1.

 Technique is used to avoid routing loops.

Reverse path broadcasting
Forward path broadcasting
both a and b
none of the given
 
2. _____ includes a 32-bits address mask with each address, which allows the address to be
classful, classless, or subnetted.
RIP
OSPF
BGP
None of the given
 
An area is
Part of an Autonomous System
Composed of at least two As's
Another term of an internet
A collection stub area
 
3. Which of the following protocols allows the sender and receiver to enforce polices.
RIP
OSPF
BGP
BGP and RIP
4. Which of the following are interior routing protocols?
RIP
ospf
BGP
RIP and OSPF
5. Interior Gateway Protocols (IGPs) and Exterior Gateway Protocols (EGPs) two broad classes
of Internet Routing Protocol.
True
False
6. ______ is a type of address used for collection of computers with same prefix.
Cluster
unicast
Multicast
none of the given
 
7. In dynamic routing, the routing table is initialized when system boots.
True
False
 
8. uses window mechanism to control the flow of data.
IP
UDP
TCP 
 
9. The Source can configure outgoing datagram’s to avoid
Segmentation
Defragmentation
Fragmentation
None of the given
  
10. IGPs stand for _________
Internal Gateway Protocols
Interior Gateway Protocols
Intermediate Gateway Protocols
None of the given
 
11. One application actively begins execution first and another application waits passively at
prearranged location.
True
False
 
12. Network having short intervals has a large timeout and the network having large interval has
short timeout.
True
False
 
13. ICMP message transport is acted upon by getting ICMP _________ in IP.
De-encapsulated
Encapsulated
Segmented
none of the given
 
14. Which is not the type of error messages defined by ICMP.
Source quench
Time exceeded
Destination unreachable
none of the given
 
15. Which of the following protocols allows the sender and receiver to enforce polices.
RIP
OSPF
BGP
RIP and OSPF
 
16. TCP stands for _______
Transport control protocol
Transmission control protocol
Terminal control protocol
none of the given
  
17. In IP routing, forwarding refers to ______ transfer.
Packet
Datagram
Message
None of the given
 
18. TCP uses _______ format for all messages.
Single
Double
Multiple
None of the given
19. _____ Protocol provides error reporting mechanism.
IGMP
SNMP
ICMP
none of the given
 
20. Router hosts are responsible for the propagation of Multicast routing.
True
False
 
21. All routers within a group exchange routing information.
True
False
 
22. UDP packet is encapsulated in ________ datagram.
IP
TCP
TCP/IP
None of the given
 
23. ________ protocol uses distance vector algorithm.
IGP
BGP
RIP
none of the given
 
24. _________ is used to attach two autonomous systems.
BGP
IGP
EGP
none of the given
 
25. UPD is operating system independent.
True
False
 
26. _______ Protocol is used by the unix program mrouted and the Internet multicast backbone.
DVMRP
PRMVD
RPMDV
none of the given

Question # 1 of 20

_________ is used to attach two autonomous systems.

Select correct option:

BGP
IGP
EGP
none of the given

Question # 2 of 20
Due to revolutionalization of IP-V6 the speed has increased from _______
Select correct option:

56kbps to 512kbps
512kbps to 1gbps
56kbps to 1gbps
none of the given
 Scale is also dramatically changed. Size from a few tens to a few tens of millions
of computers has been revolutionized. Speed has increased from 56Kbps to 1Gbps. Also
there is an increased frame size in hardware
Question # 3 of 20
Whenever it handles a packet, IP software needs to separate the destination address into a prefix.
Select correct option:
True
False
COMPUTING THE CLASS OF AN ADDRESS:
Whenever it handles a packet, IP software needs to separate the destination
address into a prefix and suffix.

Question # 4 of 20
TTL stands for __________
Select correct option:

Time to Learn
Time to Leave
Time to Live
none of the given

Question # 5 of 20
IGPs stand for _________
Select correct option:

Internal Gateway Protocols

Interior Gateway Protocols
Intermediate Gateway Protocols
None of the given
Question # 6 of 20
_____________identifies which application program on receiving computer should receive the
data
Select correct option:

Logical address
Source port
Destination Port
None of the given
Field Destination Port identifies which application program on receiving computer should
receive the data. While field source port identifies the application programs that sent the data.
Question # 7 of 20
__________________encapsulates IP datagram as data area in hardware frame.
Select correct option:

Network Interface Layer

Datalink Layer
Network Layer
None of the given
The network interface layer encapsulates an entire datagram in the data area of a hardware frame
 vuzs.net
Question # 8 of 20
 
Class A mask is 255.0.0.0 which is used for ________________
Select correct option:
Unicasting
Multicasting
Subnetting
All of the given
class A mask is 255.0.0.0 which is used for subnetting.
 
