UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES, RAICHUR.

COLLEGE OF AGRICULTURE, RAICHUR .

COURSE TITLE : Experimental techniques in agricultural

research.
AGR-301 (0+1)

REPORT SUBMISSION

SUBMITTED TO : Dr. Vishwanatha .S

Department of Agronomy

SUBMITTED BY : B M Arun Kumar

(UG17AGR2701)
Group 03
3rd year B.Sc Agri.
OBJECTIVE OF EXPERIMENT :
1.To study the effect of nutrient on growth and
yield of bajra .
2.To work out the economics .
 INDEX
Sl.no Title Remarks

1. Introduction

2. Review of literature

3. Materials and methods

4. Experimental results

5. Discussion

6. Summary and conclusion

7. References
1. INTRODUCTION
The common name of pearl millet over large part of India is bajra or
bajri which is low price food grain crop Pearl millet [Pennisetum
glaucum (L.)] belong to Poaceae family. It is one of the most important
cereal crops of India and rank 4th in area after rice, wheat and sorghum,
which is grown in arid and semi-arid regions. India and Africa together
account 93.2 per cent of the total pearl millet production of the world.
The share of pearl millet in total food grain production is 10.7 per cent.
Pearl millet is the most widely cultivated cereal crop in India. It is grown
on more than 8.39 m ha with current grain production of 9.15 MT and
productivity of 1091 kg ha-1 during summer season (DES, 2012).

 Climate: It is a drought tolerant crop and hence is grown as rainfed

crop .It can be grown successfully under partially waterlogged
condition .It is grown from sea level to an altitude of 200 m slopes.
 Soil : It can be grown in wide range of soil.Black soil is also
suitable.
 Seed rate ; 4 kg/ha
 FYM : 25 t/ha
 RDF: 100:60:60
Experiment = To study the effect of different level of nutrient
(source of nitrogen on growth and yield of bajra)
In this experiment we are varing the nitrogen content and
observing for various growth and yield parameters of the crop
.nitrogen content is applied either by organic fertilizer, inorganic
fertilizer, or by both.
2. Review of literature
Sally m suer- Agronomic factors affecting dryland bajra and
maturity and production in North east Colorado .

M.Afzal,MAhmed -Effect of nitrogen on growth and yield of bajra

under 3 cutting system

Mohammed shahid – Agro qualitative studies studies on bajra

sown along in mixture with forage legumes.
3.MATERIALS AND METHODS
The field experiment was conducted on bajra (Pennisetum
glaucum ) in the kharif seasons in from june 2019 at new
area,agronomy block,uas raichur,plot no. 171 to determine the
effect of different levels of RDF on growth and yield parameters
of bajra under rainfed condition.

EXPERIMENTAL SITE AND SOIL CHARACTERISTICS

The site is located in north eastern dry zone of karnataka between

16degree 15’ N and 77 degree 20’E at an altitude of 389 msl with
700 mm annual rainfall

The soil of experimental field was clayey in texture, moderately

alkaline (pH 2.5- 7.98), non-saline , low in organic carbon and
high in K2O.

PREVIOUS CROP

Maize which was supplied with recommended levels of RDF and

all management practices were practiced.

EXPERIMENT DETAILS:

The experiment was laid out with 5 treatment combinations

comprised:

T1:100% RDF

T2:125% RDF

T3:75% RDF

T4:50% RDF
T5:control(no fertiliser)

With 5 replications with RANDOMISED COMPLETE BLOCK DESIGN

and variety cultivated is INDIGO-45

The net plot size measured 9*3.6 m². Spacing-45*15cm

CULTURAL PRACTICES:

LAND PREPARATION

Land was ploughed twice and harrowed thrice to crush the clods
and make the field free of weeds to prepare seed bed with good
tilth.

The crop was sown at 45cm row to row distances line sowing
using pick axe . Seed rate: 4 kg/ha

And Thinning done at 15 days after sowing

FERTILISER APPLICATION

Urea and diammonium phosphate and murate of potash were

used as fertilizer source. Full amounts of phosphorus and mop
was applied at the time of sowing, while half of the N quantity
was applied at the time of sowing and the remaining half was as
top dressed at 30 days after sowing.

RDF 100:60:60

AFTER CARE

Three hand weedings were carried out during crop growth period.

HARVESTING
Only straw was harvested by sickle as there was loss of grain yield
due to birds.straw was dried under sun in the field and collected.

Design and layout.

R1 R4 R5 R3 R2
T1 T2 T4 T2 T3
T5 T3 T2 T1 T4
T3 T1 T3 T5 T5
T4 T5 T5 T4 T1
T2 T4 T1 T3 T2

COLLECTION OF EXPERIMENTAL DATA

SAMPLING PROCEDURE

Two rows of adjacent to one border row at both the the ends of
each plot were used for studying different growth
parameters.Observations were recorded at 30 ,60 days after
sowing (DAS) and at harvest.

5 plants from each treatment were selected for recording the

height of shoot and number of tillers and number of leaves.

Average is calculated .

Height of shoot

It is measured in cm from the base of fully opened youngest leaf.

Number of leaves
Total number of fully opened leaves produced per plant was
counted.

Number of tillers

Number of tillers per plant were counted per plant was counted.

