Republic of the Philippines

Department of Education
REGION III
SCHOOLS DIVISION OF BULACAN
OBANDO NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL
Paliwas, Obando, Bulacan

LEARNING ACTIVITY SHEET

MUSIC 7
Quarter 3 - Module 1
Analyzing the Musical Elements of
Some Mindanao Vocal and
Instrumental Music
Name: ____________________________________________
Grade and Section: ________________________
Teacher: __________________________________________
Parent’s Signature: _________________________

Prepared By:
Marry Ann D. Veran
Grade 7 MAPEH
TEACHER

Background Information for Learners

Analyzing the Musical Elements of Some Mindanao Vocal and Instrumental Music
This lesson will introduce you to some elements of Mindanao through their vocal and instrumental music.
I. Vocal Music
1. Chant - a lyrical rendition of different improvised text.
Yakans do his/her chanting through solo and counter or group singing. His/her three famous everyday style chants
are the :
a. Lugu - Chants that they use in reading solo and counter his/ her Qu’ran and other books they use in their Islam
region.
b. Kalangan - songs that they use for serenading his/her loved ones.
c. Sa-il / Lunsey - an important chant to be sung by the wife-to-be during the ceremony that talks about married
life.

Maranaos have an extensive vocal repertoire such as:

a. Dikker - sacred songs highlighted by quotations from the Qu’ran.
b. Bayok - semi-generic term for a lyrical rendition of different improvised text.

2. Lullaby - a chant-style or chant formula use in rocking a baby to sleep.

a. Ya-ya - it is a song of the Yakans to put the baby to sleep, sung in a relax/slow manner, soft and soothing while
rocking the baby.
b. Bayok - is also a Maranao term for lullaby.

Aside from music for rituals and other social functions, Lumads have very rich folk songs that they use in their everyday
lives. Here are some examples of Chavacano, T’boli, and Tiruray Folk Songs.

Classification of Instrumental Music

Aerophone – is a musical instrument which produces sound primarily by causing a body of air to vibrate without the use
of strings or membranes and without the vibration of the instrument itself adding considerably to the sound.
Chordophone - a musical instrument which make sound by way of vibrating the string or strings stretched between two
points.
Idiophone - any musical instrument which creates sound primarily by way of the instrument’s vibrating, without the use
of strings or membrane. Most of the percussive instrument which are not drums are idiophones.
Membranophone - a musical instrument which produces sound primarily by way of vibrating stretched membrane or
animal skin. It is one of the four main divisions of instruments in the original Hornbostel-Sachs scheme of musical
instrument classification.

A. Solo Instruments - single instrument

• Sahunay - is a bamboo flute, leaving six holes for the fingers and trumpet
made of coconut leaf. It is about 50 cm long and 3 cm in diameter. This is a
bamboo flute of the Tausug in Sulu.

• Suling - also called ring flute, is the smallest bamboo flute in Maguindanao

• Palendag - A lip valley that is very common in

Maguindanao, considered as the toughest of all bamboo flutes to use because of
the way one must shape one’s lip against its tip to make a sound.

• Kulintang - is a term with various meanings, all

related to the melody- playing gong row. Technically, the term kulintang is the
Maguindanao word for eight gong kettles which are laid horizontally upon a rack
creating an entire kulintang set called apasangan. It is played by striking the
gongs with two pieces of wood, about 12 inches long while the player squats on
the floor.

• Gabang - is similar to a xylophone. It is made of

wooden box with one end wider than the other, and with an open top. It is played
by striking the wooden bars with a wooden hammer or mallet.

• Agung - A set of two wide rimmed bossed- hanging gongs, ( thicker than
gandingan ) which played as part of the Kulintang Ensembles. It is usually
played while standing beside the instrument, holding the upper edge of its
flange.
The mallets, called balu, are made from short sticks about half a foot in length
and padded with soft but tough material such as rubber at one end.

• Gandingan - a set of four narrow-rimmed and

suspended gongs. They hang in pairs with the knobs of the lower pitched gongs
facing each other. The player usually a woman who stands between the two pair
of gongs. Her body touches slightly the gong in the middle to prevent from
swinging and uses two padded mallets.

•Babandil - is a single narrow-rimmed Philippine gong used primarily as the

timekeeper of the Maguindanao kulintang ensemble. It is struck with thin
bamboo sticks to produce a metallic sound

• Kagul - A Maguindanao scraper/slit drum with a

jagged edge on one side, played with two beaters, one scraping the edge and the
other one making a beat.
 • Dabakan - a goblet-shaped drum of the Maguindanao and Maranao, which has
a single head covered with goat, lizard or snakeskin. It is struck with two thin
bamboo sticks about 18 inches in length.

