Safety

Inspection
Forms
Safety and Health Programs Is there a system for identifying and evaluat-
ing workplace hazards when new substances,
Does your safety and health program contain processes, procedures, or equipment are
the following seven key elements: introduced into the workplace and whenever
Management commitment the employer receives notification of a new or
previously unrecognized hazard?
Labor and management accountability
Were workplace hazards identified when the
Employee involvement plan was first established?
Hazard identification and control Are periodic inspections for safety and health
Incident and accident investigation hazards scheduled?
Worker training Do you keep records of inspections that
identified unsafe conditions and work
Periodic program evaluation practices, if required?
Note: Your safety committee is charged with Is there a procedure to investigate accidents
the responsibility for reviewing your plan and and near-misses?
making recommendations for improvement.
Are unsafe and unhealthful conditions and
Is complying with safety and health policies work practices corrected immediately, with
and procedures a condition of employment? the most hazardous exposures corrected first?
Have you clearly identified the person Are employees protected from serious or
charged with the authority and responsibility imminent hazards until they are corrected?
for implementing the plan and informed all
your employees? Have employees received training about safe
and healthful work practices?
Are supervisors knowledgeable about the
safety and health hazards to which employ- Do employees know the safety and health
ees under their immediate direction and hazards specific to their job assignments?
control may be exposed? Is training provided to all newly hired
Is there a system for ensuring that employees employees?
comply with safe and healthful work practices Is training provided to all employees when
(employee incentives, training and retraining they receive new job assignments?
programs, or disciplinary measures)?
Are training needs of employees evaluated
Is there a system for communicating with when new substances, processes, proce-
employees about occupational safety and dures, or equipment are introduced into the
health matters (meetings, training programs, workplace and whenever the employer
written communications, and a system for receives notification of a previously unrec-
anonymous notification concerning hazards ognized hazard?
or health and safety committees)?
Are records kept that document safety-and-
Does the communication system encourage health training for each employee by name
employees to inform the employer of hazards (or other identifier) and include training
at the worksite without fear of reprisal? dates, type of training, and provider?
Does the employer have a labor/manage-
ment safety and health committee?
General Safety and Health and Has training been provided to employees
Environmental Controls who use ladders and stairways?

Do procedures ensure that frequent and Has each potentially exposed employee been
regular inspections are conducted to identify trained to recognize and minimize fall hazards?
hazards in materials and equipment and on Has training by a competent person been
the job site? provided for each employee who might be
Has the job site been inspected to identify exposed to fall hazards?
environmental hazards such as asbestos, Have erectors and dismantlers been trained?
toxic chemicals, contaminated soil, etc.?
Has the prime contractor provided essential Employer Posting
services required at the job site (e.g., guard- Is the OR-OSHA “Safety and Health Protec-
rails, toilets, etc.)? tion on the Job” poster displayed in a promi-
nent location where all employees are likely
Medical Requirements to see it?
Is there an emergency medical plan to ensure Are emergency phone numbers posted
prompt treatment of an injured worker? where they readily accessible?
Are basic first-aid supplies available and Where employees may be exposed to toxic
readily accessible to all employees? substances or harmful physical agents, has
Are ambulance and hospital names and appropriate information concerning employee
phone numbers posted? access to medical and exposure records and
material safety data sheets (MSDSs) been
Are all employees aware of the identity of the posted or otherwise made available?
first-aid-trained person or provider and the
elements of the emergency medical plan? Are the safety committee meeting minutes
posted or distributed to all employees?
Sanitation Is the OSHA 200 summary posted each
February?
If your project is bid at a million dollars or
more, have you provided flush toilets and
warm water washing facilities, as required
Record-keeping
by OAR 437-003-0020 and ORS 654.150? Are all occupational injuries and illnesses —
Do you provide chemical, recirculating, or except minor injuries requiring only first aid
combustion toilets when your project bid is — recorded as required on the OR-OSHA
less than a million dollars? Form 200? (Applies to employers with more
than 10 employees.)
Do you provide an adequate supply of
potable water and disposable cups on Are copies of OR-OSHA Form 200 and the
your job sites? First Report of Injury — Form 801, kept for
five years?
Safety Training and Education Are employee safety and health training
records maintained?
Has each employee been trained to recognize
and avoid unsafe conditions? Are safety committee meeting minutes
maintained for three years?
Have employees been trained in regulations
pertinent to their work environment? Are certificates of fall protection training
maintained? 29 CFR 1926.503(b)(2)
Written Programs Are radial arm saws equipped with lower
blade guards?
Does the company have a written hazard
communication program? Does it meet the Are the saws used for ripping supplied
requirements in OAR 437 Division 3 - with hood guards, anti-kickback devices,
1926.59(e) Hazard Communication? and a spreader?

