TEST ITEMS IN FOUNDATIONS OF EDUCATION (270 items)

Directions. Read each questions carefully. Then, encircle the letter of the best answer.

1. Who perpetuated the idea that reason is superior to experience as a source of knowledge, thus,
schools must develop human reason?
A. Rationalists
B. Humanists
C. Hedonists
D. Stoics

2. We encounter people whose prayer goes like this: “O God, if there is a God; save my soul, if I have
soul.” From whom is this prayer?
A. Stoic
B. Skeptic
C. Agnostic
D. Empiricist

3. The attention of the development of a deep respect and affection for our rich cultural past is an
influence of _______________.
A. Hegel
B. Dewey
C. Confucius
D. Locke

4. The commonly-used question and answer method that includes debates and discussion is in
consonance with the method of
A. Plato
B. Socrates
C. Aristotle
D. Confucius

5. From whom did we get the taxonomical practice of arranging all species in their natural order in
accordance with their complexities of form, the main levels being the inanimate, the vegetative, the
animal, and the rational?
A. Pythagoras
B. Plato
C. Watson
D. Aristotle

6. Whose influence is the education program that puts emphasis on self-development through the
classics, musics, and rituals?
A. Mohammed
B. Confucius
C. Lao Tzu
D. Buddha

7. Mencius believed that all people were born good. This thought on the innate goodness of people
makes it easier for us to __________ our pupils.
A. like
B. motivate
C. teach
D. respect

8. Whose teaching is in support of “Education for All” (EFA); he assured that in teaching, there should be
no distinction of social classes.
A. Lao Tzu
B. Mencius
C. Confucius
D. Sun Yat Sen

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 TEST ITEMS IN FOUNDATIONS OF EDUCATION (270 items)

9. From whose teaching is the study and passing on of tradition emphasized?

A. Lao Tsu’s
B. Buddha’s
C. Mohammed’s
D. Confucius’s

10. If given the power, you ought to govern your subjects with moral power. From whom is this advice?
A. Lao-Tsu
B. Mao-tse-tsung
C. Mencius
D. Kung-fu-tzu

11. “What you do not want to do to yourself, do not do to others.” From whom does this advice come
from?
A. Christian and Confucianist
B. Muslim and Christian
C. Hindu and Christian
D. Christian and Buddhist

12. “What you sow, you reap. If you want to reap good things, be good in this life.” From whom does this
advice come from?
A. Shinto
B. Hindu
C. Taoist
D. Greek

13. The cultivation of reflective and meditative skills in teaching is an influence of __________.
A. Taoism
B. Shintoism
C. Confucianism
D. Zen Buddhism

14. During the Spanish period, what was/were the medium/media of instruction in schools?
A. Spanish and the Vernacular
B. The Vernacular
C. Spanish
D. English

15. Both Muslims and Christians value marriage but the Muslim practices polygamous marriage while
the Christian practices monogamous marriage. What is it called?
A. Acculturation
B. Enculturation
C. Ethical relativism
D. Cultural relativism

16. A teacher should take the obligation upon himself to study the customs and traditions of the
community where she works in order to _______________.
A. change the culture of the community
B. please the people in the community
C. identify the weaknesses of the culture of the community
D. have a sympathetic attribute for the people in the community

17. The Second World War has caused too much destruction to life and property and the Allied Forces
consisting of the United States, Great Britain, and France wanted to end it, but Japan adamantly
refused. To force Japan’s surrender, the Allied Forces dropped the first atomic bomb on Hiroshima
and Nagasaki on August 9, 1945. Which basic principle of morality applies to this case?
A. Always do what is right.
B. Principle of double effect.
C. The end does not justify the means.
D. Between the two evils, do lesser evil.

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 TEST ITEMS IN FOUNDATIONS OF EDUCATION (270 items)

18. There are many instances in the classroom that point to cultural alienation. In what way does cultural
alienation fail to contribute to nation-building?
A. The Filipino has no sense of pride.
B. The Filipino closes himself to foreign influence.
C. The Filipino operates on a Filipino model of development.
D. The Filipino will look at his culture as something superior to others.

19. The law of karma, what you sow, you reap, are words often said when Filipino attempt to explain a
misfortune perceived to be rightly deserved by someone. This originated from the
A. Hindus
B. Greeks
C. Hebrews
D. Chinese

20. What concept of education makes every individual a useful citizen to the state?
A. Humanitarianism
B. Utilitarianism
C. Conformity
D. Security

21. The area of philosophy which deals on the nature of knowledge and the best method of teaching is
A. Ethics
B. Aesthetics
C. Metaphysics
D. Epistemology

22. He introduced the kindergarten or “child’s garden” to the educational system.

A. Johann Herbart
B. Friedrich Froebel
C. Maria Montessori
D. Edward Paparazzii

23. Teacher Ophel subscribes to the mental discipline approach. Which is she convinced of?
A. The moral difficult the subject, the more the student exercises his mind, the greater the value of
the subject.
B. The less the student engages himself in the mental exercise, the better for the student.
C. The easier the subject, the greater the value of the student.
D. The more the bodily exercises, the better for the student.

24. To the rationalist, which is the highest faculty of man?

A. Will
B. Senses
C. Reason
D. Emotion

25. The most popular among pragmatist is

A. Jean Piaget
B. John Dewey
C. William James
D. Amos Comenius

26. As a naturalist, Jacques Rousseau claimed that everyone is essentially good. This view can help the
teacher best when __________.
A. dealing with misbehaving students
B. helping the fast learners in class
C. teaching the students some values
D. knowing the student’s potentials

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 TEST ITEMS IN FOUNDATIONS OF EDUCATION (270 items)

27. Teacher U teaches to his pupils that pleasure is not the highest good. Teacher’s teaching is against
what philosophy?
A. Empiricism
B. Epicureanism
C. Hedonism
D. Realism

28. Principal A tells his teachers to employ more cooperative learning to help students develop social
virtues like cooperation. Which philosophy governs Principal A’s thinking?
A. Essentialism
B. Perennialism
C. Existentialism
D. Progressivism

29. Teacher A is convinced that she should teach her students to appreciate themselves for who they
are and to accept the responsibility for their thoughts, feelings, and actions. Which philosophy
governs Teacher A’s thought?
A. Existentialism
B. Realism
C. Perennialism
D. Naturalism

30. You regard the classroom as a small democracy where you help your children live the democratic
way of life. To which educational philosophy do you adhere?
A. Reconstructionism
B. Progressivism
C. Existentialism
D. Realism

31. Teacher tells these to a sick pupil: “You are really sick. Your sickness is not in the mind. Take
medicine, go home, and rest.” Teacher has the outlook of a/an __________.
A. Idealist
B. Realist
C. Hedonist
D. Utilitarianist

32. The emphasis on the scientific method is backed up by which philosophy?

A. Idealism
B. Empiricism
C. Utilitarianism
D. Perennialism

33. On which philosophy is the inclusion of the study or Rizal and the other national heroes in the school
curriculum based?
A. Existentialism
B. Pragmatism
C. Idealism
D. Realism

34. The significance of liberal education in the holistic development of students is supported by
A. Pragmatism
B. Perennialism
C. Confucian teaching
D. perennialism and Confucian teaching

35. The practice of non-graded instruction stems from __________.

A. Reconstructionism
B. Existentialism
C. Essentialism
D. Progressivism

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 TEST ITEMS IN FOUNDATIONS OF EDUCATION (270 items)

36. The student-centered curriculum belongs to which group of educators?

A. Reconstructionists, perennialists
B. Progressivists, reconstructionists
C. Progressivists, essentialists
D. Perennialists, essentialists

37. From which educational philosophy does Back to Basics movement spring?
A. Essentialism
B. Perennialism
C. Progressivism
D. Existentialism

38. Teacher X says: “Perfection must be real. While we cannot attain it here on earth, we aspire for it. It
must be real. Teacher X leans towards which philosophy?
A. Idealism
B. Realism
C. Philosophical analysis
D. Pragmatism

39. Principal B tells her teacher that training in the humanities is most important. To which educational
philosophy does he adhere?
A. Existentialism
B. Perennialism
C. Essentialism
D. Progressivism

40. Student B claims: “I cannot see perfection but I long to see it. So it must be real.” Under which group
can he be classified?
A. Idealist
B. Realist
C. Empiricist
D. Pragmatist

41. Which groups of philosophers have opposite views?

A. Rationalists and Existentialists
B. Rationalists and Idealists
C. Rationalists and Naturalists
D. Rationalists and Empiricists

42. After being humiliated by his teacher, student B evaluates the teacher very poorly despite teacher’s
excellent performance. Which trait is illustrated by the student B’s behaivor?
A. Rationalism
B. Personalism
C. Impersonalism
D. Particularism

43. Which of the following prepositions is attributed to Plato?

A. Human beings create their own truths.
B. Truth is relative to a particular time and place.
C. Sense perception is the most accurate guide to knowledge.
D. Learning is the discovery of truth as latent ideas and brought to consciousness.