• Dadabuan - an hour glass shaped-drum made of wood; the membrane is made

of carabao skin. Decorated with carvings and painted. The drum is part of the
kulintang ensemble.

• Gandang - is a two headed cylindrical drum of the Tausug, Samal, Badjao,

Maranao and Maguindanao. Called as kendang in other Southeast Asian
countries. It is one of the primary instruments used in the Gamelan ensembles in
Java, Bali and Terengganu.

• Kudyapi/Kutyapi - a two- stringed instrument with very elaborate design. It is

about 1 ½ meter long and made of wood. It has a stick to support in its lower
end.

• Kudlung - a two stringed lute made of wood, one string for the melody and
one string for the drone. The body of the instrument is carved with geometric
patterns. The neck and the head are adorned with horse hair; the tail has two
(originally three) pieces of carabao skin; the strap is adorned with bead work.

• Saluroy - a bamboo polychordal tube zither of Bagobo. It is called as Kolitong

in Cordillera region.

• Aduwag-ay - one- stringed fiddle instrument of Bilaans also called Kugot

(Agusan-Manobo) and Duwagey (T’boli)

B. Ensemble - small groups of instrument played simultaneously.

1. Palabunibunyan - Maguindanao ensemble consisted of five instruments, the kulintang, agung, gandingan, dabakan
and babandil.
2. Kulintang ensemble - refers to the instrumental ensemble of gongs and
drums or a solo melody instrument consisting of a minimum of five to eight
bronze and brass gongs laid out in a single row (or more depending on the
culture or region).

3. Tagunggo- Yakan ensemble made up of brass kwintangan, gabang, set of 3 agung and bamboo slit drum called
Tagutok.
Exercises/Activities

Independent Activity 1
Directions: Using the links provided below, listen carefully to some examples of vocal music of Mindanao then write your
observation with regards to their music.
1. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=k-x1YQ46PCI
2. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=F0l1A4YiYiM

Guide Questions:
a) What do you think is the message of the music?
___________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________
b) What is the tempo of the following vocal music of Mindanao?
___________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________

Independent Assessment 1
Exploring Music from Mindanao
Maguindanao Bangsamoro: Vocal Culture and Tradition
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XCTobmUWuuQ&t=3s

Directions: Reflect on the following questions as you watch and listen to an

example of music from Mindanao.

a. What do you think is the message of the music?

___________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________
b. How were the musical instruments used in bringing about the message?
___________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________

Independent Activity 2
Directions: Rearrange the jumbled letters to form the correct word. Write the answer on your answer sheet.
1. Instrument which creates sound primarily by way of the instrument’s vibrating, without the use of strings or
membrane. PEHONIIOD ___________
2. A musical instrument which produces sound primarily by causing a body of air to vibrate without the use of
strings or membranes and without the vibration of the instrument itself adding considerably to the sound.
ROEAHONEP ____________
3. A musical instrument which produces sound primarily by way of vibrating stretched membrane.
RABMMEONHONEP _____________
4. Also called ring flute, is the smallest bamboo flute in Maguindanao. LIGNSU ____________.
5. A musical instrument which makes sound by way of vibrating the string or strings stretched between two points.
ORCHODHONEP ______________

Independent Assessment 2
Directions: Write the name of the instrument and identify its classification. Write the answer on your answer sheet.

B.
1. Name:

A. __________________________
1. Name: __________________________ 2. Classification: ________________________
2. Classification: ________________________

D.
1. Name:

C.
1. Name: __________________________ __________________________
2. Classification: ________________________
 2. Classification: ________________________

E.
1. Name: __________________________
2. Classification: ________________________

Independent Activity 3
Directions: Supply the needed information. Write the answer on your answer sheet

Independent Assessment 3

ODD ONE OUT

Directions: Which of the following instruments does not belong to the group? Write the answer on your answer sheet.
1. Gandang Kudlung Dabakan Dadabuan
2. Kudyapi Aduwag-ay Saluroy Gabang
3. Dikker Lugu Sa-il Kalangan
4. Sahunay Suling Agung Palendag
5. Kagul Kulintang Palabunibunyan Tagunggo

PERFORMANCE TASK
Directions: Choose one musical instrument of Mindanao that you can improvise using different materials available in your
locality. Identify the materials used and take a picture of the procedure on how it is done. Paste it on a short bond paper.
The rubrics will serve as your guide.