Does the company have a written lockout/ Are belts, pulleys, chains, and sprockets
tagout program? on equipment, such as concrete mixers, air
compressors, and welders fully enclosed
Have you identified the following potential with guards?
energy sources in your lockout/tagout program:
Are foot-actuated pedals guarded against
electrical accidental contact?
hydraulic Are all moving chains and gears properly
mechanical guarded?
pneumatic Are machine guards secured and arranged
so they don’t create an additional hazard?
springs
Are fan blades covered with a guard having
Have you provided employee training and/ openings no larger than 1⁄2 inch when the fan
or orientation? is operating within seven feet of the floor?
Do you have an assured equipment ground- Are devices installed on hose connections of
ing program or use GFCIs? air compressors to prevent disengagement
Is there a written fall-protection plan when and whipping?
conventional fall protection is
unfeasible or creates a greater hazard? Flammable and Combustible Liquids
Does the company have written and docu- When handling and using flammable liquids
mented procedures for crane operator train- in quantities greater than one gallon, are
ing, and is the crane operations manual approved metal or plastic safety cans used
available for use by the operators and for exclusively?
crane-operator classes?
Abrasive Wheel Equipment and Grinders
Machine Guarding, Power-operated Tools and
Is a work rest used and kept adjusted to
Equipment
within 1⁄8 inch of the grinding wheel?
Are grinders, saws, and similar equipment Is the adjustable tongue guard on the top
provided with safety guards? side of the grinder used and kept adjusted
Are portable circular saws equipped to within 1⁄4 inch of the wheel?
with working guards above and below the Do side guards that present no more than a
base shoe? 90-degree opening of the wheel periphery
Are stops set on radial arm saws to prevent cover the spindle end, nut, and flange?
the saw blade from passing the front edge of Are goggles or face shields (meeting ANSI
the cutting table? Z87.1) always worn when grinding? ?
Are radial arm saws installed in such a Is all personal protective equipment clean,
manner that the cutting head returns gently sanitized, and properly stored?
to the starting position when released by the
operator? Are right-angle grinders equipped with a
guard between the wheel and the operator?
 Flexible cords and portable tools are Is protection from noise exposure provided
inspected at least quarterly and recorded when sound levels exceed the OR-OSHA
or color coded when inspected noise and hearing conservation standard
levels? OAR 437-003-0027 and Div. 2/G
Cords and tools are checked daily and
removed if there are deficiencies 1910.95
Are adequate work procedures and equip-
Personal Protective Equipment and Clothing (PPE) ment and protective clothing provided and
used when employees are cleaning up toxic
Are protective goggles or face shields pro- or other hazardous materials spills?
vided and worn when there is danger from
flying particles or corrosive materials?
Portable Ladders
Are approved safety glasses required to be
worn at all times where there’s risk of eye Does regular ladder maintenance ensure that
punctures, abrasions, contusions, or burns? movable parts operate without binding or
undue play and that steps and fittings are
Are workers who use glasses or contact attached securely?
lenses required to wear approved safety
glasses, protective goggles, or other medi- Are non-slip safety feet provided on all
cally approved precautionary procedures ladders?
in environments with harmful exposures? When ladders may be accidentally displaced,
Are protective gloves, aprons, shields, or are they secured or protected?
other protection provided against cuts, Are tops of ladders placed on secure surfaces
corrosive liquids, and chemicals? or restrained from slipping?
Are hardhats always provided and worn in Are ladders installed at an angle so that the
areas where there is the possibility of falling feet are one-quarter the height of the ladder
or flying objects or impact? away from the base of the structure the
Are highly visible garments warn when there ladder leans against?
is exposure to highway traffic? Are portable ladders installed so that
Are hardhats inspected periodically for they extend at least 36 inches above the
damage to the shell and suspension system? surface served?

