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Mouth, Esophagus, Stomach, Small Intestine, Large Intestine, Rectum, Anus

The human digestive system consists of the mouth, esophagus, stomach, small and large intestines, rectum, and anus. It also includes accessory organs like the tongue, salivary glands, pancreas, liver, and gallbladder. Digestion breaks down food into smaller components for absorption. It involves three stages: the cephalic stage in the mouth, the gastric stage in the stomach, and the intestinal stage in the small intestine. Nutrients are absorbed and waste is eliminated, allowing the body to get nutrients for growth and health.

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Fia Ramadhania Zahro
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86 views

Mouth, Esophagus, Stomach, Small Intestine, Large Intestine, Rectum, Anus

The human digestive system consists of the mouth, esophagus, stomach, small and large intestines, rectum, and anus. It also includes accessory organs like the tongue, salivary glands, pancreas, liver, and gallbladder. Digestion breaks down food into smaller components for absorption. It involves three stages: the cephalic stage in the mouth, the gastric stage in the stomach, and the intestinal stage in the small intestine. Nutrients are absorbed and waste is eliminated, allowing the body to get nutrients for growth and health.

Uploaded by

Fia Ramadhania Zahro
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Name : Fia Ramadhania Zahro

Class : XI Science 7
Attendee’s number : 22

Human Digestive System


The human digestive system consists of the gastrointestinal tract that include the main
organs such as mouth, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine, rectum, anus
and the accessory organs of digestion, such as the tongue, salivary glands, pancreas, liver,
and gallbladder. Digestion involves the breakdown of food into smaller components, until
they can be absorbed and assimilated into the body. The process of digestion has three
stages : the cephalic phase, the gastric phase, and the intestinal phase.
The first stage, the cephalic phase of digestion, begins with gastric secretions in response to
the sight and smell of food. This stage includes the mechanical breakdown of food
by chewing, and the chemical breakdown by digestive enzymes called amylase and lingual
lipase that is contained in saliva, secreted by the salivary glands that takes place in
the mouth.
The second stage of digestion then begins in the stomach with the gastric phase of
digestion. Here the food is further broken down by mixing with gastric acid named chyme
and it passes into the duodenum, the first part of the small intestine.
The third stage places in the duodenum with the intestinal phase of digestion, where
partially digested food is mixed with a number of enzymes produced by the pancreas. This
initially results in the production of chyme which when fully broken down in the small
intestine is absorbed as chyle into the lymphatic system. Water and some minerals are
reabsorbed back into the blood in the colon of the large intestine. The waste products of
digestion (feces) are defecated from the anus via the rectum.
In conclusion, the body needs to both take nutrients from the food and also get rid of the
parts of the food it does not. The digestive system takes an important role for those actions,
without it, we couldn’t get nutrients we need to grow properly and stay healthy.
Questions
1. What is the text about?
A. The digestive system
B. The digestive juice
C. The method of the digestive system
D. The process of intestine work
E. The food substances
Answer : A. The digestive system.
2. How can we swallow the food easily?
A. The food changes into acids absorbed by the villi.
B. The food must be digested first at the mouth.
C. The food is directly swallowed through esophagus into the stomach.
D. The food is mixed with the juices secreted by the cells in the stomach.
E. The food we take must be changed into substances carried in the blood
Answer : B. The food must be digested first at the mouth.
3. From the text above, we imply that ….
A. a good process of digestive system will help our body becoming healthier.
B. no one concerned with the process of digestive system for their health.
C. the digestive system is needed if we are eating the food instantly.
D. every body must conduct the processes of digestive system well.
E. the better we digest the food we eat, the healthier we will be.
Answer : A. a good process of digestive system will help our body becoming healthier.

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