44. Matthew Arnold’s ideal person was “the person whose powers were all in balance.” The following
enumerate which have to be developed for a person to become Arnold’s ideal person, EXCEPT:
A. brain, mind, reason
B. head, heart, hands, health
C. knowledge, skills, attitudes
D. cognitive, psychomotor, affective powers

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 TEST ITEMS IN FOUNDATIONS OF EDUCATION (270 items)

45. Teacher L is a typical idealist teacher. Which belief about knowledge is he likely to advocate?
A. Knowledge through reasoning
B. Knowledge through trial and error
C. Knowledge through hypothesis testing
D. Knowledge from direct, concrete experience

46. In a study conducted, the pupils were asked which nationality they preferred if given a choice.
Majority of the pupils wanted to be Americans. In this case, in which obligation relative to the state
are schools seemed to be falling? In the obligation to
A. promote obedience to the laws of the state.
B. respect for all duly constituted authorities.
C. instill allegiance to the Constitution.
D. promote national pride.

47. Which statement on responsibility is CORRECT?

A. A person’s degree of responsibility is fixed at birth.
B. A person’s sense of responsibility cannot be developed.
C. A person’s sense of responsibility decreases as he grows.
D. A person’s sense of responsibility increases as he grows in age.

48. As a teacher, you are a rationalist. Which among these will be your guiding principle?
A. I must teach the child every knowledge, skill, and value that he needs for a better future.
B. I must teach the child that we can never have real knowledge of anything.
C. I must teach the child to develop his mental powers in full.
D.I must teach the child so he is assured of heaven.

49. Which does Noam Chomsky assert about language learning for children?
I. Young children apply grammatical rules and vocabulary as they are exposed to them.
II. Begin formal teaching of grammatical rules to children as early as possible.
III. Do not require initial formal language teaching for children.
A. I and III
B. II only
C. I only
D. I and II

50. With which will the existentialist agree? The school is a place where individuals _________.
A. can reflect on ideas
B. listen and accept what teachers teach
C. can observe by using their senses to the maximum
D. can meet to pursue dialogue and discussion about their own lives and choices

51. Referring on the characteristic of a progressivism curriculum, which does NOT belong to the group?
A. Flexible
B. Relevant
C. Child-centered
D. Subject-centered

52. What recent education development relates with perennialism?

A. Exercising the student’s higher order thinking skills (HOTS).
B. Suiting the strategies to the students’ learning styles.
C. Individualizing the learning experience and activities.
D. Having drill and routes activities that develop learning habits.

53. Which does the empiricist emphasize?

A. Knowledge arises from the mind
B. Experience is the only source of knowledge
C. Information is interpreted by the mind
D. Knowledge is derived from reason without the aid of the senses.

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 TEST ITEMS IN FOUNDATIONS OF EDUCATION (270 items)

54. Which of the following best describes the role of a teacher from a perennialist perspective?
A. To tell, interpret, or analyze complete information to the students.
B. To assist the learners clarify his/her value priorities through self-analysis.
C. To expose the learner to up-to-date information about Science and Math.
D. To reveal the wisdom of the Ages such as those contained in the Bible / Koran.

55. Which is the weakness of the Montessori approach?

A. Fosters independence
B. Emphasizes verbal interaction
C. Neglects children’s social interaction
D. Fosters development of cognitive skills

56. According to the existentialist, every person is in the same predicament and has the same
possibilities, what does this imply?
A. Every person must go through the same form of education
B. Every person must have access to education
C. Every person must choose to go to college
D. Every person must go to college

57. Which, according to Jocano, is a strength of the Filipino people?

A. Sense of commitment to nationalistic ideals
B. Sense of historical or national identity
C. Sense of national pride
D. Sense of humor

58. Which can be innovative solution to the problem of high rate absenteeism in rural areas where most
pupils absent from class during planting season?
A. Observance of seasonal calendar
B. Keeping a record of absences for information
C. Giving lecture to parents on the importance of schooling.
D. Refusing admission of pupils who have been absent for long time.

59. Teacher Flor and Teacher Bea are rivals for promotion. To gain the favor of the promotional staff,
Teacher Bea offered her beach resort for free for the members of the promotional staff before the
ranking. As one of the contenders for promotion, is this becoming of her to do?
A. Yes, the rare invitation will certainly welcomed by an overworked promotional staff.
B. Yes, this will be professional growth for the professorial staff.
C. Yes, there’s nothing wrong with sharing one’s blessings.
D. No, this may exert undue influence on the members of the promotional staff and so many fail
to promote someone on the basis of merit

60. If you have to vote for the sake of the nation, who will you vote?
A. a candidate who helped you concretely by giving cash
B. a candidate who has the making of a public servant
C. a neighbor who is closest to you in times of need
D. a Ninong from whom you owe your father’s job

61. In the preamble of the Code of Ethics of Professional Teachers, which is NOT mentioned about
teachers?
A. With high moral values as well as technical and professional competence
B. Possess dignity and reputation
C. Duly licensed professional
D. LET passers

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 TEST ITEMS IN FOUNDATIONS OF EDUCATION (270 items)

62. A teacher discovers that a product of a certain bottling company brings about damage to teeth. Much
as he wants to share the products of his research, he could not because of harassment from all sides.
Which teacher’s right is violated?
A. Right to make a livelihood
B. Right to one’s honor
C. Academic freedom
D. Right to property

63. Which is unethical for teacher’s to do?

A. Maintaining cordial relationship with parents
B. Obeying the legitimate policies of the school administration
C. Conferring with the next of kin about the problems and needs of students
D. Refusing to serve in worthwhile neighborhood activities as these will adversely affect teaching

64. Which is an example of perfect duty?

A. Supporting a poor but deserving student to school
B. Paying the worker the wages agreed upon
C. Donating an amount for a noble project
D. Giving alms to the needy

65. What kind of social environment prevails in your class if you, as the teacher, are the primary provider
of information, opinions, and instructions?
A. In between democratic and Laissez faire
B. Laissez faire
C. Authoritarian
D. Democratic

66. The authoritarian setting in the Filipino home is reinforced by a classroom teacher who _____.
A. encourages pupils to ask questions
B. prescribes what pupils should do
C. asks open-ended questions
D. is open to suggestions

67. As a teacher you are skeptic. Which among these will be your guiding principle?
A. I must teach the child to develop his mental powers in full.
B. I must teach the child every knowledge, skill, and value that he needs for a better future.
C. I must teach the child that we can never have real knowledge of everything.
D. I must teach the child so he is assured of heaven.

68. A teacher’s quarrel with a parent makes her develop a feeling of prejudice against the parent’s child.
The teacher’s unfavorable treatment of the child is an influence of what Filipino trait?
A. Lack of self-reflection
B. Extreme family-centeredness
C. “Sakop”-mentality
D. Extreme personalism

69. Teacher Badette feels offended by her supervisor’s unfavourable comments after classroom
supervision. She concludes that her supervisor does not like her. Which Filipino trait is demonstrated
by Teacher Badette?
A. Extreme family-centeredness
B. Extreme personalism
C. “Kanya-kanya” syndrome
D. Superficial Religiosity

70. A teacher CANNOT unduly trample upon or suppress a student’s right without moral guilt because
rights are __________.
A. Perfect
B. Inalienable
C. Inviolable
D. Adventitious

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 TEST ITEMS IN FOUNDATIONS OF EDUCATION (270 items)

71. When a delinquent, failing student comes to you for help and asks you for extra work so he can cope,
what is ethical for you to do?
A. Give him extra work he is asking, and then if he passes quality work, give him a passing mark.
B. Make the extra work that he is asking extremely difficult for him to learn a lesson.
C. Extend the needed assistance in solving student’s difficulties, not necessarily by giving the
extra work that he is asking.
D. Give an easy extra work so he can really be helped to pass.