Is appropriate foot protection required Are nonconductive ladders used where there
when there is risk of foot injury from heat, is possible contact with exposed energized
corrosion, penetration, poisonous substances, electrical parts?
falling objects, or crushing?
Fixed Ladders
Are approved respirators provided for
regular and emergency use? Are fixed ladders 24 feet or longer provided
with cages, wells, ladder safety devices, or
Is all protective equipment kept sanitary
self-retracting lifelines regardless of the
and ready for use?
climbing distance?
Do you have eyewash facilities and a quick-
Do fixed ladders extend 42 inches above the
drench shower at worksites where employees
surface served?
are exposed to caustic or corrosive materials?
When the total length of the climb equals or
Is special equipment available for
exceeds 24 feet:
electrical workers?
Does the ladder have a safety device or self-
When workers eat at worksites, do you ensure
retracting lifeline and rest platforms at
they eat in areas where there is no exposure to
intervals not exceeding 150 feet, or
toxic materials or other health hazards?
Welding and Brazing Are work and electrode lead cables fre-
quently inspected for wear and damage,
Have you performed a hazard assessment of and replaced when necessary?
the work area and the job to identify hazard-
ous conditions such as exposure to welding Are the stingers checked for cracks or breaks
fumes, lead, or fumes from working on and repaired or replaced if necessary?
galvanized steel? When the object to be welded can’t be moved
If hazardous exposures to materials have been and fire hazards can’t be removed, are shields
identified, have engineering controls been used to confine heat, sparks, and slag?
initiated to remove the hazard; if the hazard Are drums, barrels, tanks, and other contain-
can’t be removed, are the welders protected ers scheduled for cutting and welding cleaned
by proper personal protective equipment? and tested to ensure that there is no hazard of
Are welders who work from unguarded explosion or release of toxic vapors?
surfaces protected from falls? Do face shields, eye protection, and goggles
Are only authorized and trained personnel meet appropriate standards?
permitted to use welding, cutting, or brazing Is adequate ventilation provided where
equipment? welding or cutting is performed? 29 CFR
Are V-belt drives and fans on all welding 1910.252(c)(2), 1926.353
machines guarded? When working in confined spaces, is sam-
Are compressed gas cylinders regularly pling done for oxygen deficiency and toxic or
examined for signs of defect, deep rusting, flammable materials, and are means pro-
or leaking? vided for quick removal of welders in case of
an emergency?
Are cylinders kept away from heat?
Have you identified explosion or fire hazards
Are back-flow or flashback preventers pro- from flammable or explosive vapors or
vided between the torch and hoses? combustible materials that may be present or
Are regulators and gauges in good working generated by the welding process?
condition? If there are flammable or explosive vapors or
Are oxygen and fuel gases stored 20 feet they may reasonably be anticipated, have
away from each other or separated by a five- you used engineering controls, such as
foot-high fire wall rated at 1⁄2 hour ? testing and ventilation, to eliminate fire or
explosion hazards?
Are cylinders stored with caps on and se-
cured in an upright position? Are all combustible materials at least 35 feet
from the welding operation or covered with a
Are signs posted at oxygen or fuel gas stor- heat-resistant cover?
age locations warning against smoking or
open flames? Lockout and Tagout Procedures
Are suitable fire extinguishing methods
Do you have a written lockout/tagout pro-
available for immediate use?
gram that identifies appropriate and safe
Is the grounding of the machine frame and procedures for de-energizing machines and
safety ground connections of portable ma- other energy sources including electrical,
chines checked periodically? mechanical, hydraulic, and pneumatic?
Are electrodes removed from the holders Are employees adequately trained in the
when not in use? requirements of the lockout/tagout program?
 Has each piece of machinery or equipment Have you established procedures to inform
been evaluated to see if it should be de- other employers whose employees share the
energized and locked out during maintenance same work area where hazardous chemicals
and service? are used?
Are employees prohibited from locking out Do you have an employee training program for
control switches in lieu of locking out main hazardous chemicals that includes the following:
power disconnects?
A description of an MSDS and instruc-
Are all equipment control valve handles tions for obtaining and using one
provided with a means of lockout?
An explanation of ”the employee’s right
Does the lockout/tagout procedure require to know”
that stored energy (e.g., mechanical, hydrau-
An MSDS for each hazardous chemical
lic, pneumatic) be released or blocked before
or class of substances
equipment is locked out for repairs?
Location of hazardous chemicals in work
Have you personally observed lockout proce-
areas and of the employer’s written
dures to ensure they’re being applied properly?
hazard communication program
Does the lockout/tagout procedure work?
An explanation of the physical and health
Are employees provided with individually hazards of chemicals in the work area,
keyed personal safety locks? how to detect their presence, and specific
protective measures to be used
Are employees required to maintain control
of their key(s) according to regulations while Hazard communication program details,
they have safety locks in use? including labeling system and MSDS use
Do you require employees to verify that How employees will be informed of
equipment is fully de-energized? hazards of non-routine tasks and hazards
of unlabeled pipes
Do you require employees personally place
and remove their locks?
Housekeeping
Hazard Communication Are your employees prohibited from drop-
ping waste material more than 20 feet to the
Have you compiled a list of the hazardous
ground outside of the building without an
chemicals used at your workplace? enclosed chute?
Is there a written hazard communication Is all scrap lumber, waste material, and rub-
program dealing with material safety data bish removed from the immediate work area?
sheets, labeling, and employee training?
Are barricades set up to keep workers at least
Has a person been designated to be respon- six feet from areas under overhead openings
sible for MSDSs, container labeling, and through which debris is dropped?
employee training?
Are signs posted at each level warning of the
Is each container for a hazardous chemical
hazard of falling materials?
(e.g., vats, bottles, storage tanks) labeled with
product identity and a hazard warning Are stairways and walkways clear of debris
communicating the specific health hazard throughout the project?
and physical hazards?
Are combustible materials stored properly in
Is there a MSDS readily available for each appropriate containers?
hazardous chemical used?
Safety Committees Has the power company been notified if work
is to be done in the vicinity of overhead lines?
Have you established a safety committee?
Are all temporary lights within seven feet of
Committees are required if any of the following the floor guarded?
are true:
Are all plug connections used with the
• You have 11 or more employees voltage for which they were designed?
• Your lost workday cases incidence rate
is in the top 10 percent of all rates for Are live parts of electrical circuits de-energized
employers in the same industry before an employee works on or near them?
• The workers’ compensation premium Are all exposed energized parts in the
classification assigned by NCCI to the temporary power supply protected from
greatest portion of your payroll has a possible contact?
premium rate in the top 25 percent of Are all power-supply circuit disconnects
premium rated for all classes marked according to their functions?
Does your committee represent the safety
and health concerns of all your mobile sites? Is splicing only allowed on extension cords if
they are larger than size 12 and the splicing
Have you developed a written agenda for retains insulation protection equal to the
conducting safety committee meetings? original extension cord?
Are safety committee meetings held at least Do you always ensure that flexible cords are
once a month? not immersed in water or exposed to damage
Are the meeting minutes kept and posted or from vehicles?
distributed to employees on a monthly basis? Are all junction boxes used in a wet environ-
Has the committee established procedures ment waterproof?
for evaluating your safety and health pro- Are you using a ground fault circuit inter-
gram, and established procedures for you to rupter or have you established an assured
respond in writing to recommendations? equipment grounding program?
Does your safety committee membership meet Have all underground utilities been located
the following criteria: prior to any excavation work?
Chairperson elected by the committee Is all digging within four feet of power lines
An equal number of employer and done by hand?
employee representatives Are power lines de-energized?
No fewer than four members for a Has the utility company been consulted
company with more than 20 employees before digging?
No fewer than two members for a
company with 20 or fewer employees Assured Equipment Grounding
If your company is not using ground fault circuit
Electrical (general) interrupters for temporary power, has an as-
Are employees prohibited from bringing any sured equipment grounding program been
vehicle, crane, tools, or material within 10 feet implemented that meets the following criteria:
of high voltage lines (600 volts or higher)? A written description of the program is
available at the worksite
A competent person is designated by the
employer to implement the program
 Does the ladder have a cage or well, sections Is the scaffold solidly planked to within three
not exceeding 50 feet, and off-set landing inches of the guardrail?
platforms at each 50-foot interval?
Are there tripping hazards or slippery
conditions that need to be eliminated?
Scaffolds (mobile)
Do planks extend over the end bearers at
Is the scaffold no higher than four times its least six inches?
smallest base dimension?
Where planks overlap, do they overlap a
Is the scaffold level and plumb? minimum of 12 inches?
Are casters provided with positive locking Are planks that are not overlapped secured
devices? from movement?
Are the casters locked when the scaffold If a mason’s platform is used, is it within 12
is in use? inches of the wall?
Is the scaffold fully planked, and are planks Are employees working on the mason’s
secured or overlapped on the supports by platform protected from falling to the back
12 inches? of the platform?
Are guardrails provided on scaffolds higher Are toeboards at least four inches high
than 10 feet? provided if there is a hazard to people
Do guardrails meet minimum requirements below?
of 42 inches nominal for the top rail and Are screens provided between the toeboards
approximately 21 inches for the midrail? and the guardrails if people pass under the
Is a ladder provided, and is it tied off to scaffold?
prevent displacement? Are tubular welded frame scaffolds over 125
Are employees prohibited from riding on feet high designed by a registered engineer
mobile scaffolds on non-level ground or and are the plans available?
when scaffold height exceeds twice its Are scaffolds tied to the structure according
smallest base dimensions? to the manufacturer’s recommendations?

Scaffolds (tubular welded frame) Scaffolds (pump jack)

Is the scaffold level and plumb? Is the plank secured to the bracket?
Are adequate sills and footings provided Has a ladder been supplied for access?
to carry the load without displacement?
Is the footing or foundation of the poles
Are base plates provided and used? stable and firm?
Are all cross braces and diagonal braces Is fall protection provided on scaffolds
in place? higher than 10 feet?
Is a ladder or equivalent means of safe access
available to each working level? Scaffolds (ladder jack)
Are guardrails and end rails provided on Is fall protection provided?
scaffolds higher than 10 feet?
Are the ladder jacks no more 20 feet tall?
Are all platforms at least 20 inches wide?
Does the jack have at least 10 inches of bear-
ing on the rungs or is it designed so that it
bears on the side rungs?
 Are the ladders equipped with devices or Do the engineering plans include:
installed in a manner to prevent them from
Scaffold attachments
slipping?
Working decks
Are ladders heavy-duty?
Jack layout
Are the planks overlapped on the bearing
surface by at least 12 inches? Formwork
Is your shoring equipment or system
If you are using wood planks, is the span
inspected immediately prior to concrete
eight feet or less?
placement, during placement, and immedi-
Are more than two employees prohibited ately after, to ensure that no weakening or
on any eight-foot span of the scaffold? damage has occurred?