Question # 9 of 20
 
NAT is not useful at a residence with Cable Modem or DSL connectivity.
Select correct option:
True
False
 
Question # 10 of 20
Autonomous System chooses a routing protocol to exchange routing information which is passed
before being summarized to another group.
Select correct option:
True
False

Question # 11 of 20
______ layer Provides reliable delivery of datagram.
Select correct option:
Network
Transport
Datalink
none of the given

Transport layer provides reliable delivery. Network layer – IP – can detect and
report errors without actually fixing them. It focuses on datagram delivery. Application
layer is not interested in differentiating among delivery problems at intermediate routers
Question # 12 of 20
The process of using a routing table to select a next hop for a given datagram is
called_________.
Select correct option:
Encapsulation
Reassembling
Routing or forwarding
None of the given
The process of using a routing table to select a next hop for a given datagram is called routing or
forwarding.
Question # 13 of 20
The process of learning the path MTU is known as path MTU discovery.
Select correct option:
True
False
The process of learning the path MTU is known as path MTU discovery.
 
Question # 14 of 20 
As the Internet grew, the original Classful addressing scheme became a limitation. The IP
address space was being exhausted because all networks had to choose one of ________ possible
sizes.
Select correct option:
three
two
four
five
 
Three
 As the Internet grew, the original Classful addressing scheme became a limitation.
The IP address space was being exhausted because all networks had to choose one of
three possible sizes. Many addresses were unused.
Two new mechanisms were invented to overcome the limitations, which are as
follows:
• Subnet addressing
• Classless addressing
Question # 15 of 20
End to End delivery Service of IP datagram is _____
Select correct option:

Connection oriented
Connectionless
both a and b
none of the given

Question # 16 of 20
EGP stands for _________
Select correct option:

Extension Gateway Protocol

Exterior Gateway Protocol
Explicit Gateway Protocol
none of the given

Question # 17 of 20
Hashing is the transformation of a string of characters into a usually shorter fixed-length value or
a key that represents the original string.
Select correct option:

True
False
Hashing is the transformation of a string of characters into a usually shorter fixed-length value or
a key that represents the original string. Hashing is used to index and retrieve items in a database
because it is faster to find the item using the shorter hashed key than to find it using the original
value. It is also used in many encryption algorithms.
Question # 18 of 20 
Although the ARP message format is sufficiently general to allow arbitrary protocol and
hardware addresses. ARP is almost always used to bind a 32-bit IP address to a ____ Ethernet
address.
Select correct option:

16-bit
48-bit
64-bit
128-bit
 Although the ARP message format is sufficiently general to allow arbitrary protocol and
hardware addresses. ARP is almost always used to bind a 32-bit IP address to a 48-bit Ethernet
address
Question # 19 of 20 
Reliability is not the responsibility of the Transport layer.
Select correct option:

True
False
 Reliability is the responsibility of the Transport layer. In TCP/IP, TCP provides reliable
transport service. Most Internet applications use TCP as no other protocol has proved to work
better.
 
Question # 20 of 20
 
IPV6 address with ______ leading zeros is interpreted to hold an IPV4 address.
Select correct option:
http://www.vuzs.net/
96
100
120
none of the given
IPv6 address with 96 leading zeros is interpreted to hold an IPv4 addressQuestion # 1 of 20 
 
NAT software does not allow a PC to connect with the Internet and act as a NAT device at the
same time.
Select correct option:
True
False
 
Question # 2 of 20 
TCP uses the term segment to refer to a ________.
Select correct option:

packet
message
both (a) and (b)
None of the given
both a and b?
 TCP uses single format for all messages. TCP uses the term segment to refer to a message. Each
message sent from TCP on one machine to TCP on another machine uses this format including
data and acknowledgement.
Question # 3 of 20 
The Universal Datagram Protocol is a message-oriented protocol.
Select correct option:

True
False
 UDP has the following characteristics.
• It is an end-to-end protocol. It provides application-to-application communication.
• It provides connectionless service.
• It is a Message-Oriented protocol.
• It uses best-effort delivery service.
• It follows arbitrary interaction.
• It is operating system independent
Question # 4 of 20 
______________field tells the receiver how to order fragments within a given datagram.
Select correct option:

FLAGS
FLAGMENT OFFSET
IDENTIFICATION
None of the given
The FRAGMENT OFFSET field tells a receiver how to order fragments within a given datagram
Question # 5 of 20 
IP datagram can contains ________ octets.
Select correct option:

0-65,535
1-65,535
1-65,536
none of the given
Datagrams can have different sizes i.e.
 Header area is usually fixed (20 octets) but can have options. Data area can contain
between 1 octet and 65.535 octets (216-1).
Usually, data area is much larger than header.
 