72. A teacher discovers that a product of a certain bottling company brings about damage to teeth. Much
as he wants to share the products of his research, he could not because of harassment from all sides.
Which teacher’s right is violated?
A. Right to make a livelihood
B. Right to one’s honor
C. Academic freedom
D. Right to property

73. Teacher A, a young high school teacher, senses that the oldest student in class, Student Z, is
attracted to her. The attraction is becoming mutual, is there anything unethical?
I. None, unless Teacher A gives preferential treatment to Student Z.
II. None, there is nothing wrong with being attracted to someone. It is what we do with it that
makes it ethical or unethical.
III. There is. The attraction is the beginning of unethical action.
A. III
B. I and III
C. II and III
D. I and II

74. Teacher A put together the output of her colleagues in one workshop and published it with her name
as author. Which is unprofessional about Teacher A’s behavior?
A. Giving due credit to others for their work.
B. Not giving due credit to others for their work.
C. Failing to correct what appears to be unprofessional conduct.
D. Holding inviolate all confidential information concerning associates.

75. In what way can teachers uphold the highest possible standards of the teaching profession?
A. By working for promotions in the system.
B. By continuously improving themselves personally and professionally.
C. By pointing out the advantages of joining the teaching profession.
D. By good grooming to change people’s poor perception of teachers.

76. Teacher E’s sideline is selling “Encyclopaedia for Children” on weekends. Her usual clientele are the
parents from the parents of pupils who are on the verge of failing or those vying for the Top Ten. In
fact, she always succeeded in selling encyclopaedia to these parents. Is there unethical with the way
Teacher E does her sideline?
A. Yes, there is. She may become less objective in her evaluation of the work of these pupils
concerned.
B. Teachers are supposed to promote reading. No, there isn’t. A teacher’s salary is meager and
selling books is respectable way of augmenting Teacher E’s income.
C. No, there isn’t. Books and teachers mix.
D. Set aside the study of local history.

77. Each teacher is said to be trustee of the cultural and educational heritage of the nation and is obliged
to transmit to learners such heritage. Which practice helps fulfil such obligation?
A. Observe continuing professional education to be the best Filipino teacher.
B. Study the life of Filipino heroes and pass on their deeds worth emulating to students.
C. Supplant indigenous culture with foreign culture claimed to be superior.
D. Teach the latest instructional technology to Filipino children.

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 TEST ITEMS IN FOUNDATIONS OF EDUCATION (270 items)

78. Who is NOT covered by the Code of Ethics of Professional Teachers?

A. Teachers in all educational institutions at the pre-school, elementary, and secondary levels.
B. Teachers of academic, vocational, special, technical, or non-formal institutions.
C. All full time or part time public and private school.
D. Teachers in the tertiary level.

79. Which attitude is exemplified by a Boy Scout who says “Bahala na!” and dives into a pool to save a
drowning boy?
A. A “daring” attitude
B. A “segurista” attitude
C. An “I don’t care” attitude
D. A daring attitude combined with “pagmamalasakit”

80. Annual medical check-up required of teachers is done in the interest of

A. Parents
B. School administrators
C. Filipino medical doctors
D. The state of every teacher

81. According to Confucius, what is the best way to rule a people and attain harmony?
A. By allowing people to do as they please.
B. By consulting the governor.
C. By moral example.
D. By force.

82. I get PhP 5,000 from the funds raised during Valentine’s Day without the knowledge of the committee
and donate it to a foundation serving a group of handicap. Is my act of getting PhP 5,000 from the
funds justified?
A. Yes, the end justifies the means.
B. Yes, the means justifies the end.
C. No, the end does not justify the means.
D. Yes, if you intend to tell the committee afterwards.

83. Theft of school equipment like TV, computer, etc. by teenagers in the community itself is becoming a
common phenomenon. What does this incident signify?
A. Community’s lack of sense of co-ownership.
B. Inability of school to hire security guards.
C. Prevalence of poverty in the community.
D. Deprivation of Filipino schools.

84. If you agree with Rizal on how you can contribute to our nation’s redemption, which should you work
for?
A. Upgrading the quality of Filipino through education.
B. Opening our doors to foreign influence.
C. Stabilizing the political situation.
D. Gaining economic recovery.

85. A teacher / student is held responsible for his actions because s/he __________.
A. has instincts
B. has a choice
C. has reason
D. is mature
86. Rights and duties are correlative. This means that
A. rights and duties arise from natural law.
B. rights and duties ultimately come from God.
C. rights and duties regulate the relationship of men in society.
D. each right carries with it one or several corresponding duties.

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 TEST ITEMS IN FOUNDATIONS OF EDUCATION (270 items)

87. What should you do if a parent who is concerned about a grade his child received compared to
another student’s grade, demands to see both students’ grades?
A. Show both records to him.
B. Show only his child’s record.
C. Refuse to show either record.
D. Refuse to show any record without expressing permission from principal.

88. In a study conducted, the pupils were asked which nationality they preferred, if given a choice.
Majority of the pupils wanted to be Americans. In this case, in which obligation, relative to the state,
do schools seem to be failing? In their obligation to __________.
A. Promote national pride.
B. Instill allegiance to the constitution.
C. Respect for all duly constituted authorities.
D. Promote obedience to the laws of the state.

89. Under no circumstance shall a teacher prejudiced discriminatory against any learner, says the Code
of Ethics. When is a teacher prejudiced against any learner?
A. When he makes a nearsighted pupil sit in front.
B. When he makes a farsighted pupil sit at the back.
C. When he refuses a pupil with slight physical disability in class.
D. When he considers multiple intelligence in the choice of his teaching strategies.

90. In the faculty room, everyone is talking about Teacher W who is tutoring for a fee her own pupil who
is running for honors. What is a professional thing for the other teachers to do?
A. As a group, report her to the principal.
B. Correct her and remind her that tutoring one’s own pupil for a fee is unethical.
C. Leave her alone; she might accuse you of meddling in her personal life.
D. Talk to the presence of the tutee. Tell them what Teacher W is doing is unprofessional.

91. What does a conservative Filipino student experience when she migrates to the United States and
witness for herself public display of affection?
A. Culture shock
B. Acculturation
C. Enculturation
D. Colonial Mentality

92. Professor A was open and honest in his opinion. He accepted criticisms from his students. The
students gained insights and found answers to many of their questions. Which of the characteristics
given below best describes this kind of classroom?
A. humanistic, realistic, understanding
B. formal, authoritarian, traditional
C. permissive and accepting
D. supportive and consistent

93. Which best explains what mainstreaming in the classroom means?

A. Teachers in SPED are now teaching in the regular classrooms.
B. Pupils in the regular classroom are now accepted in Special Education centers.
C. Teachers of regular classes are now teaching children with disabilities in SPED centers.
D. Pupils who were previously enrolled in SPED classes are integrated into regular classes.

94. Roselyn, age 7, was removed from her class for frequent fights with other children. She refused to be
disciplined and wants to focus only for a very short time. She also has frequent tantrums. She is
suffering from
A. Down’s syndrome
B. Mental retardation
C. Learning disability
D. Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder

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 TEST ITEMS IN FOUNDATIONS OF EDUCATION (270 items)

95. This embodies the teacher’s duties and responsibilities and proper behavior in performing them.
A. Bill of rights
B. Code of Ethics for Teacher
C. Philippine Constitution of 1987
D. Magna Carta for Public School Teacher

96. Which educational trend is occurring in all modern societies as a result of knowledge explosion and
rapid social, technological, and economic changes?
A. International education
B. Lifelong learning
C. Nuclear Education
D. Team Teaching

97. What concept of education makes every individual a useful citizen to the state?
A. Humanitarianism
B. Utilitarianism
C. Conformity
D. Security

98. A teacher is a facilitator of learning and of development of the youth. Which practice is NOT in
keeping with his role as facilitator?
A. Humiliates misbehaving pupils.
B. Considers the multiple intelligence’s of learners.
C. Keeps himself abreast with educational trends.
D. Dialogs with parents and with other members of the community.