Masonry Block Wall Construction Demolition

Is there a limited-access zone established on Has a competent person done an engineering
the nonscaffolded side of unbraced block survey on the structure before demolition to
walls taller than eight feet? preclude unplanned collapses?
Is the limited-access zone at least the height Is the engineering survey on the job site in
of the wall plus four feet? written form?
Is the limited-access zone restricted to Are all utilities capped outside of the build-
employees working on the wall? ing or otherwise controlled?
Have the utility companies been contacted?
Concrete Construction
Are essential utilities adequately protected
Is all protruding rebar capped or guarded by from damage?
other means to protect employees who could
fall onto or into it? Has a hazard assessment of the building
been performed to identify chemicals,
Do employees who apply concrete through asbestos, explosives, or substances in tanks
pneumatic hoses wear head and face or pipes, and have steps been taken to
protection? remove hazards?
Are employees working more than six feet Are all wall openings guarded with standard
above ground using fall protection when 39 to 45-inch-high guardrails?
placing or tying reinforcing steel?
Are floor holes or openings covered to with-
Are employees prohibited from riding stand potential loads and covers secured
concrete buckets? against displacement?
Are employees prohibited from working Are all means of access and egress to the
under buckets when buckets are being building designated, clear of obstructions,
lowered or elevated? and well-lighted?
During tensioning operations, do signs and Is there adequate illumination for all
barriers limit access behind jacks to employ- work areas?
ees essential to the process?
Are material disposal chutes provided if
Do concrete buckets equipped with hydraulic or material is thrown from a height of more
pneumatic gates have positive safety latches? than 20 feet?
Is the concrete shoring system engineered, Are all areas to which material is dropped
and are the plans on site? outside the building adequately protected
or barricaded?
 If there are chute openings in the building, Floor Holes and Wall Openings
are employees protected from falling into the
chute by 42-inch-high (42 inches ± 3 inches) Are all floor holes higher than six feet guarded
guardrails? by standard guardrails or covered with mate-
rial capable of withstanding at least twice the
Are stop logs used at floor edges or openings weight of any equipment, employee, or other
to prevent equipment from running over weight that may be placed on it?
the edge?
Are floor covers secured against displacement?
Fire Protection and Prevention Are toeboards installed around the edges of
a floor hole in situations where people may
Are portable fire extinguishers conspicuously
pass below the opening?
marked and checked annually?
Are open-sided floors, ramps, and other
Do you inspect your portable extinguishers
passageways provided with standard guard-
on a monthly basis to ensure that they are
rails 39 to 45 (42 inches ± 3 inches) inches
maintained and fully charged?
high when the fall is six feet or more?
Are fire extinguishers provided in the
Are cable guardrails checked and maintained
operator’s cab of the crane?
to prevent excessive slack?
Are fire extinguishers located on each floor
Are cable guardrails flagged every six feet?
of a multistory building?
Are window openings provided with guard-
Is there at least one fire extinguisher located
rails where the lower wall is less than 39
by the stairway of multistory buildings?
inches above the surface and the potential
Are fire extinguishers rated at 10B or higher fall is more than six feet?
provided within 50 feet whenever more than
five gallons of flammable or combustible Stairs and Stair Railings
liquids or five pounds of flammable gas are
stored or used? Are stairs or a ladder provided where there
is an elevation break of 19 inches?
Powder-actuated Tools Are standard stair rails and handrails present
on all stairways having four or more risers or
Are the employees using powder-actuated
that rise more than 30 inches?
tools trained to operate those particular tools?
Are all stairways at least 22 inches wide?
Are employees prohibited from using pow-
der-actuated tools in an explosive or flam- Do stairs have at least a 6-foot-6-inch over-
mable atmosphere? head clearance?
Are powder-actuated tools tested before Are stairs with pan-type treads and landings
each use to see that the safety devices are in filled to the top edge of the pan with solid
proper working condition? material?
Do you post an operator’s sign (8 x 10 inches), Are stair risers uniform throughout the
“Powder-actuated Tool In Use,” in the imme- stair run?
diate area prior to use of such tools?
Are slippery conditions on stairways
Do you keep the tool and loads locked in a eliminated?
container and stored in a safe place when
Are stair railings 30-37 inches high, measured
they’re not in use?
from the forward edge of the tread?
Are loads of different power levels and types
kept in separate compartments or containers?
 Are stair railings provided with a midrail? Forklifts (Powered industrial trucks)
Are toeboards provided when people may Is the person responsible for training/evalua-
pass beneath the open side? tion knowledgeable about the industrial truck
Are handrails provided on enclosed sides, operator training requirements in the code
and, if so, do they have a minimum of 11⁄2 and skilled in lift truck/powered industrial
inches clearance to the wall? truck operation?
Does this individual have the skills
Standard Guardrails needed to train operators?
Is the top rail 39-45 inches high? Are only certified operators allowed to
operate a forklift?
Is the midrail located approximately halfway
between the top rail and the floor? Are they trained in truck-related topics?
Are the rails 2-inch by 4-inch guardrail Are they trained in workplace-related
uprights on eight-foot centers? topics?
Are the top rails capable of withstanding Has each operator been trained or evalu-
200 pounds’ pressure applied in any direc- ated in the last three years?
tion with minimum of deflection?
Does each operator have basic knowledge
Are toeboards provided, and are they at least of codes relating to lift truck operations?
four inches high, when people may be pass-
Does the forklift have the rated load capacity
ing beneath the open side?
and are other important warnings and oper-
If vertical members are used in lieu of a ating instructions legibly posted in plain
midrail, are the gaps less than 19 inches wide? view of the operator?
If forklifts are provided with seat belts,
Vehicles are they worn by the driver at all times?
Are motor vehicles with obstructed views to Do you conduct periodic spot checks to
the rear backed only when equipped with a ensure compliance?
reverse signal alarm or using a signal person? Are all forklifts inspected before work shifts
Are trucks with dump bodies equipped with for deficiencies?
a positive means of support permanently Does the forklift have an operable horn that
attached to the vehicle, and is it used during can be heard above the noise in the area?
maintenance or inspection?
If the forklift is used for lifting personnel, are the
Are all vehicles checked at the beginning of following true:
each shift to ensure that all vital equipment
is in safe operating condition? The work platform is provided with
standard guardrails.
Are seat belts provided and worn by all
operators of passenger and commercial The platform is secured to the forks of
vehicles and all vehicles equipped with the forklift.
roll-over protective structures (ROPS)? Guarding is provided between the work
Are all pieces of material-handling equip- platform and the mast.
ment and tractors described in 1926 Subdivi- The operator attends the vehicle when
sion W equipped with ROPS? workers are in the work platform.
Employees are prohibited from travelling
from point to point with the forks el-
evated more than four feet.
 When forklifts are left unattended, they Are stored explosives kept in locked
are parked with the forks lowered and magazines?
the brakes set.
Are original containers or Class II maga-
zines used to transport detonators and other
Fall Protection and Body Harnesses explosives from storage magazines to the
blasting area?
Do signs clearly warn against the use of
Is fall protection provided for all employees mobile radio transmitters on all roads within
working over six feet above a lower level by 1,000 feet of the blasting operations?
means of personal fall-arrest systems, guard-
rails, or safety nets? Do you burn empty boxes, paper, and fiber
packing materials that have contained high
Are all fall-protection systems and equip- explosives only at approved locations?
ment installed and utilized according to the
manufacturer’s specifications? Steel Erection — Leading-edge Work
Are all your employees properly trained to (decking, spot, or tack welding)
inspect their fall-protection equipment for
Do you require a positive means of fall
usability and defects?
protection for your decking processes (inte-
If your crew uses lifelines, are lifelines rior or exterior) that create open-sided edges
capable of withstanding at least 5,000 higher than 10 feet above a lower level?
pounds of force?
Does a 42-inch-high safety railing extend
Are anchorage points of lifelines capable of around the interior and exterior peripheries
withstanding 5,000 pounds of force, or are of temporary planked or metal-decked floors
they part of a fall-arrest system that main- of multi-floored structures during structural
tains a safety factor of two, designed by a steel assembly?
qualified person?
Has your fall-protection system been evalu- Steel Erection — Non-connecting (at or above
ated to ensure 100 percent fall protection 10 feet)
while workers move from point to point? Do you require a positive means of fall protection
Are lifelines or lanyards protected if they when the following non-connecting processes
wrap around sharp objects? occur at 10 feet or more above a lower level:
Is equipment regularly inspected for defects? Bolting crew applications — pneumatic
operations at the process points
Are fall-arrest safety harnesses worn prop-
erly, with D-rings in the back? Decking crew processes —
decking layout, spot or puddle welding,
Have you evaluated all tasks to ensure that and cutting applications
all workers are protected from fall hazards?
Plumbing-up guys and turnbuckle
Blasting and Explosives crew processes — installing, adjusting,
and tightening process points
Do you allow only authorized and qualified
Bridging crew applications —
persons to handle and use explosives?
layout, positioning, and tack welding
Do you prohibit heat-producing devices near
Flange bracket applications —
explosive magazines or where explosives are
bolting process
being handled, transported, or used?
Welding over six feet above lower levels
Note: It is important that non-connectors under- Competent Person Requirements
stand the rules that apply to each of the many
tasks they do and essential that each craft be Do you have a designated competent person
given high-quality orientation and training on site who has the authority to implement
prior to starting the job. needed action?
Is the competent person knowledgeable
Excavation (general information) about soil analysis, the use of protective
Are your employees protected from cave-ins systems, and the excavation standard?
by shoring, sloping, or shield systems that Has the competent person performed a daily
meet 1926 Subdivision P requirements in all inspection of the excavation, adjacent area,
excavations five feet or deeper? and the protective systems prior to the start
of work and during the shift?
Has the competent person performed manual
and visual analyses (at least one of each) to
identify soil type each time location or a
situation changes?
Have you located existing utilities by
contacting utility owners prior to digging? Is the chosen shoring or sloping system
Is a ladder provided so workers don’t travel correct for the soil type?
more than 25 feet in the trench?
Aluminum Hydraulic Shoring
Are spoils set back at least two feet from the
edge of the excavation or trench? Are the manufacturer’s instructions and
shoring installation data on site?
Have undermined sidewalks, pavement, and
other structures been braced, shored, or Does the competent person know how to
otherwise supported? read and interpret the data?