Question # 6 of 20 
The amount of buffer space available at any time is called the window.
Select correct option:
True
False 
Question # 7 of 20 
_______ Source is responsible for fragmentation.
Select correct option:

IPV4
IPV6
 IPv6 source (not intermediate routers) is responsible for fragmentation. Routers
simply drop datagrams larger than network MTU (Maximum Transmission Unit). So
source must fragment datagram to reach destination.
Question # 8 of 20 
Routers use _______ to forward datagrams along prearranged path.
Select correct option:

Traffic class
Flow label
Destination address
none of the given
 Routers use flow label to forward datagrams along prearranged path
Question # 9 of 20 
_______ protocol uses three way handshake to begin a connection.
Select correct option:

UDP
TCP
IP
none of the given
Question # 10 of 20 
Typical internet routing uses uses a combination of two metrics__________________.
Select correct option:

routing metrics
administrative cost and routing metrics
hop cost
administrative cost and hop count 
Question # 14 of 20 
Network Address and Port Translation (NAPT) is by far the most popular form of _______
Select correct option:

Network Address Transmission

Network Address Translation
Network Address Transformation
None of the given 
Question # 15 of 20 
The routers within an autonomous system use a _____________ to exchange routing
information.
Select correct option:

Interior Gateway protocols(IGPs)

Exterior Gateway protocol (EGPs)
Both Interior Gateway protocols(IGPs) and Exterior Gateway protocol (EGPs)
None of the given
 
It is used among routers within autonomous system. The destinations lie within IGP.  
Question # 17 of 20 
Interior Gateway Protocols (IGPs) and Exterior Gateway Protocols (EGPs) two broad classes of
Internet Routing Protocol.
Select correct option:

True
False 
Question # 18 of 20 
The Network Layer Protocol ICMP stands for____________
Select correct option:

Instant Control Message Protocol

Internet Control Message Protocol
Initial Control Message Protocol
None of the given 
Question # 19 of 20 
The Current version of IP-Version 4 is _____ old
Select correct option:

18 years
20 years
22 years
none of given
Question # 20 of 20 ( Start time: 11:05:43 AM ) Total M - 1
TCP is a connectionless and reliable transport protocol.
Select correct option:

True
False

Header contains all information needed to deliver datagram to the destination computer.
But which one of the following is not included: 

         Destination address

         Source address
         Rectifier
         Other delivery information
Header contains all information needed to deliver datagram to the destination computer
Destination address
Source address
Identifier
Other delivery information
 
 
________ field is used to identify a specific path through the network 
Flow label
Traffic class
Both a and b
None of the given
Flow label is partitioned into a TRAFFIC CLASS field and a separate FLOW LABEL field used
to identify a specific path thorough the network.

The Source can configure outgoing datagram’s to avoid _________ 

         Segmentation
         Defragmentation
         Fragmentation        
Source can configure outgoing datagrams to avoid fragmentation
 
Question
Every hardware technology specification includes the definition of the maximum size of the
frame data area, which is called the ____________ Transmission Unit.
 
 
         Least
         Maximum
         Fragment
         Frame
Every hardware technology specification includes the definition of the maximum size of the
frame data area, which is called the Maximum Transmission Unit (MTU).
 
Question
Although the ARP message format is sufficiently general to allow arbitrary protocol and
hardware addresses. ARP is almost always used to bind a 32-bit IP address to a ____ Ethernet
address.
 
         16-bit
         48-bit
         64-bit
         128-bit
ARP is almost always used to bind a 32-bit IP address to a 48-bit Ethernet address
 
Question
Fragmentation when using ICMP for path MTU should be avoided.
 
         True
         False
 
Question
End to End delivery Service of IP datagram is _____
 
         Connection oriented
         Connectionless
         both a and b
         none of the given
End-to-end delivery service is connection less.
Question
HEADER LEN field gives size of extention header.
 
         False
         True
 
Question
_________ Serve Same purpose in Internet as frames on LAN
 
         Packets
         Virtual Packets
         Virtual Frames
         Both b and c
 
VIRTUAL PACKETS:
These packets serve same purpose in Internet as frames on LAN.
Question
 
Header contains all information needed to deliver datagram to the destination computer. But
which one of the following is not included
 
Destination address
Source address
 Rectifier
Other delivery information
Header contains all information needed to deliver datagram to the destination computer
 Destination address
 •  Source address
 •  Identifier
 •  Other delivery information
 
Question

________ encapsulates IP datagram as data area in hardware frame. 

Select correct option: 

Network Interface Layer

Data link Layer

Network Layer

None of the given

Network interface layer encapsulates IP datagram as data area in hardware frame.