99. A melody may sound sad to one and yet when the individual notes are played separately, there is
nothing sad about it. The viewpoint is based on the doctrine that
A. the whole experience is less than the sum of the parts.
B. the whole experience is equal to the sum of the parts.
C. the whole experience is more than the sum of the parts.
D. the whole experience is not in any way related to the sum of the parts.

100. A teacher by reason of having gotten tired of elections did not exercise her right of suffrage last
elections. Which provision in the Code of Ethics did she fail to observe?
A. Every teacher shall enjoy academic freedom.
B. Every teacher shall possess and actualize full commitment and devotion to duty.
C. Every teacher shall vote and shall exercise all other constitutional rights and responsibilities.
D. A teacher shall not engage in the promotion of any political, religious, or other partisan interest.

101. Which human right does libel violates?

A. The right to make a livelihood
B. The right to one’s own life
C. The right to one’s honor
D. The right to property

102. Just as selected Filipino teachers today are sent abroad to study, the Americans did the same in 1903.
These teacher scholars were known as __________.
A. Reformists
B. Pensionados
C. Insulares
D. Peninsulares

103. Which statement about Grade 7 is correct?

A. Grade 7 was introduced in America but never in the Philippines.
B. The 1901 Department of Public Instruction established Grade 7.
C. Grade 7 was established by the Education Act of 1940.
D. Spain introduced Grade 7 in the country.

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104. To ensure that all Filipino children are functionally literate, which mechanism is meant to reach out to
children who are far from a school?
A. Multi-grade classroom
B. A school in every barangay
C. Mobile teacher
D. Sineskwela

105. Referring to the characteristics of the latest Basic Education Curriculum, which does NOT belong to
the group?
A. More flexible
B. Less prescriptive
C. More compartmentalized
D. More integrated

106. Which program is DepEd’s vehicle in mobilizing support from the private and non-government sectors
to support programs based on DepEd’s menu of assistance packages?
A. Child-Friendly-School System
B. Every Child A Reader Program
C. Adopt-A-School Program
D. Brigada Eskwela

107. Which DepEd test do out-of-school youths and adults take to enable them to enroll in college if they
pass it?
A. National Achievement Test
B. National Secondary Achievement Test
C. National College Entrance Examination
D. Accreditation and Equivalency Test

108. Which is compulsory for children of school ages as stated in the 1987 Philippine Constitution?
A. Special education
B. Elementary and Secondary education
C. Elementary education
D. Pre-elementary education

109. Which feature was true of Philippine education during Spanish regime?
A. Separation of church and state
B. Emphasis on religious instruction
C. Vernacular as a medium of instruction
D. Establishment of a normal school

110. Which is in line with equitable access to education but runs counter to quality?
A. Selective retention of students
B. Open admission
C. Program accreditation
D. Deregulated tution fee hike

111. The National College Entrance Examination (NCEE) was abolished because it was perceive to be:
A. culturally biased against the marginalized citizens
B. against the democratization of access to education
C. not supportive to the production of quality manpower for the country.
D. highly expensive for it was given to a huge number of high school graduates.

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112. Which is/are a ground/s for the revocation of professional teacher’s license?
I. Immoral, unprofessional, or dishonourable conduct
II. Chronic enibriery, or habitual use of drugs
III. Unjustified or willfull failure to attend seminars, workshops, conference, or the continuing
education program prescribed by the Board and the Commission
A. I only
B. I and II
C. II only
D. I, II, and III

113. With the passage of R.A. 7836, who may teach? Only those __________.
A. who have reached the age of twenty-one (21).
B. with a valid certificate of registration and valid professional license from PRC.
C. with earned 18 Master’s units or Master’s Degree in education
D. with a field of specialization

114. Which is the Teacher’s Professionalism Act?

A. R.A. 4670
B. R.A. 7727
C. R.A. 7836
D. R.A. 9293

115. How is the latest curriculum introduced in the elementary and secondary schools called?
A. Millennium Curriculum
B. 2002 Basic Education Curriculum
C. The Restructured Basic Education Curriculum
D. 2002 Elementary and Secondary Education Curricula

116. An organized system of social norms, values, and beliefs formed around social needs and
problems of society is termed as
A. Social institution
B. Social interaction
C. Social organization
D. Social structure

117. When an individual views his or her own culture as better or superior than other culture, he or she
manifests
A. Ethnocentrism
B. Cultural relativism
C. Xenocentrism
D. Ethical relativism

118. When one views society in terms of the actions and interactions of human beings which define
the social situations, he or she is using the
A. Structuralist-functionalist perspective
B. Conflict perspective
C. Symbolic-interactionist perspective
D. Social construction of reality perspective

119. It is a type of educational organization synonymous with the school that is characterized by
definite goals and objectives through formal structures and methods.
A. Formal education
B. Informal education
C. Non-formal education
D. Alternative education

120. Which of the following is an example of technological knowledge?

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A. Knowledge of making tools

B. Methods of acquiring food
C. Knowledge about angels and spirits
D. Knowledge about ‘kulam’ or ‘anting-anting’

121. In Kohlberg’s Theory of Moral Development, a principled person is said to have reached the
A. Conventional level
B. Beyond post-conventional level
C. Post-conventional level
D. Pre-conventional level

122. Which of the following is not a direct function of educational institution?

A. Biological maintenance
B. Cultural transmission
C. Socialization of the child
D. Assignment of status and roles

123. Which of the following is a conflict theorist view of the role of education in society?
A. Education socializes the child to become good and responsible members of society.
B. Education is responsible for the development of individual’s commitments and capacities
essential for future role performance.
C. Education is responsible for allocation of students into separate academic and vocational
programs and careers
D. Education legitimizes existing inequalities in the social division of labor in society and
maintains the coercive system of the powerful groups

124. Conscientization as a pedagogy and an approach to teaching is perceived to be effective in

promoting:
A. Political activism
B. Lack of trust in political leaders
C. Opposition to status quo
D. Critical awareness of issues

125. Cultural reproduction refers to the process of

A. Providing students the knowledge and skills to be able to transform societies
B. Teaching the students to appreciate and reverse established and traditional institutions of
society
C. Allowing students opportunities to adapt and adjust to changing societies and cultures.
D. Critically examining existing systems and structures and helping students put their ideas into
action.

126. Which human right violation is a deliberate and systematic extermination of an ethnic or national
group?
A. Parricide
B. Homicide
C. Suicide
D. Genocide

127. A specific person in individual’s environment whose approval and affection are especially desired
is known as
A. Reference group
B. Generalized others
C. Significant others
D. Looking glass self

128. According to Massey, the first of the three periods of value development is
A. Modelling period
B. Imprint period
C. Socialization period
D. Absorption period

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129. The process whereby the learner is lead to change his or her behavior through social pressure,
propaganda, or other medium of instruction is known as:
A. Inculcation
B. Formal Instruction
C. Modelling
D. Reward and punishment

130. The concept of “looking glass self” of Charles Cooley noted that an individual gains an idea of
himself/herself through
A. How he/she influence others
B. How others look at him/her
C. How others affect the individual
D. How individuals look at him/herself through the eyes of the others

131. The “Rites of passage” is a period in which a child is

A. brought to an initiation period for which he/she must successfully proceed through and accept
in order to be considered a true member of the tribe.
B. has to decide whether he or she would abide by the rituals or norms of society or decided to be
ostracized
C. a child has entered adulthood and will be given opportunity to prove his worth in society
D. faced with a period of anxiety and dissonance so s/he will have a tendency to rebel against
norms

132. In Kurt Lewin’s Change model, the stage perceived to be the most difficult, painful, and stressful
because it is in this stage that one has to challenge existing core values and practices is termed as:
A. Unfreezing
B. Transition
C. Refreezing
D. Maintaining Status Quo

133. Meritocracy as a social system allocates rewards and positions based on:
A. ability and achievement
B. ethnicity
C. social class
D. gender

134. Anthropologists believe that culture makes it deep and permanent effects on the individual during:
A. Infancy
B. Adolescent age
C. Early childhood
D. Adulthood

135. What does school becomes a mechanism of social control?

A. When a school functions as custodial institutions for the young people in society.
B. When school functions as sorting mechanism which will determine who will take a particular
career or course.
C. When school acts to indoctrinates the young to the basic beliefs and tenets of society.
D. When school presents children highly idealized pictures of their social institutions.