Has underpinning or bracing been provided Is shoring installed according to the

if the excavation is below the foundation of manufacturer’s instructions for the soil type?
a structure? Are there at least three shores on each side
If there is water in the trench, is it pumped out? of the trench wall?

Are hardhats worn in the trench and around Is shoring installed in such a manner that
all backhoes and trucks? employees are not exposed to a cave-in?

If confined-space or toxic-atmosphere haz-

Shields
ards exist at your worksite, have protective
measures been implemented? Is the engineering or tabulated data on site
and available upon request?
If working near a roadway, are employees
wearing high-visibility clothing or vests? Have all shields that weren’t constructed
according to an engineer’s diagram been
Are all sloping or engineering systems for
evaluated and approved by a registered
excavations more than 20 feet deep designed
engineer?
by a professional engineer registered in
Oregon? Does the engineering data state the param-
eters of use, such as depth and width of
Does the tabulated data used for the shoring
trench and soil types that are allowed?
system correspond to the soil type at the
job site? Does the competent person know how to
read and interpret the data?
 Does the shield provide protection from the In spaces immediately dangerous to life,
top to the bottom of the trench? are workers provided with a means of
emergency retrieval?
Is the shield installed in such a manner that
it can’t move laterally? Is there a safety watch outside the
confined space?
Can the shield be installed and removed
in a manner that doesn’t expose employees Have all energy sources in the confined
to a cave-in? space been locked or tagged out?
Have all the connecting pins been installed
prior to allowing any exposure within the Scissor Lifts
steel box? Are the shear points guarded by a curtain,
audible signal, or other warning means in
Sloping the descent mode?
If sloping protection is used, does it meet the Is the scissor lift provided with both upper
following criteria? and lower operating controls?

Soil Do the lower controls override the upper

Slope controls in case of an emergency?
classification
Stable rock Are the controls protected against accidental
activation?
A ⁄ :1 (53°)
34
Are standard guardrails provided on the
B 1:1 (45°) platform?
C 11⁄2:1 (34°) Do employees ensure that chain gates are in
position prior to working at elevations?
If the excavation has multiple soil types, does
the degree of slope meet the requirements for
Aerial Lifts
the most unstable soil?
Is personal fall-protection equipment at-
Are all slopes over 20 feet deep engineered
tached to the appropriate anchorage point on
and are the engineering plans on site?
a boom or basket when employees are work-
ing from an aerial lift?
Confined Space
Have all confined-space working conditions Traffic Control
been identified?
Are flaggers provided if barricades aren’t
Are employees adequately trained in con- appropriate?
fined-space entry procedures?
Are “CONSTRUCTION AHEAD” warning
Have the atmospheres in confined spaces signs placed when work is performed on or
such as manholes been tested prior to worker adjacent to roadways?
entry for oxygen deficiency, flammability,
Does the layout of signs, flaggers, and chan-
and toxicity?
neling barricades meet the requirements of
Has adequate ventilation been provided? ANSI-D6.1e, Uniform Traffic Control Manual?
Are employees using supplied air if the Are flaggers trained?
atmosphere is oxygen-deficient (less than
Does hand signalling comply with the require-
19.5 percent oxygen)?
ments of the Uniform Traffic Control Manual?
Are flaggers wearing reflective warning vests?
Cranes Are you protecting wire rope slings from
sharp corners by increasing the corner
When operating cranes and boom trucks radius with corner irons or blocks?
with more than a five-ton capacity, do opera-
tors keep their operator’s cards with them? Do you use shackles when making choker
hitches out of wire rope slings?
Are all rated capacities posted on the crane
and hoisting equipment? Are chain slings made from alloy steel
components?
Are daily crane inspections conducted before
each use and is this inspection documented? Are alloy chain slings taken out of service when
any of the following exist:
Do you conduct a thorough inspection of all
cranes at least once a year? Nicks, cracks, gouges, and wear on any
part of the sling component
Is the inspection documentation available
upon request? Bent links, lifted weld fins, opened hooks,
and stretch
Are “DANGER, STAY CLEAR” signs posted
at all pinch-point areas of the crane? Rust and corrosion