Question 
________ field is used to identify a specific path through the network 
Select correct option: 

Flow label

Traffic class

Both a and b

None of the given

Flow label is partitioned into a TRAFFIC CLASS field and a separate FLOW LABEL field used
to identify a specific path thorough the network.
Question 
IPV6 address with ______ leading zeros is interpreted to hold an IPV4 address. 
Select correct option: 

96

100

120

none of the given

IPv6 address with 96 leading zeros is interpreted to hold an IPv4 address.
Question

Although the ARP message format is sufficiently general to allow arbitrary protocol and
hardware addresses. ARP is almost always used to bind a 32-bit IP address to a ____ Ethernet
address.
 
 48bit
Other options are missing
 

ARP is almost always used to bind a 32-bit IP address to a 48-bit Ethernet address

Question 
For _____________, information about forwarding is stored in a routing table, which is
initialized at system initialization and must be updated as network topology changes. 
Select correct option: 

Efficiency

Security

Accuracy

Anomalies
For efficiency, information about forwarding is stored in a routing table, which is initialized at
system initialization and must be updated as network topology changes

Question
_______ is a technique used to Limit datagram size to small MTU of any network 
Select correct option: 

Segmentation

Fragmentation

Encapsulation

none of the given

FRAGMENTATION:
One technique is to limit datagram size to smallest MTU of any network
Question
 
Class A mask is 255.0.0.0 which is used for ______ 
Select correct option: 

Unicasting

Multicasting

Subnetting

All of the given

class A mask is 255.0.0.0 which is used for subnetting.

Question
When one computer sends an ARP message to another the message travels inside the hardware
frame. Technically, placing a message inside a frame for transport is not called encapsulation. 
Select correct option: 

True

False
Technically, placing a message inside a frame for transport is called encapsulationQuestion 
Which one of these is not a main feature of connectionless service: 
 
It includes extension of LAN abstraction. 

It has universal addressing and the data is delivered in packets frames), each with a header. 

It combines collection of physical networks into a single virtual network.

It has universal addressing and the data is delivered in packets frames), without a header. 

The main features of connectionless service are

It includes extension of LAN abstraction. It has universal addressing and the data is delivered in
packets (frames), each with a header. It combines collection of physical networks into a single
virtual network

Question
 
Which protocol is used to test different tools
 
ICMP

IGMP

TCP/IP
none of the given
ICMP can also be used to test different tools.

Question 
________ message is sent in response to incoming datagrams with problems. 
Select correct option: 

TCP/IP 

IGMP

ICMP

none of the given

ICMP message is sent in response to incoming datagrams with problems. ICMP message is not
sent for ICMP message.

Question
Which one is NOT the function of ping program 
 
Traceability 

Reach ability

Both a and b 

None of the given 

Ping program tests reachability

Question 
IPV6 address with ______ leading zeros is interpreted to hold an IPV4 address. 
Select correct option: 

96

100

120

none of the given

IPv6 address with 96 leading zeros is interpreted to hold an IPv4 address

Question
 
A datagram cannot be larger than ________ of a network over which it is sent. 
Select correct option: 

MTU
Size

IP header 

None of the given

Datagram encapsulated in a hardware frame must be smaller than the MTU for that hardware

Question 
The Source can configure outgoing datagram’s to avoid _________ 

Segmentation

Defragmentation

Fragmentation

None of the given 

Fragmentation should be avoided. Source can configure outgoing datagrams to avoid

fragmentation

Question
Every hardware technology specification includes the definition of the maximum size of the
frame data area, which is called the ____________ Transmission Unit. 
Select correct option: 

Least

Maximum

Fragment

Frame
Every hardware technology specification includes the definition of the maximum size of the
frame data area, which is called the Maximum Transmission Unit (MTU).

Question
_____ Protocol provides error reporting mechanism. 
Select correct option: 

IGMP

SNMP

ICMP

none of the given

Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMP) provides error reporting mechanism.

Question 
_______ Source is responsible for fragmentation. 
Select correct option: 

IPV4

IPV6

IPv6 source (not intermediate routers) is responsible for fragmentation

 
MTU Stands for _______ 
 
Mininum transmission unit

Maximum transmission unit

Multicast transmission unit

None of the given

The protocol address of the next hop must be _____________ to an equivalent hardware address
before a packet can be sent.

Encrypted
Decrypted
Translated
Non of these
 
A _____________ address-binding table is used for each physical network.
New
Similar
Separate
Old
UDP provides connection-oriented service.
True
False
TCP provides connection oriented reliable data streaming service, whereas UDP provides
connection-less unreliable messaging service.
 
The UDP stands for__________.
Universal Datagram Protocol
User Datagram Protocol
United Datagram Protocol
None of the given
 
In 3-way handshake TCP requires to generate a random ________ sequence number.
30 bit
32 bit
34 bit
none of the given
 
TCP stands for _______
Transport control protocol
Transmission control protocol
Terminal control protocol
None of the given