136. Which of the following may explain the diversity and difference in culture?
A. Because people lived together, they tend to develop shared ways of defining their social
reality.
B. Diversity of cultures occurs because human biological drives precondition what human beings
want to do, to eat, to feel.
C. Geographical environment offers varied alternatives that a given society may apply or use in
solving problems for survival.
D. People, no matter where they are will tend to develop similar ways of responding to the
problems of society.

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137. Which of the UNESCO’s four pillars of education is most related to peace education?
A. Learn to do
B. Learn to know
C. Learn to live together
D. Learn to be

138. When transmission function of school left in the hands of a few selected individuals, what may
happen to society?
A. It may lead to the perpetuation of a particular class or caste.
B. It may result to good students because only few are teaching them.
C. It may be difficult, if there are many students to educate.
D. It may lead to diffusion and spread of varieties of culture.

139. Studies have shown that student’s socio-economic status is positively correlated with both
educational attainment and achievement. This means that:
A. The higher the student’s socio-economic status, the greater his/her educational
accomplishment is likely to be.
B. Economically poor students tend to achieve more than middle class students.
C. Poor students tend to achieve better because they want to improve their life.
D. Being poor or rich has nothing to do with achievement of students in general.

140. Which of the following is part of the “hidden curriculum”?

A. The basic competencies that student need to develop as taught by the teacher in class.
B. Planned activities prepared by the teacher for the students to help them develop good
behavior and character.
C. Unplanned experiences of children in school which influence their values, behavior, and way of
thinking.
D. The lessons which were not achieved by the students because teachers fail to teach them.

141. In what way can social class variations in child rearing practices affect higher achievement in
school?
A. Middle class parents tend to encourage curiosity, imitative, and independence, while lower
class families tend to promote obedience and subordination.
B. Both middle and lower class families emphasizes competition within the family, hence, children
become competitive and higher achiever in school.
C. Middle class families tend to emphasize discipline and obedience, hence, children tend to be
more focused in school.
D. Poor families emphasize the importance of earning livelihood, hence, children tend to perform
poorly in school.

142. What specific function of education is operating when the teacher provides students opportunities
to critically examines some problems in society and guide them to take some form of action to
address them?
A. Education for transition
B. Education for transformation
C. Education for transmission
D. Education for preservation

143. Constructivism in education is based on the belief that:

A. It is the function of the school to provide all the necessary knowledge and skills to children so
they can survive in society.
B. The school should provide the child all the opportunity for him/her to find meaning and
understanding of his/her experiences to solve real life problems.
C. The school should develop the intellectual capacities of the child so he or she can internalize
the goals of constructing new society.
D. It is the function of the school to discipline children and ensure their mastery of knowledge
defined by the school as essential.

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144. How does the notion of cultural relativity and variability affect the teaching-learning processes in
school?
A. The student’s varied cultural background will in no way affect the way they will learn the
lessons in school.
B. The students can readily adjust to the way the teacher initiates learning in school because
children are adaptable beings no matter what culture they come from.
C. The child’s cultural background influences the children’s way of interpreting and viewing the
world, hence, teachers must consider the children’s world view when teaching.
D. The teacher should be wary of differing cultural points of view and must make sure that
students will see things the same way.

145. Which indicators could very well tell whether the student has internalized nationalism or not?
A. When the student can expound intelligently on the ideas of nationalism.
B. When the student can cite examples of ways by which nationalism can be demonstrated.
C. When a student shows his/her interest in knowing more about political / economic issues and
how s/he can participate in addressing them.
D. When the student uses thing that symbolizes nationalism such as made in the Philippines
garments.

146. A class is composed of students coming from several ethnic communities including Muslims and
lumads. They seem to have difficulty understanding each others’ behavior and points of view.
What should the teacher do?
A. Introduce multiculturalism in the class and provide activities for practice.
B. Threaten the students that if there are students who do not behave and tolerant of their
classmates, s/he will be dropped from class.
C. Inform students that they will all be learning new ways of thinking and behaving in this class,
so they might as well leave their “cultural idiosyncrasies” at home.
D. Ignore them, anyway it is not part of the course you are teaching.

147. How does the Functionalist perspective view the importance of curriculum in schools?
A. Knowledge contained in the curriculum is determined by the ruling class and children are
assessed on their mastery of the material.
B. Selection of the content of the curriculum is socially constructed and product of the interactions
between many groups and institutions.
C. Knowledge of the curriculum is the product of the consensus on the selection and organization
of knowledge necessary for society to function.
D. Content knowledge of the curriculum is the product of the day to day interaction of individuals
consisting of symbols and their interpretations.

148. In what way is the content of the hidden curriculum being transmitted to the child?
A. Through the formal curriculum.
B. Through extra-curricular activities given by the school.
C. Through rules, routines, textbooks, and other unintended activities.
D. Through the timetabled subjects and courses.

149. How does the school system promote the political system’s goals of promoting good citizenship?
A. The school provide the skills of political literacy necessary for democracy.
B. School develops in the child a strong sense of competitiveness and individualism.
C. The school develops blind obedience and unquestionable loyalty to the state through
indoctrination.
D. The school emphasizes strict adherence and obedience even to unjust laws.

150. From the Marxist point of view, what are the ways by which schools tend to promote social
stratification?
A. Differentiation of access is based on fair and objective assessment of pupil’s abilities.
B. The school allocates students to the labor markets based on their talent.
C. Because the poor lack the cultural capital on which they are judged, they usually land on the
lower class.
D. The school provide a broad curriculum to allow themselves to realize their talents.

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151. While for Freud, the primary motivation for human behavior is sexual in nature, Erickson noted
that it is __________ in nature.
A. Intellectual
B. Biological
C. Social
D. Emotional

152. A teacher should consider the forces that affect the behavior of the student both from the external
environment and what the student is thinking and feeling from within. This helps her understand
the learner and provide more effective ways to help the child learn. This thinking is based in:
A. Gestalt theory
B. Lewin’s field theory
C. Skinner’s operant conditioning theory
D. Pavlov’s conditioning theory

153. Ivan Illich in his book “Deschooling Society” noted that formal schooling is unnecessary and
harmful to both students and society for the following reasons:
A. Most schools are repressive and dampen creativity and imagination producing mindless
conforming students.
B. Schools are effective only in developing skills for livelihood and to solve problems in society.
C. There are other avenues for learning outside the formal school such as media.
D. Teachers have become ineffective in teaching the children.

154. Which of the following statements manifests an awareness of the principle of cultural relativism?
A. Cultures must be evaluated on the basis of some universal standards.
B. Any cultural trait is correct and incorrect depending on the values of the person looking at it.
C. Cultural behavior must be evaluated on the basis of its functionality in its own culture.
D. Since societies have their own culture, no society should not be critical of whatever is
practiced in another society.

155. What Filipino character trait is manifested when a Filipino prefers to choose pursuing a college
course, even when there is no demand, over a vocational course which is highly in demand?
A. Appreciation of manual labor
B. Academic excellence and scholarship
C. Desire for entrepreneurship
D. Penchant for a college diploma

156. Extreme authoritarianism experienced reinforces particular behavior which maybe demonstrated
by pupils in the classroom. Which among the following behavior trait manifests this?
A. Creativity in doing projects
B. Strong sense of initiative
C. Dependence on others for direction
D. Autonomy and self-direction

157. If you consider yourself as a reconstructionist teacher, which among the following will be your
guiding principle?
A. I must teach so that the learners can be practical and realistic about life.
B. I must teach so that the learners can be assured of heaven.
C. I must teach so that the learners can develop their maximum potential.
D. I must teach so that the learners can acquire knowledge and values needed to create a better
future.

158. In a study conducted, the pupils were asked which nationality they preferred, if given a choice.
Majority of the pupils wanted to be Americans. In this case, in which obligation relative to the
state, do schools seem to be failing? In their obligation to __________.
A. Promote national pride.
B. Instill allegiance to the constitution.
C. Respect for all duly constituted authorities.
D. Promote obedience to the laws of the state.

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159. History books used in schools are replete with events portraying defeats and weaknesses of the
Filipino as a people. How should you tackle them in the classroom?
A. Do not highlight the events in your lesson.
B. Present them as they are presented but tell the class that they are not relevant.
C. Present facts and use them as means in inspiring your class to learn from them.
D. Present them and blame those people responsible or those who have contributed.