Do you maintain at least three feet of clear- Uneven leg lengths when sling is
ance between the rotating superstructure and hanging free
any fixed object, and if not, are barricades Excessive link wear
used to prevent access to the area?
Are fiber rope slings taken out of service when
Is the sign warning that “IT IS UNLAWFUL any of the following conditions exist:
TO OPERATE CRANES, DERRICKS, AND
POWER SHOVELS WITHIN 10 FEET OF Broken or cut strands
HIGH VOLTAGE LINES” posted at the Burns or chemical damage
operator’s controls?
Excessive dryness or rot
Is a fire extinguisher located in the crane
within reach of the operator? Other signs of damage or abuse
Splices not in accordance with
Slings manufacturer’s recommendations
Are wire rope slings taken out of service when Are synthetic web slings removed from service
any of the following conditions exist: when any of the following conditions exist:
Ten randomly distributed broken wires No sling identification showing type
in one line lay of material, rated capacities, and
manufacturer
Five broken wires in one strand of one
line lay Thickness and length of the webbing
isn’t uniform
Kinks and doglegs
Excessive wear, torn edges, or end-
Signs of excessive wear, corrosion, or defect
fitting damage
Excessive wire breakage in the eye of
Snags, punctures, tears, or cuts
the splice
Broken or worn stitches
Knots within the wire rope sling
Distorted or worn fittings
Ten percent broken wires in any eight
diameters Acid and/or caustic burns
 Melting or charring of any part of the Work practices, 29 CFR 1926.550(g)(6)(i)-
sling surface (viii), Div. 3/N
Are hooks taken out of service when any of the Traveling, 29 CFR 1926.550(g)(7), Div. 3/N
following conditions exist:
Pre-lift meeting, 29 CFR 1926.550(g)(8)(i)-(ii),
Bent or sprung Div. 3/N
Point loading or overstress and bends
Framing of Residential-type Structures
Hook is not moused to prevent loads
from jumping out under sudden release
of tension
Boom angle indicator isn’t operable
Boom hoist kickout isn’t operable Means of fall protection required
Are employees without fall protection prohib-
Positive stops aren’t provided for the ited from using exterior top plates at 10 feet or
boom and jib higher for layout, positioning, and nailing of
Load rating chart isn’t in the cab of rafters or manufactured trusses; snapping
the crane lines across rafter tails for plumb cuts; perim-
eter blocking; and fascia applications?
Cranes and Personnel Platforms Options:
Note: The use of a crane or derrick to hoist • Lifeline with safety harness and lanyard
employees on a personnel platform is prohibited, • Ladder jacks with planks
except when the erection, use, and dismantling
• Pump jacks with planks
by conventional means of reaching the worksite
— personnel hoists, ladder, stairway, aerial lift, • Catwalks built to the interior stud walls
elevating work platform or scaffold — would be (not to exceed six feet unless standard
more hazardous or isn’t possible because of guardrails are installed at the back and
structural design or worksite conditions. ends of the work platform)
Have you addressed the following requirements: Layout/nailing of floor, roof, and rim joist
Cranes and operational criteria, 29 CFR Are employees without fall protection pro-
hibited from using the top plate area at 10
feet or higher for layout, placement, and
Instruments and components, 29 CFR
nailing of floor, roof, and rim joist?
Options:
Personnel platforms and design criteria, 29
• Catwalks built to the interior stud walls
(not to exceed six feet unless standard
Personnel platforms and design criteria, 29
guardrails are installed at the back and
ends of the work platform)
Personnel platform loading, 29 CF • Ladder jacks with planks

Rigging, 29 CFR 1926.550(g)(4)(iv)(A)-(E), Layout, Nailing, Tilting and Bracing of Walls