TITLE OF THE INSTRUMENT

MATERIALS:

( PASTE YOUR PICTURE )

Rubric for Scoring

Exceeds Standard Meets Standard Approaches Below Standard

20 Pts 15 Pts Standard 10 Pt
12 Pts
Quality of The instrument is The instruments The instrument The instrument
Construction well-constructed and reflect some effort on reflects some reflects an existing
nicely decorated. It is construction and alteration to an form with little or no
sturdy, neat, and will decoration. It is existing form to alteration. Pieces may
stand up to repeated reasonably sturdy and "make" the be missing or falling
playing over a period neat and will stand up instrument, may be off. Seems "slapped
of time. to being played more fragile, and may not together" in a hurry.
than once. stand up to being There may be a total
played more than lack of decoration.
 once. There may be
an absence of
decoration.
Quality of Sound Student can produce Student is able to Student is able to Student is unable to
good-quality sounds produce a good- produce a basic produce a sound on
on the instrument and quality sound on the sound on the the instrument.
explain how the instrument with no instrument. No
sound is produced. explanation given. explanation given.
Instrument Family Student can Student can Student cannot Student cannot
accurately state accurately state accurately state determine what type
whether this is a whether this is a whether this is a of instrument s/he
string, wind, brass, or string, wind, brass, or string, wind, brass, or built even with
percussion instrument percussion instrument percussion teacher prompts.
and explain why. but cannot explain instrument.
why without prompts.
Recyclable material Instrument is Instrument is Instrument is Instrument is
constructed of all constructed mostly of constructed of very constructed of no
recyclable materials. recyclable materials. little recyclable recyclable materials.
materials.

ASSESSMENT
Directions: Choose the letter of the correct answer. Write the answer on your answer
sheet.
1. A goblet-shaped drum of the Maguindanao and Maranao, which has a single head covered with goat, lizard or
snakeskin.
A. dabakan B. dadabuan C. gandang D. kudyapi

2. A song of the Yakans to put the baby to sleep, sung in a relax/slow manner, soft and soothing while rocking the baby.
A. bayok B. dikker C. kalayan D. ya-ya

3. A ring flute considered as the smallest bamboo flute in Maguindanao.

A. gabang B. palendag C. sahunay D. suling

4. It refers to the instrumental ensemble of gongs and drums or a solo melody instrument consisting of a minimum of five
to eight bronze and brass gongs laid out in a single row (or more depending on the culture or region).
A. agung ensembles B. kulintang ensembles
C. palabunibunyan ensembles D. tagunggo ensembles

5. It was regarded as a Maguindanao scraper/slit drum with a jagged edge on one side, played with two beaters, one
scraping the edge and the other one making a beat.
A. agung B. babandil C. gandingan D. kagul

6. A set of two wide rimmed bossed- hanging gongs, (thicker than gandingan) which played as part of the Kulintang
Ensembles.
A. agung B. Babandil C. gabang D. gandingan

7. It is known as a lyrical rendition of different improvised text.

A. bayok B. chant C. lugu D. lullaby

8. An hour glass shaped-drum made of wood; the membrane is made of carabao Skin decorated with carvings and painted.
The drum is part of the kulintang ensemble.
A. dabakan B. dadabuan C. gabang D. kudyapi

9. Maguindanaoans has a single narrow-rimmed Philippine gong used primarily as

the timekeeper known as?
A. agung B. babandil C. gand D. Kagul

10. Chant that is use by the Yakans in reading solo and counter his/ her Qu’ran and
other books they use in their Islam region.
A. lugu B. lullaby C. sail D. ya-ya

11. It refers to any musical instrument which produces sound primarily by causing a body of air to vibrate without the use
of strings or membranes?
A. aerophone B. chordophone C.idiophone D. membranophone

12. What do you call to any musical instrument which creates sound primarily by way of the instrument’s
vibrating, without the use of strings or membrane?
A. aerophone B. chordophone C. idiophone D. membranophone

13. A chant-style or chant formula use in rocking a baby to sleep.

A. Bayok B. Chants C. Lugu D. Lullaby

14. A musical instrument that makes sound by way of vibrating the string or strings stretched between two points.
A. aerophone B. chordophone C. idiophone D. membranophone

15. What classification of musical instrument which produces sound primarily by way
of vibrating stretched membrane?
A. aerophone B. chordophone C. idiophone D. membranophone

Note: Practice Personal Hygiene Protocols at all times.