160. Which best describes the philosophy of the present Basic Education Curriculum?
A. The promotion of transformative education for national development.
B. The development of highly competitive and competent Filipinos for a globalized world.
C. The development of an empowered learner who possesses life skills for lifelong learning.
D. The promotion of a just and humane society through its citizens who are makabayan and
makatao.

161. The main purpose of compulsory study of the Constitution is to:

A. develop students into responsible, thinking citizens.
B. acquaint students with the historical development of the Philippine Constitution.
C. make constitutional experts of the students.
D. prepare students for law-making.

162. If an individual deliberately attempts to foster his ignorance about something, he/she is
manifesting:
A. crass / supine ignorance
B. affected ignorance
C. invincible ignorance
D. vincible ignorance

163. Which of the following statements about Gender is correct?

A. Gender is biologically determined.
B. Gender is socially and culturally constructed.
C. Gender roles are the same in all societies.
D. Gender is an ascribed status in society.

164. Each teacher is said to be trustee of the cultural and educational heritage of the nation and is,
under obligation to transmit to learners such heritage. Which practice makes him fulfil such
obligation?
A. Use the latest technology.
B. Observe continuing professional education.
C. Use interactive teaching strategies.
D. Study the life of Filipino heroes.

165. Paolo Freire in his “Pedagogy of the Oppressed” noted that ‘banking’ characteristics of education
and suggested reform of education through:
A. Study and reflection of concrete experiences in actual situations to eradicate injustice and
exploitation.
B. Active learning and experiential activities which will enable the child to relate his learning to life
experiences.
C. Mastery of the higher order thinking and cognitive abilities to address the problems of the 21 st
century.
D. All of the above.

166. The document which embodies the teacher’s duties and responsibilities as well as proper
behaviour in performing them
A. The Code of Ethics for Teachers
B. The Philippine Constitution of 1987
C. The Bill of Rights
D. The Magna Carta for public teacher

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167. The secondary schools provide activities to develop social grace among students by having JS
Prom, graduation ball, and acquaintance party. What philosophy is emphasized by this practice?
A. aesthetics
B. axiology
C. epistemology
D. metaphysics

168. Which of the following illustrates the concept of enculturation

A. Father teaching his son how to fish
B. Mia learned to speak Japanese by watching films
C. Justin learned Australian culture through reading
D. both b and c

169. Filipinos practice most of the Western culture in terms of fashion and designs, foods, and eating
styles, and many others. What does it say about culture
A. culture is universal
B. culture is continuous
C. culture can be borrowed
D. culture can be changed

170. Divorce is observed in the West while it is still a taboo for Filipinos. What does it illustrates about
culture?
A. culture is adaptive
B. culture is symbolic
C. culture is valued
D. culture is relative

171. A group of people who specifically study man’s development, works, and achievements in the past
are the
A. sociologist
B. anthropologist
C. moralist
D. realist

172. Vocational education responds to the need of middle-level manpower and skilled labor in any
society. Which of these countries already practiced the type of education which is the forerunner
of the vocational education today?
A. Greece
B. Egypt
C. India
D. China

173. The philosophy that states: “Schools must guide and discipline individuals to become good
statesman” came from
A. Tunku Abdul Rahman
B. Mochtar Lubis
C. Rabindranath Tagore
D. Norodom Sihanouk

174. The doctrine of non-violence or non-cooperation was put forward by:

A. Confucius
B. Lao Tzu
C. Gandhi
D. Tagore

175. The leadership concept of education which states that: “Leaders must pursue goodness will be
followed by members” came from
A. Confucius
B. Lao Tzu
C. Gandhi
D. Tagore

176. That world unity can be achieved by synthesizing the best cultures of east and west was put
forward by
A. Lubis
B. Tagore
C. Sihanouk
D. Rahman

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177. Setting vision, mission, and objectives of schools in a broader meaning exemplify
A. realism
B. idealism
C. communism
D. positivism

178. A classroom atmosphere where anyone is equal is based on the idea of

A. realism
B. communism
C. idealism
D. positivism

179. A theory which can be applied in practical situation indicates the philosophy of
A. idealism
B. realism
C. pragmatism
D. communism

180. Knowing and understanding who your students are at the moment indicates the philosophy of
A. pragmatism
B. existensialism
C. communism
D. idealism

181. A teacher believes that a human being is composed of matter and spirit . One has to teach proper
behaviour in order to enhance the soul. She is a
A. pragmatist
B. dualist
C. monist
D. evolutionist

182. A teacher who believes in the progressivist theory of education would embrace certain reforms
on methodology. Which reforms would be consistent with this theory?
A. formal instructional pattern
B. strict external discipline
C. teacher domination in class activities
D. active participation of the learners

183. What philosophy of education advocates that the curriculum should only include universal and
unchanging truths?
A. idealism
B. realism
C. perennialism
D. essentialism

184. Those whose philosophy of education is based on stimulus-response are

A. essentialist
B. reconstructionist
C. behaviorist
D. humanist

185. Mrs. De Dios taught in an exclusive school in Manila for 2 years. The following year he decided
to transfer to a public school in her province. She noticed a great difference not only in instructions but
also in the availability of instructional tools to be used. The difference is due to
A. cultural lag
B. cultural shock
C. cultural diffusion
D. cultural relativism

186. Most authorities agree that modern times began with the movement known as Renissance; and
since education is always a reflection of the times, modern theories education can be said to have
begun with this movement. The distinct outgrowth of Renaissance was
A. realism
B. naturalism
C. pragmatism
D. humanism

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187. The teacher’s total philosophy of life can’t be separated from his philosophy of education or his
learning theory, and his methods of teaching, for his views of reality, knowledge, and values lie in the
realm of
A. monistic, dualistic, and organic view
B. metaphysical, epistemological, and axiological view
C. philosophical, sociological and anthropological view
D. realistic, naturalist and humanistic view

188. Mr. Herrera, a principal, is very much concerned about his teacher’s manner of delivering lessons.
This is:
A. Metaphysics
B. Epistemology
C. Axiology
D. Aesthetic

189. Mrs. Reyes always consults with her students whenever the class will have an activity. She is
showing that she is:
A. A pragmatist
B. An Essentialist
C. A Perennialist
D. An Existentialist

190. Republic Act No. 7836 otherwise known as the Licensure Examination for Teachers is required for
those who are engaged in teaching in:
A. All public and private elementary and secondary schools.
B. All public elementary and secondary schools.
C. All private elementary and public schools.
D. All public colleges and universities.

191. Which of the following does not belong to the group?

A. Perennialism
B. Essentialism
C. Progressivism
D. Idealism

192. Teachers in school perform the role and responsibility of the parents in the development and
education of the child. This stems from the belief that the home is the primary agency in the
education of the individual. Thus, teachers are regarded as surrogate parents along the loco
parentis principle. Which philosophy advocates this view of education?
A. Pragmatism
B. Idealism
C. Naturalism
D. Realism

193. This philosophy believes that ideas are inherent in the individual. Which school of thought has
advocated this belief?
A. Naturalism
B. Idealism
C. Realism
D. Pragmatism

194. The learners discuss a social problem requiring an immediate solution after suggesting various
means of solving problems without delay. Their goal is to make the community a better place to live
in. Which theory recommend this educative process?
A. Realism
B. Reconstructionism
C. Progressivism
D. Idealism

195. When the school views the learner as a unique, free-choosing, and responsible person made up of
intellect and emotions, the teacher should set up learning activities where learner can develop
these aspect of his personality. Which theory prescribes this nature of learner?
A. Essentialism
B. Pragmatism
C. Existentialism
D. Reconstructionism

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196. The teacher has to select and provide appropriate learning experience whereby the learners can
discover relationships between elements in various situations and understand them as a whole in
an organized, unified pattern. This view of the role of the teacher was put forward by the:
A. Behaviorist
B. Cognitivist
C. Idealist
D. Realist

197. What medieval concept of education emphasized military training as well as social and etiquette
training?
A. Monasticism
B. Scholasticism
C. Chivalry
D. Humanism

198. The classroom is a venue where teachers and learners discuss the problems of human life and
society, where both are given the opportunity to choose solutions. What contemporary philosophy is
illustrated in the above statement?
A. Reconstructionism
B. Pragmatism
C. Existentialism
D. Essentialism
199. What concept of education makes every individual a useful citizen to the state?
A. Secularism
B. Realism
C. Humanitarianism
D. Utilitarianism