Do you prohibit employees not associated
Trial lift, inspection, and proof testing, 29 with the layout, tilting, and fastening of
CFR 1926.550(g)(5)(i)-(vi), Div. 3/N stud walls from working the edge of a floor
10 feet or more above a lower level without
fall protection?
 Options: Open-sided floors, platforms and stairway
• Crew members building, tilting, and landings at six feet
bracing walls are allowed a floor (not to Note: If an 18” x 30” opening is within 39 inches
exceed 10 feet) while they work the leading of the floor, it must be guarded. The standard
edge. Employees doing other tasks must stud wall layout of 30 inches high or higher and
use fall protection (e.g., safety belts or 16 inches on centers only creates a 14.5-inch
harnesses, lanyards, static lines, and guard- opening that doesn’t need guardrails, according
rails) at edges above 10 feet. to 29 CFR 1926.501(b)(14).
• Use wall jacks to prevent sprains and Are standard guardrails are provided at 42
strains when tilting walls. inches, and midrails at 21 inches, as required
by 29 CFR 1926.502(b)(1)?
Post and beaming
Are wall openings guarded where there is a
Do you prohibit crew members without fall
drop of more than 6 feet?
protection from walking the top cord of post
and beam applications more than 10 feet Do windowsills less than 39 inches above the
above a lower level? floor have guardrails at 42 inches?
Options: Are runways six feet or more above ground
level that are used for access and egress
• Incorporate a positive means of fall protec-
guarded by standard guardrails or — if
tion (e.g., harness, lanyard, static lines, and
used for special purposes — have railings
catch platforms, etc.).
installed along one side of the runway when
• Use extension ladders if fall protection is conditions require?
not feasible.
Stairways
Steep-pitched roofing
Do stairways having four or more risers or
Do you require fall protection for your
rising more than 30 inches have at least one
roofing applications when the eave-to-
handrail and stair rail system along each
ground height exceeds 10 feet?
unprotected side or edge?
Options:
Are stair rails installed after March 15, 1991,
• On roofs with a pitch from 3:12 to 6:12, at least 36 inches from the top to the tread?
and a ground-to-eave height greater than
Are stair rails installed before March 15, 1991,
10 feet and not exceeding 25 feet, the
at least 30 inches — but not more than 34
following method for all fall protection is
inches — from the top rail to the tread?
acceptable: roofing brackets set on a solid
surface and designed to support a 2” x 6” Are handrails at least 30-37 inches high, from
upright member. the forward edge of the tread?
• On sloped roofs with pitches greater than
6:12 through 8:22 and a ground-to-eave Guarding of floor openings or holes
height greater than 10 feet, but not exceed- Note: Floor holes are gaps or voids two inches
ing 25 feet, the following method of fall in their least dimension.
protection is acceptable: multiple roofing
Are openings covered with plywood to
brackets set at least every 8 feet vertically.
withstand twice the weight of any equip-
• On sloped roofs with pitches greater than ment, employee, or other weights that may
8:12 or the eave-to-ground height exceeds be placed on them, or do they have standard
25 feet, roofing brackets are not acceptable. guardrails around them?
 Has crew covered or guarded fireplace open- All material handling, storage, and access
ings in the floor, HVAC openings, crawlspace areas are outlined with warning lines.
openings, and all other openings or holes, as
Guardrails are provided material han-
required by 29 CFR 1926.501(b)(4)?
dling, bitumen pipe, and hoisting areas
at roof edges.
Roofing Work
Material isn’t stored within six feet of the
During roofing operations, is fall protection roof edge unless guardrails are provided
used when eave-to-ground roof height at the edge.
exceeds six feet?
Roof openings are covered by material
Select the fall-protection method you’re using capable of withstanding at least two times
from the three that follow, and run through the maximum potential load from em-
its checklist: ployees, equipment, or other sources.

Personal fall-arrest systems Roof opening covers are secured against

displacement and provided with a cau-
Lanyards, guardrails, catch platforms,
tion sign.
body harnesses, or other alternative fall
protection are provided to protect em-
ployees working more than 10 feet above Safety-monitor systems
a lower level. The roof is less than 50 feet wide.
Personal fall-arrest systems (if used) are No mechanical equipment is used or
installed in a manner that prevents stored.
employees from falling off the edge of Employees are visible to the monitor.
the roof.
The monitor isn’t performing other tasks
Warning-line systems that prevent him or her from performing
safety-monitor duties.
Warning-line systems are erected around
the entire roof. The monitor is well-trained in all prac
tices, safety requirements, and hazards.
Warning line is set a minimum of six feet
from the edge of the roof. The safety monitor is on the same roof
level and in the same area as the workers.
If mechanical equipment is used, a warn-
ing line is erected at least six feet from the The monitor has authority to stop the work.
edge perpendicular to the direction of
equipment operation. Safe Work Distances
Warning-line system consists of rope, Is a safe work distance designated to elimi-
wire, or chain with a tensile strength of nate the potential for a fall or stumble over
500 pounds. an unprotected edge?
Erected stanchions can withstand a force Is a warning or barrier line used to designate
of 16 pounds without tipping over. the safe work area?
Warning line attaches to the stanchions in If your work surface has a pitch of 1:12 or
a manner that doesn’t allow slack to be less, have you established a safe work dis-
pulled from other sections. tance of at least six feet from the fall hazard?
Warning line is flagged six feet on centers. This may need to be increased depending on
the hazards.
Height of the warning line is between 34
inches and 39 inches from the roof.
 Are interior openings such as skylights or If monitoring levels are below the established
floor holes covered or guarded? limits, is additional monitoring done each
time the process changes in a manner that
Note: A safe work distance cannot be used
could affect exposure levels?
for steel erection.
Has a regulated area been established if the
Control of Health Hazards exposure limits are exceeded or if you could
reasonably expect that the allowed exposure
Silica exposure limits will be exceeded?
Have you identified potential exposure to
silica-containing dust caused by sand- Regulated areas
blasting, grinding or cutting of concrete, Is the regulated area separated in a manner
tunneling, or similar operations? that minimizes the number of people in
the area?
If the presence of silica-containing dust
has been identified, has testing been done Is access to the regulated zone limited to
to identify exposure levels? authorized persons?