Dry matter accumulation

The plants which were used for studying growth parameters were
partitioned into leaf and stem and were dried in hot air oven at
65`c to 70`c for 72 hours and average dry weight was measured
4.EXPERIMENTAL RESULTS
Results of the field experiment entitled “ performance of the bajra at
various levels of nitrogen’’conducted during kharif 2019. Data
pertaining to the effect of different treatments on growth and yield of
barnyard millet were statistically analysed for the test of significance of
the results.

 Plant population :each and every seed has germinated and

their is heavy population in the field.
 Nitrogen : application of nitrogen to the soil influenced
growth of the plant .
 Tillers : it is evident from data that application of nitrogen
recorded significantly higher number of tillers .
 Plant height at 30 days :application of nitrogen increases the
plant height .
 Plant height at 60 DAS : there is a significant increase in the
plant height at panicle emerging stage.
 Panicle emergence : application of nitrogen found at
particular with respect to days to 50% panicle emergence in
the crop.
 Maturity : application of nitrogen at the maturity reduces
the yield.
 Yield : application of nitrogen significantly increases the
straw yield per plant .
 Grain yield :there was no yield due to attack of birds
 Straw yield .:3t/ha
 Harvest index
 N uptake by grain and straw and total n uptake at harvest.
Observations after 60 DAS
Replications
Treatments R1 R2 R3 R4 R5 Treatment
total
T1 115 114 112 114 115 570
T2 113 114 111 112 113 563
T3 109 110 107 108 105 539
T4 107 105 108 106 103 529
T5 102 103 104 109 110 528
Replication 546 546 542 549 546 2729
total

Plant height
ANOVA
Source of D.F S.S M.S.S Calculated F Table F Conclusion
variation
Replication 4 5.6 1.4 13.84 3.01 significant
difference lies
Treatment 4 306 76.5
Error 16 88.4 5.525
Total 24
Critical difference : 7.73

Replications
Treatments R1 R2 R3 R4 R5 Treatment Treatment
total mean
T1 3.5 5.9 6.3 6.5 6.7 30.9 6.18
T2 7.4 7.7 7.9 7.5 8.1 38.6 7.72
T3 4.6 5 5.3 5 4.7 24.6 4.92
T4 5 6 5.6 6 5.3 27.8 5.5
T5 6.7 6 7 7 6 32.6 6.52
 Replication 29.2 30.7 32 31.8 30.8 154.5
total
Number of leaves :
ANOVA
Source of variation D.F S.S M.S.S Calculated F Table F Conclusion

Replication 4 0.99 0.245 45.68 3.01 There is

significant
difference
Treatment 4 22.29 5.55

Error 16 1.96 0.122

Total 24 25.24
Critical difference: 0.468

NUMBER OF TILLERS
Replications
Treatments R1 R2 R3 R4 R5 Treatment Treatment
total mean
T1 8 9 8 10 10 45 9
T2 15 13 12 15 13 68 13.6
T3 17 19 18 16 18 68 13.6
T4 20 21 23 23 22 109 21.8
T5 17 16 17 18 15 83 16.6
Replication 77 78 78 82 78 393
total
ANOVA
Source of D.F S.S M.S.S Calculated F Table F Conclusion
variation

TREATMENT 4 454.64 113.6 71.93 3.01 There is

significant
difference

REPLICATION 4 3.04

Error 16 25.32 1.58

Total 24

Critical difference : 1.6

5.DISCUSSION
There is no significant difference in plant height between treatments
even though there should be significant difference in plant height due
to varied level of fertilizer application . The reason is due to shoot fly
attack .

There is significant difference in number of leaves and number of tillers

per plant between treatments due to varied level of fertilizer
application among different treatments.

There is significant difference in green fodder yield of fodder sorghum

among treatments due to varied level of fertilizer application ,
eventhough there is all the other cultivation practices are almost same
for all the treatments .
5.SUMMARY AND CONCLUSION

Field experiment was conducted with rcbd design on crop fodder

sorghum variety COFS 29 by applying different rates of fertilizer
application

In general it may be concluded that applying 150% RDF has significantly

increased number of leaves and number of tillers and also fodder yield,
but not on plant height. And non application of ferlizers has significant
negative effect on growth and yield parameters .

7.REFERENCES
 Jadav, K.V. and Patel, J.C. 1977. Response of pearl millet hybrids
to nitrogen and phosphorus.
 Patel, A.M. 1981. Influence of nitrogen and zinc levels on the
performance of hybrids varieties of bajra (pennisetum typhoides)
M.Sc. (Agri.) Thesis submitted to Gujarat Agricultural University,
Sardarkrushinagar.
 Patel, H.S. 1976. Response of pearl millet hybrids to plant
densities and nitrogen levels under irrigated condition in summer
season. M.Sc. (Agri.) Thesis submitted to Gujarat Agricultural
University, Sardarkrushinagar
 Singh, K. and Singh, J. 1971. The effect of graded doses of nitrogen
on the growth and yield of Bajra hybrids grown under irrigated
condition. Indian J. Agric. Sci., 5 (1): 58-60.
 Varma, H.N. 1986. Effect of levels of nitrogen and phosphorus on
the yield of hybrid varieties of pearl millet under North Gujarat
conditions. M.Sc. (Agri.) Thesis submitted to Gujarat A