200. Homeroom advisers always emphasize the importance of cleanliness of the body. Children are
taught how to wash their hands before and after eating. This practice is called:
A. Laws
B. Mores
C. Folkways
D. Social norm

201. Mr. Morales tells his students that it is not right to have an affair with anyone in the family. This is an
example of:
A. Fad
B. Mores
C. Law
D. Folkways

202. Attending seminars, lectures, and workshops update a person to what is recent and innovative.
That is why even those in the farthest region of the country know what the people in Manila know.
This is because of:
A. Cultural lag
B. Cultural diversity
C. Cultural diffusion
D. Cultural gap

203. A Zambaleno student decided to transfer to Manila. He observed that his classmates’ lifestyle and
behavior are different from his own. During the first few weeks, he found it difficult to adjust. This is
due to:
A. Cultural lag
B. Cultural shock
C. Cultural relativism
D. Cultural diffusion

204. Sheryl studies in a parish school. As a parish school, students are given a free hand to join any
religious organization of their choice. What kind of social group is it?
A. Primary group
B. Reference group
C. Secondary group
D. Voluntary Association

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205. Whenever Anne is asked out to act a role she likes best, she would choose to portray the role of
any of her family members. This implies how Anne is greatly influenced by her family as a:
A. Primary group
B. Peer group
C. Reference group
D. Secondary group

206. The law which mandates the use of English in teaching Communication Arts in English, Math,
and Science, and the rest of the subjects in Filipino is:
A. Education Act of 1982
B. Bilingual Policy of 1974
C. Batas Pambansa
D. The Constitution of 1987

207. According to reconstructionism, the goal of education is to bring about a new social order. Which
practice best manifests this view?
A. The class discusses role models and their impact on society
B. The class conducts scientific experiments to discover or verify concepts
C. The class undertakes well-planned projects in the community
D. The class is allowed to engage in divergent thinking

208. The maxim “Do unto others what you would have them do unto you” or the Golden Rule was
part of values taught by most teachers in Philippine education. This rule was taken from the
writings of
A. Confucius B. Lao Tzu C. Mahatma Gandhi D. Rabindranath Tagore

209. In the teaching of controversial issues in the social sciences, the teacher offers his own
position, including principles, values, and reasons behind his stand, encouraging students to
examine them in order to choose for themselves whether or not to accept them. Which theory
prescribes this role of teachers
A. pragmatism
B. reconstructionism
C. existentialism
D. perennialism

210. The idea that education is primarily a method of helping the individual adjust to his environment
stems from the
A. sociological foundation of education
B. scientific foundation of education
C. philosophical foundation of education
D. learning environment and resources

211. Which of the following ancient educational systems is pragmatic and progressive.
A. primitive B. Egyptian C. Greek D. Roman

212. A teacher is said to be a “trustee of the cultural and educational heritage of the nation and is
under obligation to transmit to learners such heritage.” Which practice makes the teacher fulfil such
obligation?
A. Use interactive teaching strategies.
B. Use the latest educational technology.
C. Observe continuing professional education.
D. As a class, study the life of Filipino heroes.

213. Which actions show that political factors affect schools as agent of change?
I. The strengthening of the teaching of English in Philippine schools.
II. The introduction of mandated subjects such as Rizal in the curriculum.
III. The practice of mainstreaming.
IV. The turnover of day care centers from DSWD to DepEd for supervision.
A. I and III
B. I and II
C. II and III
D. II and IV

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214. For more efficient and effective management of schools as agents of change, one proposal is for
the DepEd to cluster remote stand-alone schools under one lead school head. Which factor has the
strongest influence on this proposal?
A. Psychological
B. Historical
C. Geographical
D. Social

215. Is there a legal basis for increasing the teacher’s starting salary to PhP 18,000 a month?
A. No, it is a gift to teachers from Congress.
B. Yes, R.A. 7836.
C. No, it is simply an act of benevolence from President GMA.
D. Yes, the Philippine Constitution.

216. A provided for in the Education Act of 1982, how are the institutions of learning encouraged to set
higher standards of quality over the minimum standards required for state recognition?
A. Granting of Special Permit
B. Academic Freedom
C. Continuing Professional Education
D. Voluntary Accreditation

217. Despite opposition from some school officials, DepEd has continuously enforced the “no
collection of fees” policy during enrolment period in public schools. Is this policy in accordance with
EFA goals?
A. No, it violates the mandate of quality education.
B. Yes, it somewhat eliminates gender disparities.
C. Yes, it supports equitable access to basic education.
D. No, it does not support parent or adult education.

218. “Specialization is knowing more and more about less and less.” Hence, it is better to be a
generalist, claims Teacher F. Which philosophy does Teacher F subscribe to?
A. Existentialism
B. Perennialism
C. Essentialism
D. Progressivism

219. Mencius believed that all people are born good. This thought on the innate goodness of people
makes it easier to __________ our pupils.
A. teach
B. respect
C. like
D. motivate

220. The specialization required of every professional teacher for him/her to be competent is in line
with which pillar of learning?
A. Learning to know
B. Learning to be
C. Learning to live together
D. Learning to do

221. Which pillar of learning aimed at the holistic development of man and his complete fulfilment?
A. Learning to be
B. Learning to know
C. Learning to live together
D. Learning to do

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222. Materials development at the expense of human development points to the need to do more
__________ in school.
A. Learning to do
B. Learning to know
C. Learning to live together
D. Learning to be

223. A student complains to you about his failing grade. When you recomputed, you found out that you
committed an error in his grade computation. Your decision is not to accept the erroneous
computation before the student and so leave the failing grade as is for fear that you may lose
credibility. Is this morally right?
A. No, the reason for not accepting the error before the student is flimsy.
B. No, the end does not justify the means.
C. Yes, the end justifies the means.
D. Yes, as a teacher, you must maintain your credibility.

224. Which violate(s) the principle of respect?

I. Teacher A tells her students that what Teacher B taught is wrong.
II. To retaliate, teacher B advises students not to enrol in Teacher A’s class.
III. Teacher C secretly gives way to a special favor (e.g. add to points to grade) requested by
student A who is vying for honors.
A. II and III
B. I, II, and III
C. I and II
D. I and III

225. With a death threat over his head, Teacher D is directed to pass an undeserving student. Which
will a utilitarianist do?
A. Pass the student. Why suffer the threat?
B. Don’t pass him; live by your principle of justice. You will get reward, if not in this life in the next.
C. Pass the student. That will be of use to the student, his parents and you.
D. Don’t pass him. You surely will not like someone to give you a death threat in order to pass.

226. Teacher A knows of the illegal activities of a neighbour but keeps quiet in order not to be involved
in any investigation. Which foundational principle of morality does Teacher A fail to apply?
A. The end does not justify the means.
B. The end justifies the means.
C. Always do what is right.
D. Between two evils, do the lesser evil.

227. To earn units for promotion, a teacher pays her fee but does not attend class at all. Does this
constitute professional growth?
A. Not immediately but yes after promotion.
B. It depends on the school she is enrolled in.
C. No, it is simply earning MA units for promotion.
D. Yes, just enrolling in an MA program is already professional growth.

Situation 1 – In a faculty meeting, the principal told his teachers: “We need to improve our school
performance in the National Achievement Test. What should we do?

The teacher gave varied answers as follows:

1. Let’s give incentives and rewards to students who get a rating of 85%.
2. Let’s teach them to accept complete responsibility for their performance.
3. Let’s make the school environment conducive for learning.
4. Let’s make use of the experimental methods of teaching.

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228. Which response/s come/s from a behaviourist?

A. #2 and #4
B. #1 and #2
C. #3 and #4
D. #1 and #3

229. On which educational philosophy is response #1 anchored?

A. Existentialism
B. Essentialism
C. Progressivism
D. Behaviorism

230. If you lean toward a progressivist philosophy, with which response would you agree?
A. #2
B. #3
C. #4
D. #1

231. Teacher says: “If it is billiards that brings student out of the classroom, let us bring it into the
classroom. Perhaps, I can use it to teach Math.” To which philosophy does teacher adhere?
a. Progressivism
b. Existentialism
c. Essentialism
d. Reconstuctionism

232. “The greatest happiness lies in the contemplative use of the mind”, said Plato. Therefore, let us give
more opportunities for out students to do _______.
a. Introspection
b. Social Interaction
c. Role playing
d. Cooperative learning

233. Were teachers in the Philippines required of a professional license since the establishment of the
Philippine educational system?
a. No, but the equivalent of a license required was a certificate in teaching.
b. Yes, it was required since the Americans established the educational system.
c. No, it was only with the effectivity of RA 7386 that professional license was required
d. Yes, except for the Thomasites

234. As a teacher, you are a rationalist. Which among these will be your guiding principle?
a. I must teach the child so he is assured of heaven
b. I must teach the child to develop his mental powers to the full
c. I must teach the child that we can never have real knowledge of anything
d. I must teach the child every knowledge, skill and value that needs for a better future.

