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Test Method For Water Resistance: Impact Penetration: AATCC TM42-2017e

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815 views2 pages

Test Method For Water Resistance: Impact Penetration: AATCC TM42-2017e

Uploaded by

Abraham Toxtle
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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AATCC TM42-2017e

Test Method for Water Resistance: Impact Penetration


Developed in 1945 by AATCC Commit-
tee RA63; revised 1952, 2000, 2017; re-
affirmed 1957, 1961, 1964, 1967,
1971, 1977, 1980, 1989, 2007, 2013;
editorially revised and reaffirmed 1985,
1994; editorially revised 1986, 1987,
2009, 2014, 2016, 2019. Technically
equivalent to ISO 18695.

1. Purpose and Scope


1.1 This test method is applicable to
any textile fabric, which may or may not
have been given a water-resistant or wa-
ter-repellent finish. It measures the resis-
tance of fabrics to the penetration of wa-
ter by impact, and thus can be used to
predict the probable resistance of fabrics
to rain penetration. It is especially suit-
able for measuring the penetration resis-
tance of garment fabrics.
1.2 The results obtained with this test
method depend on the water repellency
of the fibers and yarns and on the con-
struction and finish of the fabric.
2. Principle
2.1 A volume of water is allowed to
spray against a taut surface of a test spec-
imen backed by a weighed blotter. The
blotter is then reweighed to determine
water penetration and the specimen is
classified accordingly.
3. Terminology
3.1 water resistance, n.—of fabric, the
characteristic to resist wetting and pene-
tration by water. (See also water repel-
lency.)
4. Safety Precautions Fig. 1—Impact penetration Type I tester. Fig. 2—Impact penetration Type II tester.

NOTE: These safety precautions are


for information purposes only. The pre-
cautions are ancillary to the testing proce-
dures and are not intended to be all inclu- 5.1.2 Type II tester (see 11.1, Figs. 2, 3 7. Procedure
sive. It is the user’s responsibility to use and 4)
7.1 One end of the specimen is
safe and proper techniques in handling 5.2 White AATCC Textile Blotting
clamped under the 152 mm spring clamp
materials in this test method. Manufac- Paper (see 11.2)
at the top of the inclined stand. Another
turers MUST be consulted for specific 5.3 Water, distilled, deionized or re- 152 ± 10 mm clamp, of 0.4536 kg ± 10%
details such as material safety data sheets verse osmosis total mass, is clamped at the free end of
and other manufacturer’s recommenda- 5.4 Balance accurate to 0.1 g the test specimen. A standard blotter pa-
tions. All OSHA standards and rules per 152 × 230 mm is weighed to the near-
must also be consulted and followed. est 0.1 g and inserted beneath the test
4.1 Good laboratory practices should 6. Test Specimens
specimen.
be followed. Wear safety glasses in all 6.1 A minimum of three specimens are 7.2 A 500 ± 10 mL volume of distilled,
laboratory areas. taken, each 178 × 330 mm, with the warp deionized or reverse osmosis water at 27 ±
5. Apparatus and Materials
(machine direction of the fabric) in the 1°C is poured into a funnel of the tester
long direction. The specimens and the and allowed to spray onto the test speci-
5.1 Impact penetration testers blotting paper should be conditioned in an men. The water should be poured into the
5.1.1 Type I tester (see 11.1, Figs. 1, 3 atmosphere of 65 ± 5% RH and 21 ± 2°C funnel without imparting any swirling
and 4) (70 ± 4°F) for at least 4 h before testing. motion of the water in the funnel. (A small

110 AATCC TM42-2017e AATCC Manual of International Test Methods and Procedures/2021
Copyright © 2020 American Association of Textile Chemists and Colorists
Fig. 3—Structural details of impact penetration tester. Fig. 4—Details of spray head.

blade fixed to the inside of the funnel and exercise conventional statistical caution in a test method. There is no independent,
extending down its side, will prevent any making any comparisons of test results referee method for determining the true
swirling motion from being initiated.) and apply these findings with due caution. value. This test method has no known bias.
7.3 Upon completion of the spraying pe- 10.1.3 Variances ranged in value from
riod, the test specimen is carefully lifted, 0.1-0.4 with an average value of 0.23 11. Notes
the blotter beneath removed, and then (standard deviation = 0.48) for the Type I
quickly reweighed to the nearest 0.1 g. tester, as determined by analysis of vari- 11.1 Impact Penetration Testers (see Figs.
ance. Critical differences, based on these 1, 2, 3 and 4). These testers, Types I and II, are
8. Evaluation a combination of the spray test apparatus used
values and a 95% probability level, may in AATCC TM22, Test Method for Water Re-
8.1 The increase in mass of the blotter be applied to determine significance (see pellency: Spray Test, plus the impact penetra-
in grams is calculated and the average re- Table I). tion head and stand. The Type II tester is a
sult of the three test specimens is re- 10.1.4 Variances ranged in value from more sturdy version of the Type I tester with
ported. Individual determinations or av- 0.0-0.1 with an average value of 0.01 the addition of a drip catcher. Both these
(standard deviation = 0.10) for the Type testers are available from AATCC, P.O. Box
erage values of over 5.0 g may be simply 12215, Research Triangle Park NC 27709; tel:
reported as + 5.0 g or > 5.0 g. II tester, as determined by analysis of
variance. Critical differences, based on +1.919.549. 8141; fax: +1.919.549.8933; e-mail:
[email protected]; web site: www.aatcc.org.
9. Report these values and a 95% probability level,
11.2 Blotters suitable for this test can be
may be applied to determine significance obtained from AATCC, P.O. Box 12215,
9.1 Report the individual determina- (see Table II). Research Triangle Park NC 27709; tel:
tions and the average. For values of over 10.2 Bias. The values derived by this +1.919.549.8141; fax: +1.919.549.8933; e-mail:
5.0 g simply report as + 5.0 g or > 5.0 g. procedure can be defined only in terms of [email protected]; web site: www.aatcc.org.
9.2 Report the test method number and
which piece of equipment was used.
10. Precision and Bias Table I—Within-Laboratory Table II—Within-Laboratory
Critical Differences Critical Differences
10.1 Precision. In 1998, a limited in-
tralaboratory study was completed. The Type I Tester—95% Probability Level Type II Tester—95% Probability Level
same operator tested all samples.
Det in Avg Standard Critical Det in Avg Standard Critical
10.1.2 Three sets of fabrics were ana- (N) Error Differences (N) Error Differences
lyzed using both pieces of equipment.
Each fabric was evaluated 15 times and 1 0.48 1.11 1 0.17 0.40
averages calculated for each group of 3 0.28 0.64 3 0.10 0.23
three. This single laboratory data set was 5 0.21 0.50 5 0.08 0.18
analyzed and used in writing a temporary 7 0.18 0.41 7 0.07 0.15
precision statement, pending a full inter- N = Number of determinations per average N = Number of determinations per average
laboratory study. Until a full study is com- SE = Standard Error for N determinations SE = Standard Error for N determinations
pleted, users of the method are advised to CD = 2.306 SE CD = 2.306 SE

AATCC Manual of International Test Methods and Procedures/2021 AATCC TM42-2017e 111
Copyright © 2020 American Association of Textile Chemists and Colorists

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