International Journal of Engineering Research & Technology (IJERT)

ISSN: 2278-0181
Vol. 3 Issue 9, September- 2014

Hydraulic Transient Analysis of Kolar Water

Pipeline using Bentley Hammer
V8i – A Case Study
Sadanand Dr.T. S. Desmukh
Research Scholar Professor
MANIT,Bhopal; India MANIT,Bhopal; India

Abstract- The case study belongs to hydraulic transient settings. variation in demands,sudden closure of valves and
analysis with Bentley Hammer V8i software and pumping system performances affects the unsteady flow
validating the results with manual calculations. Kolar .These all conditions effects the steady state nature of
water pipeline has been taken for case study. For this the flow(T.Tezcan,U.Gokkus and G.Sinir)[16].
result obtained from the PHE department, Bhopal were Solution by Methods Of Characterstics(MOC):
used for comparison. The available results were for the Water hammer equations for elastic pipes produces a 1-d
transient analysis with the surge protection devices in partial equation and result of this one is found by Methods of
position. However as no detail of the devices was available characterstics. this is the mathematical modeling of the
the analysis with surge protection devices was not possible unsteady flow. To solve the momentum and conservation of
in Bentley Hammer V8i. . Hence initially the transient mass equation moc is used (wylie and streeter)[15]. These
analysis for the Kolar pipeline was done manually (using equations are :
excel sheet) considering the location of air vessels for
validation. These results were found to match with the V 1 p dz f
RT
PHE department results. Then manual analysis was done  g  V V  0 ……1.
without surge protection devices. After this the transient t  s ds 2 D
analysis of the pipeline was performed using Bentley And
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Hammer V8i without surge protection devices. The

results so obtained matched fairly well with the manual V 1 p
a2   0 ………2.
results for the same case. Bentley hammer v8i used for
analysis with condition without surge protection so that
s  t
the location for surge protection can be found out. Solution of the equations is:
C+ :
Keywords— Hydraulic transients, MOC, bentley
a fx
hammer v8i, surge .
(Q p  Qi 1 )  ( H p  H i 1 )  Q p Qi 1  0
gA 2 gDA^ 2 ………….3.
INTRODUCTION- C-:

The hydraulic analysis in closed conduits is based on the a fx

steady state flow conditions. by applying some governing (Qp  Qi 1 )  ( H p  Hi  1)  Qp Qi 1  0
equations of conservation of mass and momentum and gA 2 gDA^2
extracting a general equation for the elastic pipe for solution. ………..4.
That results into a method of solution called method of
characteristics(wylie and streeter)[15]. Methods of
characterstics(moc) is very popular method for studying In the solution of equations; here velocity terms are converted
transients and water hammer effects. Avoiding the effects of into discharge terms for our convenience( wylie and
water hammer is big concerned in pipe technology. Design of streeter)[15]. Equation 1 and 2 are the quasi hyperbolic
pipe on the basis of elastic theory of pipes and finding the equations and general method of solving is MOC in 3 and 4
maximum and minimum pressure or wave equations.
oscillations(R.Wichowski)[14]. Methods of characterstics is For the solution there are many boundary solution is
related to finite difference method as the equation is considered requiring like reservoirs, pumps ,pipeline
discritized for different points. These points gives the branches, dead ends etc. but here we are using upstream
analysis values of pressure, discharge and velocity. reservoir boundary conditions and pump conditions for
Transients of such systems are also depends upon the valave

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 International Journal of Engineering Research & Technology (IJERT)
ISSN: 2278-0181
Vol. 3 Issue 9, September- 2014

compatible MOC equation(A.Bergant, A.R.Simpson, E.

Sijamhodzic)[1].
The compatibility equation for c+ line Qi-1 has the known
value at the upstream section and Hi-1 also has the known
value at upstream section but for finding Qp at the starting
upstream section Hp is equal to Hr. similarly for c- line Qi+1 is
known and for Hp due to pump shut down considering initial
value is equal to zero. this approach at the downstream
section of pump outlet.

Problem statement and analysis: in the study of kolar water

scheme at Bhopal, MP; has two pumping main one raw water
main 7.2 km long and clear water pumping main 3.2 km long.
Here the data for the hydraulic transients Fig.2. Profile for clean water pipeline.

Table-Data of Kolar supply scheme In above shown figures, those are the general data used for
elevation for the pipeline mains.
SR.NO. ITEMS RAW WATER CLEAR
PUMPING WATER
MAIN PUMPING Analysis for pipeline mains with surge protection:
MAIN
1. Length of Pumping 7200m. 3200m.
Main
2. Material of Pipes (1.)M.S. Pipes M.S. Pipes with
with cement cement mortor
mortor inlining inlining and
and outcoating outcoating.
fro 0 to 3210m.
(2.)PSC Pipes
from 3210m.to
RT
7200m.

3. Internal Diameter of 1450mm. for 1450mm. Steel

pipe line Steel Pipes Pipe.
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1500mm. for
PSC Pipes. Fig.3. HGL vs length for raw water main with surge protection
4. Laying condition Under Ground Under Ground
5. Maximum flow rate 7152 cum/hr. 6740 cum/hr.
6. Pump Discharge 90.50m. 90m.
Head
7. Pressure wave 1016m/s upto 1016m/s.
velocity 3210m. and
904m/s for next
3990m. 7200m.
8. pump velocity 1000rpm. 980rpm.
9. Pump type Vertical Turbine Horizontal
Type

As per the general solution of the MOC firstly calculated the Fig.4. HGLvs. length clear water main with surge protection
discharge term and then head term which is discussed earlier
after calculating all the values which gives the analysis of the In both the pipeline mains results are matched quite well.
hydraulic transient for the case study. Following the same procedure for hydraulic transient analysis
with manual calculations for without surge protection
devices.
Benley Hammer V8i:
The transient analysis of the Kolar pipelines was done
through Bentley Hammer V8i software keeping the same
length of reaches as in case of manual solution. The given
profile of the Kolar pipeline was modeled in the software and
all its parameter specified. Then the pumps were defined for
both the pipelines. The analysis for raw water pipeline was
done initially using pump shut down time as the period
Fig.1. Profile for raw water pipeline
(2L/C) and then with the trial and error method we’ve
determined the total run duration time. The results shown

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 International Journal of Engineering Research & Technology (IJERT)
ISSN: 2278-0181
Vol. 3 Issue 9, September- 2014

below is a comparison between manual calculation and performing the transients analysis for a water supply pipeline
Bentley V8i Hammer V8i software. using the Bentley Hammer V8i software. For this the
solution obtained through the software has been validated
through manual solution of transient analysis for Kolar
Pipeline.
The locations are suggested for the surge protection devices
are very critical as pipe rupture conditions are high. Due to
air vapour pocket formation the problem of cavitation can
take place and hazardous effects can be happened.
Bentley Hammer V8i software is very efficient and user
defined for the study of this problem. A big advantage of the
Bentley Hammer V8i software is that it can introduce the air
vapour pocket itself in the model according to given
condition and reduces the trial and iterative work for
Fig.5. Comparison of manual and software results without surge protection calculating the air vapour pressure in the system.
raw water pipeline.

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RT
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