235. As a teacher put together the output of her colleagues in one workshop and published it with her
same as author. Which is unprofessional about Teacher’s behavior?
a. Failing to correct what appears to be unprofessional conduct
b. Giving due credit to others for their work
c. Not giving due credit to others for their work
d. Holding inviolate all confidential information concerning associates

236. In what way can teachers uphold the highest possible standards of teaching profession?
a. By pointing out the advantages of joining the teaching profession
b. By grooming to change people’s poor perception of teacher
c. By continuously improving themselves personally and professionally
d. None of the above

237. To reach out to clientele who cannot be in the classroom for one reason or another, which of the
following was established?
a. Special education
b. Inform education
c. Alternative learning delivery system
d. Pre-school education

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238. The free public elementary and secondary education in the country area are in line with the
government effort to address educational problems of______.
a. Access and equity
b. Relevance and quality
c. Effectiveness and Efficiency
d. Productivity

239. The American teachers who were recruited to help set the public educational system in the
Philippines during the American regime were called Thomasites because:
a. They first taught at the University of Sto. Tomas
b. They arrives in the Philippines on the feast of St. Thomas
c. They were devotees of St. Thomas Aquinas
d. They disembarked from the CIS Transport called Thomas

240. Teaching of health in schools is backed up by the concept that:

a. Man has a dual nature
b. Man has non-tangible and transcending dimensions
c. Man is nothing but matter
d. Man’s body is the expression of his soul

241. After having been humiliated by his teacher, student evaluates that teacher very poorly, despite
teacher’s excellent performance. Which trait is illustrated by student’s behavior?
a. Particularism
b. Rationalism
c. Personalism
d. Impersonalism

242. Which program was adopted to provide universal access to basic education to eradicate illiteracy?
a. Values Educational Framework
b. Education for all
c. “Paaralan-sa-Bawat-Barangay”
d. Public, private sectarian and non-sectarian

243. Which schools are subject to supervision, regulation and control by the state?
a. Sectarian and non-sectarian school
b. Private school
c. Public school
d. Public, private sectarian and non-sectarian

244. What do the school campus expression “promdi” and “barriotic” indicate?
a. The powerlessness of the poor
b. The power of the rich
c. Low literacy rate of the country
d. The prevalence of ethnocentrism

245. The practice of non graded instruction stems from______.

a. Progressivism
b. Reconstructionism
c. Existentialism
d. Essentialism

246. Theft of social equipment like tv, computer, etc, by teenagers in the community itself is becoming a
common phenomenon. What does this incident signify?
a. Deprivation of Filipino schools
b. Inability of school to hire securely guards
c. Prevalence of poverty in the community
d. Community’s lack of sense of co-ownership

247. What does extreme authoritarianism in the home reinforce in learners?

a. Creativity in work
b. Ability to direct themselves
c. Doing things on their own initiative
d. dependence on others for direction

248. The main purpose of compulsory study of the constitution is to______.

a. Make constitutional experts of the students
b. Develop students into responsible, thinking citizens
c. Prepare students for law-making

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d. Acquaint students with the historical development of the Phil. Constitution

249. Which educational trend is occurring in all modern societies as a result of knowledge explosion and
rapid social, technological, and economic changes?
a. Nuclear education
b. International education
c. Lifelong learning
d. Team teaching

250. Which refers to the Filipino trait of practicing conflicting values in different venues and with different
social groups?
a. “Kanya-kanya” mentality
b. Procrastination
c. Existential intelligence
d. Crab mentality

251. Can an insane be blamed for killing a stranger?

a. Yes, because an insane person possesses a little degree of voluntariness
b. Yes, because an insane person is not totally ignorant
c. No, because of his ignorance and lack of voluntariness
d. No, because the one killed is a stranger, not in any way related to him.

252. A political boss builds a school in an distant barrio in order to get the votes for an unworthy and
corrupt candidate. Is the action of the political boss moral?
a. No, the candidate is undeserving
b. No, his motivate was not meant for a good effect
c. Yes, the votes were in exchange for the school built
d. Yes, it was his duty to strategize for his candidate to win

253. Which is the TRUE foundation of the social order?

a. Strong political leadership
b. equitable access to resources
c. obedient citizens
d. reciprocation of rights and duties

254. My right ends where the right of the others begins. What does this mean?
a. Rights are inalienable
b. Rights are alienable
c. Rights are not absolute
d. Rights are absolute

255. The worker’s rights to form a unions or to strike can be suppressed in times of national emergency.
On what norm is this based?
a. Higher law-inalienable rights before alienable
b. Wider social order-the family before the individual
c. Clearer title- the certain before the title
d. Nobler person- God before man

256. In study conducted the pupils were asked which nationality they preferred if a choice. Majority of the
students wanted to be Americans. In this case, in which obligation relative to the state are school seemed
to be failing? In their obligation to:
a. Respect for all duly constituted authorities
b. Instill allegiance to the Constitution
c. Promote obedience to the laws of the state
d. Promote national pride

257. Which one stifles student’s initiative?

a. “Bahala na”
b. “Utang na loob”
c. Rationalism
d. Extreme authoritarianism

258. Which is an example of a perfect duty?

a. Paying the worker the wages agreed upon
b. Donating an amount for a noble project
c. Giving alms to the needy
d. Supporting a poor but deserving student to school

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259. For more efficient and effective management of schools as agents of change, one proposal is for the
DepEd to cluster remote stand-alone schools under one lead school head. Which factor has the strongest
influence on this proposal?
a. Historical
b. Psychological
c. Social
d. Geographical

260. What does the acronym EFA imply to schools?

a. The stress on the superiority of formal education over the alternative learning system
b. The acceptance of exclusive schools for boys and for girls
c. The concentration on formal education system
d. Practice of inclusive education

261. With Republic Act 7836 the licensure exam for teachers is with:
a. Civil Service Commission
b. Professional Regulation Commission
c. Commission on Higher Education
d. Department of Education, Culture and Sports

262. Who are NOT covered by the Code of Ethics of Professional Teachers?
a. All full time or part time public and private school teacher and administrator
b. Teachers of academic, vocational, special, technical or non-formal institution
c. Teacher in the Tertiary level
d. Teacher in educational institutions at all levels

263. Results in NAT for the past years show that achievement was highest in:
a. Heograpiya
b. English
c. Filipino
d. Science

264. The failure of independent study with most Filipino students may be attributed to student______
a. High degree of independence
b. Ambiance
c. Unpreparedness for schooling
d. High degree of dependence on authority

265. Authority comes from God and is meant to______.

a. Help those given the authority to their task
b. Distinguish those with authority from those without
c. Be lorded over others
d. Make the subjects of authority recognize their superiors

266. Principal tells her teachers that training in the humanities is most important. To which educational
philosophy does he adhere?
a. Perennialism
b. Existentialism
c. Essentialism
d. Progressivism

267. Principal 2 shares this thought with his teachers. “Subject matter should help students understand
and appreciate themselves as unique individuals who accept complete responsibility for their thoughts,
feelings, and action.” From which philosophy is this thought based?
a. Essentialism
b. Perennialism
c. Progressivism
d. Existentialism

268. Availment of the Philippine Education Placement Test for adult and out-of-school youths is in support
of the government’s educational program towards______?
a. Relevance
b. Quality
c. Equitable access
d. Quality and relevance

269. One learns Math by building on the Math previously learned. This is an application of ______?
a. Constructivist

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b. Humanist
c. Physiological
d. S-R

270. Which is/are in accordance with the principle of pedagogical competence?

I. Communication of objectives of the course to students
II. Awareness of alternative instructional strategies
III. Selection of appropriate methods of instruction
A. I and III
B. I, II, and III
C. III only
D. II and III

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