is made up of two plates, each having an area of


8.0x10-4 m2 and separated from each other by 5.0 mm. It is filled with equal
thicknesses of dielectrics arranged as shown. What is its capacitance?

.
Given:
d = 5.0 mm = 0.005 m A = 8.0𝑥10−4 𝑚2
𝜀𝑔𝑙𝑎𝑠𝑠 = 7.10𝑥10−11 𝐶 2/𝑁𝑚2 𝜀𝑚𝑖𝑐𝑎 = 4.8𝑥10−11 𝐶 2 /𝑁𝑚2

Required:
Capacitance (𝐶 =? )

Equation:
𝐶 = 𝐶𝑔𝑙𝑎𝑠𝑠 + 𝐶𝑚𝑖𝑐𝑎
𝐴
𝐶𝑔𝑙𝑎𝑠𝑠 = 𝜀𝑔𝑙𝑎𝑠𝑠
𝑑
𝐴
𝐶𝑚𝑖𝑐𝑎 = 𝜀𝑚𝑖𝑐𝑎
𝑑
Solutions:
𝐴 8x10−4 𝑚2
𝐶𝑔𝑙𝑎𝑠𝑠 = 𝜀𝑔𝑙𝑎𝑠𝑠 = (7𝑥10−11 𝐶 2 / 𝑁𝑚2 ) ( ) = 1.12𝑥10−11 𝐹
𝑑 0.005 𝑚
𝐴 −11 2 2
8x10−4 𝑚2
𝐶𝑚𝑖𝑐𝑎 = 𝜀𝑚𝑖𝑐𝑎 = (4.8𝑥10 𝐶 /𝑁𝑚 ) ( ) = 7.68𝑥10−12 𝐹
𝑑 0.005 𝑚
𝐶 = 𝐶𝑔𝑙𝑎𝑠𝑠 + 𝐶𝑚𝑖𝑐𝑎 = 1.12𝑥10−11 𝐹 + 7.68𝑥10−12 𝐹
𝐶 = 1.8880000000𝑥10−11 𝐹 ≈ 𝟏. 𝟖𝟗𝒙𝟏𝟎−𝟏𝟏 𝑭

4. Two capacitors with 2.0 F and 3.0 F capacitance, respectively, are connected in
parallel. The combination is connected to a 100 V line. Find the (a) total
capacitance, (b) charge stored in each capacitor, and (c) potential difference
across each capacitor.

Given:
𝐶1 = 2.0 𝐹 𝐶2 = 3.0 𝐹

Required:
(a) Total capacitance (𝐶 =? )
(b) Charge stored in each capacitor (𝑞1 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑞2 =? )
(c) Potential difference

Equations:
(a) 𝐶𝑡𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙 = 𝐶1 + 𝐶2
(b) 𝑞1 = 𝐶1 𝑉1
𝑞2 = 𝐶2 𝑉2
(c) 𝑉𝑡𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙 = 𝑉1 = 𝑉2

Solutions:
(a) 𝐶𝑡𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙 = 𝐶1 + 𝐶2 = 2.0 𝐹 + 3.0 𝐹
𝐶𝑡𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙 = 𝟓. 𝟎 𝑭

(b) 𝑆𝑖𝑛𝑐𝑒 𝑉𝑡𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙 = 𝑉1 = 𝑉2 𝑡ℎ𝑢𝑠, 𝑉1 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑉2 𝑖𝑠 100 𝑉


𝑞1 = 𝐶1 𝑉1 = (2.0 𝐹)(100 𝑉)
𝑞1 = 𝟐𝟎𝟎 𝑪

𝑞2 = 𝐶2 𝑉2 = (3.0 𝐹)(100 𝑉)
𝑞2 = 𝟑𝟎𝟎 𝑪

(c) 𝑉𝑡𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙 = 𝑉1 = 𝑉2 = 𝟏𝟎𝟎 𝑽 𝑎𝑐𝑟𝑜𝑠𝑠 2.0 𝐹 𝑎𝑛𝑑 3.0 𝐹.

5. A parallel plate capacitor consists of two rectangular plates, each with an area of
4.5 cm2 and are separated from each other by a 2.00 mm thick dielectric with a
dielectric constant of 5.26. The capacitor is connected to a 12.0 V battery. How
much energy is stored in the capacitor?
Given:
d = 2.0 mm = 0.002 m A = 4.5 𝑐𝑚2 = 0.00045 𝑚2
∈𝑅 = 5.26 𝑉 = 12.0 𝑉

Required:
Energy stored in a capacitor

Equations:
𝐴
𝐶 = ∈𝑟 𝑑
1
𝐸= 𝑐𝑣 2
2

Solution:
𝐴 (0.00045𝑚 2)
𝐶 = ∈𝑟 𝑑 = (5.26) ( )
0.002𝑚
𝐶 = 1.1835 𝐹

1 2
𝐸= 𝑐𝑣
2
1
𝐸 = (1.1835 𝐹)(12.0𝑉)2
2
𝐸 = 85.212 𝐽 ≈ 𝟖𝟓. 𝟐𝟏 𝑱

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