Are you using product substitution or Are all those in the regulated area wearing
engineering controls such as wet methods proper personal protective clothing and
and ventilation to eliminate exposure respirators?
potentials? Have the following been completed by the
Note: Personal protective equipment is a competent person before work begins:
last resort for protecting worker health Enclosure set up and its integrity ensured
and safety. All feasible engineering
controls and work practices must be used Enclosure entry and exit controlled
before you rely on personal protective Employee monitoring supervised
equipment to reduce employee exposure.
Employees are wearing protective
Asbestos clothing and respirators
Prior to starting work, have you made Only trained employees are in the
reasonable efforts to determine if materi- enclosure
als to be worked on or removed contain
asbestos?
If asbestos is present, have you done initial moni-
toring to ensure that exposure limits are as follows:
Below a time-weighted average of 0.2
fibers per cubic centimeter (f/cc) aver-
aged over an 8-hour period
Below an excursion limit of 1.0 f/cc
averaged over a 30-minute time period
Below the action level of 0.1 f/cc aver-
aged over an 8-hour period
If the action level has been reached, are the
requirements for employee training and
medical surveillance being followed?
Definitions of Terms
Used in This Checklist
Anchorage Deceleration device
A secure point of attachment for lifelines, lanyards, Any mechanism (such as a rope grab, rip-stitch
or deceleration devices. lanyard, specially woven lanyard, tearing or
deforming lanyard, automatic self-retracting
Body belt (safety belt)
lifeline or lanyard, etc.) that serves to dissipate a
A strap that can be secured about the waist and
substantial amount of energy during a fall arrest
attached to a lanyard, lifeline, or deceleration
or otherwise limit the energy imposed on an
device.
employee during fall arrest.
Body harness
Deceleration distance
Straps that may be secured about the employee in a
The additional vertical distance a falling employee
manner that will distribute fall-arrest forces over
travels, excluding lifeline elongation and free-fall
the thighs, pelvis, waist, chest, and shoulders with
distance, before stopping, from the point at which
means for attaching it to other components of a
the deceleration device begins to operate. It’s the
personal fall-arrest system.
distance between the body belt- or body harness-
Buckle attachment point at the moment of activation of the
Any device for holding the body belt or body deceleration device (at the onset of fall-arrest
harness closed around the employee’s body. forces) and that attachment point after the em-
Competent person ployee comes to a full stop.
A person capable of identifying existing and Equivalent
predictable hazards in the surroundings or work- Alternative designs, materials, or methods of
ing conditions who has authorization to take hazard protection the employer can demonstrate
prompt corrective measures to eliminate them will provide an equal or greater degree of safety
to prevent harm to employees or others. than the methods, materials, or designs specified in
Connector the standard for the protection of employees.
A device used to connect parts of the personal Failure
fall-arrest system and positioning-device systems. Load refusal, breakage, or separation of component
It may be an independent component of the parts. Load refusal is the point where the ultimate
system, such as a carabiner, or it may be an strength is exceeded.
integral component of the system, such as a
Free fall
buckle or D-ring sewn into a body belt or body
The portion of a fall before a personal fall-arrest
harness, or a snap hook spliced or sewn to a
system begins to apply force to arrest the fall.
lanyard or self-retracting lanyard.
Controlled-access zone (CAZ) Free-fall distance
The vertical displacement of the attachment point
An area of limited access at a job site, in which
of the employee’s body belt or body harness
certain work (e.g., overhand bricklaying) is permit-
between onset of a fall and just before the system
ted without guardrail systems, personal fall-arrest
begins to apply force to arrest the fall. This distance
systems, or safety-net systems.
excludes deceleration distance and lifeline or
Dangerous equipment lanyard elongation, but includes deceleration-
Equipment (such as pickling or galvanizing tanks, device slide distances or self-retracting lifeline or
degreasing units, machinery, electrical equipment, lanyard extensions before fall-arrest forces occur.
and other units) which, as a result of form or
function, may be hazardous to employees who fall
onto or into such equipment.
Guardrail system Opening
A barrier erected to prevent employees from A gap or void 30 inches (76 cm) or more high and 18
falling to lower levels. inches (48 cm) or more wide in a wall or partition
through which employees can fall to a lower level.
Hole
A gap or void of at least two inches (5.1 cm) in a Overhand bricklaying and related work
floor, roof, or other walking or working surface. The process of laying bricks and masonry units
such that the surface of the wall to be jointed is
Infeasible
on the opposite side of the wall from the mason,
Conventional fall-protection methods that make it
requiring the mason to lean over the wall to
impossible to perform construction work or that
complete the work. Related work includes electri-
are technologically impossible to use in a particular
cal installation incorporated into the brick wall
situation.
during the overhand bricklaying process and
Lanyard mason tending.
A flexible rope or strap that generally has a connec-
Personal fall-arrest system
tor at each end for connecting the body belt or
A system that arrests an employee in a fall from a
body harness to a deceleration device, lifeline, or
working level. It consists of an anchorage, connec-
anchorage.
tors, a body belt or body harness, and may include
Leading edge a lanyard, deceleration device, lifeline, or suitable
The edge of a floor, roof, or formwork for a floor or combinations of these. As of January 1, 1998, the
other walking or working surface that changes use of a body belt for fall arrest is prohibited.
location as additional sections of floor, roof, deck-
Positioning-device system
ing, or formwork are placed, formed, or constructed.
A body belt or body harness system rigged to
A leading edge is considered to be an “unprotected
allow an employee to be supported on an elevated
side and edge” during periods when it’s not actively
vertical surface, such as a wall, and work with
and continuously under construction.
both hands free while leaning.
Lifeline
Qualified person
A component consisting of a flexible line for connec-
A person who, by possession of a recognized
tion to an anchorage at one end (vertical lifeline) or
degree, certificate, or professional standing or who,
for connection to anchorages at both ends (horizon-
by extensive knowledge, training, and experience,
tal lifeline) that serves as a means for connecting
has successfully demonstrated his or her ability to
other components of a personal fall-arrest system to
solve or resolve problems relating to the subject
the anchorage.
matter, the work, or the project. 29 CFR 1926.32.
Low-slope roof
Rope grab
A roof having a slope less than or equal to 4:12
A deceleration device that travels on a lifeline and
(vertical to horizontal).
automatically, by friction, engages the lifeline and
Lower levels locks to arrest the fall of an employee. A rope grab
Those areas or surfaces to which an employee can usually employs the principle of inertial locking,
fall. Such areas or surfaces include ground levels, cam-level locking, or both.
floors, platforms, ramps, runways, excavations,
Roof
pits, tanks, material, water, equipment, structures,
The exterior surface on the top of a building, not
or portions thereof.
including floors or formwork that temporarily
Mechanical equipment become the top surface of a building because a
All motor- or human-propelled wheeled equip- building is not completed.
ment used for roofing work, except wheelbarrows
and mop carts.
Roofing work Walking/working surface
The hoisting, storage, application, and removal of Any horizontal or vertical surface, on which an
roofing materials and equipment, including related employee walks or works. Includes floors, roofs,
insulation, sheet metal, and vapor barrier work, ramps, bridges, runways, formwork and concrete
but not including the construction of the roof deck. reinforcing steel, but does not include ladders,
vehicles, or trailers from which employees perform
Safety-monitoring system
job duties.
A safety system in which a competent person is
responsible for recognizing and warning employ- Warning-line system
ees of fall hazards. A barrier erected on a roof to warn employees that
they are approaching an unprotected roof side or
Self-retracting lifeline/lanyard
edge. Designates an area in which roofing work
A deceleration device consisting of a drum-wound
may take place without the use of guardrail, body
line that allows employees normal movement by
belt, or safety-net systems.
winding onto or releasing from the drum under
slight tension, and which, during a fall, locks Work area
automatically to arrest the fall. That portion of a walking or working surface in
which job duties are being performed.
Snap hook
A hook-shaped connector with a closed keeper
that opens to permit the hook to receive an object,
then automatically closes to retain the object.
There are two common types of snap hooks:
• Locking snap hooks — have self-closing,
self-locking keepers that remain closed
and locked until unlocked and pressed
open for connection or disconnection
• Non-locking snap hooks — have self-
closing keepers that remain closed until
pressed open for connection or discon-
nection. As of January 1, 1998, using non-
locking snap hooks in personal fall-arrest
systems and positioning-device systems
is prohibited.
Steep roof
A roof having a slope greater than 4 in 12 (vertical
to horizontal).
Toeboard
A low barrier that prevents materials and equip-
ment falling to lower levels.
Unprotected sides and edges
Any side or edge (except at entrances to points of
access) of a walking or working surface, e.g., floor,
roof, ramp, or runway where there is no wall or
guardrail system at least 39 inches (1.0 m) high.